US4478481A - Production of diffraction limited holographic images - Google Patents

Production of diffraction limited holographic images Download PDF

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Publication number
US4478481A
US4478481A US06/348,461 US34846182A US4478481A US 4478481 A US4478481 A US 4478481A US 34846182 A US34846182 A US 34846182A US 4478481 A US4478481 A US 4478481A
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subject
beamsplitter
disposed
lens
plane
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US06/348,461
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Richard L. Fusek
James S. Harris
Kevin G. Harding
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OPTICAL SPECIALITIES Inc
University of Dayton
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University of Dayton
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Assigned to UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, A CORP. OF OH reassignment UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, A CORP. OF OH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: FUSEK, RICHARD L., HARDING, KEVIN G., HARRIS, JAMES S.
Priority to US06/348,461 priority Critical patent/US4478481A/en
Priority to DE8383901023T priority patent/DE3380075D1/de
Priority to PCT/US1983/000184 priority patent/WO1983002831A1/en
Priority to EP83901023A priority patent/EP0101507B1/de
Priority to US06/548,892 priority patent/US4566757A/en
Priority to JP58501110A priority patent/JPS59500488A/ja
Publication of US4478481A publication Critical patent/US4478481A/en
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Assigned to LEDYAESTR FINANCING, INC., reassignment LEDYAESTR FINANCING, INC., SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INSYSTEMS, INC., A CA CORP
Assigned to SILICON VALLEY BANK reassignment SILICON VALLEY BANK SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OPTICAL SPECIALTIES, INC.
Assigned to OPTICAL SPECIALITIES, INC. reassignment OPTICAL SPECIALITIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INSYSTEMS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06E—OPTICAL COMPUTING DEVICES
    • G06E3/00—Devices not provided for in group G06E1/00, e.g. for processing analogue or hybrid data
    • G06E3/001—Analogue devices in which mathematical operations are carried out with the aid of optical or electro-optical elements
    • G06E3/003—Analogue devices in which mathematical operations are carried out with the aid of optical or electro-optical elements forming integrals of products, e.g. Fourier integrals, Laplace integrals, correlation integrals; for analysis or synthesis of functions using orthogonal functions

Definitions

  • Full-field documentation with relatively high resolution can be accomplished through holography.
  • holographically recording the subject, and then reconstructing the holographic image with the conjugate to the reference beam a three-dimensional real image of the object is created in space. This real image can then be examined microscopically as if it were the original illuminated object.
  • An added advantage is that a holographic system can document not only reflecting surfaces but also the microstructure inside a thick, transparent object such as optical components. Since the holographic image has no substance, a microscope can focus through the image, even to the opposite side if desired, without the need for a long focus and high quality objective required when a solid object is in the way.
  • the image information 16 from the subject may be aberrated by the lens 14 (FIG. 1a). If the hologram 10 is repositioned accurately with respect to the lens 14, and the conjugate to the reference beam 18, i.e., the same wavefront as the reference beam but travelling in the opposite direction, is used to reconstruct the holographic image, the image rays 20 will exactly retrace the path of the original subject rays back through the optical system (FIG. 1b). This is not the same as merely turning the lens 14 around, since the information about the lens aberration is stored in the hologram 10. Therefore, the aberrations of the lens 14 will be completely compensated for upon reconstruction and the holographic image 22 will be diffraction limited.
  • a qualification to this claim of diffraction limitation is that vignetting of the image rays by other apertures in the system will decrease the effective diffraction limit of the system. Even on axis, a focus error aberration can cause loss of spatial frequency information, as illustrated by way of example for a typical optical telescope system in FIG. 2.
  • lenses 1 1 and 1 2 are F/1.50, 50 mm diameter, 75 mm focal length lenses
  • lens 1 3 is an F/1.50, 150 mm diameter, 225 mm focal length lens.
  • the focus of the rays 26 entering the system 24 is moved from a point 28 to a point 30, 77 mm away from lens 1 1 . This results in a smaller, F/1.54 collection angle at lens 1 1 .
  • the focal point is moved to 76 mm away from lens 1 1 and: ##EQU2## for the system 24.
  • optical transfer function (OTF) of the system may be looked to.
  • a(f x ,f y ) is the area of overlap of the pupil collecting spatial frequencies with the restricting pupil function.
  • FIG. 3 using a thin lens ray trace, it can be seen that only an F/9 cone can be collected by system 24 from a point 36 located 37.5 mm off the axis 37. In FIG. 4, a point 38 located 50 mm off the axis 37 is considered. Again using a thin lens ray trace, it can be seen that only an F/13.5 cone can be collected due to vignetting.
  • the maximum available spatial frequency information must be collected. If the spatial frequency information never reaches the area of the holographic plate illuminated by the reference beam, the information is lost. For this reason, a simple single-lens, single-large-aperture imaging system would seem the most promising to obtain a high-resolution reconstructed real image.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for the production of holograms which reproduce diffraction-limited three dimensional images of a subject.
  • these holographic images can be evaluated using microscopy, interferometry, and optical information processing techniques.
  • a source for generating a coherent beam of light preferably an argon ion laser operating single frequency, provides a beam to a beamsplitter that divides the beam into a subject beam and a reference beam.
  • the subject beam is directed to the subject where it is reflected and/or diffracted thereby.
  • the reflected and/or diffracted light from the subject is passed through a lens and focussed in the vicinity of a photo-sensitive material, such as a photographic plate.
  • the reference beam is simultaneously directed onto the plate at a predetermined angle of incidence.
  • the hologram is replaced and illuminated with the reference beam which is redirected onto the plate in a direction conjugate to the original reference beam.
  • Subject information from the hologram will then exactly reverse ray trace back through the optical system following the same path but in the reversed direction as original subject rays during recording.
  • a three-dimensional real image of the original subject will be formed at the original subject location. Because of the exact reverse ray-trace feature, optical distortions or aberrations introduced by optical elements in the system will be completely eliminated thus providing a diffraction limited three-dimensional real image.
  • the apparatus may further include a second beamsplitter disposed along the path of the subject beam, but before the subject, with a quarter-wave-plate disposed between the second beamsplitter and the subject.
  • the beam is passed directly through the beamsplitter to the subject, but the plane of polarization is rotated by the wave plate such that upon reflection by the subject, the beam is deflected by the beamsplitter into the lens.
  • the apparatus may further include means for microscopically examining the image reconstructed at the subject plane.
  • This invention offers the following advantages over known systems and methods of producing holographic images.
  • the reverse ray-trace of the image information through the optical system provides an image that is free of aberrations introduced by optical elements.
  • the optical quality of the imaging optic is not as critical as in known systems. This permits use of components of lesser quality, with significant reductions in costs.
  • the high resolution obtained with this invention provides for microscopic evaluation of recorded images, and enhances results obtained through optical processing and interferrometric techniques.
  • FIG. 1a is a diagram illustrating generally the recording of a hologram, showing introduction of aberration into the image information
  • FIG. 1b is a diagram illustrating generally the reconstruction of a holographic image, wherein reverse ray tracing eliminates aberration from the image information;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hypothetical telescope system, showing the effect of focus error aberration
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the hypothetical telescope system of FIG. 2, showing the effect of vignetting
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the hypothetical telescope system of FIG. 2, again showing the effect of vignetting
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the present invention for use when the subject is a transparent or semitransparent volume
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of a further alternative embodiment of a portion of the present invention for use when the subject is a transparent or semitransparent volume
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of a still further alternative embodiment of a portion of the present invention for use when the subject is a transparent or semitransparent volume;
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram of an alternative embodiment of a portion of the present invention for recording an image plane hologram.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing image reconstruction with the embodiment of FIG. 9.
  • a laser 40 provides a source for generating a coherent beam of light 42.
  • an argon ion laser operating single frequency at a wavelength of 0.5145 micrometers is used, in particular, a Spectra Physics Model 166-09 Argon Laser.
  • Any laser source, however, whose output wavelength is compatible with the recording medium will work, including but not restricted to helium-neon, krypton, ruby, neodymium YAG or glass, and metal vapor lasers.
  • Beam 42 is directed by mirrors M1 and M2 into the system 44 and passes through a half-wave plate 46 which allows the angle of polarization to be continuously adjusted before entering the polarizing beamsplitter 48.
  • polarizing beamsplitting techniques are used in the preferred embodiment to conserve energy and allow maximum flexibility, any beamsplitting technique that divides the incoming beam into two components will work, such as metal films, grating, dielectric films and holographic elements.
  • Beamsplitter 48 divides the input beam 42 into a subject beam 50 and a reference beam 52 having an intensity ratio determined by the angle of polarization of the incoming beam.
  • the subject beam 50 is then directed to a means 54 for expanding, filtering and collimating beam 50 including lenses 56 and 58 and a mask having a pinhole 60. It then passes through a second polarizing beamsplitter 62 which serves as a selective beam director. This is accomplished in the following manner: light entering this director (beamsplitter 62) passes through because of the polarization orientation established by beamsplitter 48. Beam 50 then passes through a quarter-wave plate 64 where it is converted from linear to circular polarization. It then strikes a subject 66 and is reflected thereby back through the quarter-wave plate 64 where it is converted back to linear polarization but orthogonally oriented.
  • lens 68 This causes the subject beam 50 to be reflected by the beamsplitter 62 towards a lens 68 which forms an image in the vicinity of a means for recording the hologram.
  • lens 68 is a symmetric doublet pair, imaging subject 66 on or near the recording means at one-to-one magnification to maximize the information collected by the lens 68.
  • Other means for directing the subject information to the recording means may be used, including placing the recording means close to the subject and eliminating the imaging system.
  • the recording means is shown in the preferred embodiment as a photographic plate 70, it will be recognized that it may be any photo-sensitive material such as photographic films or plates, thermoplastic films, crystalline materials, or any other material capable of recording a hologram.
  • FIG. 6 shows the preferred arrangement if the subject is a transmitting volume 72.
  • a mirror M3 is placed behind the subject 72 which causes the subject beam 50 to be reflected back through the quarter wave plate 64.
  • This double pass scheme offers the advantage that anomalies of interest present in a subject volume 72 are illuminated from both the front and the back thus enhancing visibility.
  • double passing the volume doubles the measurement sensitivity.
  • FIG. 7 The variation shown in FIG. 7, or the more preferred FIG. 8, is used if the double passing or front illumination of a subject volume 72 is undesirable (e.g., in recording or optical processing of transparencies).
  • a half-wave plate 74 is placed in the subject beam 50 ahead of polarizing beamsplitter 62. This allows for adjustment of the subject beam polarization angle and is set to provide vertical or s polarization.
  • Beamsplitter 62 now reflects the subject beam 50 toward mirror M4. This mirror directs the beam to mirror M5, where it is directed through the subject or subject volume 72 and back into beamsplitter 62 and thus into lens 68 as described above.
  • the subject beam 50 is directed around the beamsplitter 62 by mirrors M6 and M7 where it is directed through the subject 72 and half-wave plate 76 by mirror M8. It then passes through the system to the photographic plate 70 as previously described.
  • the reference beam 52 generated from beamsplitter 48 is directed by mirror M9 towards a means 78 for expanding, filtering and collimating beam 52 consisting of lenses 80 and 82, and a mask having a pinhole 84. Beam 52 is expanded and collimated and directed towards mirror M10. In the recording mode, mirrors M10 and M11 direct the reference beam 52 along reference path 86 to the photographic plate 70 where beam 52 combines with the subject beam 50 to expose plate 70, whereupon a hologram 88 is formed in plate 70.
  • mirror M10 After processing the hologram 88 and returning it to position, mirror M10 is removed and mirror M12 directs the reference beam 52 towards the hologram 88 from the conjugate direction along conjugate path 90.
  • Subject information from hologram 88 will then exactly reverse ray-trace back through lens 68 and beamsplitter 62 following the same path but in the reversed direction as the original subject beam 50 during recording.
  • a three-dimensional image of the subject 66 will be formed at its original location. Because of the exact reverse ray-trace feature, optical distortions or aberrations introduced by optical elements such as lens 68, beamsplitter 62, or the like will be eliminated, providing a diffraction limited three-dimensional real image.
  • an optical Fourier transform of subject information is formed in each of the embodiments of FIGS. 5-8 between the hologram 88 and the lens 68, one focal length from the focussing element, as seen for example at 91 in FIG. 6.
  • This transform plane 91 can be used to manipulate subject information such as spatial frequency content, distribution, and phase, by placing appropriate phase and blocking filters at this location.
  • Such filters may be of any of the presently known optical filters, examples of which are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,000,949, issued Jan. 4, 1977, to Watkins, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,299,443, issued Nov. 10, 1981, to Minami et al.
  • This serves to optically process subject information and can be performed prior to initial recording of the hologram or after the hologram has been recorded. In either case, the present invention offers several advantages over standard optical processors.
  • the inverse Fourier transform is performed by the same optics that produced the original transform because of the reverse ray-trace feature of this process.
  • the optical quality of the imaging optic need only be sufficient to separate spatial frequencies at the Fourier transform plane relating to the desired image information. This significantly reduces the cost and broadens the applications for optical processing.
  • the Fourier transform is less sensitive to lens aberrations than the image.
  • the same apparatus may be used to produce effective blocking filters on photosensitive material such as photographic plates, which are accurately matched to the subject's spatial frequency locations in the Fourier transform plane.
  • the lens used is color corrected (for example, achromat 92), and if care is taken to image the subject 66 on the surface of the plate 72, an image plane hologram is recorded.
  • This image plane hologram can then be illuminated for reconstruction with a broadband source such as white light.
  • a broadband source such as white light.
  • hologram 88 is formed in an Agfa 8E56HD 4" ⁇ 5" plate.
  • the preferred developing processes are either PAAP or HRP/Bromine Methanol. These were found to give substantially better results than standard D-19 processing.
  • the lens 68 described herein collects approximately an F/3.5 cone of light.
  • the reconstructed real holographic image is diffraction limited in resolution for the F/3.5 optical system:
  • the reconstructed image may be studied microscopically at the original subject plane through an appropriate means therefor, such as microscope 98 shown in FIG. 5. Moreover, the observed information may be recorded, for example, by a camera (not shown) or other means, used in conjunction with microscope 98.
  • Real time holographic interferometric analysis of the subject may be accomplished by first recording a hologram with the apparatus arranged as in any of FIGS. 5-9, depending on the subject type.
  • the developed hologram 88 is then replaced in its original position, with the aid of a kinematic mount, and illuminated with the recording reference beam 52 with mirror M10 in place. Viewing would occur from the position indicated by arrow 100 (FIG. 5).
  • a diffraction limited interferogram can be reconstructed in the following manner.
  • a double-exposed hologram is recorded by first recording a hologram of the subject in its reference state. Changes to the subject are then made or a different subject is inserted, and a second hologram is recorded on the same holographic plate. After processing and replacement to its original position, it is then illuminated by reference beam 52 from the back or conjugate direction 90 via mirror M12. Both holographic images will then reconstruct at the original subject position and can be viewed therefrom. Optical path differences due to changes in the subject occurring between exposures or differences between the two subjects will be observed as fringes on or near the reconstructed subject's image. Since this interferogram is inherently diffraction limited, due to the reverse ray-trace feature, extremely small fringe spacings can be accurately measured through a magnifying device, such as microscope 98.
  • the subject can be compared to an unperturbed reference wavefront in the following manners.
  • a hologram 88 is made of the subject, processed, repositioned at its original location, and reilluminated with the reference beam 52 from the conjugate direction 90 via mirror M12.
  • a second reference beam is then combined with the real holographic image at the original subject location via the path of original subject beam 50 and beam director 62. If the intensities are then made equal by adjusting half-wave plate 46, a fringe pattern can be observed. This fringe pattern will map the difference in optical path between the surface figure or optical density of the subject and the wavefront shape of the reference wavefront.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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US06/348,461 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Production of diffraction limited holographic images Expired - Fee Related US4478481A (en)

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US06/348,461 US4478481A (en) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Production of diffraction limited holographic images
US06/548,892 US4566757A (en) 1982-02-12 1983-02-14 Holographic optical processing method and apparatus
PCT/US1983/000184 WO1983002831A1 (en) 1982-02-12 1983-02-14 Holographic optical processing method and apparatus
EP83901023A EP0101507B1 (de) 1982-02-12 1983-02-14 Holographisches optisches verfahren und vorrichtung
DE8383901023T DE3380075D1 (en) 1982-02-12 1983-02-14 Holographic optical processing method and apparatus
JP58501110A JPS59500488A (ja) 1982-02-12 1983-02-14 ホログラフィによる光学的処理法とその装置

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Cited By (26)

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US4659172A (en) * 1985-05-20 1987-04-21 Insystems, Inc. Rotatable and translatable mounting mechanism for a specimen pattern in optical processing apparatus
US4674824A (en) * 1985-06-14 1987-06-23 Stanford University System for enhancement of optical features
US4857425A (en) * 1986-06-30 1989-08-15 Holtronic Technologies Limited Manufacture of integrated circuits using holographic techniques
US4921278A (en) * 1985-04-01 1990-05-01 Chinese Academy Of Sciences Identification system using computer generated moire
US4989929A (en) * 1984-10-11 1991-02-05 Holtronic, Gmbh Process of making an achromatic hologram which is adapted to be reconstructed with white light
US5039182A (en) * 1989-10-23 1991-08-13 International Business Machines Corporation Storing information in dual holographic images
US5159474A (en) * 1986-10-17 1992-10-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Transform optical processing system
US5270842A (en) * 1991-02-20 1993-12-14 Holographix, Inc. Holographic recording and scanning system and method
US5283672A (en) * 1992-05-04 1994-02-01 Rockwell International Corporation Holographic techniques for generating high resolution telescopic images
US5300756A (en) * 1991-10-22 1994-04-05 General Scanning, Inc. Method for severing integrated-circuit connection paths by a phase-plate-adjusted laser beam
WO2001095038A3 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-06-13 Advanced Diagnostics Inc Apparatus and process for enhancing imaging of subtle structures
US20020118600A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-08-29 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. Ultrasonic holography detector
US6544186B1 (en) 2001-11-19 2003-04-08 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. System and method for diagnostic imaging
US6590830B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2003-07-08 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and process modifications in ultrasonic holography to improve image quality
US20030156307A1 (en) * 2002-02-19 2003-08-21 Miller Schuck System and method for holographic storage with optical folding
US6700686B2 (en) * 2001-10-17 2004-03-02 Inphase Technologies, Inc. System and method for holographic storage
US6702747B2 (en) 2000-06-08 2004-03-09 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Ii Llc Acoustically generated images having selected components
US20040078130A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Lockup control of a torque converter
US6860855B2 (en) 2001-11-19 2005-03-01 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. System and method for tissue biopsy using ultrasonic imaging
US20060279824A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-12-14 Inphase Technologies, Inc. Sensing angular orientation of holographic media in a holographic memory system
US7463352B2 (en) 1999-11-17 2008-12-09 Applied Materials, Inc. Method and apparatus for article inspection including speckle reduction
US7471430B1 (en) * 1997-12-15 2008-12-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Holographic image corrector
WO2018225068A1 (en) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-13 RD Synergy Ltd. Methods and systems of holographic interferometry
WO2022020511A1 (en) * 2020-07-21 2022-01-27 Doblas Ana Apparatus and method to convert a regular bright-field microscope into a ps-qpi system
US11719531B2 (en) 2018-10-30 2023-08-08 RD Synergy Ltd. Methods and systems of holographic interferometry
US11892292B2 (en) 2017-06-06 2024-02-06 RD Synergy Ltd. Methods and systems of holographic interferometry

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DE19739835C2 (de) * 1997-09-11 1999-09-09 Ernst Lueder Verfahren zur fourieroptischen Signalverarbeitung
CN102436170B (zh) * 2011-10-26 2013-10-16 哈尔滨工业大学 一种提高再现图像分辨率的正交偏振全息记录方法

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Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4989929A (en) * 1984-10-11 1991-02-05 Holtronic, Gmbh Process of making an achromatic hologram which is adapted to be reconstructed with white light
US4921278A (en) * 1985-04-01 1990-05-01 Chinese Academy Of Sciences Identification system using computer generated moire
US4659172A (en) * 1985-05-20 1987-04-21 Insystems, Inc. Rotatable and translatable mounting mechanism for a specimen pattern in optical processing apparatus
US4674824A (en) * 1985-06-14 1987-06-23 Stanford University System for enhancement of optical features
US4857425A (en) * 1986-06-30 1989-08-15 Holtronic Technologies Limited Manufacture of integrated circuits using holographic techniques
US5159474A (en) * 1986-10-17 1992-10-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Transform optical processing system
US5039182A (en) * 1989-10-23 1991-08-13 International Business Machines Corporation Storing information in dual holographic images
US5270842A (en) * 1991-02-20 1993-12-14 Holographix, Inc. Holographic recording and scanning system and method
US5300756A (en) * 1991-10-22 1994-04-05 General Scanning, Inc. Method for severing integrated-circuit connection paths by a phase-plate-adjusted laser beam
US5283672A (en) * 1992-05-04 1994-02-01 Rockwell International Corporation Holographic techniques for generating high resolution telescopic images
US7471430B1 (en) * 1997-12-15 2008-12-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Holographic image corrector
US7463352B2 (en) 1999-11-17 2008-12-09 Applied Materials, Inc. Method and apparatus for article inspection including speckle reduction
US6517490B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2003-02-11 Advanced Diagnostics Systems, Inc. Apparatus and process for enhancing imaging of subtle structures
WO2001095038A3 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-06-13 Advanced Diagnostics Inc Apparatus and process for enhancing imaging of subtle structures
US6590830B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2003-07-08 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and process modifications in ultrasonic holography to improve image quality
US20020118600A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-08-29 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. Ultrasonic holography detector
US20040037164A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2004-02-26 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and process modifications in ultrasonic holography to improve image quality
US6702747B2 (en) 2000-06-08 2004-03-09 Advanced Imaging Technologies, Ii Llc Acoustically generated images having selected components
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WO1983002831A1 (en) 1983-08-18
EP0101507A4 (de) 1984-11-07
DE3380075D1 (en) 1989-07-20
EP0101507B1 (de) 1989-06-14
EP0101507A1 (de) 1984-02-29
JPS59500488A (ja) 1984-03-22

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