US4705227A - Apparatus for winding-up and unwinding continuously arriving flexible flat structures - Google Patents
Apparatus for winding-up and unwinding continuously arriving flexible flat structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4705227A US4705227A US07/034,622 US3462287A US4705227A US 4705227 A US4705227 A US 4705227A US 3462287 A US3462287 A US 3462287A US 4705227 A US4705227 A US 4705227A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- winding core
- guide wheel
- shaft
- bearing
- impact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
- B65H29/006—Winding articles into rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
- B65H2301/419—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means
- B65H2301/4192—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means for handling articles of limited length in shingled formation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
- B65H2301/419—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means
- B65H2301/4192—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means for handling articles of limited length in shingled formation
- B65H2301/41922—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means for handling articles of limited length in shingled formation and wound together with single belt like members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2403/00—Power transmission; Driving means
- B65H2403/30—Chain drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2403/00—Power transmission; Driving means
- B65H2403/80—Transmissions, i.e. for changing speed
- B65H2403/82—Variable speed drive units
- B65H2403/821—Variable speed drive units friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
- B65H2701/1932—Signatures, folded printed matter, newspapers or parts thereof and books
Definitions
- the present invention broadly relates to a new and improved construction of an apparatus for selectively winding-up or unwinding continuously arriving flexible flat structures, especially substantially flat products arriving in an imbricated formation, particularly substantially flat printed products.
- the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of an apparatus for winding-up and unwinding or winding-off continuously arriving flexible flat structures, especially flexible flat structures arriving in an imbricated formation, and in particular printed products into a wound product package or unwinding such flexible flat structures from a previously wound product package.
- the winding apparatus of the present development is of the type comprising a substantially ring-shaped or annular winding core intended for taking-up or receiving thereon the products wound into a product package.
- the substantially ring-shaped winding core can be frictionally placed into contact at its substantially cylindrical inner surface with drivable support wheels and can be raised away from such drivable support wheels.
- an essentially freely rotatable guide wheel which can be operatively engaged with the substantially cylindrical inner surface of the mounted winding core beneath the support wheels and can again be raised away from such substantially cylindrical inner surface of the mounted winding core.
- winding apparatus or equivalent expressions are to be construed in their broader sense as not only encompassing an apparatus for winding-up substantially flat structures or the like but also for unwinding or winding-off such substantially flat structures or the like which previously have been wound-up into a package.
- the substantially ring-shaped winding core in the event that it is driven constitutes the driven part of a friction wheel drive and the support wheels serving as the mounting structure, upon which bears the winding core at its inner surface or side, simultaneously constitute the driving part of the friction wheel drive.
- the winding core of the prior art apparatus possesses inwardly protruding side flanges which coact to a certain extent as guide or track rims with the end surfaces of the support wheels, but also in conjunction with the guide wheel.
- the winding core and particularly the spacing of its side flanges from one another must be accommodated to the thickness of the support wheels and the guide wheel, which, in turn, cannot be constructed as rolls.
- the thickness of the support wheels and that of the guide wheel must correspond to one another, and furthermore, the end surfaces of all wheels must lie in a respective plane if the side flanges of the winding core are to fulfill their function as guide or track rims.
- the winding core in the event it is desired to lift-off the winding core from the support wheels, the winding core initially must be vertically raised at least by the amount of the radial dimension of the side flanges before the winding core can then be removed in axial direction.
- This vertical lifting of the winding core particularly in the case of a winding core upon which there has been fully wound a product package, requires an appreciable expenditure of force.
- the prior art apparatus there always must be reached a compromise as concerns the dimensioning of the winding core.
- the side flanges of the winding core must be accommodated to the thickness of the wheels, and, on the other hand, the outer surface of the winding core should be accommodated to a certain degree to the format of the flat surface structures or products which are to be wound upon such winding core so that such wound products are supported as much as possible over the major part of their width directly or indirectly upon the outer jacket surface of the winding core.
- Another and more specific object of the present invention aims at the provision of a new and improved construction of a winding apparatus for the winding-up or unwinding of substantially flat structures, especially although not exclusively printed products, wherein the winding core can possess a purely hollow cylindrical configuration, in other words approximately the shape of a flangeless tubular section or tube, which facilitates the removal of the winding core and its improved accommodation thereof to the width of the flat structures or products being processed.
- the winding apparatus as such term is herein defined, of the present development is manifested by the features that the guide wheel can be deflected or shifted about a deflection axis which is radially directed with respect to the mounted winding core, and additionally, there is provided an impact or stop arrangement which coacts with an end side or surface of the winding core.
- the winding core during its rotation additionally has imparted thereto an axial movement component which, depending upon the direction of rotation of the winding core and depending upon the side of the deflection, forces the winding core to migrate or drift either towards the impact or stop arrangement, whereby its axial position is fixed, or, however, causes the winding core to migrate or wander away from the impact or stop arrangement which, in turn, appreciably simplifies the removal of the winding core.
- the deflection of the guide wheel there is sufficient only a few angular degrees motion.
- FIG. 1 is an extremely schematic side view of a winding apparatus constructed according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale of a detail of the winding apparatus depicted in FIG. 1, taken substantially along the line II--II thereof;
- FIG. 4 shows on a still somewhat larger scale a top plan view, partially in section, looking in the direction of the arrow IV of FIG. 2 of the guide wheel;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a modified embodiment in a showing similar to the illustration of FIG. 2, but again on a somewhat larger scale.
- FIG. 1 for explaining certain details of the winding apparatus of the present development.
- a drive motor 11 drives by means of a chain 12, an intermediate gearing or reduction gearing structure 13, the gearing 14 as well as by means of a further chain 15 a deflection roll or roller 16 of a band or belt conveyor 17.
- This band or belt conveyor 17 is supported by a not particularly illustrated but conventional rocker-like or balance frame which is pivotable about the rotational axis of the deflection roll or roller 16 and can be continuously forced by means of a gas spring 18 or equivalent structure against the outer circumference of a winding core 19 or a package 20 which is in the process of being formed thereon, as the case may be.
- this winding band or tape 17 is wound-up in conjunction with the flat structures or products (not shown) which are supplied by the band or belt conveyor 17 or, as the case may be, during the unwinding of the prior wound package 20 this winding band or tape 23 is again wound or coiled up onto the supply roll 22.
- a further chain or chain member 24 Leading from the intermediate gearing or reduction gearing structure 13 is a further chain or chain member 24 to a winding gearing or transmission 25 possessing an automatically infinitely variable transmission ratio. From the winding gearing or transmission 25 there leads a further chain or chain member 26 to two support wheels 28 and 29 which are operatively interconnected with one another for rotation in the same rotational sense by means of a further chain or chain member 27.
- the winding core 19 is mounted or supported upon the support wheels 28 and 29 and these support wheels 28 and 29, during such time as they are driven, frictionally drive the winding core 19 in the same rotational direction or sense.
- the mounting of the winding core 19 is augmented by an essentially freely rotatable guide wheel 30 which is elevationally displaceable, in other words can be selectively raised and lowered and in its lowered position likewise coacts with the substantially cylindrical inner surface or side 19a of the winding core 19 and not only precludes any undesired lift-off of the winding core 19 from one of the support wheels 28 and 29, but additionally also can increase the friction between these support wheels 28 and 29 and the substantially cylindrical inner surface 19a of the winding core 19.
- the support wheels 28 and 29 and the guide wheel 30 there is thus ensured in all instances a central position of the winding core 19.
- FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. There will be recognized from the showing of FIG. 2 the one support wheel 28 as well as the guide wheel 30.
- This guide wheel 30 has been depicted in full lines in its operative or engaged position with the substantially cylindrical smooth inner surface 19a of the winding core 19. A portion of the outline of the wound package 20 has been shown in chain-dot lines.
- the support wheel 28 is keyed or otherwise appropriately connected with a shaft 31 which, in turn, is rotatably mounted by means of two roller bearings 32 and 33 in a bearing housing 34.
- This bearing housing 34 is fixedly flanged or otherwise appropriately connected at the one side of a substantially vertical side wall or wall member 35 of the machine frame.
- the end of the shaft 31 which is remote from the support wheel 28 piercingly extends through this side wall or wall member 35 and has keyed thereto or otherwise appropriately fixed thereat the sprocket wheels 36 and 37 which coact with the respective chains 26 and 27.
- the mounting and arrangement of the other support wheel 29 corresponds to that of the support wheel 28 just described.
- the guide wheel 30 is likewise keyed or otherwise appropriately fixed to a shaft 38.
- This shaft 38 is rotatably mounted by means of a pendulum roller bearing 39 in a bearing housing 40.
- This bearing housing 40 is flanged or otherwise appropriately connected to a substantially ring-shaped plate or plate member 41 which, in turn, is anchored to a carriage 42, as best seen by referring to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- This carriage or carriage member 42 which has been accentuated in FIG. 3 by a thick border line, is displaceably guided by means of ball bushings or boxes 43 (FIG.
- a displacement means comprising a fluid-operated piston-and-cylinder unit or fluid-operated unit 45', the piston rod 46 of which is hingedly connected by means of a universal joint 47 or the like (FIG. 2) at the center of the carriage 42.
- the carriage 42 possesses an essentially U-shaped configuration.
- This carriage 42 engages about a bearing plate 48 or block which is retained by yieldable pins or pin members 49 and 50 (FIG. 4) located at oppositely situated sides of the bearing plate 48, so that the bearing plate 48 is retained between the legs of the carriage 42 in such a manner that the bearing plate 48 cannot move in relation to the carriage 42 in a direction parallel to the column members 44 and 45, rather only substantially perpendicular thereto.
- piston rod 52 of a further fluid-operated piston-and-cylinder unit 53 is hingedly connected at location 51 with the bearing plate 48, and whose cylinder 53a is hingedly connected at location 55 at the end of a cantilever or cantilever member 54 which laterally protrudes from the carriage 42.
- a pin or pin member 56 is anchored at its side located opposite to the hinge point 51. This pin member 56 engages into a guide element or piece 57 secured at the carriage 42.
- the shaft 38 can be pivoted throughout a limited angular range about the center or central plane of the pendulum roller bearing 39, or, stated in other words, this center corresponds to a deflection or guide or steering axis 59 about which there can be deflected the guide wheel 30.
- this center corresponds to a deflection or guide or steering axis 59 about which there can be deflected the guide wheel 30.
- FIG. 4 there has been shown in full lines the outline of the non-deflected guide wheel 30, whereas in chain-dotted lines there has been illustrated the outline of such guide wheel in both possible terminal or end positions of the deflection motion.
- winding core 19 is mounted upon the support wheels 28 and 29 in such a manner that the ends or lateral sides 19a of the winding core 19 assume the position depicted in chain-dot lines 19' in FIG. 4.
- the winding core 19 is then placed into rotational movement by the support wheels 28 and 29 in such a manner that the substantially cylindrical inner surface or side 19a of the winding core 19, upon which acts the guide wheel 30, moves in the direction of the arrow 60.
- the winding core 19 is not yet now exactly positioned. It is sufficient to upwardly displace the bearing plate 48 in the showing of FIG.
- the impact or stop rail 62 can also be arranged to be displaceable and positionally fixable in desired position along the bearing housing 40.
- the impact or stop rail 62 can also freely rotatable impact or stop rolls or rollers, whose axes of rotation are directed radially with respect to the mounted winding core 19.
- the end of the shaft 38 which piercingly extends through the side wall 35 is mounted in this case by means of a roller bearing 63 in a bearing sleeve or bearing block 64 which, like the bearing plate or block 48, can be displaced in relation to the carriage 42 transversely with respect to the columns or column members 44 and 45.
- the shaft 38 is prolonged past the roller bearing 63 and carries by means of a ball bearing 65 the one part 66 of an electromagnetic brake 67, which brake part 66 is secured against rotation by means of a guide bracket 68 which engages over the carriage or carriage member 42, without being hindered with respect to a transverse displacement.
- a guide bracket 68 which engages over the carriage or carriage member 42
- the braking force is to be dimensioned such that the guide wheel 30 is not prevented in performing its rotational movement, rather is only somewhat hindered or retarded in performing such rotational movement.
- the electromagnetic brake 67 is again de-energized or inactivated the guide wheel 30 again assumes a position which is axially parallel to the support wheels 28 and 29.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Winding Of Webs (AREA)
- Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
- Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
- Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1475/86 | 1986-04-14 | ||
| CH147586 | 1986-04-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US4705227A true US4705227A (en) | 1987-11-10 |
Family
ID=4211353
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/034,622 Expired - Fee Related US4705227A (en) | 1986-04-14 | 1987-04-06 | Apparatus for winding-up and unwinding continuously arriving flexible flat structures |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4705227A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0242608B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2525596B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE39342T1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1290305C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3760025D1 (de) |
| SU (1) | SU1524804A3 (de) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4898336A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1990-02-06 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for the continuous winding-up or winding-off of substantially flat structures into a package and from a package, respectively |
| US5176333A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1993-01-05 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for the winding-up of printed products |
| US5706692A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1998-01-13 | Tapco International Corporation | Combined portable sheet bending brake, coil holder and cut-off mechanism |
| US6412730B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2002-07-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Device and method for storing elongated plastically deformable member |
| US6431492B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-08-13 | Zih Corp. | Integrated adjustable core support and medium guide device |
| US6641079B1 (en) | 1998-10-05 | 2003-11-04 | Ferag Ag | Winding device for flexible, flat material, especially printed products |
| US20040262445A1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-12-30 | Nobuyoshi Shimazaki | Method and device for storing long plastically deformed member |
| US20110229242A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Rolled paper driving apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| US20170275034A1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-09-28 | An-Sung Wang | System for sensing element adjustment and material belt detection |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3066388A (en) * | 1957-07-29 | 1962-12-04 | Moloney Electric Company | Methods for making magnetic cores |
| US4593865A (en) * | 1983-09-19 | 1986-06-10 | Ferag Ag | Winding mandrel for a coil or wound package formed of flexible, substantially flat products, especially printed products |
| US4601436A (en) * | 1984-05-09 | 1986-07-22 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for winding and unwinding flexible flat products, especially printed products, arriving continuously, especially in imbricated formation |
| US4657196A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1987-04-14 | Aluminum Company Of America | Mechanism for supporting and rotating a coil |
| US4659030A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-21 | Harris Graphics Corporation | Lateral positioning and adjustment mechanism for a web press |
-
1987
- 1987-03-21 EP EP87104217A patent/EP0242608B1/de not_active Expired
- 1987-03-21 DE DE8787104217T patent/DE3760025D1/de not_active Expired
- 1987-03-21 AT AT87104217T patent/ATE39342T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-04-02 JP JP62082186A patent/JP2525596B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-04-06 US US07/034,622 patent/US4705227A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-04-09 SU SU874202350A patent/SU1524804A3/ru active
- 1987-04-09 CA CA000534238A patent/CA1290305C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3066388A (en) * | 1957-07-29 | 1962-12-04 | Moloney Electric Company | Methods for making magnetic cores |
| US4593865A (en) * | 1983-09-19 | 1986-06-10 | Ferag Ag | Winding mandrel for a coil or wound package formed of flexible, substantially flat products, especially printed products |
| US4601436A (en) * | 1984-05-09 | 1986-07-22 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for winding and unwinding flexible flat products, especially printed products, arriving continuously, especially in imbricated formation |
| US4657196A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1987-04-14 | Aluminum Company Of America | Mechanism for supporting and rotating a coil |
| US4659030A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-21 | Harris Graphics Corporation | Lateral positioning and adjustment mechanism for a web press |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4898336A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1990-02-06 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for the continuous winding-up or winding-off of substantially flat structures into a package and from a package, respectively |
| US5176333A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1993-01-05 | Ferag Ag | Apparatus for the winding-up of printed products |
| US5706692A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1998-01-13 | Tapco International Corporation | Combined portable sheet bending brake, coil holder and cut-off mechanism |
| US5992203A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1999-11-30 | Tapco International Corporation | Coil holder for a sheet bending brake |
| US6641079B1 (en) | 1998-10-05 | 2003-11-04 | Ferag Ag | Winding device for flexible, flat material, especially printed products |
| US6412730B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2002-07-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Device and method for storing elongated plastically deformable member |
| US6431492B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-08-13 | Zih Corp. | Integrated adjustable core support and medium guide device |
| US20040262445A1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-12-30 | Nobuyoshi Shimazaki | Method and device for storing long plastically deformed member |
| US6938850B2 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2005-09-06 | Bridgestone Corporation | Storing method and storing apparatus for elongated plastic deformation member |
| US20110229242A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Rolled paper driving apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| US20170275034A1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-09-28 | An-Sung Wang | System for sensing element adjustment and material belt detection |
| US10421571B2 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2019-09-24 | An-Sung Wang | System for sensing element adjustment and material belt detection |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3760025D1 (en) | 1989-01-26 |
| CA1290305C (en) | 1991-10-08 |
| JP2525596B2 (ja) | 1996-08-21 |
| EP0242608A1 (de) | 1987-10-28 |
| JPS62244848A (ja) | 1987-10-26 |
| ATE39342T1 (de) | 1989-01-15 |
| EP0242608B1 (de) | 1988-12-21 |
| SU1524804A3 (ru) | 1989-11-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FERAG AG, 8340 HINWIL, SWITZERLAND A CORP. OF SWIT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HONEGGER, WERNER;REEL/FRAME:004690/0979 Effective date: 19870331 |
|
| FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
| FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
| LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
| FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19961115 |
|
| STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |