US80631A - peters - Google Patents

Description

vlower educ of this metallic portion is dcntated and turned inward,

Letters Patent No. 80,631, dated August 4, 1868; antedatefl J'ztly 23, 1.868.

IMPROVEMNT IN ARTESIAN PUMPS.

dige .tlgehltle nient tu tu tlgcse Enters ntcnt mit uniting pitt at tige same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: y n

Be it known that I, LEWIS JENNINGS, of Brooklyn, in thc county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and improved pump, which I term thn Artesian-Well Pump; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereot. .Y

My pump is a lifting-pump; but, for the sake of convenience, I shall, in the following description, call thc reciprocating part the plunger.

I will rst describe what I consider the best means of carrying out my invention, and will afterwards dcsignate the points which `I believe to be new therein.

The accompanyingdrawings form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section through the entire pump, it being understood that its length may be increased at pleasure, byincrensing the length of the tube and connections.

Figure 2 represents the plunger or reciprocating part, with the upper portion of the work in which it is mounted. t l

Figure 3 is n. plan view.

Figure 4 is a view of thepacking, seen from below.

Figure 5 is a top view of the fleeting-cap detached from the other parts.

' Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they occur.

A is the xed tube, which is driven down or otherwise introduced in the well, which receives the fluid either through the open'bottom, or through the holes a, represented near the lower end. t

A is an enlarged head or top, in which the fluid is received, and A2 is a side spout, through which it is delivered. 4 i

B will be understood to indicate the whole of the plunger or the reciprocating part, the several details of which are indicated :by their marks. The lower portion is threaded, as indicated by B1, adapted to ltake hold of the corresponding part Cl of thc lower box C of the pump, so as' to remove thelower box at will, in a, manner which will be obvious. l i v -Thc valve of the upperbox B is indicated hy I1.` p

The packing is indicated by D and E, and will be further described below. p

In the interior of the plunger B, abovethe valve and packing, is a long cavity, B2, which serresv as an airchamher, contained within theA pump and within the rod. In this the air is pressed by the force of the super-` Vincumbent; liuid, and the volume of the air in the vchamber B2 becomes alternately lreduced and increased, to

facilitate-the variations in the force impressed, performing the same functions, in this respect, as in theordinary air-chambers of pumps, excepting "that ordinary air-chambers are .outside of the bearings of the pump, while this air'cha'mber is within the bearing.

B3 are passages, through which the water flows freely. v

The packing presents a metallic surface to the interior of the pipe A, while there is a packing of leather,

which makes the metallic packing tight. The metallic exterior is cylindricalin its general form, :and may bel described as a cutA tube, the form` of the cut being indicated very distinctly in the side elevation, iig. 2. The

D `as indicated by d, and the whole is enclosed between collars in the fixed plunger B, as indicated in g. l. u

Within 'this' metallic packing D d. is a cup-leather, E, the lbwer edge of which is confined firmly between collars in the fixed plunger B, as represented. The pressure of the water holds this leather outward against the metallic portion, D, and prevents the leakage of the fluid, whilethe metallic enclosure protects the leather from wear. The cup-leather E 'and the enclosing metallic portion, D, arc held outward with a force depcnding on the height of the column of water which is being pumped, the waterV being allowed access to the interior'of the'cup-leather E through the holes B4.

I provide a very cheap mode of disposing of the gas, which is lfrequently troublesome in working artesian wells. M is a small pipe, fitted closely against the side of the main pipe A, and extending from a point below the lowest descent of the plunger B to a point which is above the packing, when the part B is in its highest sassi position. It bends inwards, and communicates, through holes in thev pipe A, at each cxtpemity. When the plunger is in itshighest or middle position, the pipe M is of no effect, but at the moment when the plunger B is in its very lowest position, therelis a free communication, through the pipe M, between the space below and the space above it. Through this passage the water, Cdil, or other iuid will, for a briet period, descend freely, displacing the gas, and causing it to rise past the valve b, and to escape freely. vThe form and arrangement of the parts cause the gas to rise up and supply the air-chamber B2, thus keeping it always stocked with air'or gas.

I turn the plunger B so as to induce it and the tube Ato wear perfectly round. I effect the revolution by a mechanism introduced at the top of the apparatus.

F is a lever, operated by hand or by any convenient power, which gives the proper reciprocating motion to the plunger B, through the aidof the side-pieces Il I2, which are fixed by a swivel-piece, I, and cross-piaf.

B5 is a spiral feather or projection, which extends up and down the surface'of the plunger B, and is fixed thereon. Its length somewhat exceeds the stroke oi' the part B.

G is a eeting-cap, recessed at one point, to match the feather B5, enclosing the uppervportion of the part B, as represented. It is mounted in a fixed framing in the head A3 of the fixed portion, A, of the-pump, so that it is free to risc and sink a little distance. It is prevented from sinking too low by the top flange Gl, and is prevented from rising too high by the bottom flange G2. The side of the upper flange Gl is toothed, as indicated, and the upper surface of the top pie-ce A@ is correspondingly toothed. Now, when the partB is elevatcd,the friction is suiiicient to lift the fleeting-cap G Gl Gr2 to its fullest extent, which liftsthe teeth of the ieeting-cap outl of the teeth of the top piece A3, and leaves-the iiecting-cap free to revolve, which it docs by the action of a spiral feather, B5, before described. This feather, sliding through the 'corresponding notch in the ileeting-cap, turns the cap so that it performs some fraction of a revolution at each ascent. Se soon as the plunger B and its connections commence to descend, the motion brings the fleeting-cap down, so that its teeth lock with the teeth .of the top piece A3, and it is now prevented from turning, while the action ofthe spiral feather B5, being unable to effect the turning of the ileeting-cap, is compelled to turn the entire plunger B. A swivel-joint is provided at the top, so that the plunger B may turn independently of the side pieces; a construction which will be readily understood by mechanics A' My air-chamber, arranged within the plunger B, nearthe bottom of the well, is close to the point w-lIerc the pumping is effected, and may be made as capacious as desired by extending its vertical dimensions.

My arrangement of the parts and passages for catching the gas in the air-chamber'provides against-the ywell-known diiiicultics accruing in the gradual absorption of air or gas by water or other liquids under pressure.

My packing is more desirable than ordinary packing, is tight, and is pressed outward with more force, when it is'required to be tightened, during the lifting-action, lbecause pressure on its -interior is increased by the inertia of the column of water to be lifted.

My fleeting-cap G and its connections, by turning the entire plunger at every stroke, insurea very uniform wear and a tight fit of the parts, with little friction; and my vent, M, is a very cheap and eicient mode of providing for the descent of water or other liquids, passing to'either box, to displace the gas. I am aware that expensive and complicated constructions have been proposed with this view, and I attach importance mainly to the facility and economy with which my own can be constructed and applied. y

I esteem it important to form the hard portion, D, of my packing with one or more horizontal steps or offsets, d', as shown, so that the edges will fit tightly at those points at all times, however the packing may open and vclose atether points. i

Bymaking the internal flange d, at'the base ofthe packing D, in separate tents or teeth, as represented, I insure an ellicient hold on the body of the box, to prevent the packing from'becoming displaced vertically, while the lateral stiffness of the packing is not materially increased. p f

Without the hard 'exterior D, my packing would not serve, because ordinary soft packing would be c utin pieces in passing across the hole where the top of the pipe M connects, and without the several features of the details, or some equivalent, the 'combination of hard-and soft packing, as arranged, would involve many didiculties. l i v It willvbe observed that my ieeting-cap GGl G2, and the spirally-ribbcd plunger B B5, operating'as described, with the toothed cap or fleeting-cap A3, have the effect to turn the plunger-rod, at cach reciprocation, in the direction required to keep the sections of the plunger tightly screwed together, as well as to continually change the position of the `joints, &e., and thus induce a uniform wear of the pump.

`l-Iavin'g new fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, in pumps adapted for .deep wells, is as follows: g l' 1. I claim the within-described construction and arrangement of the-packing D d E, thc same being composed of the soft and water-.retaining cup-leather E, and the hard and expansible exterior, D, the latter being in the form of a ring or hollow cylinder, open' on one side, with one or more oifsets, cZ, at the joint, all these several parts being constructed and arranged, relatively to each other and to the box B and barrel A, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. I claim the partial spiral or incline B5, and corresponding ratchet-ring Gl G2, arranged as represented, the ring Gl G2 being allowed to traverse axially within the yoke or enclosing-ring A3, and to lool. itself in new relations thereon as the bucket B descends, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, LEWIS JENNINGS.

Witnesses: y

RIen'D S. DnMrLr, JAMES E. DEMILT.

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