US6164406A - Multiple-axle steering system for agricultural harvesting machines - Google Patents

Multiple-axle steering system for agricultural harvesting machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US6164406A
US6164406A US09/060,916 US6091698A US6164406A US 6164406 A US6164406 A US 6164406A US 6091698 A US6091698 A US 6091698A US 6164406 A US6164406 A US 6164406A
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Prior art keywords
steering
axle
primary
steering system
controlled
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US09/060,916
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Norbert Diekhans
Heinz Pickert
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Claas KGaA mbH
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Claas KGaA mbH
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Assigned to CLAAS KGAA reassignment CLAAS KGAA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KIEKHANS, DR. NORBERT, PICKERT, HEINZ
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
    • B62D7/15—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
    • B62D7/1509—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels with different steering modes, e.g. crab-steering, or steering specially adapted for reversing of the vehicle

Definitions

  • Multiple-axle steering systems of the generic kind are used where different applications of agricultural machines make it necessary to adapt the properties of the machine's maneuverability and tracking capability to the environment within which the machine is operating. These increased demands can be met by various types of steering systems described briefly below.
  • the primary-controlled axis of a generic multiple-axle steering system is usually controlled hydrostatically or electrohydraulically.
  • the variation in steering deflection angle along a progressive characteristic curve means that the steering deflection angle of the primary-controlled axle in a range around the zero position initially corresponds to only a slight steering deflection of the secondary axle.
  • the steering deflection angle of the secondary axle progressively approaches the steering deflection angle of the primary-controlled axle.
  • the use of a progressive characteristic curve facilitates smooth steering when driving on the road, where usually minimal steering deflection is performed by the machine operator. Maneuverability of the machine can be achieved because the greater steering deflection of the primary-controlled axle causes correspondingly great steering deflection of the secondary axle.
  • the progressive characteristic curve for all the above-mentioned steering modes provides a standard steering strategy for the use of all-wheel steering in combination with special types of synchronous steering.
  • the primary-controlled axle is the front axle in the direction of travel of the machine, unless some other definition is expressly chosen.
  • the secondary axle is the rear axle in the direction of travel.
  • the embodiment of the multiple-axle steering system having a primary-controlled front axle controlled by a steering regulator and a solenoid valve furthermore makes it possible to eliminate the special problem of linking between synchronous steering mode and all-wheel steering mode. If the machine is provided with the multiple-axle steering system according to the invention, a large angle of adjustment is preselected for the rear axle by means of the adjusting device (crab steering); and if a shift of the progressive characteristic curve has taken place due to this adjustment, then an additional steering deflection by the operator in the same direction the front and rear wheels are already turned as a result of diagonal driving, causes a steering turn of the rear axle in the opposite direction of deflection which in certain circumstances proceeds very rapidly.
  • the adjusting device crab steering
  • the logic components of the individual steering regulator units can be implemented as separate software tasks.
  • the logic components of the steering regulator units can be constructed on common microprocessor hardware.
  • an extra microprocessor which, as a microcontroller, monitors the signal inputs and outputs of the steering regulator units. Should the microprocessor detect a malfunction of one of the steering regulator units, then the microprocessor can take over the function of the faulty steering regulator unit.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram with various kinds of shifts of the progressive basic characteristic curve, without variation in the curve shape
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram with a greatly shifted progressive characteristic curve
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram in which progressive basic characteristic curves with different pitch in the coordinate origin are plotted
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic basic view of a simple construction of a multiple-axle steering system embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is also plotted a shift of the original characteristic curve RA from FIG. 1 along a line which is inclined at 45 degrees to the ordinate and corresponds to the front axle characteristic curve FA.
  • the shift is comprised of a shift portion B as well as a shift portion C of equal magnitude.
  • a shift of the original characteristic curve RA of this kind represents in practice the accomplishment of the "crab steering" mode.
  • the front and rear wheels are in this case turned by a given amount in the same direction. Starting from this crab steering basic setting, deflection of the rear wheels then occurs according to the original characteristic curve RA symmetrically about the preselected crab steering setting.
  • the crab steering mode may be used, for example, when parallel driving along a steep slope.
  • the driver's cab 23 of the vehicle is arranged to be pivoted 180° as a whole unit, so that the driver's cab 23 with the steering wheel 14 now points in the new working direction, shown by the arrow 10.
  • the new position of the driver's cab 23 is signalled to the steering regulator units SRU R 6 and SRU F 17 by a cab position scanner 24.
  • the autopilot scanner 20 is now on the front side which is opposite the front side according to FIG. 8.
  • the switch 21 in the steering regulator unit SRU R 6 of what is now the front axle was brought into the position shown in FIG. 9 by reversal of the working direction. Therefore, in contrast with the view of FIG.
  • the position of the potentiometer shown in FIG. 13 signifies a pitch of zero of the characteristic curve RA at the origin.
  • Adjoining the "tilt" range is a "shift” range. At the transition from one range to the other, the characteristic curve pitch is automatically reset, and only then can a shift of the characteristic curve from the origin of the characteristic curve take place.
  • Adjoining the second "shift" range in the embodiment shown here is in addition a so-called “crab steering” position.
  • the "crab steering" range involves fixed crab steering which differs from the "shift” range by a larger range of 0-15 degrees, for example.
  • the adjusting device AD F for the front axle which is also shown in FIG. 13 and labelled as "autopilot centre adjuster" 19, is able to carry out a manual correction of the already described autopilot function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
  • Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
US09/060,916 1997-04-18 1998-04-15 Multiple-axle steering system for agricultural harvesting machines Expired - Lifetime US6164406A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19716201A DE19716201B4 (de) 1997-04-18 1997-04-18 Mehrachslenkung
DE19716201 1997-04-18

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US (1) US6164406A (de)
EP (1) EP0872407A3 (de)
DE (1) DE19716201B4 (de)
PL (1) PL192778B1 (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6371243B1 (en) * 2001-02-13 2002-04-16 Genie Industries, Inc. True crab steering apparatus
US20040032120A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-02-19 Esa Vaisanen Progressive steering system
US7073620B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-07-11 Oshkosh Truck Corporation Vehicle steering system having a rear steering control mechanism
US7278511B1 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-10-09 Polaris Industries Inc. Controller for steering a vehicle
US7316288B1 (en) 2003-01-27 2008-01-08 Polaris Industries Inc. All terrain vehicle with multiple steering modes
US20130054092A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-02-28 Audi Ag Motor vehicle
US20130060424A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2013-03-07 Advanced Public Transport Systems B.V. Steering arrangement for a vehicle which is movable along a predefined path in use, being automatically steered via at least one first axle, as well as a vehicle provided with such a steering arrangement
US9195232B1 (en) 2014-02-05 2015-11-24 Google Inc. Methods and systems for compensating for common failures in fail operational systems
US20150375782A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Danfoss Power Solutions Aps Method for controlling steering of a vehicle
ES2599960A1 (es) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-06 Francisco MORENO MARTÍNEZ Cosechadora para recolección de frutos, perfeccionada
EP1523872B2 (de) † 2003-10-16 2017-02-22 Deere & Company Landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine
US20180170425A1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Hyundai Motor Company Method for side slip angle variable control of vehicle having rear wheel steering system
US10086868B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2018-10-02 Cnh Industrial America Llc Four wheel steering with independent control valves
US10689029B2 (en) * 2018-04-12 2020-06-23 Cnh Industrial America Llc Four-wheel steering with front/rear matching geometries
CN112441113A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2021-03-05 迪尔公司 斜坡上的自动折腰式转向

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DE19853085B4 (de) 1998-11-18 2014-03-20 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Verfahren zum Justieren einer an einer Feldmaschine befestigten Sensoreinheit sowie eine Justiereinrichtung und eine Feldmaschine
DE10065551B4 (de) * 2000-12-28 2007-11-08 Sauer-Danfoss Holding Aps Lenksystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE10362322B4 (de) * 2003-04-16 2015-11-26 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Fahrwerkslenkung für eine landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine und Verfahren zur Steuerung lenkbarer Räder eines Fahrwerks einer landwirtschaftlichen Arbeitsmaschine
DE10317812B4 (de) * 2003-04-16 2014-05-28 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine mit einer Fahrwerkslenkung
DE10346888A1 (de) * 2003-10-09 2005-05-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Fernsteuereinheit zum Rangieren eines Fahrzeugs
GB0417526D0 (en) * 2004-08-06 2004-09-08 Electro Systems Ltd Improvements in and relating to steering apparatus
DE102005005761A1 (de) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-10 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Landfahrzeug mit automatischer Lenkung
DE102005025966A1 (de) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-21 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Lenksystem für landwirtschaftliche Fahrzeuge
DE102006037588B4 (de) * 2006-08-11 2011-04-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur automatischen oder teilautomatischen spurtreuen Mehrachslenkung eines Straßenfahrzeugs und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
JP4341665B2 (ja) * 2006-10-13 2009-10-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両操舵制御装置
CH698786B1 (de) * 2006-11-01 2009-10-30 Josef Knuesel Steuersystem für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere einen Traktor und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Fahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Traktors.
RU2332824C1 (ru) * 2007-03-22 2008-09-10 Российская академия Сельскохозяйственных наук Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства (ГНУ ВИЭСХ) Система управления движением мобильного подвижного сельскохозяйственного объекта
GB2448471A (en) * 2007-04-20 2008-10-22 Advanced Transp Systems Ltd Vehicle with backup mode for four wheel steering
DE102009017831A1 (de) 2009-04-20 2010-10-21 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Korrigierte Zwangslenkung für gelenkte Anhänger/Auflieger an mehrachsgelenkten land-oder forstwirtschaftlichen Zugfahrzeugen
CN103921834B (zh) * 2014-04-14 2016-03-16 洛阳映山红拖拉机有限公司 控制轮式拖拉机液压转向和制动的可视无线遥控系统
DE102021115079A1 (de) 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Kalverkamp Innovation Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Fahrsteuerung einer landwirtschaftlichen Maschine
DE102021119953A1 (de) 2021-08-02 2023-02-02 CLAAS Hungária Kft. Transportanhänger und Straßentransport eines Vorsatzgerätes
DE102021129151A1 (de) 2021-11-09 2023-05-11 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Lenksystem für ein landwirtschaftliches Arbeitsfahrzeug
DE102023131190A1 (de) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-15 Krone Agriculture Se Landmaschine

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6371243B1 (en) * 2001-02-13 2002-04-16 Genie Industries, Inc. True crab steering apparatus
US20040032120A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-02-19 Esa Vaisanen Progressive steering system
US7278511B1 (en) 2003-01-27 2007-10-09 Polaris Industries Inc. Controller for steering a vehicle
US7316288B1 (en) 2003-01-27 2008-01-08 Polaris Industries Inc. All terrain vehicle with multiple steering modes
US7073620B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-07-11 Oshkosh Truck Corporation Vehicle steering system having a rear steering control mechanism
EP1523872B2 (de) † 2003-10-16 2017-02-22 Deere & Company Landwirtschaftliche Arbeitsmaschine
US20130060424A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2013-03-07 Advanced Public Transport Systems B.V. Steering arrangement for a vehicle which is movable along a predefined path in use, being automatically steered via at least one first axle, as well as a vehicle provided with such a steering arrangement
US20130054092A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-02-28 Audi Ag Motor vehicle
US8983728B2 (en) * 2011-08-23 2015-03-17 Audi Ag Motor vehicle with control of rear-wheel steering
US9195232B1 (en) 2014-02-05 2015-11-24 Google Inc. Methods and systems for compensating for common failures in fail operational systems
US9707998B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2017-07-18 Danfoss Power Solutions Aps Method for controlling steering of a vehicle
US20150375782A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Danfoss Power Solutions Aps Method for controlling steering of a vehicle
ES2599960A1 (es) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-06 Francisco MORENO MARTÍNEZ Cosechadora para recolección de frutos, perfeccionada
US20180170425A1 (en) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Hyundai Motor Company Method for side slip angle variable control of vehicle having rear wheel steering system
CN108216257A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-29 现代自动车株式会社 对具有后轮转向系统的车辆进行侧滑角可变控制的方法
US10526012B2 (en) * 2016-12-15 2020-01-07 Hyundai Motor Company Method for side slip angle variable control of vehicle having rear wheel steering system
CN108216257B (zh) * 2016-12-15 2022-07-22 现代自动车株式会社 对具有后轮转向系统的车辆进行侧滑角可变控制的方法
US10086868B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2018-10-02 Cnh Industrial America Llc Four wheel steering with independent control valves
US10689029B2 (en) * 2018-04-12 2020-06-23 Cnh Industrial America Llc Four-wheel steering with front/rear matching geometries
CN112441113A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2021-03-05 迪尔公司 斜坡上的自动折腰式转向
US11440551B2 (en) * 2019-09-04 2022-09-13 Deere & Company Automatic crab steering on side hills
CN112441113B (zh) * 2019-09-04 2024-05-07 迪尔公司 斜坡上的自动折腰式转向

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EP0872407A2 (de) 1998-10-21
PL192778B1 (pl) 2006-12-29
EP0872407A3 (de) 2000-10-18
DE19716201A1 (de) 1998-10-22
DE19716201B4 (de) 2012-11-15
PL325856A1 (en) 1998-10-26

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