US7357141B2 - Valve assembly with an adjustable function, and a method therefor - Google Patents
Valve assembly with an adjustable function, and a method therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7357141B2 US7357141B2 US10/962,961 US96296104A US7357141B2 US 7357141 B2 US7357141 B2 US 7357141B2 US 96296104 A US96296104 A US 96296104A US 7357141 B2 US7357141 B2 US 7357141B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- valve assembly
- multiport
- vented
- base plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0807—Manifolds
- F15B13/081—Laminated constructions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0807—Manifolds
- F15B13/0817—Multiblock manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0821—Attachment or sealing of modular units to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0846—Electrical details
- F15B13/0857—Electrical connecting means, e.g. plugs, sockets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/08—Assemblies of units, each for the control of a single servomotor only
- F15B13/0803—Modular units
- F15B13/0875—Channels for electrical components, e.g. for cables or sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B2013/002—Modular valves, i.e. consisting of an assembly of interchangeable components
- F15B2013/006—Modular components with multiple uses, e.g. kits for either normally-open or normally-closed valves, interchangeable or reprogrammable manifolds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/5109—Convertible
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/5109—Convertible
- Y10T137/5283—Units interchangeable between alternate locations
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to the field of multiport valves, and more particularly to a valve assembly and a method for functional differentiation of a valve assembly.
- Valves have various functional characteristics depending on the specific requirements, e.g. 2/2, 3/2 NO, 3/2 NC, 4/2 monostable, 4/2 bistable, 4/3 vented, 4/3 blocked, 4/3 vacuum-vented, 5/2 monostable, 5/2 bistable, 5/3 vented, 5/3 blocked, 5/3 vacuum-vented etc.
- the various valve functions can be realized, for example, with different valve slides.
- valves In conventional multiport valves, the adjustment of these functional characteristics requires a multitude of different components, depending on which valve function is desired. On the other hand, the structural requirements of valves are often the same with respect to their geometric dimensions since they are positioned side by side on a base plate.
- German utility model no. DE 94 21 326 discloses a multiport valve in which a 5/2 multiport valve can be transformed into two 3/2 multiport valves using the two-way design of a valve rod. This transformation is, however, complicated and not all the usual valve types can be adjusted.
- a valve assembly includes at least one multiport valve for controlling operation of a fluid-operated pneumatic unit, a base plate having passageways for supply of compressed fluid to the multiport valve and drainage of compressed fluid from the multiport valve, and a grid plate disposed between the base plate and the multiport valve for functional differentiation of the valve assembly and determination of the valve assembly function.
- the present invention resolves prior art problems by interposing a grate plate between the base plate and the multiport valve for determination of the particular function of the valve assembly.
- the base plate and the multiport valve can have a uniform structure for all valve types.
- the function of the valve assembly is determined by the grid plate. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the term “grid plate” is used here in a generic sense and the principles described in the following description with respect to the grid plate are equally applicable to any device which generally follows the concepts outlined here and is capable of being used for functional differentiation of a valve or for determining a valve function for the application at hand.
- the grid plate may have pneumatic lines for connecting the passageways of the base plate and the multiport valve for functional differentiation of the valve assembly and determination of the valve assembly function. In this way a function differentiation can be achieved in a simple manner.
- the grid plate may have electrical lines and/or electrical devices for connection to and/or the control of the base plate, the multiport valve or a pilot valve for functional differentiation of the valve assembly and determination of the valve assembly function.
- the functional differentiation can also easily be achieved, and further ways to control the valve are provided.
- the valve assembly is adjustable by means of the grid plate, preferably to any one of the functions of the group comprising: 2/2, 3/2 NO, 3/2 NC, 3/2 monostable, 4/2 bistable, 4/3 vented, 4/3 blocked, 4/3 vacuum-vented, 5/2 monostable, 5/2 bistable, 5/3 vented, 5/3 blocked, 5/3 vacuum-vented. This means that almost all the usual valve types can easily be adjusted.
- the grid plate is part of a modular kit including a plurality of grid plates to allow exchange of grid plates.
- exchange or “exchangeable” in the context of the present invention, relates hereby in particular to the capability to modify the functional differentiation of the valve, without dismantling the valve or the multiport valve. It is thus possible to change the functional characteristics of the valve in a simple manner and to minimize downtimes and/or production losses, even when the valves have already be assembled and have been in use.
- the base plate and/or the multiport valve are constructed for form-fitting or aligned attachment of the grid plate.
- a grid plate is selected from a modular kit comprised of a plurality of grid plates, and the selected grid plate is placed between the base plate and the multiport valve for realizing a particular function of the valve assembly.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view of one embodiment of a valve assembly according to the present invention having two valve slides;
- FIG. 2 a is an elevational view of another embodiment of a valve assembly according to the present invention with a different grid plate;
- FIG. 2 b is a horizontal sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 2 a , taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2 d , modified with a different grid plate;
- FIG. 2 c is a vertical sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 2 a , taken along the line C-C in FIG. 2 a ;
- FIG. 2 d is a vertical sectional view of the valve assembly of FIG. 2 a , taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2 a.
- FIG. 1 there is shown an exploded view of a valve assembly according to the present invention, generally designated by reference numeral 1 and including two valve slides according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the valve assembly 1 includes a base plate 10 , a multiport valve 20 , and a pilot valve 40 .
- the base plate 10 has two working pressure lines 70 , 80 for applying compressed air to a pneumatic unit (not shown), such as a pneumatic cylinder, a feeder pressure line 60 , a vent line 90 and a plurality of pneumatic lines 100 arranged on top of base plate 10 .
- a pneumatic unit not shown
- a grid plate 30 Disposed between the base plate 10 and the multiport valve 20 is a grid plate 30 for functional differentiation of both valve slides.
- the base plate 10 is provided with anchors 12 in the form of studs 12 for form-fitting or aligned attachment of the grid plate 30 to the base plate 10 and the at least one multiport valve 20 .
- the studs 12 can also be formed on the multiport valve 20 . It is thus ensured that the grid plate 30 can be arranged between the base plate 10 and the multiport valve 20 in a secure and precise way.
- FIGS. 2 a - d show a valve assembly adjusted as a 5/2 monostable multiport valve. Parts corresponding with those in FIG. 1 are denoted by identical reference numerals and not explained again. The description below will center on the differences between the embodiments.
- the grid plate 30 is structured such that it includes at least one pneumatic line 120 .
- the grid plate 30 has for each valve slide 110 three pneumatic lines 120 which selectively connect some or all of the pneumatic lines 100 arranged on the base plate 10 with selected lines 130 of the multiport valve and ultimately with the valve slides 110 . Depending on the connection of the lines 100 with the lines 130 , a different functional characteristic of the valve is achieved.
- valves of most varied functions can be adjusted, including, but not limited to: 2/2, 3/2 NO, 3/2 NC, 4/2 monostable, 4/2 bistable, 4/3 vented, 4/3 blocked, 4/3 vacuum-vented, 5/2 monostable, 5/2 bistable, 5/3 vented, 5/3 blocked, 5/3 vacuum-vented.
- the base plate 10 and the multiport valve 20 are applicable for any of the various valves, without modification. As a result, manufacture and maintenance of the valves are greatly simplified, and the number of components required for making different valves is also reduced since the function is determined by the grid plate 30 , while the other components remain the same.
- the grid plate 30 can be made of any material known to the artisan in the field of valves. Currently preferred is the manufacture of the grid plate 30 from a two component part comprised of a hard plastic as a carrier, and a resilient material as a sealing material (e.g. POM/AU).
- a hard plastic as a carrier
- a resilient material as a sealing material
- the pilot valve 40 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with lines or plugs 42 fitting into corresponding connections 44 of the base plate 10 .
- the grid plate 30 may additionally be provided with electrical lines and/or electrical devices (not shown in the drawing) which are interposed between the pilot valve 40 and the connections 44 for control of the pilot valve 40 .
- This may be advantageous in particular when it is necessary for the two valve slides of multiport valve 20 to be actuated in synchronism. This may be ensured by a corresponding circuit on the grid plate 30 .
- a different connecting scheme can be used when a different grid plate is used—or the electrical lines may be simply omitted.
- the grid plate is exchangeable. This can be realized, for example, by simply allowing the grid plate 30 to be slid out to the side. By inserting a different grid plate, a valve having a different function can easily be adjusted.
- valve assembly has two valve slides.
- grid plates that allow only one valve slide or more than two valve slides to be functionally adjustable are also conceivable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Housings (AREA)
- Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10347936.8 | 2003-10-15 | ||
| DE2003147936 DE10347936B4 (de) | 2003-10-15 | 2003-10-15 | Ventilanordnung mit einstellbarer Funktion und Verfahren hierfür |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20050081915A1 US20050081915A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| US7357141B2 true US7357141B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 |
Family
ID=34353418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/962,961 Expired - Fee Related US7357141B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-12 | Valve assembly with an adjustable function, and a method therefor |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7357141B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1524437A3 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10347936B4 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190032800A1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-31 | Buerkert Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Actuating unit for a process valve and process valve |
| USD854656S1 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-07-23 | Nagano Keiki Co., Ltd. | Fluid controller |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2901851B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-02 | 2010-11-19 | Parker Hannifin France Holding | Ilot pour distibuteurs pneumatiques |
| DE102006056089A1 (de) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Festo Ag & Co. | Ventileinrichtung |
| DE102006060923A1 (de) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Testo Ag | Ventilblock |
| DE102018008848A1 (de) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-14 | Dürr Somac GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Befüllung von Behältern mit Betriebsstoffen an Montagelinien der Automobilindustrie |
| EP4083442B1 (de) * | 2021-04-30 | 2025-04-23 | ABB Schweiz AG | System von ventilpositionierern mit pneumatischem ausgang |
| DE102022001507A1 (de) | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | Dürr Somac GmbH | Verbindungshülse für hydraulische und pneumatische Baugruppen |
| DE102022121840B3 (de) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-01-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hydrauliksteuerung in Plattenbauweise |
| DE102022004464A1 (de) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-05-29 | Dürr Somac GmbH | Baueinheit zur Ausgestaltung einer Schnittstelle für einen Befülladapter zur Befüllung von Fahrzeugen |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE36469C (de) | haniel & lueg in Düsseldorf-Grafenberg | Caps-Einrichtung | ||
| US3707163A (en) | 1970-07-08 | 1972-12-26 | Robert Klinger Kunststoff Spri | Control valve block for gaseous or liquid fluid media for universal application |
| US5048569A (en) | 1990-02-16 | 1991-09-17 | Festo Kg | Valve component group |
| US5222524A (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1993-06-29 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Control device for fluidic media in particular for compressed air |
| DE4226539A1 (de) | 1992-08-11 | 1994-02-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektropneumatische Ventilbaugruppe |
| DE4409667C1 (de) | 1994-03-15 | 1995-08-24 | Mannesmann Ag | Wegeventilanordnung mit Wegeventil und Grundplatte |
| DE9421326U1 (de) | 1994-11-11 | 1995-08-31 | Mannesmann AG, 40213 Düsseldorf | Wegeventil mit einem X/2-Wegeventilkörper |
| GB2301167A (en) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-11-27 | Elizabeth Mary Shansonga | System valve |
| DE10204250A1 (de) | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Mehrfachventilanordnung für strömende Medien |
| US6832622B2 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2004-12-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | System for automatic processing of fluids using combinable and interchangeable process modules |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD36469A3 (de) * | 1962-08-30 | 1965-04-26 |
-
2003
- 2003-10-15 DE DE2003147936 patent/DE10347936B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-10-12 US US10/962,961 patent/US7357141B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-15 EP EP20040105088 patent/EP1524437A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE36469C (de) | haniel & lueg in Düsseldorf-Grafenberg | Caps-Einrichtung | ||
| US3707163A (en) | 1970-07-08 | 1972-12-26 | Robert Klinger Kunststoff Spri | Control valve block for gaseous or liquid fluid media for universal application |
| US5048569A (en) | 1990-02-16 | 1991-09-17 | Festo Kg | Valve component group |
| US5222524A (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1993-06-29 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Control device for fluidic media in particular for compressed air |
| DE4226539A1 (de) | 1992-08-11 | 1994-02-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektropneumatische Ventilbaugruppe |
| DE4409667C1 (de) | 1994-03-15 | 1995-08-24 | Mannesmann Ag | Wegeventilanordnung mit Wegeventil und Grundplatte |
| DE9421326U1 (de) | 1994-11-11 | 1995-08-31 | Mannesmann AG, 40213 Düsseldorf | Wegeventil mit einem X/2-Wegeventilkörper |
| GB2301167A (en) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-11-27 | Elizabeth Mary Shansonga | System valve |
| US6832622B2 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2004-12-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | System for automatic processing of fluids using combinable and interchangeable process modules |
| DE10204250A1 (de) | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Mehrfachventilanordnung für strömende Medien |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD854656S1 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-07-23 | Nagano Keiki Co., Ltd. | Fluid controller |
| US20190032800A1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-31 | Buerkert Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Actuating unit for a process valve and process valve |
| US10753375B2 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-08-25 | Buerkert Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Actuating unit for a process valve and process valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10347936B4 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP1524437A2 (de) | 2005-04-20 |
| EP1524437A3 (de) | 2005-08-24 |
| US20050081915A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| DE10347936A1 (de) | 2005-05-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: REXROTH MECMAN GMBH, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JANIETZ, ULRICH;BRANDES, WOLFGANG;MEYER, ERNST-AUGUST;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015892/0780 Effective date: 20041007 |
|
| FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
| LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
| STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
| STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
| FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20160415 |