US524442A - Brick-kiln - Google Patents

Description

Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. F. KAUL.

BRICK KILN.

- (No Model.)

Patented Aug. 14, 1894.

Wfuesses. 94.

UNITEDv STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL F. KAUL, OF MADISON, NEBRASKA.

BRICK- KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 524,442, dated August 14, 1894.

Application filed March l0, 1894.

To all 1071/0111/ it may con/cern:

Beit known that I, CARL F. KAUL, a citizen of the United Sta-tes, residing at Madison, in the county of Madison and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilnsg and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine..

This invention relates to brick kilns and consistsin certain improvements in the construction of certain kilns described in certain Letters Patent formerly issued to me and numbered 486,972 and 507,274 respectively.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l represents a plan, sectional view of a kiln having my improvements, the section being taken just above the door ot' the kiln. Fig. 2 is a sectional side view of the kiln. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 1;*03 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on line zz of Fig. l. Fig. 5 shows a modification in the construction of the upper part of the kiln. Fig. 6 shows a modiiication in the construction of the rear end of the kiln. Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on the line g/-y of Fig. 6.

The kiln building may be constructed partly on a curve and partly on parallel lines as shown in Fig. 1, the front wall A, being at one end of the structure and the side walls B, B', extending to the rear end of the kiln. The brick compartment is continuous and extends between the walls B, B from one end of the kiln to the other, doors G being placed at intervals for access to the interior. Two main, underground ilues D, D extend along the walls B, B and connect with the chamber M which is built around the smoke stack K. Another main, underground flue E extends along the inner wall B, and is connected with the chamber M by an underground flue F.

The front wall A of the kiln has a number of furnaces a therein, and an innerwall O, in rear of wall A, has openings b therein,which are on lines with furnaces a, for the passage of iire from said furnaces to the interior of the kiln. Vertical iiues d are formed between the front and inner walls A and C, said ilues extending upward and being connected with the interior of the kiln by openings e, c', in

Serial No. 503,164. (No model.)

the wall C. Aslrpits e are located under the furnace grates e. The vertical ilues d are connected laterally by aperturesjwhich are somewhat above the plane of the furnace grates and short passages g are made in the division walls of dues d, and extend'down from apertures f, to an underground lue d', which extends across under the kiln. The short passages g, between flues d, and apertures f, laterally connecting ilues CZ, serve to prevent the coal cinders and gases from accumulating in the flue d below, and also serve to keep the iiue CZ clear for a free passage from the rear end of the kiln to the frontend.

Underground ilues h, 7L', extend under the floor of the kiln and about half Way across from opposite sides and are connected with the interior severally by apertures t' in the iioor. Each flue 7L is in line with a flue 7L', and two f1ues,? and 2, in the Walls of the kiln connect said flues 777L' with the interior. The flues h 7L extend outward and connect with main underground ilues. Slide damper-s Z, Z', in lues h, h', are for regulating the draft from the interior through said ilues to main, underground iiues.

Vertical lues m m', adjacent one to the other, are formed in or built outside of the opposite walls at intervals, both of said flues being connected at their lower ends with one of the main underground iues by branch lues n. The iiues m, m extend upward and are then turned inward, so that the flue m connects with the interior of the kiln at a point about half way from the floor to the top of the kiln, and the flue m connects with a horizontal ilue o on the top of the kiln and extending about one half of the distance across the top-see Fig. 3.

Dampers fn. are provided for iiues m, m. Flues m2 are similar to lues m, and are connected in like manner with underground dues.

The lues o which extend from opposite side walls nearly to the center line of the top of the kiln are removable and are connected with the interior of the kiln by small tlues p. The top covering of the kiln may be in the form of an arch I having perforations in which thimbles are set to form small ilues p, a filling of earth or other suitable material being placed about the thimbles so as to formV a TOO level surface at the top; or the top may be constructed, as seen in Fig. 5, with upper and lower straight surfaces. The fines o, in position extend from tlues m on opposite sides of the kiln nearly to the center line of the top so that each ue o covers one half of a row of apertures p, so that drafts are formed from opposite parts of the interior through the top, then to opposite flues in and downward to opposite, main underground fines.

During the continuous drying, burning and cooling in the kiln, the fines o are moved rearward from time to time, and placed in connection with two opposite dues m and with small flues p of another section of the kiin; and when fines o are removed from one set of flues p, the latter may be closed by means of covers p', as seen in Fig. 3.

As will be seen, the underground iiues 7i, 71,', extending in opposite directions from about 0r near the center line of the kiln, with apertures t' in the floor, connecting the flues h, 7L', severally with opposite parts of the interior, form downward and outward drafts from the interior of the kiln to main, underground tlues one of which is on either side of the kiln and leads to the smoke stack. The flues m, m', in opposite walls B, B', are also independent flues, the fines m forming lateral drafts in opposite directions from the interior and downward to different main underground lines, one of which is on either side of the kiln, and the iiues mforming upward drafts through lues p in the top of the kiln and through tlues o and downward through tliies m to opposite, main underground dues.

Flues h2 are located along the curved portion of the wall B and extend under the door of the kiln about or nearly to the center line of the kiln floor and are connected with the interior of the kiln and with underground flues, by constructions similar to those of flues h. Flues r located at intervals along both walls of the kiln connect the interior with main, underground fiues by branch tlues fr. Dampers are provided for branch dues 7' as seen at s.

J indicates the rear wall of the kiln, said wall being shown in vertical section in Fig. 2. The rear wall is provided with vertical tlues it, u', which connect at their lower ends with an underground fine 7c along said rear Wall. The dues u extend nearly to the top of the wall and are then turned to and connect with the interior, and lines n extend about halfway to the top and are then turned to and connect with the interior as shown in Fig. 2. The fines a, u are provided with dampers c for regulating draft through said ilues.

In the rear wall J is a series of passages from an underground flue u2 to the interior of the kiln, said flue u? extending across the kiln and connecting with iiiies D and E and also with iiue L which is an underground iue which extends across from the rear part of the kiln to the front part. The flue k connects at one end with the flue D and at the opposite end with dues E and L, so that the operation may be continued from the rear end of the -kiln to the front end.

K indicates the smoke-stack around which, at the base, is built a chamber M, in which is placed a furnace R which communicates with the fine of the stack by a downward fine w Within the stack. Fliie openings S are inade in opposite sides of the stack at its base for the draft to enter from the chamber M. An opening in the top of the furnace R is provided with a damper n3.

In Fig. G is shown in elevation, and in Fig. 7 in vertical section, a modification in the construction of the rear part of the kiln, a door T being made in the center of the reai' wall, and a stationary flue w being located on and along the top of said wall and connected with vertical side dues o2 which are provided with dampers z. One of said fines n2, connects flue w', with uiidergiound flue D and the other flue U2 connects due w with underground fiues E and L. A dainpei U in flue E, near the reai end of the kiln, is closed when the connection is made between the rear and the f ioiit end of the kiln through the ilue L. Short vertical fines v4, and c5 are made in the rear lwall J and connect the interior of the kiln with the fille w on the top of the wall. Thus an upward draft is formed through lines et and o5 to flue w', and from thence downward through the side tlues o2, to the fines E and L, and to iue D.

The door T is intended for taking brick into the kiln at its rear end, this being done iisiially by cars. Often the brick are dried in car-driers, said brick being loaded on cars which are run into the drier; and the door T is provided at the rear end of the kiln to admit the loaded cars for suoli purpose and also for burning.

In operation, the kiln may be used by sections continuonsly, one or more sections being first charged with green brick and separated by temporary partitions as indicated atl and 2 in Fig. l; vertical openings aro left in the mass 'of brick in each section, suoli openings extending from top to bottoni, said openings being directly under the iiues p in the top of the kiln and spaced equally both longitudinally and cross-wise of the kiln.

Suppose the first and second sections to be charged with green brick on beginning operation; the doors to those sections of the kiln are closed and the dampers, Z, Z', of Iiues h, 7i', communicating with the interioi of said two sections, are opened; the caps or covers are removed from a line of flues p which are in line with two flues m of the kiln and two removable iues o, are placed in connection with two opposite fines m and with the line of tlues p, the caps having been removed from the latter, so that each flue o is in connec- IOO IIO

tion with one half of the flues p in the row; I

the dampers in iiies m', are then opened. Passages being thus opened from the first and second sections of the kiln to the smoke stack, the fire is then started; the fire and draft from furnaces a, pass rearward through openings b, fines d, and openings c and c to the interior of the kiln, going through the mass of green brick therein, and through the fioor to fines h, h, and from thence to the main, underground fiues and to the smoke stack. Meanwhile the third section of the kiln is being filled with green brick, in like manner with section two, and a temporary partition is placed in rear of section three; two flues o, are placed over another row of fiues p, in the top and farther rearward, the caps being removed as before; the dampersZ and l', of section three, and the damper s of flue r, section three, is opened, as are also the dampers of lines m, m and m2 of said section. Meantime the tiring in the first and second sections having proceeded, the brick in the former being red hot and in the latter nearly dry, fuel is fed to the first section through the flues p in the top of the kiln; the fourth section" is then filled with green brick and the operation is continued as before.

I claim- 1. In a continuous kiln, main underground fines, at and along the opposite sides of the kiln, branch fiues connecting said main flues severally and independently with the interior of the kiln from opposite sides thereof, and a smoke-stack, to which said main fines lead and with which they are severally connected, substantially as set forth and described.

2. The combination with the front Wall of a kiln, provided with a series of furnaces, of an inner wall, provided with openings in lines with said furnaces, vertical flues formed between said front and inner Walls, said vertical flues being connected laterally by apertures above the plane of the furnace grates, short flues or passages which extend downward from said apertures to an underground flue below, substantially as set forth and described.

3. In a kiln, the combination with main underground fines, extending along opposite sides of the kiln and having connections with a smoke-stack, of a series of vertical flues. placed at intervals along the opposite walls and connected at their lower ends with said main fines, some of said vertical fiues having connection with the interior through the top of the kiln and others through the side walls, the vertical fines on each side connecting with the interior of the kiln independently and with opposite parts of the interior, substantially as set forth and described.

4. The combination with the rear wall of a kiln, of a horizontal flue on the top of said wall, vertical flues in said rear wall, connecting with said horizontal flue and with theinterior of the kiln, a vertical flue, on each side of the kiln, connecting with said horizontal flue and extending down to and connecting with underground flues running to a smokestack,substantially as setfortli and described.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL F. KAUL.

Witnesses:

D. G. STUART, A. RUPPERT.

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