US7013728B2 - System for detecting level of liquid in tank - Google Patents

System for detecting level of liquid in tank Download PDF

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Publication number
US7013728B2
US7013728B2 US10/750,972 US75097204A US7013728B2 US 7013728 B2 US7013728 B2 US 7013728B2 US 75097204 A US75097204 A US 75097204A US 7013728 B2 US7013728 B2 US 7013728B2
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Prior art keywords
fuel
sensor
rotation
tank
magnet
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Expired - Fee Related
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US10/750,972
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US20040182150A1 (en
Inventor
Hiroshi Okada
Masato Kumagai
Hironori Ohhashi
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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Assigned to HITACHI UNISIA AUTOMOTIVE, LTD. reassignment HITACHI UNISIA AUTOMOTIVE, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OHHASHI, HIRONORI, KUMAGAI, MASATO, OKADA, HIROSHI
Publication of US20040182150A1 publication Critical patent/US20040182150A1/en
Assigned to HITACHI LTD. reassignment HITACHI LTD. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HITACHI UNISIA AUTOMOTIVE LTD.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
    • G01F23/32—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats using rotatable arms or other pivotable transmission elements
    • G01F23/36—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats using rotatable arms or other pivotable transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for detecting the level of liquid in a tank, which is suitably used, for example, in detecting the level of fuel accumulated or accommodated in an automotive fuel tank.
  • the fuel tank mounted on the vehicle such as automobile is provided with a float-type level detecting system, for example, to detect the remaining amount of fuel accumulated in the tank.
  • the float-type level detecting system comprises a float arranged vertically movably with the level of fuel accumulated in the fuel tank and a sensor part provided to the tank and for sensing a fuel level position in accordance with displacement of the float.
  • the float is coupled to an arm which is rotatable with respect to the sensor part.
  • the float is vertically displaced with the liquid level in the tank, rotating the arm by an angle corresponding to that displacement.
  • the sensor part which is in the form of a potentiometer or the like, comprises a resistor exposedly fixedly arranged in the fuel tank and a conductive slide brush which moves on the resistor in a sliding way when the arm rotates.
  • the sensor part senses a position of the float, i.e. a fuel level position, which is announced as fuel remaining amount to a driver and the like.
  • the sensor part includes a potentiometer or the like to sense displacement of the float as displacement of a fuel level position.
  • the resistor of the sensor part is exposedly disposed in the fuel tank for slide contact with the slide brush of the arm. And the resistor and the slide brush are often immersed in fuel in the fuel tank.
  • the resistor and the slide brush can be subject to corrosion by various constituents and the like contained in fuel or cause contact failure, raising a problem of lowering the durability and reliability of the system.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a system for detecting the level of liquid in a tank, which allows stable detection of a liquid level position in the tank over the long term without causing anomaly, and thus contributes to enhancement in the durability and reliability of the system.
  • the present invention provides generally a system for detecting a level of liquid in a tank, which comprises: a float which produces a displacement with the liquid level; a sensor part provided to the tank, the sensor part sensing a position of the liquid level in accordance with the displacement of the float; and a casing arranged in the tank, the casing being isolated from the liquid, the casing accommodating the sensor part.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a system for detecting the level of liquid in a tank according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II—II in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a sensor casing in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line IV—IV in FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a magnetic circuit of a rotation-angle sensor
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 2 , showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 , showing a sensor casing in FIG. 6 ;
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 3 , showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 , showing a first variation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9 , showing a second variation of the present invention.
  • a roughly box-shaped fuel tank 1 to be mounted on the vehicle such as automobile is formed as a container having a bottom face 1 A, a top face 1 B, and a peripheral wall, not shown, and for accumulating or accommodating fuel or liquid therein.
  • Top face 1 B of fuel tank 1 is formed with a mounting opening 1 C to which a lid 2 as will be described later is attached.
  • lid 2 is attached to mounting opening 1 C of fuel tank 1 , and comprises a closing plate 2 A for concealing mounting opening 1 C of tank 1 , a cylindrical chamber mounting portion 2 B protruding from closing plate 2 A into tank 1 through mounting opening 1 C, and an inner partition wall 2 C arranged between closing plate 2 A and chamber mounting portion 2 B to form a sensor casing 3 as will be described later on the inner-periphery side of chamber mounting portion 2 B.
  • a bottomed cylindrical sensor mounting portion 2 D is formed at chamber mounting portion 2 B to protrude radially inward into sensor casing 3 .
  • the inner periphery of sensor mounting portion 2 D opens as a bottomed concave to the outer periphery of chamber mounting portion 2 B.
  • Lid 2 is formed of a synthetic resin or the like so that the magnetic field of a magnet 16 as will be described later acts into sensor casing 3 through sensor mounting portion 2 D.
  • Sensor casing 3 is arranged in fuel tank 1 through the use of lid 2 to accommodate rotation-angle sensor 17 as will be described later hermetically isolatedly from fuel in tank 1 .
  • sensor casing 3 By closing plate 2 A, chamber mounting portion 2 B, inner peripheral wall 2 C, and the like of lid 2 , sensor casing 3 is formed as a closed container isolated from a space of fuel tank 1 .
  • Sensor casing 3 has a top side concealed with a lid plate 3 A.
  • a bottomed cylindrical chamber 4 is arranged in fuel tank 1 , and has a top side mounted to chamber mounting portion 2 B of lid 2 .
  • Chamber 4 serves to always accumulate part of fuel in tank 1 so as to ensure a predetermined amount of fuel on the intake side of a fuel pump 5 as will be described later even if an inconvenience occurs such as small remaining amount of fuel in tank 1 , level of fuel inclined, or the like.
  • Fuel pump 5 is disposed in chamber 4 , and has an inlet port 5 A for introducing fuel in chamber 4 and an outlet port 5 B for feeding introduced fuel to a supply pipe 6 as will be described later. Fuel pump 5 serves to supply fuel to an automotive engine and the like. A filter, not shown, and the like may be arranged in chamber 4 together with fuel pump 5 .
  • Roughly L-shaped supply pipe 6 is arranged to supply fuel in fuel tank 1 to the engine.
  • Supply pipe 6 has a base end connected to outlet port 5 B of fuel pump 5 and a front end protruding outward of fuel tank 1 through lid 2 and connected to the engine.
  • a suction-pump pipe 7 is connected at the middle position of supply pipe 6 to supply a predetermined amount of fuel discharged from fuel pump 5 to a suction pump 8 as will be described later.
  • Suction pump 8 is arranged in chamber 4 , and includes a jet pump or the like. Suction pump 8 has an inlet port 8 A which opens to the outside of chamber 4 and an outlet port 8 B which opens to the inside of chamber 4 . Suction pump 8 serves to suck fuel outside chamber 4 with the aid of part of fuel discharged from fuel pump 5 and discharge it into chamber 4 through outlet port 8 B.
  • a fuel remaining-amount detecting system 11 is arranged in fuel tank 1 to serve as a level detecting system.
  • Fuel remaining-amount detecting system 11 comprises sensor casing 3 , a float 12 , an arm 13 as will be described later, magnet 16 , and rotation-angle sensor 17 .
  • Float 12 is floatably supported by arm 13 , and moves vertically with the level of fuel accumulated in fuel tank 1 to rotate arm 13 accordingly.
  • Arm 13 is formed of an elongated rod or the like, and comprises a rotation shank 13 A located at the base end, a lever 13 B protruding from the front end of rotation shank 13 A radially outward, and a float mounting portion 13 C bent to the front end of lever 13 B and mounted to float 12 .
  • annular arm bracket 14 is mounted to chamber mounting portion 2 B of lid 2 so as to close a space in sensor mounting portion 2 D from the radial outside of chamber mounting portion 2 B.
  • a support cylinder 15 is engaged at the inner periphery of arm bracket 14 .
  • Rotation shank 13 A of arm 13 has a base end disposed in sensor mounting portion 2 D and rotatably supported by arm bracket 14 through support cylinder 15 . With this, when float 12 moves vertically, arm 13 rotates about an axis O-O.
  • Magnet 16 is mounted to rotation shank 13 A of arm 13 in a rotation locked way. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 , magnet 16 is located outside sensor casing 3 and accommodated in sensor mounting portion 2 D of lid 2 . Magnet 16 rotates together with arm 13 in accordance with displacement of float 1 , the angle of rotation of which is sensed by rotation-angle sensor 17 as a level position of fuel in fuel tank 1 .
  • Magnet 16 is formed of a roughly disc-shaped magnet material or the like, and comprises at the outer periphery convex circular surfaces 16 A, 16 B located at both diametral ends and forming N and S poles, for example, and flat surfaces 16 C located between convex circular surfaces 16 A, 16 B.
  • Convex circular surfaces 16 A, 16 B spreads circularly, and has a predetermined angle or central angle with respect to axis O-O or center O of arm 13 .
  • Rot-angle sensor 17 is accommodated in sensor casing 3 of lid 2 .
  • rotation-angle sensor 17 comprises a housing 18 , yokes 19 , 20 , a Hall element 21 , a circuit board 22 as will be described later, and the like, which are hermetically accommodated in sensor casing 3 and isolated from fuel in fuel tank 1 .
  • Housing 18 is formed like a bottomed cylinder out of an insulating resin material or the like, and comprises a cylindrical portion 18 A located in sensor casing 3 and mounted to the outer periphery of sensor mounting portion 2 D of lid 2 and a bottom portion 18 B arranged at an end of cylindrical portion 18 A.
  • Yoke 19 is arranged in housing 18 to form a magnetic path.
  • Yoke 19 is formed of a magnetic metallic material or the like, and comprises a magnet facing portion 19 A spreading circularly along cylindrical portion 18 A of housing 18 and an extension 19 B extending radially inward from magnet facing portion 19 A to the center of bottom portion 18 B of housing 18 .
  • Yoke 20 is also arranged in housing 18 to form a magnetic path.
  • yoke 20 is formed of a magnetic metallic material or the like, and comprises a magnet facing portion 20 A and an extension 20 B.
  • magnet facing portions 19 A, 20 A of yokes 19 , 20 are disposed to face each other across magnet 16 , each spreading circularly and having a predetermined central angle.
  • Magnet facing portion 19 A faces convex circular surface 16 A of magnet 16 across sensor mounting portion 2 D of lid 2
  • magnet facing portion 20 A faces convex circular surface 16 B across sensor mounting portion 2 D.
  • Facing areas S of magnet facing portions 19 A, 20 A and convex circular surfaces 16 A, 16 B vary with the angle of rotation of magnet 16 (arm 13 , to be more specific).
  • yokes 19 , 20 are disposed to have extensions 19 B, 20 B overlapping one another with a given clearance to form a closed magnetic path through which the magnetic field of magnet passes.
  • Hall element 21 is arranged in housing 18 and disposed between extensions 19 B, 20 B of yokes 19 , 20 .
  • the magnetic field passing through yokes 19 , 20 varies with the angle of rotation of arm 13 , i.e. facing areas S of magnet 16 and yokes 19 , 20 .
  • Hall element 21 detects a variation in the magnetic field as that in the angle of rotation of arm 13 , which is output as a signal to circuit board 22 .
  • Circuit board 22 is mounted to the inside of sensor caring 3 and connected to Hall element 21 .
  • Circuit board 22 provides signal processing such as amplification and correction to an output signal of Hall element 21 , for example, to generate a detection signal corresponding to a level position of fuel in fuel tank 1 , which is output to the outside from a connector 23 provided to lid plate 3 A of sensor casing 3 , for example.
  • the fuel level When the fuel level is inclined due to acceleration/deceleration, cornering, or the like of the vehicle, and that fuel tank 1 is roughly full of fuel and the like, the fuel level can increase up to a level position corresponding to rotation-angle sensor 17 around chamber 4 .
  • components such as rotation-angle sensor 17 and circuit board 22 are hermetically accommodated in sensor casing 3 of lid 2 , and are thus isolated from fuel, resulting in their sure prevention from contacting fuel.
  • sensor casing 3 is provided to lid 2 so as to accommodate rotation-angle sensor 17 hermetically isolatedly from fuel in fuel tank 1 .
  • components constituting rotation-angle sensor 17 such as housing 18 , yokes 19 , 20 , Hall element 21 , and circuit board 22 , can hermetically be accommodated in sensor casing 3 , resulting in their sure isolation and protection from fuel in fuel tank 1 .
  • rotation-angle sensor 17 , circuit board 22 , and the like can be prevented from being subject to corrosion by various constituents and the like contained in fuel or causing operation failure, leading to stable detection of the remaining amount of fuel accumulated in fuel tank 1 over the long term. This allows extension of the life of fuel remaining-amount detecting system 11 , leading to enhancement in durability and reliability thereof.
  • magnet 16 is provided to float 12 through arm 13 so as to sense the angle of rotation of magnet 16 by magnetic-detection type rotation-angle sensor 17 .
  • rotation-angle sensor 17 can sense the angle of rotation of magnet 16 as a level position in fuel tank 1 based on a variation in the magnetic field and the like.
  • displacement of float 12 can stably be sensed by rotation-angle sensor 17 in a non-contact way without need of arranging a seal or the like between rotation-angle sensor 17 and magnet 16 , resulting in easy achievement of closed-type fuel remaining-amount detecting system 11 .
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 there is shown second embodiment of the present invention which is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that the sensor part includes a potentiometer, and a non-contact coupling is arranged between the sensor part and the float.
  • lid 31 is mounted to mounting opening 1 C of fuel tank 1 .
  • lid 31 is formed of a resin material or the like which allows passage of the magnetic field, and comprises a closing plate 31 A, a chamber mounting portion 31 B, an inner partition wall 31 C, and the like.
  • a sensor casing 32 is formed as a closed container. Sensor casing 32 is concealed with a lid plate 32 A. Chamber mounting portion 31 B has no sensor mounting portion 2 D in the first embodiment.
  • a fuel remaining-amount detecting system 33 is arranged in fuel tank 1 to serve as a level detecting system.
  • Fuel remaining-amount detecting system 33 comprises sensor casing 32 , float 12 , arm 13 , a rotation-angle sensor 34 , and a magnet coupling 37 as will be described later.
  • Rotation-angle sensor or sensor part 34 is accommodated in sensor casing 32 of lid 31 .
  • rotation-angle sensor 34 is in the form of a potentiometer or the like, and comprises a housing 34 A mounted to the inside of sensor casing 34 , a rotation shaft 34 B rotatably supported by housing 34 A, a resistor 34 C mounted to housing 34 A through a substrate and the like, a conductive slide brush 34 D mounted to the outer periphery of rotation shaft 34 B through a holder and the like in a rotation locked way, and the like.
  • Rotation shaft 34 B is disposed coaxial with rotation shank 13 A of arm 13 .
  • Resistor 34 C is formed circularly about rotation shaft 34 B, and has a circumferential part which slide brush 34 D makes slide contact.
  • rotation-angle sensor 34 senses the angle of rotation of rotation shaft 34 B coupled to arm 13 through magnet coupling 37 as a variation in value of resistance of resistor 34 , which is output as a signal to a circuit board 35 arranged in sensor casing 32 .
  • Circuit board 35 provides signal processing such as amplification and correction to an output signal of rotation-angle sensor 34 , for example, to generate a detection signal corresponding to a level position or remaining amount of fuel in fuel tank 1 , which is output to the outside from a connector 36 provided to lid plate 32 A of sensor casing 32 , for example.
  • Magnet coupling or non-contact coupling 37 is arranged between float 12 (arm 13 , to be more specific) and rotation-angle sensor 34 for coupling therebetween through sensor casing 32 .
  • Magnet coupling 37 is disposed outside sensor casing 32 , and comprises an annular outer magnet 37 A mounted at the outer periphery of the base end of rotation shank 13 A of arm 13 in a rotation locked way and an annular inner magnet 37 B mounted to the outer periphery of rotation shaft 34 B of rotation-angle sensor 34 in a rotation locked way.
  • Magnets 37 A, 37 B have N and S poles formed circumferentially alternately, for example, and facing each other across chamber mounting portion 31 B of lid 31 .
  • magnets 37 A, 37 B rotate together with N and S poles coupled magnetically, transmitting rotational displacement of arm 13 to rotation shaft 34 B of rotation-angle sensor 34 .
  • the second embodiment can-produce substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
  • magnet coupling 37 is arranged between arm 13 of float 12 and rotation-angle sensor 34 , so that even with arm 13 and rotation-angle sensor 34 intercepted by sensor casing 32 , magnet coupling 37 allows sure coupling therebetween in a non-contact way, achieving in this state stable detection of the remaining amount of fuel in fuel tank 1 .
  • Rotation-angle sensor 34 , circuit board 35 , and the like can surely be protected from fuel in fuel tank 1 through the use of sensor casing 32 , leading to easy achievement of closed-type fuel remaining-amount detecting system 33 .
  • rotation-angle sensor 34 may include a general-purpose potentiometer or the like, obtaining enhanced design flexibility of the device.
  • FIG. 8 there is shown third embodiment of the present invention which substantially the same as the first embodiment except that the Hall element is directly mounted on the circuit board.
  • Fuel remaining-amount detecting system 41 is arranged in fuel tank 1 to serve as a level detecting system.
  • Fuel remaining-amount detecting system 41 comprises sensor casing 3 , float 12 , arm 13 , magnet 16 , and a Hall IC 42 as will be described later.
  • Hall IC or sensor part 42 is arranged in sensor casing 3 , and comprises an integrated circuit having a Hall element and its peripheral devices packaged, for example.
  • Hall IC 42 is mounted on a circuit board 43 as will be described later.
  • Hall IC 42 is disposed at the outer periphery of sensor mounting portion 2 D of lid 2 , and faces the N or S pole (convex circular surface 16 A, for example) of magnet 16 across sensor mounting portion 2 D.
  • convex circular surface 16 A of magnet 16 approaches or separates from Hall IC 42 , so that the magnetic field passing through Hall IC 42 varies with the angle of rotation of arm 13 .
  • Hall IC 42 detects a variation in the magnetic field as angle of rotation of arm 13 , which is output as a signal to circuit board 43 .
  • Circuit board 43 is mounted to the inside of sensor casing 3 , and is bent like a letter L, for example. Circuit board 43 has a surface connected to Hall IC 42 . Circuit board 43 provides signal processing such as amplification and correction to an output signal of Hall IC 42 , for example, to generate a detection signal corresponding to a level position or remaining amount of fuel in fuel tank 1 , which is output to the outside from connector 23 .
  • the third embodiment can produce substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
  • Hall IC 42 is mounted on circuit board 43 , allowing simplified structure of the sensor part, resulting not only in a reduction in number of parts and thus manufacturing cost, but also in an enhancement in design flexibility of the device.
  • Hall IC 42 is disposed at the outer periphery of sensor mounting portion 2 D of lid 2 , and is mounted on the surface of circuit board 43 bent like a letter L.
  • an alternative structure can be adopted as shown in first variation in FIG. 9 , wherein a Hall IC 42 ′ is mounted on the underside of a flat circuit board 43 ′.
  • a lid 2 ′ comprises a closing plate 2 A′, a chamber mounting portion 2 B′, and an inner partition wall 2 C′ with sensor mounting portion 2 D cancelled.
  • Hall IC 42 is mounted on the underside of circuit board 43 ′, and is disposed at the inner periphery of chamber mounting portion 2 B′ at the position corresponding to convex circular surface 16 A of magnet 16 , for example.
  • the present invention is applied to an automotive fuel tank.
  • the present invention can be applied to various tanks for accumulating liquid other than fuel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
US10/750,972 2003-01-09 2004-01-05 System for detecting level of liquid in tank Expired - Fee Related US7013728B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003-003410 2003-01-09
JP2003003410A JP2004219099A (ja) 2003-01-09 2003-01-09 タンク内の液面検出装置

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US20040182150A1 US20040182150A1 (en) 2004-09-23
US7013728B2 true US7013728B2 (en) 2006-03-21

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US (1) US7013728B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1437580A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004219099A (fr)
CN (1) CN1238697C (fr)

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US8567244B2 (en) * 2012-01-17 2013-10-29 Texas, LFP, LLC Liquid level transducer with isolated sensors
US9297686B1 (en) 2015-04-02 2016-03-29 Texas Lfp, Llc Liquid level transducer with insertable quality sensor
US9927279B2 (en) 2012-09-17 2018-03-27 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for assembling and testing the functionality of a structural unit having a fill level gauge in a non-stationary container
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US9513152B1 (en) 2011-12-20 2016-12-06 Varec, Inc. Liquid level transmitter utilizing low cost, capacitive, absolute encoders
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JP6158067B2 (ja) * 2013-12-17 2017-07-05 愛三工業株式会社 液量検出装置及び液量検出装置を備える燃料ポンプモジュール
TWI526675B (zh) * 2014-03-20 2016-03-21 三緯國際立體列印科技股份有限公司 液面量測裝置及三維列印機
JP6336923B2 (ja) * 2015-01-30 2018-06-06 愛三工業株式会社 液面検出装置
JP6336924B2 (ja) * 2015-02-04 2018-06-06 愛三工業株式会社 液面検出装置
JP6336925B2 (ja) * 2015-02-05 2018-06-06 愛三工業株式会社 液面検出装置
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CN106930935A (zh) * 2017-03-23 2017-07-07 武汉科技大学 一种油泵
JP7015094B2 (ja) * 2017-05-12 2022-02-02 矢崎総業株式会社 液位検出装置
JP6533807B2 (ja) * 2017-05-25 2019-06-19 矢崎総業株式会社 液面レベルセンサ
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JP2001356040A (ja) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-26 Unisia Jecs Corp 燃料ゲージ
CN2537000Y (zh) 2002-02-06 2003-02-19 重庆五具机械有限责任公司 无触点数显燃油表

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US8567244B2 (en) * 2012-01-17 2013-10-29 Texas, LFP, LLC Liquid level transducer with isolated sensors
US9927279B2 (en) 2012-09-17 2018-03-27 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for assembling and testing the functionality of a structural unit having a fill level gauge in a non-stationary container
US9297686B1 (en) 2015-04-02 2016-03-29 Texas Lfp, Llc Liquid level transducer with insertable quality sensor
US11499458B2 (en) * 2019-09-19 2022-11-15 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Systems for an ice guiding device of a tank
FR3134622A1 (fr) 2022-04-15 2023-10-20 Airbus Helicopters Système de stockage d’un liquide muni d’au moins un réservoir ainsi que d‘un jaugeur ayant un flotteur et un renvoi

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CN1238697C (zh) 2006-01-25
US20040182150A1 (en) 2004-09-23
CN1517685A (zh) 2004-08-04
JP2004219099A (ja) 2004-08-05
EP1437580A2 (fr) 2004-07-14
EP1437580A3 (fr) 2005-11-16

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