US436670A - Baker s oven - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. B. MoPADDEN.

BAKERS OVEN. No. 466,670. Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets sheet 2. T. B. MOPADDEN.

BAKERS OVEN.

No. 486,670. Patented Sept. 16, 1890-. J; 82w

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS B. MOFADDEN, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,670, dated September 16, 1890.

Application filed February 11,1890. Serial No. 339,930- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS B. MOFADDEN, a resident of Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention involves devices for at will separating a large oven into various compartments and for quickly filling or emptying an oven without material loss of heat. By the use of these devices an indefinite number of loaves of bread maybe simultaneously placed upon the bottom of the oven, and if it be desired to fill the oven with pies or other articles of liquid or semi-liquid character an indefinite number of such articles may also be placed in position without danger of the spilling that usually occurs in such cases.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of an oven involving my invention, the upper part or arch being removed to show the bottom. Fig. 2 is a partial elevation looking in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged side elevation showing the construction of the track within the oven. Fig. 4 is an end view of the same track, certain cars carrying pans being in position thereon. Fig. 5 shows a slight modification of the devices resting upon the track. Fig. 6 is an enlarged partial elevation showing the construe tion in the modified form illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a front or rear view of the oven, showing the sliding doors. Fig. 8 is a section on the line as as, Fig. 7.

In the drawings, A A are the brick walls of areotangular oven, and B is the floor of the same.

The combustion-chamber and flues are without novelty, and are not illustrated.

Upon two opposite sides of the bakingchamber are openings extending laterally the full width of the chamber and vertically to a suitable height above the oven-bottom.

. They are closed by a series of iron doors 0,

jaoent doors as guides, may be raised separately, or all may be raised at once, leaving the opening unobstructd for the whole width of the oven and to any desired height above the bottom thereof. A bar D or other suitable device prevents their swinging outward.

Upon the bottom of the oven are placed parallel tracks E, each pair of rails being preferably placed opposite one of the doors, just within the plane of which the rails terminate. Upon each of these rails rests a secondary rail F, which is connected to the one beneath it by links G after the manner of a parallel ruler. The links may be pivoted to the sides of the rails; but I prefer mortising the rails to receive the link ends. When the upper rails rest directly upon those beneath them, the links stand at an angle of about forty-five degrees, as shown. The first or front link extends downward through and beyond the lower rail, where its lower end engages a threaded bar H, operated by a crank H on the front of the oven. The bars H of each pair of rails may, if desired, be connected to rotate simultaneously. M Evidently if these bars be advanced inward the links act as levers and all parts of the rails are raised equally, while by a contrary motion of the screw the upper rails are lowered gradually till they rest upon the primary rails E.

Upon the upper rails F rests a frame I, of iron, it being supported by intermediate grooved wheels J, mounted upon its sides. Baking-pans K are riveted together in sets and placed in this frame or car, the rims or flanges at their upper edges resting upon the upper edge of the frame.

In" practice the parts are so proportioned that the bottom of the pans are slightly above the bottom of the oven when the links are I vertical, and if the lower ends of the front links be drawn forward by the screw the pans will all be gently lowered to rest upon the bottom of the oven. When the baking is complete, a contrary motion of the screw raises the upper track, frame, and pans, and the frame and pans may then be readily re moved from the oven. Alip L extends along the front of the oven just beneath all the doors, and upon this rests the end of a movable frame consisting of two parallel rails E, connected by suitable light ties M. The

frame is supported at the other end by any suitable rest parallel to the lip L. As shown, this rest is a part of the Wall of an adjacent room, where the bread is prepared for the oven and placed in the sets of pans-a convenient arrangement, but not indispensable, as a trestle or horse may be used to support the outer end of the track-frame. The lip is so placed that the tops of the rails E are flush with the tops of the rails F when the latter are raised, and therefore the wheeled frame or car slides readily from either set of rails to the'other. The rail-frame may be pushed along the lip L and be made to register with any set of rails F, the number of sets depending upon the size of the oven, and thus one man, raising the doors in succession just far enough to allow the loaded frame'to pass in, may quickly fill the whole omitted. ent toward the bottom, and in the outer of the oven. Where the number of employs will warrant, there may be a track E for each door, when, all the doors being raised at once, the whole oven maybe filled in afew seconds. The doors upon the opposite side of the oven are arranged in the same way, and if circumstances make it desirable the bread may be removed upon that side, rails like the rails E being provided upon that side also.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the oven is shown as long enough to receive two cars like the one shown in position; but it may be longer, and, in fact, of any length desired, if the combustionchambers be so arranged that all parts can be evenly heated. In case a large number are thus used upon each track, the cars are connected in any suitable manner, and the number of links is increased to give proper support to the rails. The power of the screw is sufficient to raise any number of cars that it would ever be desirable to use.

Where shallow pans filled with liquid or semi-liquid material are to be placed in the oven, they are so supported in the frame that they maybe at the same distance from the bottom of the oven as the pans shown in the drawings, when, as before, any number may be introduced and lowered into place without danger of the spilling usually attending their insertion by hand; and if any of the articles to be baked require to be shielded from the direct heat of the oven the necessary shields maybe placed in position before the articles are introduced, and the whole structure may then be passed in and lowered with the same facility as before.

Fig. 4 shows the rail E broad enough to support two rails F for the wheels of two adjacent cars constructed as already set forth. This construction causes a littlewaste of space in the oven. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a construction that avoids such waste and makes it possible to completely cover the bottom of the oven with pans. As before, the pans are fastened together in sets and inclosed by a band of iron; but the car or wheel frame is The pans are necessarily conver spaces due to this convergence the wheels are placed, being supported by bearings P, secured to the adjacent pan-walls. A single rail E, bearing the secondary rail F, is then placed in position to receive each set of wheels that is, at a distance equal to the width of one pan from the edge of the set, and as there is then nothing projecting beyond such edge the sets may be as close together as is desired.

It is often desirable to bake entirely different classes of goods at the same time, and these should be kept separate to secure the best results. I therefore separate the oven in such cases, so as to have one or more sets of track in a distinct compartment. This is done by sliding into the oven a metal plate R, the top and bottom of the oven being provided with grooves S in the same vertical plane. the lower track E is a part of the bottom of the oven, and when it is placed in the position indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 the groove for the lower edge of the partition-plate is made in this track instead of in the bottom proper. A single pan may evidently replace each set, and if the bottom of this pan be of soapstone, fire-brick, or the like the bread is practically baked in direct contact with the bottom of the oven, or is oven-bottom bread, a variety for which there is a constant de mand, but which is not at present in favor with bakers, because of the difficulty of properly cleaning the bottom of the oven both before and after baking it, and also on account of the extra work in filling and emptying the oven.

hat I claim is-- 1. In a bakers oven,the combination, with a baking-chamber and a combustion-space beneath the bottom thereof, of a verticallyadjustable track within said chamber, and a car moving upon. said track to carry into the chamber material to be baked, said track bein g adj ustable through a vertical distance not less than the normal distance of the loads above the bottom of the chamber.

2. In a bakers oven, the combination, with a baking-chamber and a combustion-space beneath the bottom thereof, of a track resting upon the bottom of the chamber, abroadconveying car movable upon said track, and means whereby the load borne by the car may be vertically adjusted to rest upon the bottom of the chamber or to be suspended above it upon the car.

3. The combination, with an oven, of a series of vertically-sliding doors laterally tongued and grooved together directly, whereby each door forms a guide for the adjacent ones and whereby when all are raised the entire 0pen ing into the'baking-chamber is unobstructed.

4:- The combination, with the oven, of the primary and secondary rails connected by oscillating links, one of which projects below the primary rail, and a screw connected to the lower end of said projecting link to carry So far as this purpose is concerned,

between said primary and secondary rails,

whereby swinging the links in the proper direction may cause said pans to rest directly upon the bottom of the oven.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

THOMAS E. MGFADDEN.

Witnesses:

WALLACE GREENE, H. B, ZEvELY.

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