US5833841A - Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5833841A US5833841A US08/900,386 US90038697A US5833841A US 5833841 A US5833841 A US 5833841A US 90038697 A US90038697 A US 90038697A US 5833841 A US5833841 A US 5833841A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- lime
- treated
- feeding
- treated water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008278 cosmetic cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010741 Conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
Definitions
- the invention in general, relates to a method of and an apparatus for purifying and maintaining the purity of water and, more particularly, to a novel method and apparatus of the kind in which a substance is utilized to purify water in swimming pools and the like.
- a more specific object of the invention is to provide an apparatus capable of purifying water in swimming pools and the like without recourse to any of the usual and potentially hazardous chemical additives.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an appa-ratus for purifying water in swimming pools by natural, phy-siologically harmless and environmentally safe substances.
- Yet another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for purifying water in swimming pools by such substances as limestone, calcium carbonate or calcite (hereinafter sometimes called lime), carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and air.
- limestone limestone, calcium carbonate or calcite (hereinafter sometimes called lime), carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and air.
- Yet another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for purifying water in swimming pools suitable for cost-efficient retro-fitting in existing filtering circuits.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a method of maintaining the purity of water in swimming pools by simple and effective environmentally safe and physiological-ly harmless means.
- the invention in a preferred embodiment thereof, provides for a novel apparatus for filtering, purifying and softening water in swimming pools or the like where it is substantially constantly recirculated by pumps and conduits, by initially filling a swimming pool with water rendered acidic and hardness-free (softened) by treatment in an ion exchanger, by thereafter adding to the swimming pool water lime water, i.e., a clear saturated solution of one of white lime or hydrate of white lime in an amount yielding a lime-carbonic acid equilibrium, whereby all free carbon dioxide in the water is associated with the carbonate hardness thereof, lime is precipitated when phosphate and sulfate in the water are converted into poorly soluble calcium salts, whereby exogenous matter, such as squamae, cosmetic creams and bath oils are precipitated as lime soap, and inorganic oxidation products are precipitated by calcium ions under the influence of sun light, and whereby calcite adsorbs minute suspended and precipitated particles which defy
- lime in general is understood to mean limestone, calcium carbonate or calcite, but at any rate compounds other than calcium oxide.
- a receptacle such as a swimming pool measuring about 7 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 4 m is filled with 50 m 3 of fresh water fed from a conduit 4 through an ion exchanger 6 for softening by removing both its temporary and its permanent hardness.
- a receptacle such as a swimming pool measuring about 7 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 4 m
- supplemental charging with carbon dioxide by the turbulent mixing of air with the water 1 as, for instance, by a strong water jet 21, or by direct feeding of carbon dioxide, and by feeding lime water 8 from a solution and sedimentation tank 7, a pH value not less than 7, preferably between 7.9 and 8.1, is established for the water.
- lime water is understood to mean a clear and saturated aqueous solution of either white lime or white lime hydrate.
- the output of the solution and sedimentation tank 7 is connected to the swimming pool by way of a conduit provided with a valve 11 and a feed pump 10 and feeding into a conduit 22 connected to the swimming pool.
- the pump 10 and the valve 11 are controlled by a control unit 5 in a manner to be described.
- the contents of the solution and sedimentation tank 7 are replenished as needed the need arises by way of a branch conduit and valve connected to the fresh water conduit 4, excess lime precipitating as lime sludge 9 on the bottom of the tank 7.
- the water jet 21 is connected to the output of a filter 15 and is force-fed by a pump 16.
- the suffusion of carbon dioxide into the water 1 by the jet 21 may be period-ic or constant, and that direct feeding of carbon dioxide into the water 1 may be accomplished by pressurized air or by any other means known in the art.
- the pump 16 feeding the jet 21 may be connected to the control unit 5 to be activated for selective suffusion of carbon dioxide into the water.
- carbon dioxide could be infused into the water under the control of the control unit as pressurized gas by means selectively actuated by the control means in a manner well known in the art.
- the water 1 is continuously recirculated by recirculation pumps 16, 17. In this manner, a lime-carbonic acid equilibrium is established as well.
- the water 1 treated as aforesaid is recirculated by a conduit or pipe 19, recirculation pump 17, filter 15, the valve 14, first conduit 13, a container 12 filled with, for example, 30 dm 3 of crushed 30 mm grain size limestone and thence returned to the swimming pool through second conduit 22.
- a flow pattern would feed all of the water through the container 12.
- the output of filter 15 is connected to the junction of valve 14 connecting to the container 12 and another valve 18 connecting to the swimming pool.
- valve 18 depending upon the state of the valves 14 and 18, either all, none, or a predetermined portion of the water discharged from the filter 15 is fed to the swimming pool through the container 12 so that precipitated calcium ions may be replaced, and the lime-carbonic acid equili-brium may be maintained.
- valve 18 is open and valve 14 is closed the entire output of the pump 17 is fed to the swimming pool through the filter 15.
- the valve 18 is closed and valve 14 is open, the entire output of the pump 17 will be transmitted to the swimming pool through the filter 15 and the container 12. If both valves 14 and 18 are partially open, some of the output of the pump 17 will pass through the container 12, the remainder flowing to the swimming pool directly.
- the relative opening sizes of the valves 14, 18 will determine the proportion of the two water flows. A similar effect could be achieved by a system using a variable output pump 17 instead of two valves 14 and 18.
- the container 12 filled with crushed limestone is an open container disposed such that its overflow is positioned at a higher level than the level of the water in the swimming pool.
- the condition of the water 1 in the swimming pool is monitored by a pH value measuring transducer or sensor 2. Measurement signals emitted by the sensor 2 are fed to a control unit 5 which on the basis of the signals controls the flow rate through the valves 11, 14, and 18 and the output of the pumps 10 and 17 in such a way that the condition or quality of the water 1 in the swimming pool remains substantially uniform.
- the pump 10 may be intermittently driven whenever significant deviations of the pH value from a desired value have been detected by the sensor 2.
- valves 11, 14 and 18 are motorized or solenoid valves. While, as shown, the pumps 16 and 17 are not connected to the control unit 5, it is within the scope of the invention to drive these pumps by the control unit 5 in response to an evaluation of the aforesaid signals.
- the control unit 5 is of a kind well-known in the art and may, for instance, be provided with look-up tables or computer memories in which water-specific equilibrium curves are stored.
- Exogenous substances such as cosmetic creams, bath oils and the like are precipitated as substantially insoluble lime soaps and may thus be mechanically filtered out.
- the water is softened and rendered acidic by removing cations during treatment of the water in the ion exchanger.
- lime water By adding lime water, calcium will dominate at a pH value in excess of 7.
- Sunlight refracted by the water imparts to it a beautiful greenish blue color.
- the quality of the water may be judged by its visual appearance, as contamina-tions result in altered light refraction.
- By feeding oxygen from the air into the water by means of a forceful water jet or by pressurized air, the oxidation process eliminating residual organic matter is substantially enhanced.
- spa-like properties may be imparted to the water.
- the method in accordance with the invention may be practiced with little technical investment, and it allows the utilization of modern control technology for a substantially automatic operation beyond the mere automatic chemical mechanism.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19631472A DE19631472A1 (de) | 1996-07-12 | 1996-08-03 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser |
| EP97111270A EP0818421B1 (de) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-04 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser für Swimmingpoolanlagen |
| DE59700302T DE59700302D1 (de) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-04 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser für Swimmingpoolanlagen |
| ES97111270T ES2137746T3 (es) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-04 | Procedimiento y dispositivo para tratar el agua de las piscinas y mantenerlas limpias. |
| DK97111270T DK0818421T3 (da) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-04 | Fremgangsmåde og apparat til behandling af vandet i et svømmebassin og til renholdning deraf |
| AT97111270T ATE182860T1 (de) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-04 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aufbereitung und reinhaltung von wasser für swimmingpoolanlagen |
| AU28568/97A AU715265B2 (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-10 | Method and appliance for conditioning and pollution control of water |
| US08/900,386 US5833841A (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-12 | Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof |
| CA002210426A CA2210426C (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-14 | Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof |
| GR990402765T GR3031675T3 (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1999-10-27 | Process and apparatus for treatment of water and for keeping it clean |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19628204 | 1996-07-12 | ||
| DE19631472A DE19631472A1 (de) | 1996-07-12 | 1996-08-03 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser |
| US08/900,386 US5833841A (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-12 | Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US5833841A true US5833841A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
Family
ID=27216457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/900,386 Expired - Fee Related US5833841A (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1997-07-12 | Method and apparatus for purifying water and for maintaining the purity thereof |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5833841A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0818421B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE182860T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU715265B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2210426C (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19631472A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0818421T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2137746T3 (de) |
| GR (1) | GR3031675T3 (de) |
Cited By (21)
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| US6061276A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2000-05-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Semiconductor memory device and a semiconductor integrated circuit |
| US6258280B1 (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2001-07-10 | Biotop Landschaftsgestaltung Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for reducing the algae growth in water |
| US20040104180A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2004-06-03 | Jean- Claude Gaudinot | Method and installation for remineralizing raw water |
| US20060186054A1 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2006-08-24 | Webb Cathleen J | Method and composition to reduce the amounts of arsenic in water |
| US20080011686A1 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-01-17 | Rajiv Manohar Banavalie | Method and composition for removing contaminants from an aqueous solution |
| US20080067131A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-03-20 | David Morgan | Mobile system and method for mineral hardness management |
| US20090321368A1 (en) * | 2007-05-13 | 2009-12-31 | King Technology | Control system |
| US7771599B1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-08-10 | Doosan Hydro Technology, Inc. | System and method for using carbon dioxide sequestered from seawater in the remineralization of process water |
| US20110002971A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-06 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Ceria for use as an antimicrobial barrier and disinfectant in a wound dressing |
| US8066874B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2011-11-29 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Apparatus for treating a flow of an aqueous solution containing arsenic |
| US8252087B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2012-08-28 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Process and apparatus for treating a gas containing a contaminant |
| US8349764B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2013-01-08 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Composition for treating a fluid |
| US8475658B2 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2013-07-02 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Water purification device for arsenic removal |
| US8585906B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2013-11-19 | Rayne Dealership Corporation | Regeneration of ion exchange resin and recovery of regenerant solution |
| WO2014183133A1 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-13 | MILLER, A., Whitman | Systems and methods for rapid measurement of carbon dioxide in water |
| WO2015087156A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Crystal Lagoons (Curacao) B.V. | System and method for maintaining water quality in large water bodies |
| US9233863B2 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2016-01-12 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Rare earth removal of hydrated and hydroxyl species |
| US9920498B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2018-03-20 | Crystal Lagoons (Curacao) B.V. | Floating lake system and methods of treating water within a floating lake |
| US9957693B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2018-05-01 | Crystal Lagoons (Curacao) B.V. | Suctioning device for large artificial water bodies |
| US9975787B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2018-05-22 | Secure Natural Resources Llc | Removal of arsenic from aqueous streams with cerium (IV) oxide compositions |
| CN113754128A (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 宿迁市河海大学研究院 | 一种去除地表水厂饮用水中硬度的方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803967A1 (de) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-08-05 | Intrec Ges Fuer Innovative Tec | Verfahren und Anlage zur Wasseraufbereitung, insbesondere für Wasserstrahlschneidanlagen |
| DE10081941D2 (de) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-11-08 | Peter Koslowsky | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser, insbesondere Trinkwasser |
| DE19933181A1 (de) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-02-22 | Wolfgang Lindecke | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Reinhaltung von Wasser |
| US20070187336A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Severn Trent Water Purification, In | Reservoir management system |
| US20080017586A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2008-01-24 | Matousek Rudolf C | Ballast tank circulation management system |
| DE102011082952A1 (de) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-05-31 | Bernd Gierth | Strömungstechnisch durchgebildeter manueller Pool-Bodensauger |
| DE102014216499A1 (de) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-25 | Bwt Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Anlage zur Behandlung von Schwimmbeckenwasser und Schwimmbad mit entsprechender Anlage |
| ES2701007A1 (es) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-02-20 | Dealba Pastor Patents S L | Dispositivo de seguridad de localización de personas durante el baño |
| CN107285432A (zh) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-10-24 | 张家港光洲机械制造有限公司 | 一种自动式水软化系统 |
| AT524879B1 (de) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-02-15 | Veder Waterbox Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Bade-Anlage und Bade-Anlage |
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| CH175037A (de) * | 1937-03-20 | 1935-02-15 | Chem Fab Petunia Ges Mit Besch | Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Algenwucherungen in Freibädern. |
| CH280487A (de) * | 1948-07-02 | 1952-01-31 | Merkantila Ingeniorsbyran Pehr | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Wasser. |
| CH352633A (de) * | 1955-10-05 | 1961-02-28 | Philipp Mueller Nachf Eugen Bu | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Wasser, insbesondere von Brauwasser |
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| DE2843294A1 (de) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-04-10 | Gruenbeck Josef Wasseraufb | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einstellen einer waehlbaren erniedrigung der karbonathaerte |
| US4728442A (en) * | 1984-05-17 | 1988-03-01 | Chlor-Chem Ltd. | Water treatment |
| DE4445689A1 (de) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-27 | Wabag Wassertechn Anlagen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Reinigen von Schwimmbadwasser |
| US5683953A (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1997-11-04 | Mills; Dudley John | Composition for the treatment of swimming pool water |
-
1996
- 1996-08-03 DE DE19631472A patent/DE19631472A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-07-04 EP EP97111270A patent/EP0818421B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-04 DK DK97111270T patent/DK0818421T3/da active
- 1997-07-04 AT AT97111270T patent/ATE182860T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-07-04 DE DE59700302T patent/DE59700302D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-04 ES ES97111270T patent/ES2137746T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-10 AU AU28568/97A patent/AU715265B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-07-12 US US08/900,386 patent/US5833841A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-14 CA CA002210426A patent/CA2210426C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-10-27 GR GR990402765T patent/GR3031675T3/el unknown
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0818421B1 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
| AU715265B2 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
| DK0818421T3 (da) | 2000-02-28 |
| GR3031675T3 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
| DE59700302D1 (de) | 1999-09-09 |
| CA2210426A1 (en) | 1998-01-12 |
| EP0818421A3 (de) | 1998-05-06 |
| ES2137746T3 (es) | 1999-12-16 |
| AU2856897A (en) | 1998-01-22 |
| DE19631472A1 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
| CA2210426C (en) | 2006-10-03 |
| ATE182860T1 (de) | 1999-08-15 |
| EP0818421A2 (de) | 1998-01-14 |
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