Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/075—Ethers or acetals
  • A61K31/085—Ethers or acetals having an ether linkage to aromatic ring nuclear carbon
  • A61K31/09—Ethers or acetals having an ether linkage to aromatic ring nuclear carbon having two or more such linkages
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of a dibenzocyclooctane lignan derivative of the following general formula (I) for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and pharmaceutical preparations containing the same as active ingredient.
• R 1 is H or C 1-4 lower alkyl
• R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is respectively H, OH, C 1-4 lower alkyl, C 1-4 lower alkoxy, or R 2 and R 3 or R 4 and R 5 are respectively combined to form the group of —OCH 2 O—.
• the compound in which R 1 is H, R 2 R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is deoxyshizandrin: compound 1), the compound in which R 1 is H, R 2 and R 3 are combined to form the group of —OCH 2 O—, and R 4 and R 5 are each methoxy is gomisin N: compound 2), and the compound in which R 1 is H, and R 2 and R 3 , and R 4 and R 5 are each combined to form the group of —OCH 2 O— is wuweizisu C: compound 3).
• the population distribution of the present society changes rapidly to venerable ages. Accordingly, invasion rate of neurodegenerative disorder in relation to venerable ages such as stroke or arthymia is increasing.
• the death rate for nervy craniales disease is annually increasing. When the death etiology of our country is analysed, the death rate for the nervy craniales disease is the second following to cancer.
• the world death rate of nervy craniales disease is 2-3rd. However, any drug or treatment method for the diseases has not been suggested until now. The social and economical loss is gradually increasing.
• the neurodegenerative disease can occur by neurodegeneration caused by concussion of the brain and aging, 2nd phenomena like circulatory disorders and neurodegenerative disorders caused by various physical or mechanical factors like traffic accident, workman's accident, CO-poisoning. (Rothman S M, Trhrston J H and Hauhart R E (1987) Delayed neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acids in vitro. Neuroscience 22: 1884-1891; and Weiloch, T. (1985) Hypoglycemia-induced neuronal damage prevented by NMDA antagonists. Science 230: 681-683).
• brain tissue When brain tissue is damaged, it leads to brain nervous cell-death.
• the mechanism of nervous cell-death is classified into two distinctive forms. The one is by glutamate existing in central excitatory neurotransmission material. Glutamate in normal state acts as neurotransmission material. When it is excessively secreted, it leads to nervous cell-death. Such neurotoxicity caused by glutamate is classified into acute and chronic forms of response. (Choi D W (1988) Glutamate neurotoxicity and disease of the nervous system. Neuron 1: 623-634). Acute neurotoxicity appears to be mediated by the entry of Na and K into neurons resulting in cell swelling which leads to cell death.
• Second is injury by direct oxidative stress.
• contents of unsaturated fatty acid and consumption of oxygen is high.
• the formation of oxygen radical is high and the content of antioxidative enzyme is relatively low.
• the danger of injury caused by free radical including oxygen radical is very high.
• a study for neurocell death mechanism in relation to neurodegenerative disorders is carried out actively worldwide.
• Schizandra fruit S. chinensis
• S. chinensis have been used as a tonic and in order to protect the liver and have compounds of dibenzocyclooctane lignam.
• Various studies were carried out for the activity of the compounds.
• liver-protecting activity (Hikino H, Kiso Y, Taguchi H and Ikeya Y (1984) Antihepatotoxic actions of lignoids from Schizandra chinensis Fruits. Planta Med. 50: 213-218; Kiso Y, Tohkin M, Hikino H, Ikeya Y and Taguchi H (1985) Mechanism of antihepatotoxic activity of wuweizisu C and gomisin A. Planta Med.
• the dibenzocyclooctane lignan have neuroprotective activity and therefore, the compound can be used as a drug for prevent and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as stroke or Alzheimer's disease.
• Dried S. chinensis fruit was extracted with 80% methanol and the extract was concentrated to obtain total extracts.
• the total methanol extracts were suspensed in distilled water and extracted with n-hexane to obtain n-hexane fraction.
• Each isolated compounds were investigated and identified by spectrophotometric method such as MS, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR to obtain compound s 1, 2 and 3.
• dibenzocyclooctane lignan compounds used in the present invention can easily be prepared by known method (Chem. Pham. Bull. 28(8) 2414-2421(1980); Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27(6), 1383-1394(1979).
• the Sprague-Dawley mice obtained from the breeding ground of Seoul National University were breeded at the breeding ground of College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University.
• the breeding ground was maintained 22 ⁇ 5° C.
• Lightening was performed at from 7 AM to 7 PM.
• Solid feed contained crude protain 23.2%, crude lipid 4.0%, crude fiber 6.0%, crude ash 10.0%, crude calcium 0.6% and crude P 0.4% (Seoul, Samyangsa).
• the cortical cells were plated onto collagen-coated dishes at a density of 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml.
• the cultured cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 100 IU/ml pecicillin and 100 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin at 37° C. in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air/5% CO 2 . cultures were allowed to mature for 2 weeks before being used for experiments.
• the lignan compounds to be investigated for having neuroprotective activity or not were dissolved in DMSO(within final culture concentration, 0.1%) and diluted with distilled water and by passing the solution through Milliporemembrane (0.22 ⁇ m, Millex-GV, USA) to make sterile state.
• the solution was cultured, by differentiating the concentration and dosed to neuron cells.
• Cortical cells directly isolated from mouse fetal were cultured for 14 days.
• the samples to be tested were treated at different concentrations to cultured cells. After one hour, neurotoxicity was induced by treating 100 ⁇ M of glutamate. After 24 hours, the survival cell rate were measured by MTT assay to determine neuroprotective activity of the samples.
• Cells were collected by adding 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) to culture-broth-removed remainings from first cultured cortical cells. The collected cells were treated by supersonic wave for 20 seconds and were centrifuged at 4° C. with 3,000 g for 20 minutes to obtain the supernatant.
• GSSG-r 1 ml solution in test tube comprising 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 1 mM reduced glutathione (GSH), 0.2 mM NADPH, 0.5 mM H 2 O 2 and 1.5 units/ml of GSSG-reductase (GSSG-r) was prepared and 10 ⁇ l of cell supernatant was added and reacted. The loss of adsoption at 340 nm was assayed and the activity of GSH-px was measured.
• GSH-px The activity of GSH-px was showed as ⁇ mol NADPH oxidized/mg protein/min by using absorption coefficient (6.22 ⁇ mol cm) (Flohe L, Gunzler W A, 1984, Assays of glutathone peroxidase, Methods Enzymol 105: 114-121).
• test tube 70 ⁇ l solution containing 0.3 mM NADPH and 5 mM DTNB was prepared 0.100 ⁇ l of cell supernatant was added and final content 5 units/ml of GSSG-R was added thereto and was reacted. The increase of adsorption was measured at 412 nm for 1 minute. The content of GSH was converted and obtained by comparing the content of GSH with GSH standard. (Tietze F, Enzymatic method for quantative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione, Anal Biochem 27: 502-522).
• Deoxychizandrin, gomisin N, schizandrin and wuweizisu C the important dibenzocyclooctane lignans of Schizandra fruit were evaluated by assessing the viability of cultured cortical neurons after treatment with the neurotoxicant, glutamate. The results were showed in Table 1. After cortical cells were cultured for 14 days, test compounds were dosed at different concentrations and after 1 hour neurotoxicity was induced by 100 ⁇ M glutamate. After culturing for 24 hours, the neuroprotective activity was measured. The neuroprotective activity of the compounds were measured by MTT assay for assaying the activity of succinate dehydrogenase.
• Wuweizisu C was neuroprotective against glutamate-induced toxicity in the case of pre-treatment but not post-treatment. This suggests that this lignan acts on the early state of glutamate toxicity. But, deoxyschizandrin have significant neuroprotective activity, when it is not pre-treated but post-treated. In addition, Gomisin N maintained its activity when it is both pre-treated and post-treated. Accordingly, based upon the above results, deoxyschizandrin, gomisin N and wuweizisu C have respectively, according to different mechanisms, neuroprotective activities against glutamate. Therefore, wuweizisu C is regarded to have neuroprotective activity at the first stage of inducing neurotoxicity by glutamate.
• Deoxyschizandrin is regarded to have neuroprotective activity, according to a series of reactions, after over-manifest of glutamate-receiptor.
• gomisin N is regarded to have all neuroprotective activities which wuweizisu C and deoxyschizandrin have.
• Glutamate receiptor is divided into NMDA receiptor which is activated by NMDA and non-NMDA receiptor which is activated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole and kainic acid (KA).
• NMDA neuro-protective activity
• KA alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole and kainic acid
• wuweizisu C has neuroprotective activity against toxicity induced by NMDA.
• Deoxyschizandrin has selectively neuroprotective activity against toxicity induced by KA.
• gomisin N has relatively better neuroprotective activity against toxicity induced by NMDA, rather than toxicity induced by KA.
• the selectivity is inferior to deoxyschizandrin or wuweizisu C. The results were shown in the Table 3.
• deoxyschizandrin gomisin N and wuweizisu C significantly have protective activity against neurotoxicity induced by glutamate.
• the present invention first revealed that wuweizisu C, deoxyschizandrin and gomisin N, the 3 kinds of lignans of Schizandra chinensis fruit have protective activities of cortical cells by use of first cultured cortical cells of mice and mechanisms thereof.
• the present compound of general formula (I) can be administered 1 mg-200 mg/day, 1-3 times. That can be varied by weight, sex, age and severity of disease of a patient.
• the compound of the general formula (I) of the present invention can be used for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
• the compound of the present invention can be formulated with conventional vehicle into pharmaceutical preparation such as injection, solution, syrup, tablet or capsule by a conventional method.
• the compound 1 is dissolved in some distilled water for injection and the mixture is adjusted with pH adjuster to about pH 7.6. Distilled water for injection is poured to the mixture to make 2 ml and was filled in 2 ml ampoule.
• the compound 2 is dissolved in some distilled water for injection and the mixture is adjusted with pH adjuster to about pH 7.6. Distilled water for injection is poured to the mixture to make 2 ml and was filled in 2 ml ampoule.
• the above ingredients are mixed and made into tablet by a conventional tablet method.
• the above ingredients are mixed and made into tablet by a conventional tablet method.
• the above ingredients are mixed and filled in gelatine capsule by a conventional capsule method.
• the above ingredients are mixed and filled in gelatine capsule by a conventional capsule method.
• the above ingredients are mixed and filled in 100 ml bottle and sterlized by a conventional solution method.
• the above ingredients are mixed and filled in 100ml bottle and sterilized by a conventional solution method.
• the compound of the general formula(I) significantly attenuated the neurotoxicity induced by L-glutamate in primary cultures of rat cortical cells.
• the compound of the general formula (I) significantly lowered the Ca 2+ concentration excessive influx of Ca 2+ into neurons induced by glutamate.
• the compound of the general formula (I) significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the contents of glutathione induced by glutamateand supressed excess formation of NO induced by glutamate and supressed lipid-peroxidation.
• the present compound of the general formula (I) can be used as pharmaceutical preparation for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as structural neurodegeneration caused by concussion of the brain and aging, 2nd phenomena like circulatory disorders, and for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders caused by various physical or mechanical factor like traffic accident, workman's accident, CO-poisoning.
• neurodegenerative disorders such as structural neurodegeneration caused by concussion of the brain and aging, 2nd phenomena like circulatory disorders
• neurodegenerative disorders caused by various physical or mechanical factor like traffic accident, workman's accident, CO-poisoning.

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• 2000
  • 2000-10-19 KR KR10-2000-0061676A patent/KR100380634B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-10-19 JP JP2002535655A patent/JP3996505B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-10-19 DE DE60139409T patent/DE60139409D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 2001-10-19 CN CNB018032176A patent/CN1171585C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-10-19 AT AT01982877T patent/ATE437636T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-10-19 AU AU2002214336A patent/AU2002214336A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-10-19 EP EP01982877A patent/EP1326596B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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