US4253381A - Hydraulic machine of the multicylinder drum type - Google Patents

Hydraulic machine of the multicylinder drum type Download PDF

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Publication number
US4253381A
US4253381A US06/045,240 US4524079A US4253381A US 4253381 A US4253381 A US 4253381A US 4524079 A US4524079 A US 4524079A US 4253381 A US4253381 A US 4253381A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
plate
ducts
drum
machine
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Expired - Lifetime
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US06/045,240
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude Wartelle
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Centre Technique des Industries Mecaniques CETIM
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Centre Technique des Industries Mecaniques CETIM
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Assigned to CENTRE TECHNIQUE DES INDUSTRIES MECANIQUES reassignment CENTRE TECHNIQUE DES INDUSTRIES MECANIQUES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WARTELLE CLAUDE
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/20Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B1/2014Details or component parts
    • F04B1/2064Housings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/122Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
    • F04B1/124Pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/20Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B1/2014Details or component parts
    • F04B1/2042Valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/26Control
    • F04B1/30Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
    • F04B1/32Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B1/328Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the axis of the cylinder barrel relative to the swash plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic machine which can operate as a pump or motor and which is of the multicylinder drum type having a variable cylinder capacity.
  • a machine of this type has a rotatable shaft and a drive plate linked to piston and rod units received in the cylinders of the drum.
  • This invention concerns a split-shaft machine of the second kind in which: the ends of the rods of the piston and rod units are pivotally received in spherical sockets provided in the surface of the drive plate facing the drum; each piston and rod unit is formed with a longitudinal liquid flow duct extending from the ends of the rod to the piston head; a liquid flow duct extends through the drive plate from the base of each of the spherical sockets to the opposite surface of the plate; the opposite surface of the plate bears on a distribution plate which is fixed in rotation, extends around the shaft and is pierced with at least one liquid flow orifice opposite which the ducts in the drive plate terminate; and stationary liquid flow conduit means is connected to each distribution plate orifice.
  • a machine of the foregoing construction obviates the need for the rotating hydraulic seal required at the fluid inlet and outlet of the drum because the latter is of variable inclination.
  • the present invention aims to provide a reduction in the forces applied to the shaft bearings and thereby the possibility of operating at higher pressures than has previously been possible.
  • the shaft is rotatably mounted in the frame of the machine by at least one mechanical abutment, such as a conical roller bearing, which fixes the axial position of the shaft and the said opposite surface of the drive plate in the frame; and the distribution plate is non-rotatably mounted in an axially floating condition around the shaft so that, during operation of the machine, a hydraulic abutment is established between the said opposite surface of the drive plate and the adjacent face of the distrubition plate, the said hydraulic abutment reducing the force to which the mechanical abutment is subjected.
  • a mechanical abutment such as a conical roller bearing
  • the passages via which the liquid enters and leaves each cylinder take the form solely of the longitudinal duct in each corresponding piston and rod unit, i.e., there is a two-way flow of liquid in each of the latter ducts.
  • the flow of liquid on intake and on delivery is to and from each cylinder through the same duct, i.e., the one in the corresponding rod.
  • the stationary distribution plate is pierced with two liquid flow orifices (one for intake and one for delivery in the case of a pump) opposite which the ends of the ducts in the drive plate pass as the machine rotates.
  • each cylinder end is pierced with a liquid flow orifice each passing consecutively by a distribution orifice in the bearing plate (which is fixed in rotation but which can be inclined to the shaft axis to vary the cylinder capacity) on which that radial surface of the rotary drum which is near the cylinder ends bears in rotation in conventional manner.
  • the low-pressure liquid comes from or is collected in a stationary hermetic casing around the drum or barrel.
  • rotating inlet and outlet liquid seals are obviated.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a pump/motor according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view in longitudinal section of the same machine but in a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are partial views in section of two embodiments of piston and rod units.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial view in longitudinal section, and in the same plane as FIG. 1, of a constructional variant.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 can work as a pump or motor of variable cylinder capacity, the term “pump” will simply be used hereinafter, the term of course covering both forms of operation.
  • the pump according to the invention comprises the following elements which are conventional in known split shaft pumps; a shaft 2; a drive plate 4 rigidly secured and perpendicular thereto; a rotating drum or barrel 6 formed with a ring of cylinders 8, for instance seven cylinders; and piston and rod units 10 having spherical rod ends 12 pivotally received in correspondingly shaped recesses or sockets 14 in the plate surface which is near the drum 6.
  • Drum 6 is rotatably mounted on a pivot shaft 16 carried by a drum support plate 18 which is fixed in rotation but which can tilt in the direction indicated by an arrow F in FIG. 1 relative to the axis of shaft 2.
  • Plate 18 is carried by a yoke-like locking frame comprising two arms 20, 20' which can be seen in FIG. 2 and which pivot on two pivots 22, 22' extending along the axis YY' and borne by pump frame 24.
  • a universal synchronizing joint 26 is interposed between plate 4 and drum 6.
  • Each piston and rod unit 10 is hollow and has a longitudinal liquid flow duct 28 extending at one end into the cylinder via the piston head 30 and at the other end through the spherical head or end 12 of the rod.
  • each recess 14 the plate 4 is pierced with a liquid flow duct 32 which extends to that radial surface 34 of the drive plate which is opposite the surface formed with the spherical recesses 14.
  • the distribution plate 36 is formed with two orifices 44, 46 past which the ends of the orifices 32' prolonging the ducts 32 move when the machine rotates.
  • Two stationary ducts 48, 50 (FIG. 2) one for intake and one for delivery, are contrived in frame 24 and communicate with the respective orifices 44, 46 in the plate 36.
  • the shaft 2 and the drive plate 4 rigidly secured thereto are rotatably mounted in frame 24 by means of conical bearings 52, 54.
  • the rod ends 12 are pulled into engagement with their recesses 14 by a perforate plate 56.
  • Sliding push rods 58, 58' which can be seen in FIG. 1 and which bear on rollers 60, 60' on the locking frame 18, 20 of the drum serve to adjust the tilt of the drum relative to the axis of shaft 2 to vary the cylinder capacity of the machine.
  • the rods 58, 58' can be operated manually or hydraulically.
  • each plug 62 is formed with a narrow duct 65 and a chamber 66 for the production of a hydrostatic pad or cushion between the rotating drum and the bearing elements 64, 18 which are fixed in rotation; however, in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 there is no flow of liquid at this end of the cylinders 8 through the ducts 65 (disregarding leakages), the latter ducts serving merely as pressure take-offs.
  • this disadvantage is obviated by hydrostatic balancing of the shaft 2 by means of a floating mounting of the surface 36.
  • the distribution plate 36 which is retained in rotation by the pins or the like 38, acts like a ram and can move axially, e.g. by from 0.5 to 1 mm, relative to the pump casing to obviate a hydrostatic lift relative to the shaft bearing, so that the novel pump or motors can be operated at higher pressures than previously.
  • each piston and rod unit can take the form of two pierced balls (which can be made to great accuracy and at low cost), one ball forming the swivel of the rod end 12 and the other forming the end of piston 30, the balls being welded or brazed to the hollow rod 70.
  • This system experiences purely compression, tensile forces occurring only on intake at a low liquid pressure.
  • the spherical end 30 of the hollow rod 70 forming the rod has a segment for providing sealing tightness in the cylinder 8.
  • the segment takes the form of a short tubular member 72 having a central duct 74 which extends duct 28 of rod 70.
  • Duct 74 merges into a spherical recess 76 which is engaged over the spherical end 30 of the rod to form a swivel joint.
  • a sleeve 72' forming the segment is retained on the spherical head 30 of the rod by a split socket 78 whose split skirt 80 has a spherical external shape engaging and latching in the inside of head 30.
  • a swivel joint is therefore provided between the segment and the rod while providing an uninterrupted passage 28, 74 for the liquid to and from the cylinder 8.
  • hollow rods of large diameter for the sake of having large flow cross-sections for the oil and for the rods to have a good buckling strength.
  • drum tilt In conventional split-shaft pumps the drum tilt is usually limited to an angle of approximately 25°. According to the invention and although the rods are of large diameter, drum tilt can be up to 30° in the drum position shown in FIG. 1 for a 9-cylinder pump and 35° for a 7-cylinder pump.
  • ring seals 84 which are urged into engagement with the pump casing by springs 86 (FIG. 2).
  • two small rams 88 can be contrived in the thickness of the surface 36 (FIG. 1) and be cyclically energized by pressure oil through narrow ducts 90 when the ends 32' of the ducts 32 pass by the ducts 90, to apply the distribution plate 36 to the drive plate and completely balance piston thrust.
  • a pump such as the one described can be designed for a maximum pressure of 1000 bars with a rated pressure of 400 bars at a speed of 1500 rpm.
  • the most advantageous cylinder numbers are 7, 9 and 11.
  • a hollow-rod pump can be provided which requires no rotating hydraulic seal but in which the oil flow through the hollow rods and the ducts 32 of the drive plate is always in the same direction.
  • This construction, of use for pumps used on open circuit, is partially shown in FIG 5.
  • the pump parts not shown therein are identical to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the surface 36 is formed with only one distribution orifice 46 instead of two and there is only one oil flow duct 50 in the pump casing 24.
  • the ends of the cylinder 8 are not closed by plugs but have short tubular members 92 which are made of a low-friction metal and which are pierced with a wide passage 94.
  • the intermediate drum support plate 64 is pierced with an intake port or orifice 96 which is connected to a wide intake passage 98 in the plate 18.
  • the case 100 protecting the drum has an oil inlet 102.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
US06/045,240 1978-06-02 1979-06-04 Hydraulic machine of the multicylinder drum type Expired - Lifetime US4253381A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7816506 1978-06-02
FR7816506A FR2427486A1 (fr) 1978-06-02 1978-06-02 Pompe/moteur hydraulique multicylindrique a barillet, a cylindree variable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4253381A true US4253381A (en) 1981-03-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/045,240 Expired - Lifetime US4253381A (en) 1978-06-02 1979-06-04 Hydraulic machine of the multicylinder drum type

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4253381A (de)
JP (1) JPS54159702A (de)
DE (1) DE2921902A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2427486A1 (de)
GB (1) GB2022189B (de)
IT (1) IT1121323B (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001098659A1 (en) * 2000-06-20 2001-12-27 Folsom Technologies, Inc. Hydraulic pump and motor
US6505541B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-01-14 Sauer-Danfoss, Inc. Cooling arrangement for an inclined-axis variable displacement unit
US6520066B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-02-18 Sauer-Danfoss, Inc. Adjusting means for an axial piston machine of inclined-axis construction
US6604446B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-08-12 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Inclined-axis variable displacement unit
WO2005045247A1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2005-05-19 Holmer Maschinenbau Gmbh Axialkolbenmaschine
US20090111591A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Hydrostatic bent axis drive unit having a synchronizing joint for the angularly adjustable drive connection of a cylinder block to a driveshaft
US20150078923A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2015-03-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatic Axial Piston Machine
CN107278242A (zh) * 2014-11-08 2017-10-20 蒙尼有限公司 具有改进的摆动轴向缸体的液压机器
CN107388035A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-11-24 嵊州市科灵机械有限公司 大型滚筒的摆杆式输送管
CN111089040A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2020-05-01 丹佛斯动力系统有限责任两合公司 同步接头

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2619005A1 (de) * 1976-04-29 1977-11-10 Linde Ag Axialkolbenmaschine
DE10044785C2 (de) * 2000-09-11 2002-11-14 Sauer Danfoss Neumuenster Gmbh Kühleinrichtung für eine Schrägachsenverstelleinheit
DE102012222850A1 (de) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2397314A (en) * 1943-08-26 1946-03-26 Standard Machinery Company Pump or motor unit
FR1208256A (fr) * 1957-03-04 1960-02-23 Pompe ou moteur hydraulique à pistons et plateau oscillant
US3108543A (en) * 1959-06-23 1963-10-29 Licentia Gmbh Fluid motor or pump
US3168009A (en) * 1961-05-12 1965-02-02 Oilgear Co Hydraulic motor with tachometer shaft
GB1193704A (en) * 1967-08-02 1970-06-03 Lucas Industries Ltd Hydraulic Reciprocating Pumps or Motors
US3556683A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-01-19 Snecma Hydraulic pumps
GB1260293A (en) * 1968-03-15 1972-01-12 Lucas Industries Ltd Hydraulic pumps or motors
US3682046A (en) * 1969-04-30 1972-08-08 Alfa Romeo Spa Hydraulic pump having non-radial cylinders contained in a rotor
US3722372A (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-03-27 Gen Electric Hydraulic axial piston machine of the bent-axis type
US3796137A (en) * 1971-02-11 1974-03-12 Renzo Galdabin Rotary hydraulic machines
US4075933A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-02-28 Gresen Manufacturing Company Hydraulic pump or motor

Family Cites Families (8)

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US2146133A (en) * 1936-06-01 1939-02-07 Waterbury Tool Co Power transmission
US2661701A (en) * 1947-10-03 1953-12-08 Oilgear Co Axial type hydrodynamic machine
DE1030683B (de) * 1953-08-31 1958-05-22 Heinrich Ebert Dr Ing Hydrostatische Kolbenmaschine
GB809666A (en) * 1957-12-12 1959-02-25 Licentia Gmbh A swash-plate-type pump or engine
FR81671E (fr) * 1962-05-17 1963-10-25 Licentia Gmbh Machine à piston axial à cylindres séparés disposés sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre
FR1397039A (fr) * 1963-06-04 1965-04-23 Machine sans soupapes à pistons axiaux
FR1364997A (fr) * 1963-07-30 1964-06-26 Licentia Gmbh Machine hydraulique à piston axial à cylindres parallèles symétriques par rapport à l'axe
FR1372814A (fr) * 1963-10-04 1964-09-18 Lucas Industries Ltd Pompe, ou moteur, à fluide

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2397314A (en) * 1943-08-26 1946-03-26 Standard Machinery Company Pump or motor unit
FR1208256A (fr) * 1957-03-04 1960-02-23 Pompe ou moteur hydraulique à pistons et plateau oscillant
US3108543A (en) * 1959-06-23 1963-10-29 Licentia Gmbh Fluid motor or pump
US3168009A (en) * 1961-05-12 1965-02-02 Oilgear Co Hydraulic motor with tachometer shaft
GB1193704A (en) * 1967-08-02 1970-06-03 Lucas Industries Ltd Hydraulic Reciprocating Pumps or Motors
US3556683A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-01-19 Snecma Hydraulic pumps
GB1260293A (en) * 1968-03-15 1972-01-12 Lucas Industries Ltd Hydraulic pumps or motors
US3682046A (en) * 1969-04-30 1972-08-08 Alfa Romeo Spa Hydraulic pump having non-radial cylinders contained in a rotor
US3722372A (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-03-27 Gen Electric Hydraulic axial piston machine of the bent-axis type
US3796137A (en) * 1971-02-11 1974-03-12 Renzo Galdabin Rotary hydraulic machines
US4075933A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-02-28 Gresen Manufacturing Company Hydraulic pump or motor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001098659A1 (en) * 2000-06-20 2001-12-27 Folsom Technologies, Inc. Hydraulic pump and motor
CN100383387C (zh) * 2000-06-20 2008-04-23 福尔松技术公司 液压泵和马达
US6505541B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-01-14 Sauer-Danfoss, Inc. Cooling arrangement for an inclined-axis variable displacement unit
US6520066B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-02-18 Sauer-Danfoss, Inc. Adjusting means for an axial piston machine of inclined-axis construction
US6604446B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-08-12 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Inclined-axis variable displacement unit
WO2005045247A1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2005-05-19 Holmer Maschinenbau Gmbh Axialkolbenmaschine
US20090111591A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Hydrostatic bent axis drive unit having a synchronizing joint for the angularly adjustable drive connection of a cylinder block to a driveshaft
US20150078923A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2015-03-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatic Axial Piston Machine
US9644617B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2017-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatic axial piston machine
CN107278242A (zh) * 2014-11-08 2017-10-20 蒙尼有限公司 具有改进的摆动轴向缸体的液压机器
CN107388035A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-11-24 嵊州市科灵机械有限公司 大型滚筒的摆杆式输送管
CN107388035B (zh) * 2017-08-15 2023-07-07 嵊州市科灵机械有限公司 大型滚筒的摆杆式输送管
CN111089040A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2020-05-01 丹佛斯动力系统有限责任两合公司 同步接头

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2921902A1 (de) 1979-12-13
GB2022189A (en) 1979-12-12
IT7923230A0 (it) 1979-06-01
JPS54159702A (en) 1979-12-17
FR2427486A1 (fr) 1979-12-28
IT1121323B (it) 1986-04-02
FR2427486B1 (de) 1982-01-15
GB2022189B (en) 1982-08-11

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AS Assignment

Owner name: CENTRE TECHNIQUE DES INDUSTRIES MECANIQUES, FRANCE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WARTELLE CLAUDE;REEL/FRAME:003810/0574

Effective date: 19790514