US793857A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 793,857. PATENTED JULY 4, 1905. E. G. TERRY.

STEAM TURBINE,

APPLIUATION FILED mm: 25, 19M.

a 5M 1 J3 MIME 5555" '1? 177M572 Z271,

PATENTED JULY 1, 1905.

E. U. TERRY. STEAM TURBINE.

AEPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1904.

llllll IHIII N0. 793,857. I PATENTED JULY 4, 1905. E. G. TERRY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 25, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nirrnn Saraarns Patented July t, llElUEv.

ldafrnnrr Ori ice.

EDWARD C. 'IERRY, OF HARllFORD, UONNE ,TICUTL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,857, dated July 4:, 1905.

Application filed June 25, 1904. Serial No. 21%,108.

To all when] 711; may concern.-

.lie it known that l, EDWARD (J. 'llmmv, a citizen of the United States, residing at ltlartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Steamillurbines, of which the followii'ig is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam-turbines; and the objects of my im- 'novement are sim plicity and economy in construction and ellicienc v in use.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my turbine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same on the line r :1 of .liig. Fig 3 is a transverse vertical section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 9.. Fig. 3-} is a reduced vertical section of the first induction-casing on the line of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional plan view of the lower part of the case or frame with the upper part removed. Fig. 5 is an enlarged edge view of a portion of the wheel with two of the buckets removed. Fig. 6 is a broken-out side elevation of a portion of the wheel, two buckets being left out to show the curved slots and recesses that receive the bucketplates. Fig. 7 is a detached plan view of one of the bucket-plates and integral curved wall of the bucket, showing the inner face of the said bucket-plate. Fig. 8 is an edge view showing the inner edge of a group of reversing-chambers and the two plates to which they are attached. Fig. 9 is a central transverse section of a portion of the wheel and a few of the rcversing-chal'nbers.

My turbine is of the class in which there is a series of semicircular or U-shaped buckets and a series of semicircular or lull-shaped reversing-chambers, the said buckets and charm bers being arranged mouth to mouth, either at the edge or side of the wheel, all substantially as shown and described in my Patent No. 741,385. dated October 13, i903. lVhile :lollowing the general construction of the said patent as to the wheel and revcnsing-chanr hers, I have made some changes therein, as will be hereinafter described. .l have also combined two or more wheels with two or more fluid-tight chambers with jets and means for causing the fluid passing from each jet to act more than once on the same set of buckets. in the particular example shown l employ three wheels and three fluid-tight (illtLlTllJGlS, two of the said chambers having therein an induetion-casing, 'while the induetion-casing for the other chamber is on the outside.

A designates the lower part or half of the casing or frame and B its cap or upper half. At each end of the lower part of the frame there is a suitable bracket or arm, upon which the main hearings or boxes 10 for the wheelshaft 11 is mounted, the minor hearings or boxes 12 being formed in the outer walls of the parts A and 1-3. The parts A and B are divided into three fluid-tight chambers l3, H, and 15, the same being formed by the outer walls of the said parts A and B and the two diaphragms or partitions 16, partly on the lower part A and partly on the cap E, as best shown in Fig. 2. Still other shaft-boxes, packings, or closures 17 for the wheel-shaft 11 are provided at the junctions of the partitions 16 in the parts A B. Mounted on the wheel-shaft there is a wheel 18 within each of the three chambers, and outside of the said wheels, but within the said chambers, there are groups of reversing-chambcrs 19. Outside of the main casing or frame there is an induction casing or chamber 20; but in order to clearly distinguish from the wheel-chambers the term easing instead of chamber will be hereinafter used to designate this casingQO and the corresporuling parts that are inclosed within the wheel-chan1hers. This inductioncasing 20 is divided into four compartments, the first (iOl'lll'mlblllOnlj 21, being provided with the steam or fluid inlet pipe 22-, that receives the steam for all of the wheels. This compartment is arranged ccu'lcentrically with the other three compartments 23, 24, and 2a of the imluction-casing 20, and it is in permanent communication through the outlet 25 with the middle one 23 of. these three com partments and may be also in communication with both of the coimiartmcnts 2 lwhen desired through the openings 26, Fig. and valves 27. Two jet-pipes 28 with properly-directed jets 29 extend from the middle compartment 23 to the under side of the wheel 18 in the first chamher 13, and like pi pes 30 and jets 29 extend in IOC.)

like manner from the compartments A. An induction-casing 31 is placed inside of the second chamber let, where it is held in place by the bolts and set-screws 32, the outer end of which abuts against a lug 33, so that turning the screw outwardly forces the opposite side of the casing 31 against the opposite wall of the said chamber let (or against suitable bosses on the said wall) and securely fastens the said induction-casing in place. The said casing 31 is divided into four compartments, the two lower and middle ones being designated 3&, Fig. 3, and the other two 35, Figs. 3 and 4:. As shown, these two compartments 34: are intended to be supplied with live steam when in use, and hence the partition is not essential. If, however, it should be desired to let steam pass through only one of them, then the partition between the said two compartments 34 would become useful. The compartments 3d are in permanent communication with the preceding chamber 16 through the connections 36. The other compartments 35 may be placed in communication with the preceding chamber 16 when desired by means of the valves 37. The compartments 35 are extended from their upper ends upwardly and downwardly to the side passages 38, in which the valves 37 are located, and which passages are wide enough to bring the said valves opposite the said first chamber 16, as shown in Fig. 4. This induction-casing is also provided with jet- pipes 28 and 30, having jets 29, the same as before described for the first induction-casing. The third chamber 15 has an induction-casing 39 and pipes with jets 29, as hereinbefore described, only it extends farther around in the chamber, so as to deliver to a greater portion of the periphery of the wheel or wholly around the wheel, as maybe desired. It is supported in place and connected with the preceding chamber in the same manner as described for the induction-casing 31. The first chamber 13 is provided with an exhaust-outlet e0, while the third chamber 15 has an exhaust-outlet 41, either of which may be used when desired; but an illustration and description of means for closing the unused exhaust is thought to be unnecessary. The several valves 27 and 37 on each side may be all operated simultaneously by means of beveled gears 12 and operating-shafts e3.

As in my aforesaid patent, the wheel 18 comprises two disks A: with U-shaped or semicircular buckets confined between the said two disks. In the present construction I form the said disks with curved grooves e5, extending inwardly from the circumference at an acute angle to receive the two opposite edges of the bucket plates 16, which are formed with a curve in edge view correspondingly to the curve of the said grooves. A small portion of these grooves near the periphery is cut entirely through the disks to form the notches or recesses A7 to receive the lugs 48, that project beyond the side edges of the main portion of the bucket-plates 16. In Fig. 6 the lower part shows the outer face of one of the disks 4.4, while the inner face of the other disk is shown at the upper part except when it is hidden from view by the buckets. Two buckets are omitted in order to show the grooves and slots so and 17. In my former patent the curved edge or wall of each bucket was formed separately from the bucket-plate, but as herein shown the said walls at?) are formed integral with the plates s16, and in order to enable them to be so formed by drop-forging I have beveled the said wall on the outer side, as shown, leaving the said wall on the inner side at substantially a right angle to the surface of the bucketplate. It will also be noticed that in the integral structure a portion of the edge wall at the mouth of the buckets extends beyond the corresponding edge of the bucket-plate on which the said wall is built, and this projecting portion is left substantially straight to fit up against the side of the disks as, as shown in Fig. These combined bucket-walls and plates are placed between the two disks 4A, with the edge of the narrower portion of the plates within the curved grooves, while the wider portion has its lugs a8 within the recesses -17. When so placed, the edge of the curved wall on each bucket-plate rests against and is fitted to the broad side of the adjacent bucket-plate, thereby inclosing both broad sides of each bucket. They are secured in place by pins 50, inserted in drilled holes, so that the said pins are partly in the lugs and partly in the disks to form a lock-joint of an ordinary construction in other devices to hold the said plates against moving in an edgewise direction. After fastening the buckets in place the edge of the wheel is turned off and the buckets finished as maybe desired. It is, however, preferred to bring the edge of each bucket-plate at the mouth to substantially a sharp edge and to do so by beveling the inlet half of each plate, (the right-hand side, as shown in Fig. 5, by removing the metal from the outer face and the discharge side by removing the metal from the inner face,) whereby there is a slight offset at the middle portion of the edge of each bucket-plate when seen in the edge view.

The reversingchambers 19 are or may be constructed substantially as in my aforesaid patent and secured between two annular plates or segments of annular plates by letting the edges into grooves in the said plates. As in the said patent, it is proposed to arrange the roversiug-chambers in groups of four chambers for one jet; but in the construction herein shown one or more reversing-chamhers are omitted between each group and the succeeding jet and group. In 9 the jet-pipe is indicated in broken circles and its jet is arranged to discharge into the following reversing-chamber, as in the aloresaid patent. The lirst reversirig-chamber in each group is made of substantially the same thickness or dimensions 'l rom plate to plate as are the buckets oi the wheel at the periphery, while the other chambers are of greaterdimensions from plate to plate by a distance about equal to the dimen sions of one and a half buckets. It is pre :lerred to make the terminal edge of the plate of the reversing-chambers slanting, with the me ception of the last plate in each group, and to have the edge of this last plate extend squarely across, or nearly so, from side to side. Inasmuch as the lirst reversing-chamber in each group is not backed by another chamber, it has two plates, while all the others are formed of only one plate and the curved wall, so that there are live plates in a group 01 four reversing-chan'ibers. in Fig. 8 the left-hand one of the plates ln'iarked 19) shows the square across terminal edgeot' the last plate in a group of four reversing-chambers.

The four slanting lines and succeeding square across line included within the bracket 51 represents the terminal edges of the live plates of the four reversirig-chambers of one group, while the plate 19, with slanting edge at the right in said Fig. 8, is the lirst plate in the succeeding group of four reversing-chainbers. Instead of making the slanting edges all on the same angle or slant the plate or plates of the first reversing-chamber has the most slant, and then the succeeding plates slant gradually less until the edge ol the last plate stands square across, as before described. The last three 01 the reversing-chainbers in each group have thccentral discharge-orilice 52, as in the aforesaid patent. Making the dimensions of the reversing-chainbers greater than the dimensions of the bucket-spaces measured at the periphery of the wheel has somewhat the effect 01" making the terminal edge slant, whereby when a bucket and reversing-chamber register with each other on the side where the steam passes from the reversing-chamber to the bucket the side where the steam returns from the wheel-bucket to the reversing-chamher will not register. llt is not essential in making these chan'ibers of greater dimensions than the buckets that the terminal edge ol the plates in the reversii'lg-chambers should slant nor if slanted that the angle should gradually change.

ll steam is let into the imluction-casing 20 when the valves 27 and 37 are closed and the exhaust 40 also closed, it will pass through to the com 'mrtment 23, then through the pipes 28 and jets 29 to the reversing-chambers l9 and wheel 18 in the lower part of the llnidtight chamber 13 for driving the said wheel. The motive liuid discharged from each jet passes into the buckets of the wheel and then out in to a reversing-chamber, which again returns the said fluid to the wheel, whereby the fluid passing from each jet acts more than.

once on the same set of buckets. By the same set of buckets is meant one circle ol buckets around the wheel, which set is always presented to the same jet and its group of reversingchambers which cause that jet to act more than once on that same set of buckets. "vi'ith a group of four reversing-chainbers, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, each jet acts four times on the set of buckets that lies opposite the said chambers. The steam discharges from the lirst wheel into the said lirst chamber 1?, from whence it flows through the lower part ol the said chamber into the lower compartments 34; of the second inductioircasing within the second fluid-tight chamber and in like manner through the pipes 2t and jets 29 to'the reversing-chambers and wheel at the lower part of this second fluid-tight chamber. in like manner it passes into and through the third wheel and chamber and out at the linal exhaust 41. It the valves 2'7 and 37 are open, the steam passes through in the manner before described, and in addition thereto it passes from the compartment 21 through the valve-orilice 26 in the lirst induction-casing into the comparti'nents 24:, then through the pipes to the wheel in chamber 13, then through valve 37 to the side passage 38 into the compartments of the inductiorrcasin g 31 to the second wheel and chamber, then in like manner to the third wheel and chamber and out at the exhaust 41. The exhaust 40 may be located in any chamber before that containing the linal exhaust 1, according to the degree of expansion which is desired to utilize. N rhen the exhaust i0 is used, the steam does not act on the succeeding wheels.

Vl hile some portion of the detachable induction-easing projects upwardly above the dividing-seam between the parts A B, the part B may be removed without disturbing the induetion-casing.

ll claim as my invention- 'l. The combination of two or more fluidtight chambers with a wheel in each chamber, one or more jet-nozzles for each wheel, means for causing thelluid-jet after lirst leaving the wheel to return and act more than once on the same set of buckets and means For connecting each chamber with the succeeding chamber.

2. The combination ol two or more lluidtight chambers with a wheel and reversingchambers in each of the said fluid-tightchambers, the buckets of the said wheel and the said reversing-chainbers being of si'lbstantially a sen'iicircular form, facing each other month to mouth and discharging one into the other and means for connecting each chamber with the succeeding chamber.

The combination of two or more fluidtight wheel-chambers divided into separable upper and lower parts, and adetaehable ind nction-casing attached to the lower part within one or more oil? the said chambers.

a. The combination of two or more communicating fluid-tight chambers with a wheel and detachable induction-casing for each of the said chambers, the said induction-casing having separate compartments, and means for opening and closing the said compartments for the passage of the fluid through a part only or all of the said compartments, as may be desired.

5. The combination of the two-part case or frame A, B, having diaphragms dividing the same into separate wheelchambers, with an induction-casing located within part of the said chambers and secured to the lower part of the said frame, and passages leading from the preceding chamber into the said ind notioncasing in the succeeding chamber.

6. A wheel consisting of two disks having notches in their edges and grooves extending inwardly from the said notches on the confronting sides of the said disks, and bucketwalls and bucket-plates, the said bucket-plates having their edges received in the said notches and grooves, and the bucket-walls being between the said plates.

T. A Wheel consisting of two disks having notches extending inwardly from their edges and grooves extending inwardly from the said notches, bucket-walls andbucket-plates with the edges of the said plates in the said notches and grooves, and a pin partly in the said disks and partly in the said plates for holding the said plates within the said grooves.

8. A wheel having a series of hollow buckets with open and unobstructed semicylindrical spaces within the said buckets. and confronting series of hollow reversing-chambers with openand unobstructed semicylindrical spaces therein, the spaces within the said reversing-chambers IHOHSLHGLl at the periphery of the wheel being in excess of the spaces within the buckets by a fraction of a bucketspace.

9. A wheel having a series of buckets and confronting reversingchambers the spaces within the said reversing-chainbers measured at the periphery of the wheel being in excess of the spaces within the buckets and the edge of the reversing-chambers at the discharging side being in advance of the edge at the receiving side by the fraction of a bucket-space measured at the periphery.

10. A Wheel having a series of buckets and confronting series of reversing-chambers arranged in a group or groups, and a jet leading into the first reversing-chamber in each group, the said reversingchambers consisting of curved walls and plates with the terminal edges of the successive plates arranged at different angles to the axisof the wheel.

11. A wheel consisting of two disks with buckets between, each bucket consisting of a curved wall and integral plate the said buckets beingheld between the said disks by means of the said plates.

EDVARD G. TERRY. \Vitnesses:

LAWRENCE D. BIGELOW, Janus SHEPARD.

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