US5941338A - Vehicle steering correction system - Google Patents

Vehicle steering correction system Download PDF

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Publication number
US5941338A
US5941338A US08/722,381 US72238196A US5941338A US 5941338 A US5941338 A US 5941338A US 72238196 A US72238196 A US 72238196A US 5941338 A US5941338 A US 5941338A
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United States
Prior art keywords
correction
steering
vehicle
valve
line
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/722,381
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerald Roger Miller
Jack Latrop Wilson, Jr.
James Kenneth Clinkscales
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
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Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
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Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Priority to US08/722,381 priority Critical patent/US5941338A/en
Priority to EP97112958A priority patent/EP0822130B1/fr
Priority to DE69705365T priority patent/DE69705365T2/de
Priority to CA002210954A priority patent/CA2210954C/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5941338A publication Critical patent/US5941338A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D6/00—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
    • B62D6/04—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to forces disturbing the intended course of the vehicle, e.g. forces acting transversely to the direction of vehicle travel

Definitions

  • the present invention involves the steering systems for vehicles, and more particularly to a steering pull and drift correction system for compensating a vehicle during straight ahead driving.
  • a vehicle under normal driving conditions can have a drift or pull to one side or the other generated by road crown, wind, alignment, tires and the like.
  • This drift requires a steady adjustment in the steering wheel angle to compensate for this pull and drift to make the vehicle travel straight ahead.
  • This steering wheel adjustment activates the steering system of the vehicle to add a steering force to cancel the pull and drift that makes the vehicle deviate from going straight ahead.
  • a hydraulic power steering system is an open center system including a pump and reservoir, a flow control valve, a pressure relief valve, a steering control valve and a movable piston inside a power steering cylinder.
  • a hydraulic power steering system utilizes a hydraulically activated piston within the power steering cylinder which is associated with the movement of a rack element of a rack and pinion steering assembly connected to the steerable wheels of the vehicle. Fluid is continually circulated by the pump to the control valve supplying the cylinder before being returned to reservoir portion of the pump and reservoir. When steering assist is required, the driver turns the steering wheel and the power steering control valve diverts fluid to the proper side of the piston. This diversion drives the piston and forces the power steering assembly to turn the wheels of the vehicle; whereby a steering or turning force on the vehicle is produced by way of lateral forces on the tires.
  • a torque motor rotates the torsion bar to provide relative motion between inner and outer sleeves to switch oil passages in a rotary valve which communicate with a power cylinder during unexpected vehicle path variations.
  • the standard steering system is modified by the addition of the torque motor requiring replacement of standard steering components.
  • the traveled path of the vehicle can be monitored and the steering forces to maintain a desired vehicle trajectory can be controlled.
  • the patent of Frank U.S. Pat. No. 5,267,627) discloses a power steering controller which monitors vehicle speed and the torque on the steering shaft.
  • a stability augmentation system including an electric motor is responsive to a command signal generated by the power steering controller.
  • the system includes a hydraulic system having a separate oil pump and valve arrangement along with the electric motor controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid to the power steering cylinder.
  • the system is inoperative over a zone based on vehicle speed and output torque of the steering shaft.
  • one object of the present invention is to find a cost effective means to incorporate a leak in the steering system that can be controlled manually or automatically to correct for a steering pull as needed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple drift control apparatus and for existing vehicles that can easily be adapted to existing hydraulic power steering systems.
  • the present invention provides the means to introduce a controlled leak in the power steering system to provide a lateral force on a vehicle to overcome the natural tendency of the vehicle to pull and/or drift during normal straight ahead driving of the vehicle.
  • the magnitude of the pull is a direct function of the leak magnitude and the back (parasitic) pressure in the system.
  • the leak bypasses hydraulic fluid to one side of the power steering piston causing the steering system to input a steer angle change to the wheels until the added steering force generated on the vehicle is adequate to balance the forces and moments generated by the suspension, steering system, tires, vehicle alignment, road crown, wind and the like during straight ahead driving.
  • a priority flow control valve along with a system valve, a modulating valve and a plurality of correction valves and correction lines are added to the power steering system for diverting hydraulic fluid within the power steering system.
  • the modulating valve, the system valve and the correction valves can be manually or automatically operated.
  • a steering correction system for a power steering system of a vehicle for assisting an operator in controlling straight ahead travel of the vehicle.
  • the power steering system has a hydraulic pump and reservoir, a pressure relief valve and a plurality of main lines for supplying and returning a hydraulic fluid to a power steering assembly mounted on a frame of the vehicle.
  • the steering assembly provides steering forces for wheels of the vehicle.
  • the correction system comprises a plurality of correction lines connected to a main bypass line of the power steering system for diverting and selectively routing a portion of the hydraulic fluid within the power steering system to the steering assembly.
  • the system further comprises a priority valve for receiving the fluid portion from the bypass line and dividing the fluid portion to provide flow into a correction supply line and a correction bypass line of the plurality of correction lines.
  • a system valve is positioned in a first line between the correction supply line and a correction return line and is normally open for routing a first part of the fluid portion to flow from the correction supply line into a correction return line of the plurality of correction lines.
  • a modulating valve is positioned in a second line between the correction supply line and the correction return line for routing an adjustable second part of the fluid portion to the correction return line from the correction supply line.
  • a pair of correction valves are each located in a trim line connected to the correction supply line for routing a third part of the fluid portion through a respective trim line of the plurality of correction lines to the steering assembly when the correction valves are activated, the system valve is closed and the modulating valve is adjusted.
  • the system comprises a logic controller and a switch mechanism for operating and activating each one of the valves to provide a relative magnitude of the second and third parts of the fluid portion. Therefore, the wheels are rotated for adjusting the steering forces on the vehicle and operator supplied steering forces are reduced during straight ahead driving of the vehicle.
  • a steering correction system in combination with a motor vehicle's power steering system for correcting steering drift and pull on the vehicle, so that the vehicle travels a straight ahead path without operator assistance.
  • the vehicle has a power steering system associated with at least one steerable wheel which is displaced to apply a lateral force on the vehicle.
  • the system comprises a steering assembly of the power steering system of the vehicle for displacing the at least one steerable wheel.
  • a hydraulic pump and reservoir of the power steering system of the vehicle is for supplying and returning a steering fluid through a plurality of main lines to the steering assembly.
  • the main lines of the power steering system include a main bypass line.
  • a plurality of correction lines are connected between the bypass line and the steering assembly for selectively routing a portion of the steering fluid within the steering system without the need for additional fluids added to the power steering system.
  • a plurality of valves are selectively located in the correction lines for providing the routing without the use of other mechanical components added to the power steering system.
  • a logic controller and a switch mechanism is for electrically operating the plurality of valves based on a desired steering correction to the steering pull. The steering pull and drift is compensated without continuous steering inputs by the operator.
  • an improved method for correcting a drift and pull on a vehicle having a power steering system.
  • the power steering system includes a hydraulic pump and reservoir for supplying a steering assembly with a power steering fluid through a plurality of main lines.
  • the method includes a first steps of cutting a main bypass line of the plurality of main lines for rerouting a portion of the steering fluid.
  • a second step includes providing a plurality of steering correction system lines connected to the main bypass line for selectively diverting at least part of the fluid portion to the steering assembly.
  • the method includes providing a plurality of steering correction system valves located in the plurality of correction lines.
  • a fourth step includes selectively routing the fluid portion so that a first part of the fluid portion may be returned to the hydraulic pump through a system valve of the plurality of correction valves, a second part of the fluid portion may be returned to the hydraulic pump through a modulating valve of the plurality of correction valves and a third part of the fluid portion may be diverted to the steering assembly.
  • a fifth and final step includes controlling the relative first, second and third parts of the fluid portion by using a logic controller and a switch mechanism for selectively opening and closing the plurality of correction valves to correct for right and left drift and pull on the vehicle for straight ahead driving.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating the interconnected components of a vehicle's power steering system with the steering correction system of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship of the power steering system and the steerable wheels of a vehicle having a rear linkage steering system;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operational modes of a correction switch mechanism of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship of the power steering system and the steerable wheels of a vehicle having a front linkage steering system
  • FIG. 5 is logic flow diagram showing the operating decisions in providing drift control of a vehicle according to the invention.
  • the system of this invention simulates a power steering leak which the driver can manually adjust or is automatically tuned to offset vehicle drift and/or pull generated by road crown, wind, vehicle alignment, and tires during straight ahead driving.
  • the drift and pull control system taps into the lines of a vehicle's power steering system and can be added to the vehicle as an aftermarket device.
  • the system of the present invention does not require additional power steering cylinders, mechanical arms or electrical motors as it makes use of the existing power steering systems.
  • the rack or power gear as a steering assembly and the existing power steering pump and reservoir as a hydraulic fluid power source along with the relief valve can be used.
  • the references disclose additional means, being added sensors, cylinders and electrical motors, for example, to establish the steering location and correct the system for "straight ahead driving" against pull and drift.
  • the present invention uses the balance of forces in the steering system to determine "straight ahead", as determined by the driver or an automatic torque and ⁇ or angle averaging device.
  • the vehicle is made to travel straight ahead without the need for providing a steering torque or for turning the steering wheel.
  • the drift and pull control system requires much smaller steering forces than those necessary for turning the vehicle during cornering and like. Therefore, the excess power capability of the standard power steering system of the vehicle during straight ahead driving is adequate for providing the fluid power necessary for the drift control system of this invention, as further defined in this description.
  • the drift control system of this invention is added to a vehicle's existing power steering system, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the commonly used power steering system PS of a vehicle includes a pump and reservoir 7 with a pressure relief valve 5.
  • the reservoir contains a power steering fluid and the pump is powered by a motor of the vehicle.
  • the pump supplies power steering fluid to an inlet port A of a main priority valve 4A through a pump output line 20.
  • the main priority valve discharges fluid through a discharge port B into a main supply line 22 connected to a power steering control valve 8, which is one component a steering assembly SA of the vehicle.
  • the steering assembly SA When an operator steers the vehicle the steering assembly SA is activated by the control valve 8. Power steering fluid is pumped into a power steering cylinder 10 to one side or the other of a power steering piston 12.
  • a left cylinder line 16 supplies the left side of the cylinder and a right cylinder line 18 supplies the right side of the cylinder.
  • the steering piston drives a steering shaft or rack 14 to moved it to the left 14a or to the right 14b for turning the steerable wheels so that the tires of the vehicle provide lateral steering forces on the vehicle from the road surface.
  • Left or right in this discussion refers to respective sides of the vehicle as viewed looking in the direction of travel of the vehicle having a forward velocity V (FIG. 2).
  • Power steering systems are designed to generally provide a constant fluid power supply to the steering assembly SA through the main supply line 22.
  • a variable bypass portion of the power steering fluid depending on the output of the pump is discharged from a bypass port C of the main priority valve 4A through a main bypass line 24.
  • the bypass line connects with the main return line 40 to return fluid to the pump and reservoir 7.
  • the amount of fluid in the bypass line changes as the output of the pump is changed.
  • a pressure relief valve 5 is normally provided in association with the pump and reservoir to protect the system from excess fluid pressures.
  • the steering correction system CS diverts power steering fluid from a location 24a on the main bypass line 24 to an input port A' of a system priority valve 4B of the steering correction system, as further illustrated in FIG. 1. At least a portion of the diverted power steering fluid is for supplying an additional amount of power steering fluid to the steering assembly SA from an output port B' of the system priority valve through a correction system supply line 26.
  • a correction system bypass line 25 is supplied from the bypass port C' of the system priority valve 4B to control the amount of diverted fluid made available for the steering assembly SA through the correction supply line 26.
  • the correction bypass line is connected to a correction system return line 44 that connects with the main bypass line 24 at another location 44a.
  • That portion of the diverted power steering fluid in the correction supply line 26 is available to be supplied to one side or the other of the power steering piston 12 within the power steering cylinder 10, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the addition of the diverted fluid portion to one side of the piston increases the pressure on that side causing the piston to move the rack or shaft 14 so that the steering forces on the vehicle are changed to provide a steering correction.
  • the diverted fluid in the correction system supply line 26 must be directed either to the right cylinder line 18 or the left cylinder line 16 as they come from the power steering control valve 8 to the power steering cylinder 10 of the steering assembly SA.
  • a left correction valve 2 is provided to correct for the vehicle having a pull or drift to the left during normal straight ahead driving.
  • the left correction valve supplies fluid through a left correction or trim line 28 to a location 18a of the right cylinder line 18.
  • a right correction valve 1 is provided to correct for the vehicle having a pull or drift to the right during normal straight ahead driving.
  • the right correction valve supplies fluid through a right correction or trim line 29 to a location 16a of the left cylinder line 16.
  • Both correction valves are normally closed (N.C.) unless activated to open by the correction switch mechanism 30.
  • Back flow preventors 1A and 2A prevent the pressures in left and right cylinder lines 16 and 18 from pressurizing the correction system during normal driving and turning operational conditions of the vehicle. In an alternate configuration, the backflow preventors can be included within the correction valves 1 and 2.
  • the power steering system pressure relief valve 5 will limit the amount of fluid pressure within the system and protect the system against high fluid pressures.
  • the logic controller 60 controls the correction switch mechanism and valves for deciding which correction valve should be operated, as disclosed in more detail later in this discussion.
  • the power steering system When the drift control system is inactive, or not required due to acceptable vehicle drift or pull, the power steering system performs normally.
  • the fluid flowing in the correction supply line 26 from the system priority flow control valve 4B is diverted back to the pump and reservoir 7 by a normally open (N.O.) system valve 3 and/or a modulating valve 5 through return lines 44, 24 and 40.
  • the system valve is installed in a first line 43 connecting the correction supply line 26 to the correction return line 44.
  • the modulating valve is installed in a second line 46 connecting the correction supply line 26 with the correction return line 44.
  • Another pressure relief valve (not shown) can also be provided between the correction system supply line 26 and the correction system return line 44 to provide addition protection against excess system pressures.
  • the modulating valve 6 provides for controlling the amount of diverted power steering fluid that will be supplied to the steering assembly SA when one of the two correction valves 1 or 2 is open.
  • the driver adjusts the modulating valve 6 to change the amount of drift control until satisfied.
  • a progressive closing of the modulating valve will increase the effort of the drift control where opening the modulating valve will decrease the amount of effort by the drift control.
  • the modulating valve can be set to allow for a variable flow rate from zero to a maximum value.
  • the maximum flow rate value for the modulating valve provides for little or no flow to the steering assembly. This flow rate modulation can be controlled manually by an operator or automatically by the logic controller. Modulation controls the magnitude of the steering correction to be only enough to correct for the pull or drift of the vehicle as necessary or desired.
  • the modulating valve 6 and the system valve 3 can be combined into a single modulating/system valve 63, as illustrated by the dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • This modulating/system valve must be operated to have a normally open position when the correction valves 1 and 2 are both closed so that the fluid flowing in the correction supply line 26 can be returned to the pump and reservoir 7.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a vehicle with a rear steering system.
  • Fluid enters one side or other of the steering cylinder 10 to force the piston 12 to move the rack or shaft 14 either to the left 14A or to the right 14B.
  • Both shafts work to turn the steerable wheels W of the vehicle in one direction or the other to introduce either forces R to the right or forces L to the left at the tires on the vehicle.
  • the rack shaft moves so that shaft extends to the right 14B from the cylinder 10
  • the forces R to the right are introduce to provide a correction for the vehicle pulling and/or drifting to the left.
  • the shaft moves so that the shaft extends to the left 14A from the cylinder the forces L to the left are introduced to provide a correction for the vehicle pulling and/or drifting to the right.
  • the right trim line 29 is connected at the location 16a of the left cylinder line 16 supplying the left steering chamber 10L on the other side (left) of the piston 12 inside the cylinder 10.
  • Providing an increased fluid pressure ⁇ PL in the left steering chamber of the cylinder steers the vehicle to the left to provide a correction for a vehicle drift or pull to the right.
  • a right correction steer angle CR is associated with a rotation of the wheels W counterclockwise providing a force L to the right at the tires on the vehicle.
  • the operator can set the switch arm 34 of the correction switch mechanism 30 in a position which closes normally open system valve 3 and opens either normally closed (N.C.) valve 1 or normally closed valve 2, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the correction switch mechanism 30 is shown in more detail in this illustration.
  • the open control switch arm 34 allows the valves to operate in their normally open or normally closed positions. When the switch arm is in position 34a the system valve 3 is closed and right correction valve 1 is opened. When the switch arm is in position 34b the system valve is also closed and the left correction valve 2 is opened.
  • the correction switch mechanism 30 can also be made to operated automatically by using solenoids 3a and 1a or 2a to open or close a respective valve (FIG. 3). Electrical connection is made by switch arm 34 closing a respective circuit.
  • electrical power E When electrical power E is supplied to the switch mechanism it changes from its normal (no power) operating condition to the opposite powered condition.
  • the switch arm 34 When the switch arm 34 is moved to the near side position 34a the cables 32 and 36 are energized to change the N.O. system switch to become closed and to change the right correction N.C. valve 1 to become open.
  • the switch arm is moved to the far side position 34b the cables 32 and 38 are energized to again change the N.O. system valve to become closed and change the left correction valve 2 to become open.
  • the valves of this steering correction system are standard in the industry and are operated by standard solenoids also known in the industry.
  • a vehicle having a front steering system is as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the influence of each side of the power steering cylinder 10 is reversed.
  • Added pressure ⁇ PR in the right chamber 10r of the power steering cylinder 10 steers the vehicle to the left
  • added pressure ⁇ PL in the left chamber 10L of the power steering cylinder 10 steers the vehicle to the right.
  • the pressure on the piston 12 operates in the same manner.
  • the normally closed correction valves 1 and 2 operate with a different or opposite logic. This requires the left trim line 28 to be connected at the location 16a on the left cylinder line 16, and further requires the right trim line 29 to be connected at the location 18a on the right cylinder line 18. This simple reversal of the correction line connections provides the drift control system for a vehicle with the front steering system.
  • the correction system can be operated manually or modified to operate automatically. Both manual and automatic operations are described by referring to a flow and logic diagram, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the operator of the vehicle can visually sense the steering wheel angle A and feel the amount of torque T being applied to the steering shaft or perceive an undesirable vehicle trajectory. The magnitude of these parameters can be evaluated by the operator. Logical decisions can be made by the operator if these values appear to be too large.
  • electromechanical sensors can be placed on the steering shaft and the steering wheel to provide signals which are processed electrically within a circuit of a logic controller. Electrical signals can be generated for automatic operation of the steering correction system by a steering angle sensor 17 and/or a steering torque sensor 13. Both sensors types are known in the industry.
  • Controlling the respective valves of the correction system is associated with making the correct decisions and taking appropriate action; either manually by the operator or electrically by using sensors and electromechanical components. Electrical components and logic circuits within the logic controller can automatically generate electrical signals to operate the valves using solenoids.
  • the logic controller can be a person or electrical components.
  • the logic controller processes torque T and/or angle A information from the steering column S or steering wheel 15 (FIGS. 2 and 4) and periodically adjusts the valves of the steering correction system CS so that the desired torque TO and/or angular values AO are obtained.
  • a logic circuit decision is made to see if valve setting are to be maintained by comparing the torque T with the desired torque TO and the steering wheel angle A with the desired angle AO. If actual values are less than the desired values the existing valve settings are maintained. If actual values are larger than desired, the drift and/or pull on the vehicle is evaluated to determine if there is a tendency for the vehicle to move left or right during straight ahead driving. Electrically the angle A and the torque T can have either plus (+) or minus (-) values with a computed value for each.
  • the correction switch 30 is activated to open the right correction valve 1 and the system valve 3 is closed, as shown in the flow diagram of FIG. 5. If there is a left drift or pull tenancy the correction switch is activated to open the left correction valve and close the system valve.
  • the modulating valve is also opened with the activation of either the left or the right correction valve.
  • the modulating valve is adjusted to a provide a new position of the rack 14 within the steering assembly SA. The greater the modulating valve is opened the greater the change in the steer angle CL or CR of the wheels. Therefore, the greater the wheel angle becomes the greater the drift and pull correction forces become (FIGS. 2 and 4).
  • Changing the lateral forces R or L on the wheels changes the actual steering wheel angle A and steering shaft torque T necessary to provide straight ahead travel of the vehicle. If the resulting correction has provided new angle and torque values which are within the desired values for angle AO and torque TO, the valve settings can be maintained. That is, if T ⁇ TO and A ⁇ AO, the correction system has satisfied the operator's demands and the drift and/or pull has been corrected. The vehicle will travel ahead with little or no angle and torque for improved on-center feel by the operator while driving the vehicle.
  • the present invention requires only the addition of fluid lines and associated plumbing to the existing steering system without the addition of cylinders or other major components.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be a modification of the existing conventional hydraulic power steering system.
  • the systems best adapted for the present system of this invention utilize a power rack and pinion steering gear. However, it is also applicable to a power worm and sector gear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
US08/722,381 1996-08-01 1996-09-30 Vehicle steering correction system Expired - Fee Related US5941338A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/722,381 US5941338A (en) 1996-08-01 1996-09-30 Vehicle steering correction system
EP97112958A EP0822130B1 (fr) 1996-08-01 1997-07-28 Dispositif de correction de l'angle de direction d'un véhicule
DE69705365T DE69705365T2 (de) 1996-08-01 1997-07-28 Vorrichtung zur Lenkwinkelkorrektur für ein Fahrzeug
CA002210954A CA2210954C (fr) 1996-08-01 1997-07-31 Dispositif compensateur de direction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2365296P 1996-08-01 1996-08-01
US08/722,381 US5941338A (en) 1996-08-01 1996-09-30 Vehicle steering correction system

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US5941338A true US5941338A (en) 1999-08-24

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US08/722,381 Expired - Fee Related US5941338A (en) 1996-08-01 1996-09-30 Vehicle steering correction system

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US (1) US5941338A (fr)
EP (1) EP0822130B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2210954C (fr)
DE (1) DE69705365T2 (fr)

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EP0822130B1 (fr) 2001-06-27
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DE69705365D1 (de) 2001-08-02
CA2210954C (fr) 2001-10-23
DE69705365T2 (de) 2001-10-31

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