US656208A - Reversing steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 656,208. Patented Aug. 2r, |900. c. A. PAvnsoNs a. A. A. c. swmToN. REVERSING` STEAM TUBBINE.

` (Application led Noj. 19, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

N. D. c mi nofws r'nnns co. @Ann-uma.. wAsmNsTo No. 656,208. y y Patented Aug. 2|, 1900.

c. A. PARSONS & A. A. c. swlNToN.

REVERSING STEAM TURBINE.

(Appliction led Nov. 19, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNrTnn STATES PATENT Orr-ics.

CHARLES ALGERNON `PARSONS, OF -NEWCASTLE-UPON-'IYNE, AND ALAN ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL Sl/VINTON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

REVERSING STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 656,208, dated August 21, 1900. Application tiled November 19, 1897. Serial No. 659,141. v(No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS,engineer,residin g at Heaton Works, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county otNorthumberland,and ALAN ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL SWINTON, engineer, residing at 66 Victoria street,Vestmilister, London, S. W., England, subject-s of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reversing Steam-Turbines, ot which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to steam-turbines which require to be reversed, such as turbines for marine propulsion, locomotives, and autocars, and it is applicable to other purposes where a reversing turbine i's required.

In steam-turbines as at present constructed certain ditcult-ies are found in effectively reversing the direction of the rotation. method of reversing already adopted by one of the present applicants a special set of reversing jets and blades is applied to a marine steam-turbine, and when it is desired to reverse the engine the steam-supply is out oit from the main turbine and sent through the reversing blades or jets only. This device enables the turbine to be reversed; but the reversing power is not great, as it is impossible to use any great number or series of reversing turbines without increasing complexity and diminishing the efficiency of the turbine when running in its normal direction.

The object of our invention is to overcome the difficulties and complexities of the ordinary method and to obtain a powerfulreversal of a steam-turbine without appreciable cornplication of its mechanical construction.

Our invention consists in an improved form of turbine-blade by the use of which a turbine can be run efliciently in both directions.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate our invention, Figure l is a plan, partly in section,'illustrating the working of the steam and exhaust valves in reversing turbines. Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively sectional side and end elevations of a turbine such as that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows a reversing-valve in middle position. Fig. 5 4is a diagram illustrating ordinary turbine-blades, showing the path ofthe steam While the turbine is going ahead and'while it In one is reversing. Fig. 6 is a similar diagram illus- II, and for going ahead the steam passes on A one side ot'v the reversing-valve A', which is of the butterfly type, to the end of the steamturbine by way of the passage E, as shown by the arrow d. The steam theri passes through the various sets of moving and fixed turbineblades BAL and C, Fig. 2, to the opposite end of the turbine, and thence it discharges to the passage E and passes on the other side of the reversing-valve A', as shown by the arrow b, to the pipe D, communicating with the lowpressure turbine B. The steam enters that turbine by one side of the reversing-valve B and the passage F, as indicated by the arrow c, and discharges by the passage F' and the other side of the reversing-valve B/ to the eX- haust-pipe G, as indicated by the arrow d. When it is desired to reverse both turbines, the reversing-valves A B are placed in the positions indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, and then the steam passes to the low-pressure end of each turbine and discharges from each high-pressure end. When one of the turbines is required to go ahead while the other reverses, one reversing-valve is operated for that purpose. When it is desired to cut one turbine out of action, the reversing-valve of that turbine is moved to its middle position, as shown in Fig. 4t.

Fig. 5 shows a'series of fixed blades f and rotating blades r of ordinary construction. These blades are moderately curved and converge in the direction in which steam iiows when the turbine is going ahead. When so rotating, the steam passes between the fixed blades f in the direction of the arrow l, impinges upon the concave sides of the rotating blades r, and discharges from them, continuing the direction of flow. The moving blades then rotate in the direction of the arrow 3. Thisform of blade gives very good results IOO when the steam passes as just described 5 but when the steam is caused to iiow in the direction of the arrow 2, so as to reverse the motion of the turbine, it then impinges on the convex sides of the blades and travels in the direction in which the blades diverge. Under these conditions the eiicieney is lowered considerably.

In order to get turbines to work eiiiciently in both directions, I construct the blades as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Here the ixedblades f and rotating blades r are made with liat parthe arrow 2, the iiuid then impinges on the y concavities h h, and the turbine rotates as shown by the arrow 4. By this construction the eiiiciency is equally good in both directions of running.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Turbine-blades formed with iiat parallel sides and concavities at both ends to enable them to work eiciently in both directions, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of witnesses.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS. ALAN ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL SWINTON.

Vitnesses to the signature of the said Charles Algernon Parsons:

ABRAHAM BEWICK GoLDsBRoUoH,

A WILLIAM GrLLIEsPY.

Witnesses to the signature of the said Alan Archibald Campbell Swinton:

ALBERT EDWARD PARKER, GEO. W. B. FRANKLIN.

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