US4415530A - Nickel-base welding alloy - Google Patents

Nickel-base welding alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
US4415530A
US4415530A US06/205,616 US20561680A US4415530A US 4415530 A US4415530 A US 4415530A US 20561680 A US20561680 A US 20561680A US 4415530 A US4415530 A US 4415530A
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United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
bal
nickel
welding
arc
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Expired - Lifetime
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US06/205,616
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English (en)
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James P. Hunt
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Huntington Alloys Corp
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Huntington Alloys Corp
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Assigned to HUNTINGTON ALLOYS, INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment HUNTINGTON ALLOYS, INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HUNT JAMES P.
Priority to US06/205,616 priority Critical patent/US4415530A/en
Priority to DE8181305246T priority patent/DE3166360D1/de
Priority to EP81305246A priority patent/EP0051979B1/de
Priority to AT81305246T priority patent/ATE9551T1/de
Priority to CA000389746A priority patent/CA1184401A/en
Priority to JP56179566A priority patent/JPS57154396A/ja
Publication of US4415530A publication Critical patent/US4415530A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL, INC. reassignment INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL, INC. RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION Assignors: HUNTINGTON ALLOYS, INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to HUNTINGTON ALLOYS CORPORATION reassignment HUNTINGTON ALLOYS CORPORATION RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CREDIT LYONNAIS, NEW YORK BRANCH, AS AGENT
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the art of welding in general and more particularly to an alloy especially adapted for nickel-base alloy welding.
  • Nickel-base alloys have long enjoyed considerable usage as structural materials and have been found to be particularly advantageous when employed in high temperature environments such as those associated with nuclear reactors, jet engines and the like. These nickel alloys exhibit excellent high temperature strength characteristics as well as high resistance to the fluctuating stresses and shock experienced at elevated temperatures. Moreover, many nickel-base alloys are highly resistant to corrosion normally associated with a wide variety of hot gases and corrosive liquids.
  • INCONEL alloy 618 a high temperature resistant nickel-base alloy
  • INCONEL alloy 618 a high temperature resistant nickel-base alloy
  • INCONEL alloy 618 a high temperature resistant nickel-base alloy
  • INCONEL alloy 618 a high temperature resistant nickel-base alloy
  • ICONEL is a trademark of the Inco family of companies.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,153,455 for a complete description of the alloy and its properties. Suffice it to say, this alloy exhibits an excellent combination of high temperature strength and oxidation resistance characteristics. Indeed, it was initially developed to provide structural stability and weldability for High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) applications.
  • HTGR High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor
  • any alloy selected should be suitable for welding with all major arc-welding processes, e.g., gas tungsten-arc, gas metal-arc, submerged-arc, and be capable of producing sound welded joints under conditions imposing severe restraint and difficult parameters for both thin and heavy section welds. It is also desirable that the alloy be suitable for use as a core wire in a covered electrode.
  • composition filler material While sound welds may be made in many instances with matching composition filler material, industry prefers that continuous, high deposition-rate welding processes be employed; said processes requiring however, that the filler metal be readily workable to forms such as wire. Cast filler materials for high production rate welding processes are not economically feasible and it is essential that the filler material be at least hot workable in order to afford the advantages of continuous welding processes. More advantageously, the alloy should also be cold workable, allowing the alloy to be formed to thin cross-sections, e.g., wire, which is the form predominantly used in continuous high deposition-rate welding processes.
  • INCONEL alloy 618 (as well as any other alloy) is ultimately joined to something, an attempt was made to develop a welding electrode using the alloy itself as the core wire. Accordingly, standard production INCONEL alloy 618 was utilized as the core wire for the electrode. In this manner, the problems and costs normally associated with producing a new electrode were, hopefully, to be eliminated.
  • the goal was to develop a welding electrode having a deposit that exhibited the same tensile stress, rupture and oxidation properties as those of the underlying wrought alloy product. Moreover, it was expected that the resulting electrode would exhibit good operability and produce sound weldments.
  • the alloy is compatible with INCONEL alloy 618 in that it exhibits similar strength and stability properties.
  • manganese, molybdenum and columbium provides a composition that exhibits a resistance to fissuring which enables defect-free welds to be made with various welding processes.
  • the FIGURE is a creep curve for one embodiment of the invention.
  • INCONEL alloy 618 was developed with the objective of providing high temperature strength, structural stability and weldability suitable for use in the High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) program.
  • the alloy has an approximate composition of 50-60% nickel, 22-28% chromium, 3-9% tungsten, 0.05% aluminum, 0.35% titanium and the balance consisting of assorted trace elements.
  • the invention claimed herein provides fissure-free welds, when used in gas tungsten-arc welding (commonly designated as GTAW or TIG) and gas metal-arc welding (commonly designated as GMAW or MIG) processes.
  • GTAW gas tungsten-arc welding
  • GMAW gas metal-arc welding
  • the resulting welds exhibit corresponding room temperature tensile and stress rupture properties to those exhibited by INCONEL alloy 618.
  • the alloy may be employed in both bare wire and coated electrode forms.
  • Manganese aids in the reduction of fissuring but in the interest of stress-rupture life, manganese should be limited to levels up to about 3%. Molybdenum was usually added to alloys in the past because it was believed that it merely imported a tolerance for other elements, i.e., boron, that might detrimentally affect the weldability characteristics of the resulting alloy. However, from testing the alloy, it is now believed that molybdenum also aids in the fissure resistant characteristics of the alloy. Columbium, like manganese, has been acknowledged to improve the fissure resistant properties of selected nickel-base alloys.
  • Table 2 highlights the average differences in composition between alloy 618 and the instant invention.
  • HF heats 6947, 6987 and 6988 bracket the desired composition of the modification. These compositions were used to make gas metal-arc welds which were free from fissures. Gas tungsten-arc welds and coated electrode welds were also made successfully with HF heats 6987 and 6988.
  • Table 4 shows the results of testing three one hundred pound (45.36 kg) heats that were processed to 0.062" (0.15 cm) spooled wire and 0.125" (0.32 cm) straight lengths. Three processes were used to make the welds; gas tungsten-arc (GTAW), gas metal-arc (GMAW) and shielded metal-arc (SMAW) (coated electrode).
  • GTAW gas tungsten-arc
  • GMAW gas metal-arc
  • SMAW shielded metal-arc
  • Heat HF 6947 probably represents the lowest acceptable combination of chromium, molybdenum and columbium whereas heat HF 6988 probably represents the highest acceptable combination of these alloying elements. Heat HF 6987 represents an acceptable mid-range alloy.
  • the tensile strength ranged from 103.3 ksi (712 MPa) to 118.8 ksi (819 MPa).
  • the stress rupture life ranged from 51.2 to 205.3 hours.
  • the low levels of carbon, chromium, molybdenum, columbium and tungsten in HF 6947 were reflected in the low strength and rupture life of the heat.
  • the high levels of these elements in HF 6988 increased its properties, and lowered the elongation to the 30% range.
  • the shielded metal-arc results were borderline at 31.4%, and the bare wire welds were higher at 39.6% and 39.9%.
  • the impact strength of a gas tungsten-arc weld made with the intermediate composition HV 3567 was determined after exposure at 1500° F. (801° C.) and 1800° F. (968° C.) for 100 hours.
  • the as-welded strength was 99.3 foot-pounds (135 joules). See Table 5.
  • the strength dropped to 88.8 ft-lbs (120 joules), and at 1800° F. (968° C.) it was 93.0 ft-lbs (126 joules).
  • the structural changes at 1500° F. (801° C.) are more damaging than at 1800° F. (968° C.), but the decrease in impact strength is considered minimal.
  • a creep-rupture test was performed on an all-weld-metal sample of heats HV 3567 and HV 3568 at 1832° F. (986° C.) and at 1500 psi (10.3 MPa). The figure shows the resulting strain curve of the sample under these test conditions. The resulting creep rate was 0.000055 inches/hr (0.014 mm/hr.)
  • the room temperature tensile strength, stress-rupture life and creep rate of the modified alloy filler metal and core wire composition are comparable to the base metal properties. It should be appreciated that the invention may be employed as a filler metal for non-INCONEL alloy 618 applications as well.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
US06/205,616 1980-11-10 1980-11-10 Nickel-base welding alloy Expired - Lifetime US4415530A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/205,616 US4415530A (en) 1980-11-10 1980-11-10 Nickel-base welding alloy
DE8181305246T DE3166360D1 (en) 1980-11-10 1981-11-04 Nickel-base welding alloy
EP81305246A EP0051979B1 (de) 1980-11-10 1981-11-04 Schweisslegierung auf Nickelbasis
AT81305246T ATE9551T1 (de) 1980-11-10 1981-11-04 Schweisslegierung auf nickelbasis.
CA000389746A CA1184401A (en) 1980-11-10 1981-11-09 Nickel-base welding alloy
JP56179566A JPS57154396A (en) 1980-11-10 1981-11-09 Nickel base welding alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/205,616 US4415530A (en) 1980-11-10 1980-11-10 Nickel-base welding alloy

Publications (1)

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US4415530A true US4415530A (en) 1983-11-15

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US (1) US4415530A (de)
EP (1) EP0051979B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57154396A (de)
AT (1) ATE9551T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1184401A (de)
DE (1) DE3166360D1 (de)

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4673123A (en) * 1982-10-06 1987-06-16 Nippon Welding Rod Co., Ltd. Filler for welding a heat resistant nickel-base alloy
US5533077A (en) * 1993-10-25 1996-07-02 General Electric Company Method for preventing scratches on fuel rods during fuel bundle assembly
US6447716B1 (en) * 1998-12-01 2002-09-10 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Welding electrode made of a nickel-based alloy and the corresponding alloy
US20070290591A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-20 Lykowski James D Electrode for an Ignition Device
US20100136368A1 (en) * 2006-08-08 2010-06-03 Huntington Alloys Corporation Welding alloy and articles for use in welding, weldments and method for producing weldments
US20110142713A1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2011-06-16 Kenji Kawasaki WELDING MATERIALS FOR Ni-BASED ALLOY
US20120110848A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-10 United Technologies Corporation Low and extra low sulfur alloys for repair
US20120267420A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-10-25 Justin Lee Cheney Fine grained ni-based alloys for resistance to stress corrosion cracking and methods for their design
CN103100801A (zh) * 2012-12-20 2013-05-15 贵州航天凯宏科技有限责任公司 一种高强高韧低合金调质压力容器钢用自动埋弧横焊焊丝
US20130309000A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 General Electric Comapny Hybrid laser arc welding process and apparatus
CN103949801A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种焊丝
CN103949799A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝
CN103949807A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝的制备方法
CN103949798A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种成材率较高的镍基合金焊丝的制备方法
CN103949800A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种由Cr28Ni48W5镍基合金制成的焊丝
CN103949806A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种焊丝的制备方法
CN103962747A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-08-06 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种直径小于3mm的镍基合金焊丝
US9403241B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2016-08-02 Stoody Company Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron
RU2602570C1 (ru) * 2015-05-20 2016-11-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") Присадочный материал на основе никеля
US9738959B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2017-08-22 Scoperta, Inc. Non-magnetic metal alloy compositions and applications
US9802387B2 (en) 2013-11-26 2017-10-31 Scoperta, Inc. Corrosion resistant hardfacing alloy
US10100388B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-10-16 Scoperta, Inc. Coating compositions
US10105796B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2018-10-23 Scoperta, Inc. Chromium free and low-chromium wear resistant alloys
US10173290B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2019-01-08 Scoperta, Inc. Crack resistant hardfacing alloys
US10329647B2 (en) 2014-12-16 2019-06-25 Scoperta, Inc. Tough and wear resistant ferrous alloys containing multiple hardphases
US10345252B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2019-07-09 Scoperta, Inc. Methods of selecting material compositions and designing materials having a target property
US10465269B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2019-11-05 Scoperta, Inc. Impact resistant hardfacing and alloys and methods for making the same
US10465267B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2019-11-05 Scoperta, Inc. Hardfacing alloys resistant to hot tearing and cracking
US10851444B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-12-01 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Non-magnetic, strong carbide forming alloys for powder manufacture
US20210031297A1 (en) * 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 GM Global Technology Operations LLC System and method for multi-task laser welding
US10954588B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2021-03-23 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Oxidation controlled twin wire arc spray materials
US11279996B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2022-03-22 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Fully readable thermal spray coating
CN116493807A (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-07-28 丹阳市凯鑫合金材料有限公司 高纯镍基焊接材料及其制备工艺
US11939646B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2024-03-26 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Corrosion and wear resistant nickel based alloys
US12076788B2 (en) 2019-05-03 2024-09-03 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Powder feedstock for wear resistant bulk welding configured to optimize manufacturability
US12227853B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2025-02-18 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Thermal spray iron-based alloys for coating engine cylinder bores
US12378647B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2025-08-05 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Reduced carbides ferrous alloys
US12569942B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2026-03-10 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Iron-based alloys designed for wear and corrosion resistance

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JPH04350351A (ja) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-04 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気還流装置

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Cited By (56)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4673123A (en) * 1982-10-06 1987-06-16 Nippon Welding Rod Co., Ltd. Filler for welding a heat resistant nickel-base alloy
US5533077A (en) * 1993-10-25 1996-07-02 General Electric Company Method for preventing scratches on fuel rods during fuel bundle assembly
US6447716B1 (en) * 1998-12-01 2002-09-10 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Welding electrode made of a nickel-based alloy and the corresponding alloy
US9403241B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2016-08-02 Stoody Company Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron
US9409259B2 (en) 2005-04-22 2016-08-09 Stoody Company Welding compositions for improved mechanical properties in the welding of cast iron
US20070290591A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-20 Lykowski James D Electrode for an Ignition Device
US7823556B2 (en) * 2006-06-19 2010-11-02 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Electrode for an ignition device
US20100136368A1 (en) * 2006-08-08 2010-06-03 Huntington Alloys Corporation Welding alloy and articles for use in welding, weldments and method for producing weldments
US8187725B2 (en) 2006-08-08 2012-05-29 Huntington Alloys Corporation Welding alloy and articles for use in welding, weldments and method for producing weldments
US20110142713A1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2011-06-16 Kenji Kawasaki WELDING MATERIALS FOR Ni-BASED ALLOY
US10173291B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2019-01-08 United Technologies Corporation Low and extra low sulfur alloys for repair
US20120110848A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-10 United Technologies Corporation Low and extra low sulfur alloys for repair
US8640941B2 (en) * 2011-03-23 2014-02-04 Scoperta, Inc. Fine grained Ni-based alloys for resistance to stress corrosion cracking and methods for their design
US20120267420A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-10-25 Justin Lee Cheney Fine grained ni-based alloys for resistance to stress corrosion cracking and methods for their design
US8973806B2 (en) 2011-03-23 2015-03-10 Scoperta, Inc. Fine grained Ni-based alloys for resistance to stress corrosion cracking and methods for their design
US10100388B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2018-10-16 Scoperta, Inc. Coating compositions
US11085102B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2021-08-10 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Coating compositions
US20130309000A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 General Electric Comapny Hybrid laser arc welding process and apparatus
US9738959B2 (en) 2012-10-11 2017-08-22 Scoperta, Inc. Non-magnetic metal alloy compositions and applications
CN103100801A (zh) * 2012-12-20 2013-05-15 贵州航天凯宏科技有限责任公司 一种高强高韧低合金调质压力容器钢用自动埋弧横焊焊丝
CN103100801B (zh) * 2012-12-20 2016-03-30 贵州航天凯宏科技有限责任公司 一种高强高韧低合金调质压力容器钢用自动埋弧横焊焊丝
US10345252B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2019-07-09 Scoperta, Inc. Methods of selecting material compositions and designing materials having a target property
US10495590B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2019-12-03 Scoperta, Inc. Methods of selecting material compositions and designing materials having a target property
US11175250B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2021-11-16 Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc. Methods of selecting material compositions and designing materials having a target property
US9802387B2 (en) 2013-11-26 2017-10-31 Scoperta, Inc. Corrosion resistant hardfacing alloy
CN103949799A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝
CN103949801A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种焊丝
CN103949798B (zh) * 2014-05-17 2016-03-09 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝的制备方法
CN103949806B (zh) * 2014-05-17 2015-11-18 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 一种焊丝的制备方法
CN103949800B (zh) * 2014-05-17 2016-04-06 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 一种由Cr28Ni48W5镍基合金制成的焊丝
CN103949799B (zh) * 2014-05-17 2015-11-18 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝
CN103949807B (zh) * 2014-05-17 2015-11-18 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝的制备方法
CN103962747A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-08-06 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种直径小于3mm的镍基合金焊丝
CN103949807A (zh) * 2014-05-17 2014-07-30 丹阳市精密合金厂有限公司 一种镍基合金焊丝的制备方法
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EP0051979B1 (de) 1984-09-26
DE3166360D1 (en) 1984-10-31
ATE9551T1 (de) 1984-10-15
EP0051979A1 (de) 1982-05-19
JPS57154396A (en) 1982-09-24
CA1184401A (en) 1985-03-26

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