US4981044A - Ultrasonic sensor for testing U-shaped tubes of a heat exchanger - Google Patents

Ultrasonic sensor for testing U-shaped tubes of a heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US4981044A
US4981044A US07/365,973 US36597389A US4981044A US 4981044 A US4981044 A US 4981044A US 36597389 A US36597389 A US 36597389A US 4981044 A US4981044 A US 4981044A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hollow shafts
ultrasonic sensor
guide tip
supports
probe head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/365,973
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English (en)
Inventor
Helmar Adams
Peter Hertel
Heinz Jacob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, A GERMAN CORP. reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, A GERMAN CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ADAMS, HELMAR, HERTEL, PETER, JACOB, HEINZ
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4981044A publication Critical patent/US4981044A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/017—Inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/263—Surfaces
    • G01N2291/2636—Surfaces cylindrical from inside
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor for testing tubes of a heat exchanger having a U-shaped tube bundle or nest, such as are used, for example, in steam generators in nuclear power plants.
  • An electric motor with a step-down gear that is accommodated inside the rigid cylindrical sheath of the sensor is used to drive the rotating probe head.
  • Adjoining the sheath is a guide portion having a sealing body, to which a pusher hose is secured.
  • a pusher apparatus with which the sensor is thrust into the tube of the heat exchanger to be tested, is associated with the pusher hose.
  • Such a prior art ultrasonic sensor can only be used for testing straight portions of the tubes of the tube bundle of a heat exchanger. It is not possible to feed the ultrasonic sensor into the curved portion of the tubes of a tube bundle.
  • an ultrasonic sensor for testing tubes of a heat exchanger having a U-shaped tube bundle, comprising a probe head unit having an ultrasonic vibrator and two opposite ends, two flexible hollow shafts each being connected to a respective one of the ends of the probe head unit, a guide tip in which one of the hollow shafts is rotatably supported, a cylindrical sheath in which the other of the hollow shafts is rotatably supported, an electric drive unit connected to and fixed against torque relative to the other hollow shaft, the flexible hollow shafts having supports at predetermined axial intervals, a sealing body connected to the cylindrical sheath for sealing off a flow of a fluid for coupling the ultrasonic vibrator, and a pusher hose connected to the cylindrical sheath.
  • the coupling fluid emerges from the sealing body in the downstream direction, as seen in the insertion direction of the sensor, and fills the space between the inner wall surface of the tube to be tested and the surface of the sensor, so that good sliding of the supports is also assured.
  • another sealing body disposed on the outer periphery of the guide tip, in addition to the sealing body disposed on the cylindrical sheath. This is done in order to prevent the coupling fluid from escaping during the transition of the guide tip from the upwardly oriented position to the downwardly oriented position in the tube curve.
  • the guide tip has at least one outlet opening formed therein for the coupling fluid used for coupling the ultrasonic vibrator.
  • the supports are slide rings.
  • the supports are rings, and there are provided ball bearings supporting the rings on the flexible hollow shafts. This reduces the friction of the sensor on the inner wall surface of the tube to a minimum, so that the drive force for the motor unit can be kept particularly low.
  • a shutoff valve upstream of the outlet opening including means for permitting fluid flow through the outlet or for uncovering the outlet to a tube to be tested when the guide tip assumes or enters an upwardly oriented position and for blocking fluid flow through the outlet when the guide tip assumes or enters a downwardly oriented position, by utilizing gravity.
  • a holder or retaining body from which the ultrasonic vibrator is cardanically suspended. This provides good adaptation of the probe head to the curvature of the inner tube wall surface in the curved region.
  • the flexible hollow shafts are formed of helically wound spring wire having mutually interlocking windings.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded fragmentary, diagrammatic, longitudinal-sectional view showing details of the forward portion of an ultrasonic sensor on an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded partly elevational and partly sectional view of the entire sensor with details of the rear portion.
  • an ultrasonic sensor having a probe head unit 1 that is rotationally supported at opposite ends thereof through respective hollow shafts 16 and 17.
  • the hollow shaft 16 is in turn supported in a guide tip 2 and the hollow shaft 17 is in turn supported in a drive and signal transmission unit 3.
  • Supports 14 are disposed at predetermined axial intervals along the flexible hollow shafts 16, 17.
  • the drive and signal transmission unit 3 is adjoined by a guide segment 4 having a sealing body 5 with discs, to which a pusher hose 6 is secured.
  • the sensor is thrust into the tube of a heat exchanger through the use of the pusher hose 6.
  • a pusher apparatus which is known in the art, is used for this purpose.
  • the probe head unit 1 has a holder 10 for a probe head 8 with an ultrasonic vibrator 7.
  • the probe head is movable through bearing journals 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d in two axes which are at right angles to one another. In other words, the probe head is cardanically suspended.
  • the bearing journals 9a-9d are suspended on the holder 10 through two parallel rocking levers 11 and joints 12.
  • a spring 13 secured to the holder 10 acts through the rocking lever 11 to press the probe head 8 against the inner wall surface of the tube to be tested.
  • Both ends of the holder 10 are provided with extensions 10a, 10b on which the supports 14, which are constructed in the form of slide rings, are secured.
  • the extension 10a has a female thread 15, into which one end 16a of the flexible hollow shaft 16 is screwed.
  • the hollow shaft 16 is provided with one or more of the supports 14.
  • the other end 16b of the flexible hollow shaft 16 is screwed into a female thread 18a of a shaft journal 18, which is rotatably disposed in a jacket 2a of the guide tip 2 through two ball bearings 19a, 19b.
  • the jacket 2a has a collar 2b serving as a support in the tube, and another sealing body 20 which is constructed in the form of two rubber washers 20a, 20b, which are retained by a screw cap 20c.
  • Elastic guide tongues 21 which are bent toward an end piece 22 of the guide tip 2, are disposed on the screw cap 20c.
  • the end piece 22 is frustoconical and is screwed onto the shaft journal 18.
  • the holder 10 the extension 10b of the probe head 8 also has a female thread 15 into which an elastic hollow shaft 17 is screwed.
  • the hollow shaft 17 is connected through a plurality of non-illustrated interposed supports 14 and a hollow shaft journal 23 to the drive and signal transmission unit unit 3, which includes a step-down gear 24 and an electric motor 25, in such a manner as to be fixed against relative torque.
  • the drive and signal transmission unit 3 is disposed on a shell body 26, on which the shaft journal 23 is also supported, through a ball bearing 31.
  • the shell body 26 is surrounded by a sheath 27 and is detachably connected thereto.
  • the end of the shell body 26 has a hood 28, which is screwed onto a thread 26a of the shell body 26.
  • Respective ring seals 30, 29 are disposed between the sheath 27 and shell body 26 and between the hood 28 and shell body 26 for sealing purposes.
  • a ball bearing 21a is anchored on the shaft journal 23 with an eye nut 31a.
  • a double roller bearing 32 is also disposed on the shaft journal 23.
  • the double roller bearing 32 has an outer bearing body 33 which is provided with finger-like elastic laminations 34 for supporting the drive unit 3 on the tube to be tested.
  • a V-ring seal 35 is also disposed between the hood 28 and the double roller bearing 32, for sealing off the interior of the drive unit from the ingress of coupling fluid.
  • Various slide contacts 36 are disposed in the interior of the drive unit, between the eye nut 31a and the ball bearing 31. These contact 36 transmit electrical ultrasonic vibrator signals transmitted through a cable 37 to stationary connection lines 38 leading to a plug 39 on the end of the shell body 26. Additional lines 40b, with an interposed diode, lead from the electric motor 25 to the plug 39.
  • the plug 39 includes a bayonet mount, for the sake of easy mechanical and electrical disconnection of the drive unit 3 from the guide segment 4 shown in FIG. 2.
  • a coaxial cable 42 for transmitting the electrical signals of the ultrasonic vibrator is provided in the pusher hose 6 which is connected to the guide segment 4 by means of a coupler 41 and the sealing body 5.
  • a further cable 43 serves to supply voltage to the motor, which is operated with direct current.
  • Another cable 44 transmits signals from which the rpm and angular position of the probe head are derived.
  • a hose 45 which extends as far as the guide segment 4 and serves to deliver fluid, such as water, used to couple the vibrator.
  • a conduit 41a which is provided in the coupler and into which the hose is threaded, is provided with outlet openings 41b, so that the coupling fluid can flow to the ultrasonic vibrator 7 and as far as the rubber washers 20a, 20b of the guide tip 2, through the space defined by the inner wall surface of the tube to be tested, the disks of the sealing body 5, and the sheath 27.
  • the rotatable part of the hollow shaft 16a or the shaft journal 18 or the holder 10 has an opening 46, leading from the outside in, through which the coupling fluid can reach the hollow space of the shaft journal 18.
  • a bore 47 leads from the hollow space of the shaft journal 18 to the end piece 22 of the guide tip 2, which is provided with outlet openings 48, 49 leading toward the angularly bent laminations 21.
  • a shutoff valve 50 is disposed in the hollow space of the shaft journal 18 upstream of the outlet openings and is constructed in such a way that by utilizing gravity, the valve outlet leading to the tube to be tested is uncovered as long as the guide tip 2 of the ultrasonic sensor is in an upwardly oriented position, and the valve outlet is closed whenever the guide tip 2 enters a downwardly oriented position.
  • the laminations 21 on the guide tip 2 which are used for guidance and are bent at an angle and the sealing rings 20a, 20b are moistened with fluid, so that the sensor slides more easily.
  • shutoff valve 50 closes, so that the coupling fluid cannot run out of the guide tip 2.
  • the shutoff valve 50 may simply be constructed as a ball valve with a sealing seat 52, in which case whenever the guide tip 2 enters a downward inclined position, a ball 51 rests on the sealing seat 52 due to gravity and prevents a flow of the fluid through it. In the other position of the guide tip, the ball 51 assumes a position in which the flow of fluid is allowed.
  • the flexible hollows shafts 16, 17 are preferably formed of a helically wound spring wire 53, the windings of which interlock with one another.
  • the windings have helical ribs 53a that form a male thread.
  • the supports 14 have annular extensions 40 on both ends, which are provided with a female thread 40a, so that the hollow shafts or shaft segments 16, 17 can be screwed into the supports and secured.
  • the supports 14 are suitably constructed in the form of rings, which are supported through ball bearings 55 on the flexible hollow shafts or shaft segments 16, 17.
  • a rope or cable 54 is guided through the sensor, anchored to the guide tip 2, and used to pull the entire sensor out of the tube to be tested. At the site where the ultrasonic vibrator 7 is installed, the rope 54 is wrapped around the cardanically suspended head.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
US07/365,973 1988-06-15 1989-06-14 Ultrasonic sensor for testing U-shaped tubes of a heat exchanger Expired - Fee Related US4981044A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3820422 1988-06-15
DE3820422 1988-06-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4981044A true US4981044A (en) 1991-01-01

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ID=6356629

Family Applications (1)

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US07/365,973 Expired - Fee Related US4981044A (en) 1988-06-15 1989-06-14 Ultrasonic sensor for testing U-shaped tubes of a heat exchanger

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4981044A (de)
EP (1) EP0346688B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0238857A (de)
DE (1) DE58907631D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2051923T3 (de)
FI (1) FI892088A7 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5146786A (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-09-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Rotary union for use with ultrasonic thickness measuring probe
US5174165A (en) * 1990-08-13 1992-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Flexible delivery system for a rotatable probe
US5969275A (en) * 1998-06-08 1999-10-19 Zetec, Inc. Probe with replaceable centering feet
US6216539B1 (en) 1998-11-23 2001-04-17 Csi Technology, Inc. Equipment setup for ultrasonic monitoring
US6220098B1 (en) 1998-05-06 2001-04-24 Csi Technology, Inc. Multiple sensor ultrasonic monitoring device
US6247353B1 (en) 1998-05-04 2001-06-19 Csi Technology, Inc. Digital ultrasonic monitoring system and method
US20040093966A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-05-20 Framatome Anp Inspection probe for an internal wall of a duct
US20040227636A1 (en) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-18 Mamac Systems, Inc. Method of making fluid sensor probe
FR2937420A1 (fr) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-23 Cegelec Sonde de controle d'un tube de generateur de vapeur pour reacteur nucleaire
US20110279952A1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2011-11-17 Gabor Sonyey Portable Vibration Monitoring Device

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2635189B1 (fr) * 1988-08-05 1994-01-14 Framatome Dispositif de controle non destructif d'une soudure circulaire a l'interieur d'un tube de generateur de vapeur
US5046364A (en) * 1990-10-22 1991-09-10 Stasuk David G Hand-held ultrasonic probe
DE9311145U1 (de) * 1993-07-26 1994-11-24 Siemens AG, 80333 München Einrichtung zum Prüfen oder Bearbeiten der Innenoberfläche einer Rohrleitung
DE19617789A1 (de) * 1996-05-05 1997-11-13 Roland Thom Inspektionseinrichtung für Lichtmasten
KR100919878B1 (ko) * 2008-02-13 2009-09-30 두산중공업 주식회사 초음파 탐상장치의 구동장치

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53108488A (en) * 1977-03-04 1978-09-21 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Flaw detector for tubes
JPS54109490A (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-08-28 Hitachi Ltd Ultrasonic probe of tube insertion type
US4241609A (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-12-30 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Tube internal measuring instrument
EP0086341A1 (de) * 1982-01-29 1983-08-24 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Sonde zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung von zylindrischen Hohlräumen, insbesondere von Dampferzeugerrohren
US4586380A (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-05-06 General Electric Company Ultrasonic transducer assembly
US4612808A (en) * 1985-02-19 1986-09-23 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Contact ultrasonic probe holders
EP0276819A1 (de) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-03 Tokyo Electric Power Company Automatische Ultraschall-Testvorrichtung für Wärmetauscherröhren in einem Boiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4856337A (en) * 1987-07-30 1989-08-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and method for providing a combined ultrasonic and eddy current inspection of a tube

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53108488A (en) * 1977-03-04 1978-09-21 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Flaw detector for tubes
JPS54109490A (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-08-28 Hitachi Ltd Ultrasonic probe of tube insertion type
US4241609A (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-12-30 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Tube internal measuring instrument
EP0086341A1 (de) * 1982-01-29 1983-08-24 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Sonde zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung von zylindrischen Hohlräumen, insbesondere von Dampferzeugerrohren
US4523470A (en) * 1982-01-29 1985-06-18 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Probe for the nondestructive testing of cylindrical cavities, especially of steam generator tubes
US4586380A (en) * 1985-01-17 1986-05-06 General Electric Company Ultrasonic transducer assembly
US4612808A (en) * 1985-02-19 1986-09-23 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Contact ultrasonic probe holders
EP0276819A1 (de) * 1987-01-30 1988-08-03 Tokyo Electric Power Company Automatische Ultraschall-Testvorrichtung für Wärmetauscherröhren in einem Boiler
US4872347A (en) * 1987-01-30 1989-10-10 Tokyo Electric Power Co. Automated ultrasonic examination system for heat transfer tubes in a boiler

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5174165A (en) * 1990-08-13 1992-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Flexible delivery system for a rotatable probe
US5146786A (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-09-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Rotary union for use with ultrasonic thickness measuring probe
US6247353B1 (en) 1998-05-04 2001-06-19 Csi Technology, Inc. Digital ultrasonic monitoring system and method
US6220098B1 (en) 1998-05-06 2001-04-24 Csi Technology, Inc. Multiple sensor ultrasonic monitoring device
US5969275A (en) * 1998-06-08 1999-10-19 Zetec, Inc. Probe with replaceable centering feet
US6216539B1 (en) 1998-11-23 2001-04-17 Csi Technology, Inc. Equipment setup for ultrasonic monitoring
US20040093966A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-05-20 Framatome Anp Inspection probe for an internal wall of a duct
FR2847344A1 (fr) * 2002-11-20 2004-05-21 Framatome Anp Sonde de controle d'une paroi interne d'un conduit
EP1422520A1 (de) * 2002-11-20 2004-05-26 Framatome ANP Sensor zur Überwachung die innere Wand eines Rohres
US6915715B2 (en) 2002-11-20 2005-07-12 Framatome Anp Inspection probe for an internal wall of a duct
US20040227636A1 (en) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-18 Mamac Systems, Inc. Method of making fluid sensor probe
US20110279952A1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2011-11-17 Gabor Sonyey Portable Vibration Monitoring Device
US8800374B2 (en) * 2008-10-14 2014-08-12 Aktiebolaget Skf Portable vibration monitoring device
FR2937420A1 (fr) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-23 Cegelec Sonde de controle d'un tube de generateur de vapeur pour reacteur nucleaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2051923T3 (es) 1994-07-01
DE58907631D1 (de) 1994-06-16
FI892088A7 (fi) 1989-12-16
EP0346688A2 (de) 1989-12-20
EP0346688B1 (de) 1994-05-11
EP0346688A3 (de) 1992-03-04
JPH0238857A (ja) 1990-02-08
FI892088A0 (fi) 1989-05-02

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