US4263641A - Reflector for lighting and/or indicator devices especially for vehicles - Google Patents

Reflector for lighting and/or indicator devices especially for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US4263641A
US4263641A US05/958,468 US95846878A US4263641A US 4263641 A US4263641 A US 4263641A US 95846878 A US95846878 A US 95846878A US 4263641 A US4263641 A US 4263641A
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United States
Prior art keywords
axis
reflector
symmetry
frusto
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/958,468
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English (en)
Inventor
Giorgio Ferrero
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fiat Auto SpA
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Fiat Auto SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fiat Auto SpA filed Critical Fiat Auto SpA
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Publication of US4263641A publication Critical patent/US4263641A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/12—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of emitted light
    • F21S41/125—Coloured light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/50—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
    • F21S41/55—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
    • F21S43/31—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S43/315—Optical layout thereof using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/39—Attachment thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reflector, and particularly to a reflector suitable for the headlamps, side lights and/or the indicator lights of a motor vehicle.
  • reflectors are made of non-transparent materials, such as metal, for example steel or anodised aluminum, which are varnished or plated, for example chronium plated, to provide a smooth reflective surface.
  • metal for example steel or anodised aluminum
  • varnished or plated for example chronium plated
  • the present invention seeks, therefore, to provide a reflector in which the aforementioned disadvantages are overcome, the reflector being made of a transparent material, such as, for example, glass or plastics material which does not require further treatment once formed and which is not significantly attacked by corrosive atmospheric agents.
  • Reflectors made as embodiments of the present invention can be of lower cost than conventional reflectors in that they require no operations other than moulding.
  • the fixing to the body of such reflectors can be made much simpler than the fixing of conventional metal reflectors since plastics material especially is more versatile than metal, it being possible to provide it with ribbing and/or bosses to facilitate mounting.
  • a reflector for a lamp such as a motor vehicle lamp, is characterised in that it comprises a body of transparent material on at least one surface of which there are provided a plurality of circular ridges or grooves of generally triangular cross section defined by two sets of surfaces inclined with respect to one another.
  • Embodiments of the present invention being made of transparent material through which light passes upon reflection, can also serve at the same time as a colour filter to change the colour of the light emitted by a lamp bulb situated within the lamp of which the reflector forms part.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that, if embodiments are made of plastics material, which is an insulator, the reflector itself can serve as a support for contacts or lampholders, or alternatively the body itself of the lamp of which the reflector forms part can be made of the same transparent material as the reflector.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a reflector formed as a first embodiment of the invention adapted for use as a motor vehicle headlamp;
  • FIG. 2 is a detail view of certain elements of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown a bulb 2 for producing light and a reflector 4 formed as an embodiment of the invention, this reflector being generally paraboloid in form.
  • the optical axis of the lamp 2 and the reflector 4 is indicated by a line 6 passing through the centre of the bulb 2.
  • the inner surface 8 of the reflector 4 is formed with a plurality of concentric circular ridges of triangular cross section for the purpose of producing a reflection effect similar to that previously produced by metalisation of the inner surface of the paraboloid body in reflectors of known type.
  • Each circular ridge of triangular cross section is defined by two surfaces some of which are indicated in FIG. 2 by the reference numerals 10, 12 and 14, indicating surfaces facing radially inwardly towards the bulb 2, and 16, 18, 20 indicating surfaces facing generally away from the bulb 2.
  • the surfaces 10, 12, 14 of the ridges, which face towards the bulb 2 each form part of a family of generally cylindrical surfaces, the common axis of which is coincident with the optical axis 6 of the lamp and reflector.
  • the other surfaces 16, 18, 20 of the ridges, which face generally away from the bulb are each part of respective conical surfaces each of which has its apex in proximity to the filament of the bulb and its axis substantially coincident with the optical axis of the lamp and reflector.
  • a transparent element 26 Across the wide end of the paraboloid reflector 4 is a transparent element 26 through which passes light from the bulb and reflector in use of the lamp.
  • the position of the bulb must be such that the angle of incidence on the surface 10 is such that the ray of light 24, having been refracted into the reflector, reaches the outer surface 9 of the reflector at an angle of incidence greater than the value of the critical angle, so that the ray undergoes internal reflection at this outer surface 9 and is directed back through the thickness of the reflector towards the other surface 16 of the triangular section ridge on which it was incident.
  • the light ray 24 arrives at the surface 16 its angle of incidence thereto is less than the critical angle, and it is therefore refracted as it passes the surface 16 travelling towards the interior of the headlamp itself.
  • All rays of light incident on the surface 10 will follow a similar path except for those very close to the surface 16 before reflection at the surface 9 and these will pass out through the surface 18 of the adjacent ridge and therefore will not be exactly parallel to the optical axis 6: however, this will affect only a small proportion of the light and the inclination from the required path will be very slight, light rays incident on the other cylindrical surfaces of the reflector will follow similar paths, undergoing total internal reflection at the surface 9 and being refracted onto a path parallel to, or at least substantially parallel to the optical axis of the paraboloid reflector body.
  • the light rays emitted by the lamp illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 thus emerge all substantially parallel to the optical axis through the transparent element 26.
  • the reflector 4 By making the reflector 4 of a suitably coloured material it can serve also both as a reflector and as a light colour changer. This is particularly beneficial in circumstances where changing the colour of the light cannot be effected by colouring the outer transparent element 26 of the lamp, for aesthetic or for type approval reasons.
  • the reflector 4 is of a light blue colour
  • the transparent element 26 is colourless and the lamp bulb 2 tends to a yellow colour
  • the integration of all these elements leads to the production of a light emerging from the transparent element 26 having a perfectly white colour, with a continuous, linear spectrum over a wide wavelength band.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
US05/958,468 1977-05-10 1978-11-07 Reflector for lighting and/or indicator devices especially for vehicles Expired - Lifetime US4263641A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT68045/77A IT1083262B (it) 1977-05-10 1977-05-10 Riflettore per dispositivo di illuminazione e o segnalazione particolarmente per veicoli

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4263641A true US4263641A (en) 1981-04-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/958,468 Expired - Lifetime US4263641A (en) 1977-05-10 1978-11-07 Reflector for lighting and/or indicator devices especially for vehicles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4263641A (it)
DE (1) DE2819539C2 (it)
FR (1) FR2390673A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1598038A (it)
IT (1) IT1083262B (it)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4451875A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-05-29 Manville Service Corporation Poster panel lighting fixture
US4510560A (en) * 1981-04-20 1985-04-09 Masataka Negishi Device for controlling light images
WO1999013266A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-18 Simon Jerome H Architectural lighting distributed from contained radially collimated light and compact efficient luminaires
US6536921B1 (en) 1993-01-21 2003-03-25 Jerome H. Simon Architectural lighting distributed from contained radially collimated light and compact efficient luminaires
US20040141323A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-07-22 Jean-Pierre Aynie Indicator lamp comprising an optical device for recovering and distributing the light flux towards an annular reflector
US20050270781A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-08 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
US20070041198A1 (en) * 2005-08-18 2007-02-22 Volker Teichmann Lamp assembly having a reflected component
US20070070632A1 (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-29 Semperlux Ag Assembly for directed shading of outside lighting
US20070074468A1 (en) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-05 Paul Jaster Tubular skylight dome with variable prism
US20070258052A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Benq Corporation Image forming apparatus and light-shielding device thereof
US7600894B1 (en) 2005-12-07 2009-10-13 Simon Jerome H Luminaires and optics for control and distribution of multiple quasi point source light sources such as LEDs
US20110292670A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicular lamp
US20120240976A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Hung-Pin Kuo Light assembly
US8356914B2 (en) 2005-12-07 2013-01-22 Simon Jerome H Luminaires and optics for control and distribution of multiple quasi point source light sources such as LEDs

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2912521A1 (de) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE3004422C2 (de) * 1980-02-07 1988-09-29 Sidler Gmbh & Co, 7400 Tuebingen Parabolreflektor
DE3004412A1 (de) * 1980-02-07 1981-08-13 Sidler GmbH & Co, 7400 Tübingen Kugelreflektor
FR2501336B1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1986-02-28 Cibie Projecteurs Ensemble d'emission de lumiere pour vehicules automobiles
FR2501828B1 (fr) * 1981-03-16 1986-03-07 Cibie Projecteurs Perfectionnements aux feux de vehicules automobiles
EP0097449B1 (en) * 1982-06-19 1986-04-09 Britax Vega Limited Vehicle lamp assembly
DE3836382A1 (de) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Schalenfoermiger reflektor fuer einen fahrzeugscheinwerfer
FR2653206B1 (fr) * 1989-10-12 1994-02-18 Valeo Vision Feu de signalisation a reflecteur, notamment feu antibrouillard arriere.
DE9108782U1 (de) * 1991-07-17 1991-09-19 Hella KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt Blende
JP2601713Y2 (ja) * 1992-03-13 1999-12-06 株式会社キャットアイ 照明装置
DE19700845B4 (de) * 1997-01-13 2006-05-11 Koito Mfg. Co., Ltd. Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer
DE19829145A1 (de) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-20 Volkswagen Ag Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge
ITTO20030801A1 (it) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-15 Fiat Ricerche Perfezionamenti negli apparecchi di illuminazione.
DE102006029412B4 (de) * 2006-06-27 2013-09-19 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Kraftfahrzeugleuchte
DE102022116440A1 (de) 2022-07-01 2024-01-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Rückstrahleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere für einen Kraftwagen, sowie Kraftfahrzeug

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1570503A (en) * 1925-09-30 1926-01-19 Anton F Kralicek Headlight
US2015235A (en) * 1933-11-03 1935-09-24 Holophane Co Inc Prismatic light controlling device and method of making the same
GB515651A (en) * 1938-06-23 1939-12-11 Holophane Ltd Improvements in refractors for street lighting and other purposes
US2686255A (en) * 1950-06-22 1954-08-10 Corning Glass Works Street lamp
US3527974A (en) * 1966-10-17 1970-09-08 George D Cooper Reflector for producing a color corrected light column

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR389305A (fr) * 1908-04-16 1908-09-05 Rheinische Glashuetten Actien Abat-jour réflecteur en verre ou cristal
FR12348E (fr) * 1908-05-13 1910-08-29 Otis Angelo Mygatt Perfectionnements apportés à la confection des articles de verrerie
CH44728A (fr) * 1908-08-31 1909-09-01 Boleslas Bronislawski Abat-jour
AT93018B (de) * 1920-11-06 1923-06-11 William Asbony Dorey Vorrichtung für indirekte Beleuchtung.
CH115818A (de) * 1925-04-06 1926-07-16 Guss U Tafelglashuetten Aktien Prismenreflektor, insbesondere für Sturmlaternen.
GB315114A (en) * 1928-07-31 1929-07-11 Holophane Ltd Improvements in illuminating appliances
CH186375A (de) * 1935-05-03 1936-09-15 Foltzer Joseph Glasreflektor an Lampen.
GB531185A (en) * 1939-06-29 1940-12-31 George William Rawlings Improvements in electric lamps
DE1074527C2 (de) * 1957-10-07 1963-10-10 Ste Les Piles Wonder Reflektor aus durchsichtigem Stoff für Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsausstrahlung
DE1093685C2 (de) * 1958-01-24 1962-12-06 Westfaelische Metall Industrie Mit einem Rückstrahler vereinigte Fahrzeugleuchte, deren Lichtquelle mit einem Reflektor hinterlegt ist
GB879150A (en) * 1959-06-17 1961-10-04 Lucas Industries Ltd Lenses for vehicle lamps
FR1269171A (fr) * 1960-06-16 1961-08-11 Rene Chatelain Ets Phare perfectionné
FR2169740B1 (it) * 1972-01-31 1976-07-09 Cibie Projecteurs
DE2615446A1 (de) * 1976-04-09 1977-10-20 Zimmermann Kg Rudolf Stufenspiegel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1570503A (en) * 1925-09-30 1926-01-19 Anton F Kralicek Headlight
US2015235A (en) * 1933-11-03 1935-09-24 Holophane Co Inc Prismatic light controlling device and method of making the same
GB515651A (en) * 1938-06-23 1939-12-11 Holophane Ltd Improvements in refractors for street lighting and other purposes
US2686255A (en) * 1950-06-22 1954-08-10 Corning Glass Works Street lamp
US3527974A (en) * 1966-10-17 1970-09-08 George D Cooper Reflector for producing a color corrected light column

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4510560A (en) * 1981-04-20 1985-04-09 Masataka Negishi Device for controlling light images
US4451875A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-05-29 Manville Service Corporation Poster panel lighting fixture
US6536921B1 (en) 1993-01-21 2003-03-25 Jerome H. Simon Architectural lighting distributed from contained radially collimated light and compact efficient luminaires
WO1999013266A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-18 Simon Jerome H Architectural lighting distributed from contained radially collimated light and compact efficient luminaires
US20040141323A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-07-22 Jean-Pierre Aynie Indicator lamp comprising an optical device for recovering and distributing the light flux towards an annular reflector
US6953271B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2005-10-11 Valeo Vision Indicator lamp comprising an optical device for recovering and distributing the light flux towards an annular reflector
US20050270781A1 (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-08 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
US7178947B2 (en) 2004-06-04 2007-02-20 Dale Marks Lighting device with elliptical fresnel mirror
US20070041198A1 (en) * 2005-08-18 2007-02-22 Volker Teichmann Lamp assembly having a reflected component
US7470045B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2008-12-30 Semperlux Ag Assembly for directed shading of outside lighting
US20070070632A1 (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-29 Semperlux Ag Assembly for directed shading of outside lighting
US20070074468A1 (en) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-05 Paul Jaster Tubular skylight dome with variable prism
US7546709B2 (en) * 2005-10-03 2009-06-16 Solatube International, Inc. Tubular skylight dome with variable prism
US7600894B1 (en) 2005-12-07 2009-10-13 Simon Jerome H Luminaires and optics for control and distribution of multiple quasi point source light sources such as LEDs
US8356914B2 (en) 2005-12-07 2013-01-22 Simon Jerome H Luminaires and optics for control and distribution of multiple quasi point source light sources such as LEDs
US20070258052A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-08 Benq Corporation Image forming apparatus and light-shielding device thereof
US20110292670A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicular lamp
US8579485B2 (en) * 2010-06-01 2013-11-12 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicular lamp
US20120240976A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Hung-Pin Kuo Light assembly
US8944642B2 (en) * 2011-03-25 2015-02-03 B&M Optics Co., Ltd. Light assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2390673B1 (it) 1982-06-11
DE2819539C2 (de) 1983-07-07
FR2390673A1 (fr) 1978-12-08
GB1598038A (en) 1981-09-16
IT1083262B (it) 1985-05-21
DE2819539A1 (de) 1978-11-16

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