US5237353A - Process for three-dimensional taking, copying and reproducing of still and moving pictures - Google Patents

Process for three-dimensional taking, copying and reproducing of still and moving pictures Download PDF

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US5237353A
US5237353A US07/691,006 US69100691A US5237353A US 5237353 A US5237353 A US 5237353A US 69100691 A US69100691 A US 69100691A US 5237353 A US5237353 A US 5237353A
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pictures
cameras
lenses
projection
situated
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US07/691,006
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Juan D. Montes
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/20—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using two or more projectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/08—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
    • H04N13/243—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using three or more two-dimensional [2D] image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/189—Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a process and to an optical system which are integrated and in which three-dimensional still or moving pictures are taken, the films coming from the different cameras are copies onto a single film of modest length, and this latter film is reproduced, furnishing new three-dimensional or moving pictures.
  • the invention encompasses cinematographic systems, still signs, slides and video, including television, principally for domestic use, in shop windows, conference rooms and other similar places for exhibition.
  • the Applicant is the holder of the Spanish Patent of Invention with Publication No. 2,000,293 (Application Number 8,603,612), of the Spanish Patent of Invention with Publication Number 20,135,269 (Application Number 8,902,155), and of the Spanish Patent Application being processed 8,900,722 filed on Feb. 28, 1989.
  • the Applicant has filed the Patent Applications PCT/ES 90/00013 and 90/00014, both being processed, as well as other applications corresponding to the Spanish ones, in various countries and at the European Patent Office.
  • the other two systems both of which are front-projection systems, can be employed for the angular differentiation of pictures.
  • the second system employs a single film in only one projector with as many lenses as pictures taken, the latter being mutually separated by the same distance as would occur if individual projectors were involved.
  • the optical axes of the n taking lenses (cameras) For taking a large number of pictures it is advisable to direct the optical axes of the n taking lenses (cameras) towards the point which later, during reproduction, will be situated on the screen. (The number n of lenses or cameras can take several values, always multiples of 3, the value 15 being preferred.) This will avoid the lateral cameras excluding the main motif of the scene from the field. Since each picture is taken with a different lens, which also belongs to a different camera, the focusing of all the optical axes onto the same point is very easily achieved by inclining each camera by the necessary angle in the horizontal plane. This focusing can be done automatically at each moment, controlled using a mechanical system of appropriately synchronised bellows. On the other hand, since the distance between the optical centres of the lenses of the cameras must, in many cases, be less than the breadth of the latter, a tricky problem arises, which has to be resolved using special devices and processes.
  • the Applicant has succeeded in solving these taking problems using a process and a corresponding optical system in such a way that the cameras operate as if their optical centres were situated at a lesser mutual distance than that permitted by the breadth of the cameras, if the latter were situated intimately next to one another.
  • the first step of the overall process of the present invention is aimed at taking still or moving three-dimensional pictures making use of conventional cameras which expose, on film, slide or video tape, as many two-dimensional pictures as there are cameras, these cameras being mounted in several groups, the optical centres of these cameras of each group being situated in a horizontal line and the optical centres being mutually separated by a distance D which is at least equal to the width of a camera; the horizontal lines of the groups are separated by a distance compatible with the size of each camera; two horizontal camera groups are disposed with their optical axes mutually perpendicular, forming 45° with a semitransparent plate which, through one of its surfaces, permits the subject to be observed in background by one camera group, whereas said subject is observed in reflection by the other camera group situated facing the other surface of the plate; the optical axis of a camera X 1 is situated in such a way that its resulting projection remains at the mid-point of the separation between optical axes of the cameras X i-1 and X i+1 (this artifice succeeding in
  • the conjugated pictures that is to say corresponding to the same instantaneous subject, are disposed grouped together in trios, in such a way that the left and right pictures of each trio are copies in a specularly inverted state with respect to the central picture of the same trio, each one of these trios being situated at a different projection height; in this way, the n pictures, preferably fifteen, remain on a single film; the projection to be copied can be direct onto the same film or indirect via a screen, from where another taking camera copies the picture combined from the n individual pictures; in this film, the trios are to be offset by a distance K R , which is that which exists between optical centres of adjacent projection lenses.
  • the third step of the process consists in projecting the pictures at the place of observation, this projection being done using n/3 projection lenses, that is to say as many lenses as picture trios or taking cameras having been used; the projection is performed by adjusting the projection lenses in such a way that the central picture of the film is reproduced directly onto the reproduction screen or via a front reflection by a mirror situated in front of the lenses; the lateral pictures are projected via an additional left reflection or via an additional right reflection, using systems of lateral mirrors; each one of the n/3 projection lenses is situated with a height offset with respect to the adjacent projection lenses which is equal to the height distance which exists between the picture trios of the film; thus, when the film is advanced as a function of three pictures, each projection lens is positioned at a different height, whereas if the film is advanced at a rate of six pictures, each two lenses are positioned at the same height, different from the two following or previous projection lenses.
  • n/3 projection lenses that is to say as many lenses as picture trios or taking cameras having been used
  • the projection
  • the cameras are distributed into 2, 4, 8 . . . , 2 m groups on a platform suitably provided with guide rails; each two camera groups, each one disposed in a common horizontal line, are positioned with mutually perpendicular optical axes, there being interposed between the groups a semitransparent plate forming 45° with the optical axes of these groups and there being disposed a black plate which forms 45° with the semitransparent plate; in the event that four camera groups are provided, these groups are distributed in two supergroups, each one formed by two camera groups with mutually perpendicular optical axes and with a set of (semitransparent and black) interposed plates, the semitransparent plate forming 45° with the optical axes and the black plate forming 45° with the latter plate; the two supergroups are disposed with their optical axes mutually perpendicular and there are interposed another set of (semitransparent and black) plates, the semitransparent plate forming 45° with the optical
  • the arrangement for copying the films or similar corresponding elements consists of n projectors which are disposed in trios of projectors situated at the same height and mutually offset by a distance H in the direction of the height and a distance K R in the longitudinal direction; the films coming from the n taking cameras are positioned facing the respective projectors, in such a way that the left and right pictures of each trio are inverted with respect to that of the central picture; in this way, the picture trios in a film remain offset longitudinally by a distance K R and in height by a distance H.
  • the arrangement for three-dimensional projection of pictures consists of a projector provided with n/3 projection lenses which, via a suite of front, right lateral and left lateral mirrors, projects the pictures onto a transparent screen situated above the set of projecting lenses, the front mirror being located at half the projection distance of the lenses, this projection distance being that existing between these lenses and the virtual screen which would exist in the absence of these mirrors; with this arrangement the n/3 projection lenses are converted into three groups of n projection lenses in total, two of them virtual, on the left and on the right, the real lenses remaining in a central position; these lenses are offset longitudinally by the distance K R and in height by the distance H.
  • FIG. 1 represents diagrammatically the taking of pictures by a group of cameras via a semitransparent plate
  • FIG. 2 represents diagrammatically the taking of pictures by a group of cameras by reflection in the semitransparent plate
  • FIG. 3 represents diagrammatically the taking with the combination of two camera groups with an interposed semitransparent plate
  • FIG. 4 represents an arrangement of taking cameras distributed in four groups, with the appropriate number of interposed semitransparent plates
  • FIG. 5 represents how the picture trios copied according to the invention remain longitudinally distributed on a film
  • FIG. 6 represents a partial optical diagram of the projecting performing with five projection lenses, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 represents diagrammatically in elevation the arrangement of the parts of the projector system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 represents in diagrammatic perspective view a small-sized projection device according to the invention.
  • n is equal to fifteen, or, what amounts to the same thing, fifteen cameras or taking lenses and five projection lenses are used.
  • FIG. 1 represents in a diagrammatic manner how the cameras would be seen in background via a semitransparent plate.
  • this diagram it has been assumed that there are seven cameras disposed one next to the other in a line facing a elongated semitransparent plate positioned in a longitudinal direction forming 45° with the axes of the cameras.
  • the taking cameras C2, C4, C6, C8, C10, C12 and C14 would be projected in the plane of the picture; the distance between optical axes of the taking cameras is D.
  • FIG. 2 is represented in the right-hand part in side view one camera of the eight placed in file and which are situated facing a semitransparent plate positioned in a longitudinal direction forming 45° with the axes of the cameras.
  • the left-hand part of the figure is represented how the cameras C1, C3, C5, C7, C9, C11, C13 and C15 would be observed in reflection; likewise, the distance between optical axes of the taking cameras is D.
  • FIG. 3 is represented the taking arrangement in accordance with the invention, with two camera groups represented on the right in side elevation view, each group being positioned in file in a horizontal line and having a semitransparent plate inserted between them which forms 45° with the respective optical axes.
  • FIG. 3 On the left of this FIG. 3 is represented how the two camera groups would be observed in combination, some in background and others in reflection. With this, the distance between optical axes of two adjacent taking cameras remains D/2. It is clearly demonstrated with the three FIGS. 1 to 3, and in particular with this FIG. 3, that with the artifice developed by the present invention the cameras can be successfully brought optically closer to one another than a distance less than the breadth of each one of them.
  • these cameras have been subdivided into four groups, distributed in two supergroups each composed of two camera groups with mutually perpendicular optical axes and an interposed plate, L1--L1' or L2--L2', combined with a corresponding black plate LN1 or LN2, which absorbs the undesired rays.
  • the supergroup A is composed of the group of cameras C1, C5, C9, C13 disposed in horizontal file facing the transparent surface of the plate L1--L1', and is forming 45° with the optical axes of the cameras in question; the four cameras C2, C6, C10, C14 are disposed in horizontal file facing the other, reflecting, surface of the plate L1--L1'.
  • Perpendicular relative to this subgroup A of cameras is disposed the subgroup B of cameras which consists of a horizontal group of cameras C3, C7, C11 and C15 disposed facing the reflecting surface of a plate L2--L2', placed at 45° with respect to the optical axes of these latter cameras; the black plate LN2 is situated at 45° next to the transparent surface of this plate.
  • each one of the supergroups A and B is regarded as being simple camera groups, these supergroups being disposed with mutually perpendicular optical axes; a plate L3--L3' is inserted between them, and, the transparent surface of this plate L3--L3' forming 45°, there is located the black plate LN3.
  • the black plate LN3 is represented as an optical diagram the distribution of the central and extreme rays from the optical centres of the taking cameras. With this artifice, the distance between optical axes of the cameras situated in each horizontal group is successfully divided by 4. It is clear that, by repeating this arrangement, this distance could be divided consecutively by 2.
  • FIG. 5 is diagrammatically represented how fifteen pictures are combined, coming from the taking cameras C1 to C15, distributed in five picture trios which have been reproduced by projecting the lateral pictures 1-5 and 11-15 in an inverted position with respect to the central pictures 6 to 10.
  • This inversion has been represented in the figure by inverting the picture reference numbers.
  • Also represented in this figure is how the five projection lenses OP1, OP2, OP3, OP4 and OP5 are arranged, as well as the longitudinal distribution on a film of the five picture trios with optical axes mutually offset by the distance K R which is the distance existing between adjacent projection lenses, whereas there is a height distance H between each trio of pictures of the film. This height distance is the same as that which the adjacent projection lenses maintain between themselves in height.
  • FIG. 6 is represented in a partial optical diagram the distribution of the various rays projected from the projection lenses OP1, OP3 and OP4, in order to represent each one of the three possible situations of projection devices, that is to say OP1 representing how the extreme lenses are projected; OP4 representing how the intermediate lenses are projected and OP3 representing how the central lens is projected. Facing these projection lenses are situated the three reflectors, from RF and lateral, right RD and left RI. These reflectors project the fifteen pictures 1 to 15 onto the screen PA, fitting the pictures 1-15 taken into one third of the overall distance.
  • FIG. 7 is represented in sectional side view the arrangement of the lenses OP, of the front reflector RF and of the screen PA. It is observed that the transparent screen PA is situated, in the longitudinal direction, in line with the longitudinal arrangement of the lenses OP1 to OP5.
  • FIG. 8 is represented a small- or medium-sized projecting device with the arrangement of the various parts.
  • this figure is represented as an optical diagram the path of the rays coming from the projection lens OP1 which the pictures 1', 10' and 11' project, via the reflectors RI, RF and RD, onto the transparent screen PA.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
US07/691,006 1990-07-12 1990-07-12 Process for three-dimensional taking, copying and reproducing of still and moving pictures Expired - Fee Related US5237353A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES1990/000024 WO1992001241A1 (es) 1990-07-12 1990-07-12 Un procedimiento y un sistema optico integrado de captacion, copiado y reproduccion tridimensional de imagenes estaticas y en movimiento

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EP (1) EP0491702B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE127244T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2045542C (de)
DE (1) DE69022061T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0491702T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2079479T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1992001241A1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5459537A (en) * 1992-07-28 1995-10-17 Dominguez Montes; Juan Process for the reproduction of three-dimensional images
US5659323A (en) * 1994-12-21 1997-08-19 Digital Air, Inc. System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US6229562B1 (en) 1997-07-08 2001-05-08 Stanley H. Kremen System and apparatus for the recording and projection of images in substantially 3-dimensional format
US20010028399A1 (en) * 1994-05-31 2001-10-11 Conley Gregory J. Array-camera motion picture device, and methods to produce new visual and aural effects
US20030063259A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-03 Huber Timothy N. Methods and apparatus for co-registered motion picture image recording
ES2538012A1 (es) * 2014-10-23 2015-06-16 Digital Centre, S.L. Fotomatón multicámara de efecto tridimensional y procedimiento de funcionamiento del mismo
US9742991B2 (en) 2013-05-24 2017-08-22 Robert Frank Latorre 360 degree photobooth kiosk

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2317753B1 (es) * 2006-07-26 2010-02-04 Universidad De Zaragoza Dispositivo para la filmacion de imagenes estereoscopicas.
CN105556375A (zh) * 2013-08-02 2016-05-04 超视野公司 包括摄像机和分光器的视频成像系统
CN109431459B (zh) * 2018-12-28 2024-04-05 中山联合光电科技股份有限公司 一种新型眼底成像镜头
CN111190325A (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-22 荆门市探梦科技有限公司 一种全固态全息拍摄器

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR439449A (fr) * 1911-04-07 1912-06-13 Guido Segre Procédé et dispositifs pour l'obtention du relief dans les projections cinématographiques
CH181585A (fr) * 1935-05-20 1935-12-31 Nicole Theodore Dispositif optique pour la prise de vues cinématographiques stéréoscopiques.
US2868065A (en) * 1953-05-11 1959-01-13 Warner Bros Stereoscopic camera system
US3225651A (en) * 1964-11-12 1965-12-28 Wallace A Clay Methods of stereoscopic reproduction of images
US3482913A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-12-09 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for composing and enlarging three dimensional pictures
FR2103822A5 (de) * 1970-08-11 1972-04-14 Mandler Klaus
US3657981A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-04-25 Polaroid Corp Direct orthoscopic stereo panoramagram camera
US4327980A (en) * 1980-08-13 1982-05-04 Godin Michael C Method and apparatus for producing optical effects
US4650305A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-03-17 Hineslab Camera mounting apparatus
US4751570A (en) * 1984-12-07 1988-06-14 Max Robinson Generation of apparently three-dimensional images
US4957361A (en) * 1987-03-31 1990-09-18 Imax Systems Corporation Method of producing and displaying a 3-D motion picture

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR439449A (fr) * 1911-04-07 1912-06-13 Guido Segre Procédé et dispositifs pour l'obtention du relief dans les projections cinématographiques
CH181585A (fr) * 1935-05-20 1935-12-31 Nicole Theodore Dispositif optique pour la prise de vues cinématographiques stéréoscopiques.
US2868065A (en) * 1953-05-11 1959-01-13 Warner Bros Stereoscopic camera system
US3225651A (en) * 1964-11-12 1965-12-28 Wallace A Clay Methods of stereoscopic reproduction of images
US3482913A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-12-09 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for composing and enlarging three dimensional pictures
US3657981A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-04-25 Polaroid Corp Direct orthoscopic stereo panoramagram camera
FR2103822A5 (de) * 1970-08-11 1972-04-14 Mandler Klaus
US4327980A (en) * 1980-08-13 1982-05-04 Godin Michael C Method and apparatus for producing optical effects
US4751570A (en) * 1984-12-07 1988-06-14 Max Robinson Generation of apparently three-dimensional images
US4650305A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-03-17 Hineslab Camera mounting apparatus
US4957361A (en) * 1987-03-31 1990-09-18 Imax Systems Corporation Method of producing and displaying a 3-D motion picture

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5459537A (en) * 1992-07-28 1995-10-17 Dominguez Montes; Juan Process for the reproduction of three-dimensional images
US7843497B2 (en) * 1994-05-31 2010-11-30 Conley Gregory J Array-camera motion picture device, and methods to produce new visual and aural effects
US20010028399A1 (en) * 1994-05-31 2001-10-11 Conley Gregory J. Array-camera motion picture device, and methods to produce new visual and aural effects
US8964067B2 (en) 1994-05-31 2015-02-24 Gregory J. Conley Array-camera motion picture device, and methods to produce new visual and aural effects
US8432463B2 (en) 1994-05-31 2013-04-30 Gregory J. Conley Array-camera motion picture device, and methods to produce new visual and aural effects
US5659323A (en) * 1994-12-21 1997-08-19 Digital Air, Inc. System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US6154251A (en) * 1994-12-21 2000-11-28 Taylor; Dayton V. System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US6331871B1 (en) 1994-12-21 2001-12-18 Digital Air, Inc. System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US20020063775A1 (en) * 1994-12-21 2002-05-30 Taylor Dayton V. System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US6933966B2 (en) 1994-12-21 2005-08-23 Dayton V. Taylor System for producing time-independent virtual camera movement in motion pictures and other media
US6229562B1 (en) 1997-07-08 2001-05-08 Stanley H. Kremen System and apparatus for the recording and projection of images in substantially 3-dimensional format
US7142232B2 (en) 1997-07-08 2006-11-28 Kremen Stanley H System and apparatus for recording and projecting 3-dimensional images
US20030063259A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-03 Huber Timothy N. Methods and apparatus for co-registered motion picture image recording
US9742991B2 (en) 2013-05-24 2017-08-22 Robert Frank Latorre 360 degree photobooth kiosk
ES2538012A1 (es) * 2014-10-23 2015-06-16 Digital Centre, S.L. Fotomatón multicámara de efecto tridimensional y procedimiento de funcionamiento del mismo

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0491702T3 (da) 1996-01-15
CA2045542A1 (en) 1992-01-13
EP0491702A1 (de) 1992-07-01
DE69022061T2 (de) 1996-04-18
DE69022061D1 (de) 1995-10-05
EP0491702B1 (de) 1995-08-30
ATE127244T1 (de) 1995-09-15
ES2079479T3 (es) 1996-01-16
CA2045542C (en) 1996-09-03
WO1992001241A1 (es) 1992-01-23

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