US795253A - Haircloth-loom. - Google Patents

Description

No. 7952253. PATENTED JULY 18, 1905. G. S. 00X. HAIRGLOTH LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27,1904.

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No. 795,253. PATENTED JULY 18, 1905. G. S. 00X. HAIRCLOTH LOOM.

WITNESSES: j 167 66 69 J/MfENTUR @fizMI A T TORNEYS moan luuuwl m. mmunmcmmxwunmnc PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

G. S. COX.

HAIRGLOTH LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27.1904.

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NTTED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE S. COX, OF FITZVVATERTOWVN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, AND \VALTER S. COX, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, TRADING AS GEORGE S. COX AND BROTHER.

HAlRCLOTH-LOOIVI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 795,253, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed July 2'7, 1904. Serial No. 218,323.

T 0 (bZZ whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. Cox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fitzwatertown, county of Montgomery, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Haircloth-Looms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to looms, and more particularly to that type of loom adapted to the manufacture of haircloth.

The object of the invention is to produce a loom adapted to the manufacture of different cloth that maybe classified under the generic title of haircloth and to manufacture such cloth with greater rapidity than has heretofore been possible.

The standard variety of haircloth consists of cotton warp and horsehair weft, there being a pick of hair in each shed of Warp. Certain new varieties of haircloth fabric have been invented and designed by I/Valter S. CoX and myself, to which I shall briefly refer, as it is the object of the present invention to provide a loom capable of manufacturing these fabrics, and a general understanding of these fabrics is necessary in order to comprehend the purposes of the features of construction and modes of operation characterizing the improved loom forming the subject of this application. The patent issued to WValter S. Cox, No. 726,648, dated April 28, 1903, and the patent issued to me, No. 756,215, dated April 5, 1904, describe a fabric which as one of its characteristics contains alternate sections of hair and linenthat is, a plurality of picks of hair alternating with a plurality of picks of linen-and which is hereinafter referred to as fabric No. 1. In a patent issued to me September 13, 1904, No. 769,790, there is disclosed a fabric which contains a pick of hair and a pick of linen or other comparatively flexible and thick material in each shed of warp and which is hereinafter referred to as fabric No. 2. I have also devised a cloth in which the Weft consists of hair of two or more different colors, such as a cloth consisting of alternate picks of black and white hair (hereinafter referred to as fabric No. 3 or a cloth containing alternate series of picks of black and white hair, (hereinafter referred to as fabric No. 4.) The loom forming the subject of this application is capable of making either of these different fabrics by simply moving into operative position certain parts and out of operative position certain other parts and is also capable of making these different fabrics at a speed varying from two to four times the speed of the standard haircloth-loom, dependent upon the particular kind of fabric that is made.

The invention consists in certain general and specific combinations and features of construction that will be hereinafter described in connection with numerous detailed features of construction cooperating therewith that are disclosed in a certain patent granted to me and in certain applications filed by me as follows: Patent No. 756,334, dated April 5, 1904; application Serial No. 187 ,266, filed December 31, 1903, and application Serial No. 218,322, filed on even date herewith.

The novel combinations and features of construction will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the loom looking toward one side thereof. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the loom looking toward the other side thereof. Fig. 3 is a view, partially in front elevation and partially in section, on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detailed view of the head-motion for controlling the actuation of the weft-shifting mechanism in the manufacture of certain of the varieties of cloth hereinbefore specified. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the mechanism of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail plan View of the shuttle, shuttle-boxes, and appurtenant mechanism. Fig. 7 is a detail side view of the yarn-carrier.

a is the frame of the loom, having suitable bearings for the studs of the lay b, for the spindles of the warp-beam c and take-up roller (Z, for the shaft of ratchet-wheel 2, and for the crank-shaft f.

g is a spur-gear on the shaft of ratchetwheel 6, 72 a spur-gear on the spindle of the take-up roller (Z.

27 7]: Z are the chain of gears connecting gears g and 71., whereby the take-up roller is operated.

The shaft f has a spur-gear m, which is driven by a spur-gear 0 on the shaft 2. The shaft 12 is driven from the main driving-shaft Q by means of a bevel-gear w on the shaft 9 engaging a bevel-gear 2*, formed on the side of the gear 0.

y z are connecting-rods connecting the cranks of shaft f with the lay 6.

Referring to Fig. 1, t Z are troughs or re ceptacles adapted to contain the separate strands of hair. Either or both of these troughs are utilized, dependent upon the particular variety of cloth that is being woven, as will hereinafter be particularly explained. 1- is the yarn-carrier for the linen or other yarn and is brought into operation in the manufacture of the particular varieties of cloth that contains linen weft. w. is the nipper or shuttle, the action of which is to grasp one end of a strand of hair that has been previously selected from either of the troughs tr by the selector and pull it across the loom or to grasp an end of yarn that is presented to it by the yarn-carrier r or to grasp both a strand or hair or an end of yarn simultaneously, all dependent upon the particular variety of cloth that is being woven, as will hereinafter be particularly explained. These troughs, yarircarrier, and selector are dupli cated on the opposite side of the machine, (see Fig. 2,) duplicate reference-letters being applied thereto, and the nipper is provided with nipping-jaws at each end, (see Figs. 3 and 6,) so as to operate in moving in both directions across the loom.

It may be well to have a preliminary understanding of the relative operations which the hair-troughs, selector, yarn-carrier, and nipper are designed to have in the manufacture of the different varieties of cloth hereinbefore mentioned in order that the purposes of the mechanism controlling their operations may be appreciated as the description proceeds. I would say, therefore, that in the manufacture of fabric No. 1 each trough 71' contains hair and each trough t is empty. The parts are in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 when the hair section is being woven, the selectors are operative, being in operative relation with the hair-containin g troughs, and the yarn-carriers are inoperative, not being in line of travel of the nipper. IVhen the linen section is to be woven, the troughs and yarn-carrier are moved, (to the left, Fig. l, to the right, Fig. 2,) so as to bring each empty trough under the corresponding selector, thereby rendering the latter inoperative, and each yarn-carrier in line of travel of the nipper, thereby rendering them operative. In the manufacture of fabric No. 2 each trough if contains hair and each trough t is empty and the troughs and yarn-carrier are moved into the last-named position (to the left, Fig. l, to the right, Fig. 2) and retained in that position, rendering both selectors and both yarn-carriers operative and causing the nipper to grasp a pick of hair and a pick of yarn in its movement in each direction across the loom. In the manufacture of fabric No.

3 the yarn-carriers hold no yarn and aretherefore inoperative. The trough i on one side and the trough Z" on the other side contain one color of hair, (say blaclkg) while the other two troughs contain another color of hair, (say white.) The troughs may be in either of their two possible positions. Assuming that the troughs are in the position shown in the drawings, the nipper will take black hair from the trough 2, on one side and white hair from the trough t on the other side alternately. If one of the selectors misses a hair, (say a black hair in one of the troughs 26,) the troughs are caused to shift (by means hereinafter described) and the troughs t brought into operation. The selector on the other side then selects a black hair from its corresponding trough if and the nipper thus continues to select alternate black and white hairs from troughs 6 until the selector again misses a hair, when another shift of the troughs occurs. Thereby a constant alternation of black and white hairs is maintained notwithstanding the occasional missing of hairs. In the manufacture of fabric No. fk the yarn-carrier carries no yarn and is there fore inoperative. The troughs [each contain one color of hair, (say black,)aud the troughs 2," another color of hair, (say white.) hen the black-hair section is being woven, the troughs are in the position shown in the drawings and the nipper takes black hair from the trough if on one side and black hair from the trough t on the other side alternately. hen the whitehair section is to be woven, the troughs are caused to shift (by means hereinafter described) and the troughs t containing the white hair brought into operation.

Having thus described the way in which the troughs and yarn-carriers are used and shifted in the weaving of the different varieties of cloth mentioned, I will proceed to describe the mechanism for shifting each pair of troughs and the corresponding yarn-carrier. 10 is a slide working in a bracket supported on the loom-frame. This slide carries the slide 11, to which the troughs t r and the guide 12 are secured. Through the guide 12 extends the rod 13, to which the yarncarricr r is attached. It will therefore be understood that by operating the slide 10 the troughs and yarn-carrier will be given the shifting movements hereinbefore described.

The following means are provided to actuate each of the slides 10: 1% and are gears I control lever.

rotating in bearings in the loom-frame. gear 15 is connected by a connecting-rod 16 with the slide 10 and engages the gear 1%, which is of twice the diameter of the gear 15. The gears 1% on opposite sides of the loom are secured to a common shaft. hen the gears 1% are given a quarter-turn, the gears 15 are given a half-turn, drawing the slides 10 from the position shown in the drawings to their other operative positions and shifting the troughs and yarn-carriers as before described. lVhen the gears 1% are given another quarter-turn, thereby giving the gears 15 another half-turn, the slides are returned to their illustrated positions.

To give the gears 1% a quarter-turn, the following means are provided: One of the gears 1%, which I call the index-wheel, is provided with four pins 17, arranged ninety degrees apart, said pins being adapted to be engaged in turn by the hooked end of a lever 18, pivoted between its ends to one end of a lever 19. The other end of lever 19 is pivoted to the loom and between its ends is provided with a boss 20. On the shaftfis acam 21, which at each rotation of the shaft engages the boss 20, thus lifting the levers 19 and 18.

Normally the lever 18 reciprocates idly, the hooked end of the lever not being in position to engage a pin. The lever is turned on its pivot to bring it into operative position only when it is desired to actuate the slide to change the weft. The lever is so turned on its pivot by lifting the flexible connection 2%, which is attached to the upper end of the hooked lever. The other end of the flexible connection 2% extends over a roller and is secured to the end of a lever 2%0, pivoted on the frame. The lever 2%0 is also connected by a wire 260 with one end of a draw-bar 26.

262 is a spring one end of which is secured to the lever 210, while the other end is secured to the frame. This spring normally holds the lever 2%0 and draw-bar 26 in their normally inoperative positions. The draw-bar 26 is made in two sections hinged together at 261. The other end 26 of the draw-bar 26 is notched and adapted to be engaged by the constantly-reciprocating knife 27 of the shedding motion. ends of connecting-rods 28, which are pivoted to double-ended levers 29, secured to the shaft 50. 30 is a rod connected at one end to an arm 390 on one of the double-ended levers 29 and at the other end to one end of a lever 31, provided with a roller 32, engaging the camway of the cam-disk 33 on the cam-shaft, whereby the shaft is oscillated. Normally, however, the knife 27 is ineffective to actuate The knife 27 is attached to the the draw-bar 26, the notched end of the drawbar being held above the path of travel of the knife 27 by means of the light end of a pivoted lever 3%, which I call a weft-shift- \Vhen this end of the lever The 3%- is depressed, (by mechanism hereinafter described,) the hooked end 26 of the draw-bar 26 drops. Then, as before described, the knife 27 actuates the draw-bar 26, which, through the medium of the connections 2% and 260, moves the constantly-reciprocating hooked lever into position to engage one of the pins 17 on the gear 1%, thereby shifting the slides 10 and the troughs and yarn-carriers carried thereby, as before described.

I show two ways of operating the lever 3%.

In the weaving of fabric No. 1 it is necessary to determine the shift from hair to linen, and vice versa, by pattern mechanism, and in the weaving of fabric No. it is necessary that pattern mechanism should determine the shift from black hair to white hair, and vice versa. In the weaving of these fabrics, therefore, I place a pattern-chain 36 on the sprocket-wheel 38, the boss 35 on the heavy end of lever 3% resting over the pattern-chain and in'line of travel of the lugs 37 thereon. The sprocketwheel 38, together with the pattern-drum %6 and the ratchet-wheel %7, is secured to the shaft 39. %5 is a pawl-lever pivoted to an arm %90, secured to shaft 50. At each oscillation of the shaft 50 the pawl-lever %5 actuates the ratchet-wheel %7, thereby turning the pattern-drum and pattern-chain. hen one of the lugs 37 of the pattern-chain travels under the boss 35, the heavy end of the weft-shiftcontrol lever 3% is raised and the light end lowered, thereby, through the mechanism before described, determining the shift of slides 10. 'In the weaving of fabric No. 3 it is necessary, as before described, to shift the slides 10 whenever the selector misses a hair, and no pattern mechanism is necessary. In weaving this fabric, therefore, the pattern-chain is taken off its sprocket-wheel or is otherwise rendered inoperative in any convenient way, and other means are provided to operate the weft-shift-control lever 3%, which means will be hereinafter described.

I will now describe the mechanism for actuating the ratchet e, which, as before described, actuates the cloth-beam.

58 is a bracket secured to the lay.

56 is a lever pivoted at its lower end to the frame of the loom and connected at its upper end by a rod 57 with the bracket 58.

5% is a pawl pivoted to the lever 56. At each forward stroke of the lay the pawl 5% turns the ratchet e a distance of one tooth. The pawl 60, pivoted to the frame, acts as a holding-pawl.

In the weaving of fabric No. 1 it is necessary during the weaving of the yarn section to advance the cloth more rapidly because of the greater thickness of the yarn. To this end a second pawl is pivoted to the lever 56, its point of attachment to lever 56 being about twice as far from the levers point as the point of attachment of pawl 54:. so that as the lay advances the pawl 55 when in Opera tive position advances the ratchet a distance of two teeth.

During the weaving of the hair section of fabric No. 1 the pawl is held out of operation by means of a flexible connection composed of a chain 590 and cord 59, the latter being attached to pawl 55 and the former to the slide 10 on that side of theloom, the pawl being then the operative pawl for ratchet w and turning the latter, as before stated, a distance of one tooth at each forward stroke of the lay; but when the slide 10 is moved into position to bring the yarncarrier into operation the pawl is permitted to drop, thus bringing it into operative position.

During the operation of either pawl 54 or pawl the pawl 60, pivoted to the frame, acts as a l'mldingpawl.

in the weaving of fabric No. 2 the slides 10 are shifted, as before described, from the position shown in the drawings, so as to maintain the troughs 2/" in operative relation with the selector and the yarn-carriers in operation. During the weaving of this cloth, therefore, the pawl is constantly in engagement with the ratchet (a, and the latter is turned a distance of two teeth each time the lay advances, which is necessary in view of there beinga pick of hair and a pick of yarn in each shed.

lln the weaving of fabrics Nos. 3 and at, there being no yarn used, the pawl 54 should act constantly as the operative pawl for the ratchet (k, which is effected by stripping the pawl 55 from the loom or otherwise rendering it inoperative.

During the weaving of fabric No. 2 or the yarn section of fabric No. 1 it is necessary to cut off the yarn at or about (preferably before) the time that the completion of a throw of a pick by the nipper a. To effect this, I provide a cutter or shears, one blade 61 of which is secured to the loom-frame, while the other blade 62 is pivoted to blade 61 and connected, by means of a link 63, with one end of a bell-crank lever 64. The other end of the bell-crank is connected by a link 65 with the lower end of an intermediately-pivoted lever 66, the upper end of which carries a roller 6?.

68 is a cam on the cam-shaft having an abrupt descent from its highest to its lowest point, so that as the roller 67 overrides its highest point the spring 69, acting upon the lower end of the lever 66, is free to draw that end of the lever 66 back rapidly, thus through link 65, bell-crank 6 1, and link 68 drawing down the cutting end of blade 62 of the shears and severing the yarn. Immediately thereafter the cam 68 again acts upon the roller 67 to move the lever 66 to its illustrated position, thus again opening the blades of the shears. This mechanism is provided on both sides of the loom.

It sometimes happens that the selector 8 misses a hair, under which conditions it is desirable to stop the rotation of the cloth-beam in order to prevent the warp feeding forward until after a pick of hair is thrown. This is effected by lifting the holding-pawl 60 off the ratchet I, as without this pawl the tension of the cloth -beam tends to return the ratchetwheel after it is moved forward by the pawl 54. To raise pawl 60, the following mechanism is provided: Attached to the rear end of pawl 60 is a flexible connection 78, which extends around a roller 79 and thence up to the top of the loom, where it is attached to a lever 80, secured to a shaft 630, turning on bearings on the top of the loom-frame. Pivoted to lever 80, near the point of attachn'ient of the flexible connection 78, is a rod 81, to the lower end of which is pivoted a lever 82, having near its lower end a notch 83. Pivoted to the loom-frame is a lever 84:, having a boss ongaging a cam 86011 the cam-shaft. As the cam 86 rotates the lever 84 is raised, and a lug 85 on the free end of the lever is adapted to engage the notch 83 of lever 82, thereby raising lever 82, red 81, and lever 80, the latter through the flexible connection 7 8 raising the pawl 60 out of contact with the ratchet-wheel 0. Normally, however, the notched lever 82 just before the lever 84 rises has been moved into the position shown in the drawings and is not in position to be engaged by the lug 85-that is, whenever the selector s selects a hair the hair as it is pulled across the loom by the nipper 92 engages and depresses the linger 87, secured to one arm of the bell-crank 88. The other arm of the bell-crank 88 has a bifurcated end engaging the lower end of the notched lever 82, and when the finger 87 is depressed the bell-crank moves the notched lever 82 into the position shown in the drawings and out of the" line of movement of the lug 85; but when the selector misses a hair there is nothing to move the notched lever 82 out of its vertical position, which causes it to be engaged by the lever 84, with the result that the pawl 60 is lifted from the ratchet and remains disengaged until the selector succeeds in picking up a hair. If the selector misses a hair, it is also necessary to stop the operation of the pattern-shaft in the weaving of fabrics Nos. 1 and 4 in order that the prescribed number of picks of weft shall be thrown before the pattern-chain dictates the shift of slides 10. Of course in the weaving of fabrics 2 and 3, in which no pattern-chain is used, the stoppage of the pattern-shaft is unnecessary, but, on the other hand, does no harm. The stoppage of the pattern-shaft is effected by raising out of action the pawl-lever 45. The

pawl-lever 45 is raised by means of a stud 600, sliding in guides 610, which is raised by the free end of a lever 620, this lever being secured to the shaft 630, to which the lever 80 is also secured, as before described. hen by the operation of the mechanism before described the missing of a pick of hair by the selector dictates the raising of lever 80, the latter through shaft 630, lever 620, and stud 600 raises the pawl-lever 45 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel 47, the said pawl-lever remaining disengaged until the selector succeeds in picking up a hair.

I have already described how in the manufacture of fabrics Nos. 1 and 1 when the lug on the pattern-chain moves under the weftshift-control lever 341 it dictates the shift of the slides 10 in order to change the weft. It will also be understood that if the lug remained under the lever 34 and held up the lever 34 and then the selector missed a hair the resultant disengagement of the pawl-lever 45 from the ratchet-wheel 4:7 just described would cause the pattern-chain to remain stationary and the lug thereon continuing to hold up the lever 34: would cause the slide 10 to shift back again. by arranging the links on the chain out of alinement with the pins 460 on the patterndrum, so that when the ratchet-wheel 4:7 is turned a distance of one tooth a line of pins L is brought immediately under the corresponding draw-bars, while the lug on the pattern-chain passes under and beyond the lever 3a. The lug therefore merely lifts the lever 34 and does not hold it up, the latter function being effected by a weighted bell-crank lever 650, the unweighted arm having a hook 66 at one end, which engages anotch 670 on the le' ver 34 when the latter is lifted by the pattern-chain lug. To release the lever 34, I provide a bracket 680 on the draw-bar 26. As before described, when the lever 34 is lifted the draw-bar 26 drops and the knife 27 then actuates the draw-bar to operate the chain of mechanism for shifting the slide 10. During this operation of the draw-bar, just before it has completed its movement, the bracket 68 engages the hooked arm of the hell-crank lever 650, withdrawing the book from under the notched end of lever 34 and permit-ting the latter to drop.

It has been hereinbefore stated that in the weaving of fabric No. 3 the pattern-chain is removed, and means are provided to operate the weft-shift-control lever 34: whenever the selector misses a hair. These means are as follows: Secured to the shaft 630 is a lever 100, to which is pivoted a rod 101, having a bifurcated end engaging the lever 34 and secured thereto by means of a pin 301. l/Vhen by the operation of the mechanism before described the missing of a pick of hair by the selector dictates the raising of lever 80, the latter through shaft 630, lever 100, and rod 101 lifts the heavy end of lever 3 which dictates the shifting of the slides 10, as hereinbefore fully described. In the weaving of This is obviated fabrics 1 and 4: it is obvious that the lastnamed mechanism should be rendered inoperative, which is effected by disconnecting the rod. 101 from the lever 3a and allowing the rod to hang loosely on the end of lever 100.

For purposes to be hereinafter described I impart to the yarn-carrier 0" a peculiar upand-down movement. This I accomplish by the following means: Pivoted to the top of rod 13 is one end of a connecting-rod 70, the other end of which is connected to a lever 700, which is pivoted to a bracket 71. 73 is a bracket secured to lever 700 and having a roller 74, which contacts with a cam 75, secured to the gear 76, which is the usual gear for operating the selector .9, as will be hereinafter described. The gear 76 is driven by gear 77, which is driven by means of connections from the crank-shaft, not herein shown, but well understood by those familiar with haircloth-looms.

As the earn 7 5 rotates it actuates the levers and 700 and the rod 13 and yarn-carrierr. The shape of the cam is such that itmoves the yarn-carrier down just after the nipper starts to pull the yarn across the loom and holds it down until after the shears have severed the yarn, immediately thereafter imparting to the yarn-carrier a quick up-and-down motion and then during the return travel of the nipper moving the yarn-carrier up to its initial position. The spring 702, secured to lever 700, accelerates these downward movements.

The purpose of the initial down movement of the yarn-carrier is to cause the yarn as it is being pulled through the shed to engage and depress the finger 87, and thus, as before described, move the notched lever 82 into its inoperative position to prevent it from being moved up to disengage the holding-pawl 60. \Vhen, however, in the weaving of the yarn section of fabric No. 1 the nipper misses the yarn, this downward movement of the yarncarrier is ineffective, and the finger 87 remains up, thereby causing the notched lever 82 to remain in its operative position, so that when it is engaged and moved up by the lever 8 T it raises the pawl 60 out of contact with the ratchet-wheel, as before described. The final sudden up-and-down movement of the yarn-carrier is for the purpose of preventing the free end of the yarn from entangling with the selector or from overlying the finger 87 (either of which conditions would otherwise tend to occur) and insure its being thrown into the approximately vertical position necessary to enable the nipper to grasp it.

The selector 8 is ofa well-known construction. It consists of the part 90, vertically movable in guides 92 and carrying the fixed jaw, and the part 91, hinged to the part and carrying the movable jaw.

97 is a shaft to which are secured the cam and the crank-disk 98.

99 is a connecting-rod between the crank disk 98 and the part 90, whereby the selector is reciprocated vertically. 93 is a lever pivoted between its ends to the bracket 94-, one end of the lever engaging the part 91 and the other end the cam 95.

When the upper end of the lever 93 is brought opposite the low point of the cam 95, the spring 96 at once moves the lever 93 so as to engage the part 91 of the selector and move it on its hinge to open the jaws. As the upper end of lever 93 rides up onto the high point of the cam the lever 93 is retracted from the part 91 of the selector, permitting it to drop to close the jaws.

The yarn-carrier consists of the plate 102, the bracket 103, provided with the outfeedeye 106, and having the upturned portion 10%, provided with the infeed-eye 105, the yarn extending from a source of supply first through eye and thence through eye 106.

\Vhen it is desired to weave fabric No. 2, no shifting of the slides 10 is necessary, as before stated, and therefore the mechanism for shifting the slide 10 is rendered inoperative, which may be done in a number of ways-- such, for instance, as the removal of the hooked lever 13 and its actuating-lever 19 or the removal of the pattern-chain and the disconnection of rod 101 from the weft-shiftcontrol lever 3a.

The mechanism for operating the nipper or shuttle w is mainly illustrated in Fig. 3 and is particularly illustrated and described in the patent, hereinbefore mentioned, issued to me April 5, 1904:, No. 756,334. Extending across the traverse of the lay .7), but not connected thereto, is aplate 110, having secured thereto the movable shuttle-boxes and 130. The nipper or shuttle n has one pair of jaws 1 11 and 142 at one end and another pair of jaws 1 13 and 14 1 at the other end. The nipper is also provided with a flange 1e15, extending laterally therefrom.

150160 arepicker-sticks. The picker-stick is pivoted on a stud 151, secured to a bracket 152, having a stud 153 turning in a bearing 154 on the loom-frame. The pickerstick is pivoted on a stud 161, which is supported similarly to stud 151. The upper part of each picker-stick extends through a slot in the lay. Each picker-stick therefore moves with the lay and also is capable of swinging crosswise of the loom on the stud 151 or 161. Vfhen the nipper is at one side of the loom-say to the extreme left, Fig. 3- the picker-stick 150 swings inwardly, engages the flange 1 15 of the nipper, and throws the nipper nearly across the loom into the shuttle-box 130. W'hen the nipper is at the other side of the loom, the picker-stick 160 swings inwardly, engages the nipper, and throws it nearly across theloom into the shuttle-box 120.

The means for actuating the picker- sticks 150 and 160 will now be described.

On the stud 151, secured to the picker-stick 150, is a drum 155, to which is secured a. strap 156, which extends partially around the pcriphery of the drum and is secured to the free end of a treadle 157. The other end of the treadle 157 is pivoted to the bracket 158 on the machine-frame. Depression of the treadle 157 through the strap 156 turns the drum 155 and swings the picker-stick 150 in the direction necessary to throw the shuttle.

To depress the treadle151, the shafty) is provided with an arm 170, having a roller 171, which as the shaft rotates engages and depresses the treadle 157. A spring 159 is secured at one end to the drum 155 and at the other end to the machine-frame, which spring acts to return the picker-stick 150 to its normal position when the arm recedes from the treadle 157.

To actuate the picker-stick 160, the drum 165, strap 166, treadle 167, and spring 169 are provided, and an arm 160, having a roller 161, is secured to the shaft 7) and engages and depresses the treadle 167. The arm is set opposite to the arm 170, so that the pickersticks will be operated alternately at each revolution of the shaft 7).

I have before stated that the nipper is not thrown by either picker-stick. entirely across the loom, but is thrown a distance less than its complete throw into one or the other of the shuttle-boxes. The remaining necessary throw of the nipper is effected by bodily moving the plate 110, to which the shuttle-boxes are secured.

To actuate the plate 110, the following means are provided: Rollers 111 and 112 are secured to the lay, one at each side of the loom, and rollers 113 and 1121 are secured to the central part of the lay. and 290 are treadles, each being pivoted at one end to the bracket 192. A belt or cord 115 is secured to the free end of treadle 190 and thence passes up and around rollers 113 and 1.11 and is secured to one end of the plate 110. A belt or cord 116 is secured to the free end of the treadle 290 and thence passes up and around rollers 114 and 112 and is secured to the other end of plate 110. The treadles 190 and 290 are caused to be alternately depressed and elevated by means of empositely-set grooved cams 191 and 201 on the shaft said cams being engaged by pins 182 and 202 on the treadlcs 190 and 290. As the treadle 190 is depressed it pulls the plate 110 from right to left, (see Fig. 3,) at the same time elevating treadle 290. As the treadle 290 is depressed it pulls the plate 110 in the opposite direction, at the same time elevating treadle 190.

The following means are provided to actuate the jaws of the nipper: The jaws 14:1 and 1&3 are fixed and the jaws 142 and 1% are 'movable, being normally closed by means of the springs 147 L19, respectively. Integral with the jaws 14:2 and 1&4- are the cams 14:6

and 148, respectively. 210 220 are jaw-opening arms adapted to be projected into the path of the cams 146 and 148, respectively, for the purpose of opening the jaws to release the pick of weft after it has been thrown. 230 250 are jawopening levers adapted to engage the cams 146 and 148, respectively, for the purpose of opening the jaws just before the nipper reaches its forward movement to enable it to clamp the pick of weft that has been selected by the selector.

The operation of the nipper is as follows: Assume it to be in the position shown in Fig. 3 and that the jaws 141 and 142 are clamping a selected pick of weft. The nipper is now thrown from left to right, as before described, from the box 120 into the box 130. The jawopcning arm 220 is now projected into the path of the cam 146, and the plate 110, with the boxes 120 and 130 and the nipper contained in the box 130, are moved to the right, causing the jaw-opening arm 210 to engage the cam 146 and open the jaw 142, thereby releasing the pick of weft, the jaw 142 immediately closing after it has overridden the arm 220. At or about the same time the aw-opening lever 250 engages the cam 148 and opens the jaw 144, the jaw 144 immediately closing after the cam 148 has overridden the lever 250 and clamping a pick of weft selected by one of the selectors s. The nipper is now thrown from right to left from the box 130 into the box 120. The jaw-opening arm 210 is then projected into the path of the cam 148, and the plate 110, with the boxes 120 and 130 and the nipper contained in the box 120, are moved to the left, causing the jaw-opening arm 210 to engage the cam 148 and open the jaw 144, thereby releasing the pick of weft. At or about the same time the jaw-opening lever 2 30 engages the cam 146 and opens the jaw 142, the jaw 142 immediately closing after the cam 146 has overridden the lever 230 and clamping a pick of weft selected by the other of the selectors To enable the levers 230 and 240 to act only when the shuttle is completing its movement, stops 231 and 241 are provided. \Vhen the nipper is returned, the cam 146 or 148 strikes thelever 230 or 240 and moves it away from the stop 231 or 241.

In order to prevent the jaw clamping the pick of weft from being operated by the first jaw- opening arm 210 or 220 that it passes during its movement across the loom, the jawopening arms are alternately retracted and advanced into operative position. This is accomplished by the following means: The jawopening arms are vertically slidable in grooves in the lay and are secured at their lower ends by means of the pins 211 and 221 engaging grooves 213 and 223 in the disks 212 and 222, said disks being secured to a shaft an. The shaft 1 is driven from the shaft P by means of a pulley 214 on the shaft P, a pulley 215 on a counter-shaft m, a belt 216, connecting pulleys 214 and 215, a pulley 217 on the counter-shaft w, a pulley 218 on the shaft 00, and a belt 219, connecting the pulleys 217 and 218.

It may be added that it is obvious that a fabric containing a solid yarn weft may be made on the loom just described by moving the troughs and yarn-carrier so as to bring the yarn-carrier into operative position (to the left, Fig. 1, to the right, Fig. 2) and removing the hair from both receptacles. In the manufacture of this fabric the selector and hair-troughs may, if desired, be entirely removed. It is also obvious that the regular horsehair fabric containing a solid weft of one color may be made on the loom by maintaining the troughs and yarn-carrier in the position shown in the drawings and supplying the troughs t t with hair.

WVhile I have indicated a number of different varieties of cloth that may be woven on the loom forming the subject of this application, I do not wish to be understood as stating that the capacity of the loom is limited to the production of the particular fabrics specified, as it may be found well adapted to the weaving of other fabrics classifiable under the generic term of haircloth. e

Many of the details of mechanism hereinbefore described are by no means essential to an embodiment of my invention and are described by me only in order that the operation of the novel features of the loom may be understood. 1 do not, therefore, limit myself to these details of construction or to any specific features? of the loom except where particularly specified in the claims.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. In a loom, in combination, a receptacle on each side of the loom adapted to contain hair, a yarn-carrier on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair or yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and mechanism adapted to bring both yarncarriers into operative position and both hairreceptacles and their corresponding selectors out of operative relation, and vice versa, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, in combination, a receptacle on each side of the loom adapted to contain hair, a yarn-carrier on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair or yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, shifting mechanism adapted to simultaneously bring both yarn-carriers into operative position and both hair-receptacles and their corresponding selectors out of operative relation, and vice versa, and pattern mechanism controlling the operation of the shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a loom, in combination, a receptacle on each side of the loom adapted to contain hair,

a yarn-carrier on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair and a pick of yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and mechanism adapted to maintain both yarn-carriers in operative position and both selectors in operative relation with their respective receptacles, substantially as described.

4:. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair selected by the selector and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and mechanism adapted to bring each selector into operative relation with either of its corresponding receptacles, substantially as described.

In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair selected by the selector and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and mechanism adapted to bring each selector into operative relation with one of its corresponding receptacles and out of operative relation with the other of its corresponding receptacles, and vice versa, substantially as described.

6. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair selected by the selector and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, shifting mechanism adapted to simultaneously bring each selector into operative relation with one of its corresponding receptacles and out of operative relation with the other of its corresponding receptacles, and, vice versa, and pattern mechanism controlling the operation of the shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

7. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles 'for hair on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair selected by the selector and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, shifting mechanism adapted to bring each selector into operative relation with one of its corresponding receptacles and out of operative relation with the other of its corresponding receptacles, and vice versa, devices adapted to be thrown into operation when the selector misses a hair, and means, controlled by said devices, to control the operation of the shifting mechanism, substantially as described.

8. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair on each side of the loom, a selector on each side of the loom, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair selected by the selector and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, shifting mechanism adaptrecess ed to bring each selector into operative relation with one of its correspondingreceptacles and out of operative relation with the other of its corresponding receptacles, and, vice versa, a weft-shilt-eontrol lever adapted to control the operation of the shifting mechanism, devices adapted to be thrown into operation when the selector misses a hair, and means, controlled by said devices, to actuate the shift-control lever, whereby the shifting mechanism is actuated, substantially as described.

9. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair, a yarn-carrier, a selector, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair or yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and shifting mechanism adapted to bring said yarn-carrier into and out of operation and said selector into operative relation with either of the receptacles, substantially as described.

10. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair, a yarn-carrier, a selector, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair or yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and shifting mechanism adapted to simultaneously bring said yarn-carrier into operative position and said selector and one of said receptacles into operative relation, and, alternately therewith, to simultaneously bring said yarn-carrier out of operative position and said selector and the other of said receptacles into operative relation, substantially as described.

11. In a loom, in combination, a pluralityof receptacles for hair, a yarn-carrier, a selector, a nipper adapted to grasp a pick of hair or yarn and pull it across the loom, means to actuate the nipper, and shifting mechanism adapted to simultaneously maintain said yarn-carrier in operative position and said selector and one of said receptacles in operative relation and said selector and the other of said receptacles out of operative relation, substantially as described.

12. In a loom, in combination, a plurality of receptacles for hair, a yarn-carrier, a slide on which said hair-receptacles and yarn-carrier are mounted, a selector, a nipper, means to actuate the nipper, and means to move said slide back and forth a distance suiliicient to carry said receptacles successively into operative relation with said selector and to carry said yarn-carrier into and out of operative relation with said nipper, substantially as described.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on this 19th day of July, 1904.

GEORGE S. COX.

Vitnesses:

M. M. HAMILTON, WILLIAM B. MARKs.

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