US4137130A - Automatic stripping of cathode zinc - Google Patents

Automatic stripping of cathode zinc Download PDF

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Publication number
US4137130A
US4137130A US05/855,769 US85576977A US4137130A US 4137130 A US4137130 A US 4137130A US 85576977 A US85576977 A US 85576977A US 4137130 A US4137130 A US 4137130A
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Prior art keywords
stripping means
metal
basis
edge
unitary
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Expired - Lifetime
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US05/855,769
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English (en)
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Robert D. H. Willans
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Teck Metals Ltd
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Teck Metals Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
    • C25C7/08—Separating of deposited metals from the cathode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for recovering electrodeposited metal in the form of layers from basis metal electrodes.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to recovering zinc from the aluminum cathodes commonly used in the electrowinning of zinc.
  • the method of recovering zinc of high purity by electrowinning requires that cathode plates and lead anodes be supported in electrolysis cells containing an appropriate zinc electrolyte.
  • the usual cathode is commonly an aluminum base onto which the zinc is deposited.
  • the zinc deposit forms a layer which adheres to the aluminum cathode plate surface and this layer is detached to recover the zinc.
  • the zinc layer is detached by inserting a wedge like object between the metal layer and the aluminum cathode surface on which it adheres along an edge or at a corner of said metal layer to partially separate the zinc from the aluminum cathode surface approximately at the zinc/aluminum boundary. After this initial separation, the zinc deposit is peeled off in the form of a zinc layer.
  • an apparatus for recovering electrodeposited metal in the form of a metal layer comprising:
  • At least one unitary stripping means comprising a first stripping means integral with a second stripping means wherein the first stripping means comprises a wedge adapted to be inserted into the V-shaped groove to initiate separation of electrodeposited metal from the basis cathode plate and the second stripping means comprises a blade adapted to propagate said separation.
  • a unitary stripping means may effect separation of a zinc layer or other metal from the basis metal cathode plate surface by a linear motion relative to said surface and the metal layer in the plane of the intermetallic boundary of the electrodeposited metal and the basis metal cathode plate, or substantially so.
  • the unitary stripping means is arranged so that the wedge of the first stripping means is insertable into a V-shaped groove located at an upper corner of the deposited metal on the basis metal cathode plate.
  • the groove may be formed by carrying out electrodeposition with a suitably shaped insulator attached to the edge of the cathode.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a unitary stripping means
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a pair of unitary stripping means illustrated in FIG. 1, and adapted to remove deposited metal from two opposite surfaces of a cathode simultaneously,
  • FIG. 3 is a side perspective view of the upper portion of an edge insulator which is adapted to provide a V-shaped groove
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A--A of the edge insulator illustrated in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of a unitary stripping means and a cathode plate prior to recovering the metal layer
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of a pair of unitary stripping means illustrated in FIG. 1; including alternate means to guide the unitary stripping means to engage the V-shaped groove.
  • the unitary stripping means illustrated by FIG. 1 comprises a first stripping means 1 and a second stripping means 2.
  • the first stripping means is located at an upper corner of the second stripping means and is integrally attached to the second stripping means.
  • the first stripping means is wedge like and in the particular embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 it has a substantially linear leading edge 3 and upper and lower edges 4 and 5 which are substantially parallel to the abutting upper edge 6 of the second stripping means 2. Referring to FIG. 2, the bevelled lateral face 7 and the lateral face 8 of the first stripping means 1 demarcating the leading edge 3 define an angle ⁇ .
  • This angle ⁇ must be such that the bevelled lateral face 7 does not come into butting contact with the edge of the metal layer which partially defines a V-shaped groove which leading edge 3 enters to initiate separation of a metal layer from a cathode.
  • the first stripping means must thus be insertable in the groove as defined by a boundary edge of the metal layer and the basis metal cathode plate.
  • the boundary edge of the metal layer defines one side wall of the V-shaped groove and the basis cathode plate metal defines the other side wall.
  • the angle between the side walls of the V-shaped groove must be greater than the angle ⁇ , the angle between these side walls must not be greater than 90° so that leading edge 3 will not be guided to veer off the edge of the metal layer to ride on the outer surface of the deposited metal. If the angle between the side wall defined by the boundary edge of the metal layer and the side wall defined by the basis metal cathode plate is less than the angle ⁇ , a fragile metal edge so formed may be broken off by the butting referred to above.
  • the V-shaped groove is preferably formed by providing an upper corner of the basis metal cathode plate with a removable, shaped insulator which may or may not be an integral part of a non-conducting edge strip used to prevent electrodeposition of metal on a side edge of the cathode.
  • edge strip 9 is of conventional construction and extends along a side edge 10 of the basis cathode plate 11 on which metal layer 12 is deposited, except for an upper corner portion 13.
  • corner portion 13 extending from boundary edge 14 of metal layer 12 formed at the solution line during electrodeposition to the top edge of strip 9, is covered by edge insulator 15, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the edge insulator 15 is conveniently adapted to be attached at a corner of the basis cathode plate when the basis cathode plate is put into the cell, so that when this edge insulator is removed after electrodeposition of the metal, as shown in FIG. 5, a V-shaped groove 16 is exposed extending substantially vertically from the boundary edge 14 of the metal layer adjacent lateral edge 10 of the basis cathode plate 11 to the upper end of edge strip 9.
  • edge insulator thus illustrated is to be used on a basis metal cathode plate to provide V-shaped grooves on opposite surfaces of the plate on which an electrodeposited metal layer is to be formed, a modification of the invention which will be hereinafter described more fully.
  • Such an edge insulator can be modified to suit a basis metal cathode plate wherein only one metal layer is to be deposited on one surface.
  • Edge insulator 15 has, as seen in FIG. 4, two projections 17. These projections form the side walls of a channel extending the length of the insulator.
  • the gap 18 between the projections is sized such that this edge strip channel is capable of receiving an edge of the basis cathode plate and the side walls can engage opposite surfaces of the cathode plate in a close fitting manner.
  • the projections which form the side walls are provided with complementary bevelled lateral faces 19 and 20. During electrodeposition when this insulator 15 is in place on the cathode plate edge the metal deposit built up on the cathode plate adjacent to one of these bevelled faces takes on a complementary shape and thus provides the necessary V-shaped groove described above.
  • insulator 15 has been described as being separate it may be integral with edge strip 9. If so, edge strip 9 is removed from the cathode before the stripping operation. Moreover, insulator 15 or the combination with edge strip 9 may be adapted in any suitable manner to allow for automatic rather than manual handling to engage and disengage it with respect to the basis cathode plate edge.
  • the second stripping means 2 includes a blade with a cutting edge.
  • This second stripping means must be adapted so that, as it moves towards the lateral edge 10 of the basis cathode plate adjacent the upper part of which the V-shaped groove extends, its cutting edge 21 defines with said lateral edge 10 an approach angle ⁇ of not less than 5 degrees at any working point on the blade. If this angle is too small, desired progressive peeling of the metal layer as it is separated by the first stripping means is not assured.
  • the value of the approach angle depends on whether the basis metal cathode plate retains an edge insulator 9, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the metal layer is to be peeled off of the basis cathode plate.
  • an approach angle ⁇ of not less than 10° may be needed to ensure that progressive peeling of the metal layer off of the basis cathode plate to form a space between the partially separated metal layer and the cathode plate will occur when the second stripping means has moved sufficiently for the stripped metal to clear the edge insulator 9 before each successive portion of cutting edge 21, which is also spaced from the surface of the cathode to clear edge strip 9, enters into said space. More particularly, with respect to the stripping means illustrated in FIG.
  • the stripping means is conveniently constructed so that upper and lower edges 4 and 5 of the first stripping means, which leading edge 3 intersects substantially at right angles, are substantially parallel to the edge 6 which lower edge 5 abuts, of the second stripping means and are adjacent to an upper corner defined by blade edge 21 and upper edge 6, said upper corner having an angle ⁇ which complements the approach angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ can therefore be in the range of 85° or less when edge insulator 9 has been removed or 80° or less when edge insulator 9 remains on the cathode. If the basis metal cathode plate does retain such an edge insulating strip 9 during stripping then, referring to FIG.
  • the blade edge 21 is spaced laterally from lateral face 8 of the first stripping means to ensure that the blade edge 21 will clear the edge insulating strip 9 during the stripping process.
  • the blade face 23 may complement the bevelled lateral face 7 of the first stripping means or may be inclined at a smaller angle to the direction of travel 22.
  • the edge insulator strip 15 responsible for the formation of the V-shaped groove is removed to expose the corner portion 13 and the groove 16 as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the basis cathode plate with the metal layer adhering to it is then suitably positioned and supported for the recovery of the metal layer.
  • the cathode carrying the electrodeposited metal may be lowered into the stripping apparatus with header bar 24 engaging the frame of the stripping apparatus, partially shown as 25, and the cathode adequately supported to withstand thrust of means (e.g., hydraulic means not shown) for moving the unitary stripping means.
  • the stripping means is advanced in the direction of the arrow 22 and the leading edge 3 of first stripping means 1 is caused to move on exposed portion 13 and enter groove 16.
  • Continuous movement of the unitary stripping means in the direction of the arrow 22 and substantially in the plane of the intermetallic boundary of the electrodeposited metal on the cathode plate then effects separation of the electrodeposited metal layer from the basis metal cathode plate along the intermetallic boundary.
  • means is provided to advance support means for the unitary stripping means through a first position wherein the first stripping means engages the groove 16, to initiate separation of the metal layer from the basis metal cathode plate, to a second position wherein the second stripping means effects substantial separation of the metal layer from the basis cathode plate.
  • the first stripping means initially scrapes the surface of the basis metal cathode plate in order to get between the basis metal cathode plate and the electrodeposited metal layer. It is highly undesirable to damage or mar the surface of the basis metal cathode plate.
  • means e.g., a roller 26, as illustrated in FIG. 1, may be provided to force the first stripping means away from the base cathode plate surface. This roller should be positioned so as to provide such clearance just after the first stripping means initiates separation but before the second stripping means is moved inbetween the partially separated cathode plate and metal layer.
  • the roller should provide a clearance of 1/8 inch between the first stripping means and the basis cathode plate.
  • the second stripping means may be provided with a resilient means which spaces its side walls from the cathode plate surface.
  • this resilient means can be a rubber strip 27 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, attached to the lower portion of the second stripping means.
  • the basis metal cathode plate may have a second non-conducting edge strip 28 extending along and preventing electro-deposition of metal on edge 29 opposite to lateral edge 10 at which the stripping means enters.
  • the unitary stripping means can be moved so that the first stripping means is just adjacent to the edge insulating strip 28.
  • the blade edge of the second stripping means naturally will thus not be moved up to the basis metal cathode plate edge 29 covered by the edge insulating strip 28, and, therefore, will not enter between the deposited metal and the cathode plate near the lower remote corner 30 of the cathode plate.
  • the basis metal cathode plate assembly need not include an edge insulating strip 28.
  • the unitary stripping means in this case can move all the way across the basis metal cathode plate surface and, where the basis metal cathode plate supports two opposite metal layers, shear any electrodeposited metal joining the two opposite sheets along the edge of the basis metal cathode plate which does not have an edge insulating strip 28.
  • the unitary stripping means is mounted on support means 31 and the apparatus is provided with guide means, e.g., springs 32 and cam 33, adapted to move linear leading edge 3 of the first stripping means 1 first laterally away from the plane of the surface of the basis cathode plate 11 as leading edge 3 approaches lateral edge 10 of the cathode plate and then toward said surface to press leading edge 3 against the surface as support means 31 approaches the first position of support means 31 wherein the first stripping means engages groove 16.
  • guide means e.g., springs 32 and cam 33
  • the above description has been directed mainly to considering one unitary stripping means in relation to only one metal layer supported on a basis cathode plate it is preferred practice to operate with two such unitary means adapted to cooperate to simultaneously strip two metal layers supported on opposite surfaces of a basis cathode plate.
  • the basis cathode metal plate is positioned and supported so that the two unitary stripping means can be advanced together to engage simultaneously metal layers deposited on both sides of the basis metal cathode plate.
  • two unitary stripping means each comprising first stripping means 1 and second stripping means 2 are pivotally mounted at one end on support means 31 and are biased by springs 32 to engage cam 33.
  • lateral faces 8 of first stripping means 1 or equivalent cam followers may ride on cam 33 with their leading edges 3 moved laterally away from the planes of the corresponding surfaces of the cathode plate 11 to be spaced apart a distance slightly greater than the thickness of cathode plate 11 thereby promoting clear passage of edges 3 beyond cathode edge 10.
  • Assurance of alignment of cathode edge 10 with opened gap 34 between leading edges 3, FIG. 6, may be obtained by mounting horns 35 on top of the first stripping means so that converging faces 36 guide lateral edge 10 of misaligned cathode 11 into the gap 34. During stripping, horns 35 clear top edges 14 of the deposited metal 12.
  • Support means 31 is then moved through a first position wherein each first stripping means 1 enters into its corresponding V-shaped groove, the grooves being on opposite sides of the basis metal cathode plate. Thereafter, there is continuous advance of support means 31 to second position wherein each second stripping means 2 effects substantial separation of metal layers 12 as described below.
  • unitary stripping means to separate metal layers from a single cathode.
  • the greatest advantage of the proposed unitary stripping means is that it can be adapted to strip simultaneously a plurality of basis metal cathode plates at the same time, thereby greatly increasing productivity.
  • a set containing a plurality of basis metal cathode plates having metal layers adhering to opposite surfaces is suitably positioned and supported.
  • a pair of unitary stripping means is provided for each basis metal cathode plate and may be mounted on support means 31, substantially parallel to and spaced from the pair of unitary stripping means shown in FIG. 2. Preferred spacing is that of alternate cathodes in an electrolytic cell.
  • This spacing of substantially parallel cathodes is adequate for entry of adjacent pairs of unitary stripping means between the cathodes and for two thicknesses of stripped metal between each adjacent pair of unitary stripping means. There is no hindrance between adjacent working unitary stripping means. Normal practice for removing alternative cathodes from a cell permits uninterrupted continuation of electrolysis with the remaining alternate cathodes. It is convenient to mount the required number of unitary stripping means on a single carriage. Once the set of cathode plates as described above is in position the carriage supporting the unitary stripping means is then moved, to bring the set of unitary stripping means towards their respective V-shaped grooves and stripping each electrodeposited metal layer as described above.
  • the force required during such multi-stripping is at the peak during the initial parting of the electrodeposited metallic layer from the basis metal cathode plate so that the power to drive the carriage can be reduced by positioning each pair of unitary stripping means to enter its respective V-shaped grooves at a different time.
  • edge insulators 15 which form V-shaped grooves are preferably integral parts of the corresponding nonconducting edge strips 9.
  • edge insulators 15 which form V-shaped grooves are preferably integral parts of the corresponding nonconducting edge strips 9.
  • edge insulators 15 which form V-shaped grooves are preferably integral parts of the corresponding nonconducting edge strips 9.
  • edge insulators 15 which form V-shaped grooves are preferably integral parts of the corresponding nonconducting edge strips 9.
  • edge insulators 15 which form V-shaped grooves are preferably integral parts of the corresponding nonconducting edge strips 9.
  • deposited metal adjacent edges 29 is stretched and partially torn, and falls away from the cathodes.
  • This embodiment provides stripped cathodes which are easily cleaned without hindrance of remaining edge strips. It is possible to back up the stripping means without separating edge insulators otherwise retained on the entry side. This backing up is particularly advantageous in cases

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US05/855,769 1976-12-03 1977-11-29 Automatic stripping of cathode zinc Expired - Lifetime US4137130A (en)

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CA267,119A CA1070643A (fr) 1976-12-03 1976-12-03 Demoulage automatique d'une plaque zinguee
CA267119 1976-12-03

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479854A (en) * 1983-02-14 1984-10-30 Cominco Ltd. Method and apparatus for stripping cathodes
US4670124A (en) * 1985-08-31 1987-06-02 Norddeutsche Affinerie Aktiengesellschaft Cathode for use in the electrolytic refining of copper and method of making same
US5368714A (en) * 1992-04-20 1994-11-29 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Edge protector for electrolytic electrode, spreader bar thereof and method of attaching same to electrolytic electrode
US5470450A (en) * 1992-04-20 1995-11-28 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Edge protector for electrolytic electrode, and spreader bar
US5792328A (en) * 1990-12-31 1998-08-11 Electric Fuel (E.F.L.) Ltd. Apparatus for removing zinc particle deposits from an electrode
US5865967A (en) * 1996-02-21 1999-02-02 Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. Cathode plate used for hydro-electro-winning or electro-refining
CN103469257A (zh) * 2013-09-04 2013-12-25 胡雷 一种方便电解阴极金属板剥板的扣件及其使用方法
CN104499005A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-08 株洲优瑞科有色装备有限公司 剥锌后机器人剔板、补板、转运装置及方法及剥锌生产线
CN104862746A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2015-08-26 三门三友冶化技术开发有限公司 一种阴极锌板预剥离装置
CN113846356A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-28 三门三友科技股份有限公司 一种阴极剥离装置及方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1525075A (en) * 1919-10-28 1925-02-03 Us Metals Refining Company Stripping machine
DE512913C (de) * 1927-11-08 1930-11-24 Metallgesellschaft Ag Aus nichtleitendem Material bestehende Leisten zum Abdecken von zur elektrolytischenAbscheidung von Metallen dienenden Kathoden an solchen Teilen ihrer Oberflaeche, an denen eine Metallabscheidung nicht stattfinden soll
US3579431A (en) * 1968-02-23 1971-05-18 Bunker Hill Co Cell for electrolytic deposition of metals
US3689396A (en) * 1969-11-10 1972-09-05 Monteponi & Montevecchio Spa Apparatus for stripping metal layers from metallic supports
US3980548A (en) * 1972-10-26 1976-09-14 The Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. Automatic apparatus for stripping deposited metal from a cathode plate in electrowinning process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1525075A (en) * 1919-10-28 1925-02-03 Us Metals Refining Company Stripping machine
DE512913C (de) * 1927-11-08 1930-11-24 Metallgesellschaft Ag Aus nichtleitendem Material bestehende Leisten zum Abdecken von zur elektrolytischenAbscheidung von Metallen dienenden Kathoden an solchen Teilen ihrer Oberflaeche, an denen eine Metallabscheidung nicht stattfinden soll
US3579431A (en) * 1968-02-23 1971-05-18 Bunker Hill Co Cell for electrolytic deposition of metals
US3689396A (en) * 1969-11-10 1972-09-05 Monteponi & Montevecchio Spa Apparatus for stripping metal layers from metallic supports
US3980548A (en) * 1972-10-26 1976-09-14 The Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. Automatic apparatus for stripping deposited metal from a cathode plate in electrowinning process

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479854A (en) * 1983-02-14 1984-10-30 Cominco Ltd. Method and apparatus for stripping cathodes
US4670124A (en) * 1985-08-31 1987-06-02 Norddeutsche Affinerie Aktiengesellschaft Cathode for use in the electrolytic refining of copper and method of making same
US5792328A (en) * 1990-12-31 1998-08-11 Electric Fuel (E.F.L.) Ltd. Apparatus for removing zinc particle deposits from an electrode
CN1042044C (zh) * 1992-04-20 1999-02-10 三菱麻铁里亚尔株式会社 电解电极的边缘保护器、其扩张棒及其与电极的连接方法
US5368714A (en) * 1992-04-20 1994-11-29 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Edge protector for electrolytic electrode, spreader bar thereof and method of attaching same to electrolytic electrode
AU662402B2 (en) * 1992-04-20 1995-08-31 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Edge protector for electrolytic electrode, spreader bar thereof and method of attaching same to electrolytic electrode
US5470450A (en) * 1992-04-20 1995-11-28 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Edge protector for electrolytic electrode, and spreader bar
US5865967A (en) * 1996-02-21 1999-02-02 Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. Cathode plate used for hydro-electro-winning or electro-refining
CN103469257A (zh) * 2013-09-04 2013-12-25 胡雷 一种方便电解阴极金属板剥板的扣件及其使用方法
CN104499005A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-08 株洲优瑞科有色装备有限公司 剥锌后机器人剔板、补板、转运装置及方法及剥锌生产线
CN104499005B (zh) * 2014-12-04 2017-02-22 株洲优瑞科有色装备有限公司 剥锌后机器人剔板、补板、转运装置及方法及剥锌生产线
CN104862746A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2015-08-26 三门三友冶化技术开发有限公司 一种阴极锌板预剥离装置
CN113846356A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-28 三门三友科技股份有限公司 一种阴极剥离装置及方法
CN113846356B (zh) * 2021-09-28 2023-01-06 三门三友科技股份有限公司 一种阴极剥离装置及方法

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