US8355689B2 - Independent field device for automation purposes with intrinsic safety barrier - Google Patents

Independent field device for automation purposes with intrinsic safety barrier Download PDF

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Publication number
US8355689B2
US8355689B2 US12/451,978 US45197809A US8355689B2 US 8355689 B2 US8355689 B2 US 8355689B2 US 45197809 A US45197809 A US 45197809A US 8355689 B2 US8355689 B2 US 8355689B2
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Prior art keywords
field device
radio
energy supply
supply unit
adapter
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US12/451,978
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US20100244806A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Probst
Marc Fiedler
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Endress and Hauser Process Solutions AG
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Endress and Hauser Process Solutions AG
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Assigned to ENDRESS + HAUSER PROESS SOLUTIONS AG reassignment ENDRESS + HAUSER PROESS SOLUTIONS AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIEDLER, MARC, PROBST, STEFAN
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B9/00—Safety arrangements
    • G05B9/02—Safety arrangements electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25462—Galvanic separation, galvanic isolation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an autarkic field device or an autarkic radio adapter for a field device of automation technology, which is fed with limited energy via an energy supply unit associated, or associable, with the field device or radio adapter.
  • field devices are often applied, which serve to register and/or influence process variables.
  • sensors serve as, for example, fill level measuring devices, flow measuring devices, pressure and temperature measuring devices, pH-redox potential measuring devices, conductivity measuring devices, etc., which register the corresponding process variables, fill level, flow, pressure, temperature, pH-value, or conductivity.
  • actuators such as, for example, valves or pumps, via which the flow of a liquid in a pipeline section, or the fill level in a container can be changed.
  • all devices which are applied near to the process and which deliver or process the process relevant information, are referred to as field devices.
  • field devices are any units, which are directly connected to a fieldbus and which serve for communication with superordinated units, e.g. as remote I/Os, gateways, linking devices, and wireless adapters.
  • superordinated units e.g. as remote I/Os, gateways, linking devices, and wireless adapters.
  • a multiplicity of such field devices are produced and sold by the Endress+Hauser group.
  • field devices are, as a rule, connected with superordinated units via bus systems (Profibus®, Foundation® Fieldbus, HART®, etc.).
  • superordinated units involve control systems or control units, such as, for example, a PLC (programmable logic controller).
  • the superordinated units serve, among other things, for process control, process visualization, process monitoring as well as start-up of the field devices.
  • the measured values registered by the field devices, especially sensors are transmitted via the connected bus system to one or, in given cases, also to a number of superordinated units.
  • a data transmission from the superordinated unit via the bus system to the field devices is also required; such data transmission serves especially for configuring and parametering field devices or for diagnostic purposes.
  • the field device is serviced from the superordinated unit via the bus system.
  • radio network for sensors are specified in the standard IEEE 802.15.4 in greater detail.
  • newer field devices especially sensors and actuators, are, in part, embodied as radio field devices.
  • the radio unit and the electrical current source can be provided in the field device itself or in a radio module durably connected to the field device. Through the electrical current source, an autarkic energy supply is enabled in the field device.
  • a corresponding wireless adapter is described, for example, in the publication WO 2005/103851 A1.
  • the wireless adapter as a rule, is releasably connected to a fieldbus communication interface of the field device. Via the fieldbus communication interface, the field device can transmit the data to be transferred via the bus system to the wireless adapter, which then transmits these via radio to the target location.
  • the wireless adapter can receive data via radio and forward it via the fieldbus communication interface on the field device. Supplying the field device with electrical power occurs then, as a rule, via an energy supply unit of the wireless adapter.
  • the communication is conducted as a rule via the wireless interface of the radio field device or the wireless adapter.
  • radio field devices or wireless adapters have, as a rule, a hardwired communication interface.
  • radio field devices must also have a hardwired communication interface, in addition to a wireless interface.
  • a service unit such as, for example, a handheld communicator connected to the hardwired communication interface.
  • the hardwired communication interface can be embodied as a fieldbus communication interface, so that the communication is conducted there across according to a bus system, such as, for example, according to one of the standardized bus systems, Profibus®, Foundation® Fieldbus or HART®.
  • a bus system such as, for example, according to one of the standardized bus systems, Profibus®, Foundation® Fieldbus or HART®.
  • the radio field device or the wireless adapter can also be connected to a corresponding hardwired fieldbus.
  • the energy supply unit or the electrical current source of a wireless adapter or a radio field device is, for example, a disposable battery provided in the wireless adapter or the radio field device, a fuel cell, a solar energy supply, and/or a rechargeable battery.
  • a known solution for the above-mentioned problem provides a barrier of diodes connected in series. For example, through a series circuit of three diodes, the explosion protection type ex-ia can be implemented.
  • the disadvantage of the known solution is to be seen in the fact that the voltage drop across the diodes leads to a relatively high power loss, which reflects negatively on the lifetime of the energy supply unit, especially the battery. The voltage drop becomes greater with increasing electrical current flowing from the battery.
  • an object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which minimizes the voltage drop and therewith the lost power for field devices, which have a limited energy supply available.
  • the object is achieved by the feature that, between the energy supply unit and an internal voltage source, whose voltage exceeds, or, at times, can exceed, the voltage of the energy supply unit, there is arranged a barrier of at least one diode group having at least two diodes connected in parallel for blocking flow of electrical current from the internal voltage source to the energy supply unit, or to the connection terminals of the field device or of the radio adapter for the energy supply unit.
  • a barrier of at least one diode group having at least two diodes connected in parallel for blocking flow of electrical current from the internal voltage source to the energy supply unit, or to the connection terminals of the field device or of the radio adapter for the energy supply unit.
  • a radio module is associated with the field device or the radio adapter and that the field device communicates via the radio module and a radio network with a superordinated control unit. Furthermore, it is provided, in this relationship, that the radio module is integrated in the radio adapter or in a wireless adapter, which is connected with the field device via a first interface provided on the field device and a second interface provided on the radio adapter, together with corresponding connecting lines. Further details for this are presented below.
  • the field device does not have its own energy supply, but instead is fed externally via the radio adapter.
  • the energy supply unit is integrated in the radio adapter, and the data exchange and the energy supply occur between the energy supply unit and the radio adapter via the same two connecting lines. Further details for this are presented below.
  • the energy supply unit is preferably integrated directly in the field device. Further details for this are presented below.
  • An especially advantageous embodiment of the field device of the invention, or the radio adapter of the invention provides that the barrier is composed of three diode pairs connected in series, wherein the diodes of a diode pair are connected in parallel.
  • the explosion protection type ex-ia can be implemented. This explosion protection type calls for a triple redundance of the diodes, which means that in the case of the failure of two diodes, correct functioning of the circuit is always still assured.
  • the diodes are Schottky diodes.
  • An example of the Schottky diodes are type MBR0520.
  • Schottky diodes have the advantage, compared to other diodes, that the voltage drop is relatively small through them and that they have a relatively fast reaction time.
  • the diodes in the diode pairs, or the diode groups are so embodied, that in the case of a disconnection of the energy supply unit from the field device or the radio adapter, a maximum 40 ⁇ J or 40 ⁇ VAs reach the connection terminals of the field device, or the connection terminals of the radio adapter, especially the connection terminals of the associated energy supply unit.
  • energy supply unit in connection with the invention, is a disposable battery.
  • a fuel cell, a solar energy supply, or a rechargeable battery can also be used.
  • the communication between the field device or the radio adapter and the superordinated control unit can also occur based on one of the communication protocols customary in automation technology.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a radio network having a plurality of field devices
  • FIG. 2 a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the wireless adapter of the invention
  • FIG. 3 a schematic representation of the apparatus of the invention
  • FIG. 4 a barrier of three diode groups connected in series, wherein each diode group is composed of n diodes connected in parallel;
  • FIG. 5 a barrier of three diode groups connected in series, wherein each diode group is composed of two diodes connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a radio network having a plurality of field devices 1 , each embodied as a radio field device, and a gateway G.
  • the field devices 1 are connected among one another and with the gateway G, in each case, by radio connections RC, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed lines. Because the field devices 1 and the gateway G are, in each case, connected via a number of radio connections RC, in the case of a failure of one of the radio connections RC, the communication can be maintained via one of the other radio connections RC.
  • Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS
  • DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
  • the gateway G can also be a long distance transmission unit, e.g. the product “Fieldgate” of the firm, Endress+Hauser.
  • the gateway G can communicate worldwide, for example via Internet, GSM or public switched telephone network, with a superordinated unit.
  • a (not illustrated) superordinated unit and/or a (not illustrated) servicing device can also communicate directly via a corresponding radio connection with the illustrated radio network.
  • FIG. 2 presents a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the wireless adapter of the invention 2 .
  • a conventionally embodied field device 1 is connected via a connecting line 14 with the wireless adapter 2 .
  • the field device 1 becomes a radio field device, and can be, for example, one of the field devices 1 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the field device 1 is composed of a measured value transducer, or sensor, 15 and a measurement transmitter 16 .
  • the field device 1 can be designed for determining and/or influencing any number of process variables.
  • the radio adapter 2 Arranged in the radio adapter 2 , preferably on a circuit board, are various components. Via an interface 12 and the connecting lines 14 , the radio adapter 2 is connected with the measurement transmitter 16 . Connected with the interface 12 is an component group 4 for voltage conversion and a communication module 8 , or a communication interface 8 , as the case may be. In the sense of the invention, the component group for voltage conversion is an internal voltage source 4 . The component group 4 for voltage conversion is connected with the communication module 8 and the microprocessor 9 .
  • the field device 1 and the wireless adapter 2 are connected together for communication.
  • the hardwired communication interface 7 a , 7 b such involves, preferably, a HART® communication interface.
  • a functional unit Associated with the communication interface 7 a , 7 b is a functional unit, which performs the sending and/or receiving of digital signals (e.g. corresponding to the HART® standard) via the communication interface 7 a .
  • the field device 1 can also be connected to a hardwired fieldbus system, which uses conventional automation technology, e.g. a HART® fieldbus system.
  • the field device 1 includes, likewise not shown, a microprocessor and a data memory, in which, among other things, parameters of the field device 1 are stored. Accessing of the data memory occurs via the microprocessor.
  • a display and service unit for servicing the field device 1 on-site, provided on the field device 1 is usually, likewise not separately shown, a display and service unit, which is in communication connection with the microprocessor.
  • the wireless adapter 4 includes, as already mentioned, a control unit in the form of a microprocessor 9 .
  • the microprocessor 9 is connected with a radio unit 10 , which has a RF-chipset, and an antenna 11 .
  • the radio unit 10 is, in such case, embodied in such a manner, that the wireless communication occurs according to a conventional automation technology standard, preferably according to the HART®standard.
  • the microprocessor 9 is additionally connected with, not separately illustrated, a data memory, in which, among other things, parameters of the wireless adapter 2 are stored.
  • the wireless adapter 2 includes a hardwired communication interface 7 b , with which in turn, there is associated a functional unit, which performs the sending and/or receiving of digital signals via the communication interface 7 b.
  • the communication interfaces 7 a of the field device 1 and the communication interface 7 b of the wireless adapter 2 are connected with one another via a 2-conductor connecting line 14 . Via this connection, both the communication between the field device 1 and the wireless adapter 2 occurs, as well as also the electrical current supply of the field device 1 by the wireless adapter 2 .
  • the wireless adapter 2 is associated with an energy supply unit 3 .
  • the energy supply unit 3 is able to supply the field device 1 , or the radio adapter 2 and the field device 1 , with limited energy.
  • the energy supply unit 3 is e.g. a disposable battery, a rechargeable battery, a solar panel, or a fuel cell.
  • the illustrated field device 1 or the illustrated radio adapter 2 involved, thus, are energy autarkic units.
  • FIG. 2 presents the case in which the radio module 10 is integrated in a radio adapter 2 .
  • the field device 1 can be retrofitted into a radio field device.
  • the radio module 10 can also be integrated directly into the field device 1 .
  • At least one barrier 5 a , 5 b is provided, which blocks a flow of electrical current from the internal voltage source 4 back to the energy supply unit 3 , or to the connection terminals 7 a of the field device 1 , or to the connection terminals 7 b of the radio adapter 2 for the energy supply unit 3 .
  • a barrier 5 a is arranged between the component group 4 for voltage conversion and the energy supply unit 3 .
  • Another barrier 5 b is provided between the interface 12 and the measurement transmitter 16 .
  • the barriers 5 a , 5 b are composed of three diode groups connected in series and having, in each case, two diodes 6 connected in parallel.
  • the parallel connection of two equal diodes 6 the voltage drop across the diodes 6 is approximately equal, and the applied electrical current on the parallel diodes divides itself at least almost equally. In this way, a smaller power loss can be achieved, which results in an increased lifetime of the battery, or energy supply unit, 3 .
  • the explosion protection type ex-ia can, in turn, be implemented.
  • the diodes are preferably Schottky diodes. Schottky diodes distinguish themselves by a relatively low voltage drop of 0.2-0.5V per diode at relatively fast switching times.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the autarkic field device of the invention or the autarkic radio adapter of the invention.
  • the component group 4 which is not permitted to have any reaction on the energy supply unit 3 , involves, for example, the main circuit board of the radio adapter 2 .
  • the barrier 5 a is provided, which is embodied as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the barrier 5 b is connected between them.
  • FIG. 4 presents an alternatively embodied barrier, composed of three diode groups connected in series, wherein each diode group includes n diodes 6 connected in parallel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
US12/451,978 2008-08-06 2009-08-03 Independent field device for automation purposes with intrinsic safety barrier Expired - Fee Related US8355689B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008036554 2008-08-06
DE200810036554 DE102008036554A1 (de) 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Autarkes Feldgerät oder autarker Funkadapter für ein Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik
DE102008036554.8 2008-08-06
PCT/EP2009/060030 WO2010015600A1 (fr) 2008-08-06 2009-08-03 Appareil de terrain autonome ou adaptateur radio autonome pour un appareil de terrain de la technologie d'automatisation

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/060030 A-371-Of-International WO2010015600A1 (fr) 2008-08-06 2009-08-03 Appareil de terrain autonome ou adaptateur radio autonome pour un appareil de terrain de la technologie d'automatisation

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/613,656 Continuation US8847429B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2012-09-13 Independent field device for automation purposes with intrinsic safety barrier

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US20100244806A1 US20100244806A1 (en) 2010-09-30
US8355689B2 true US8355689B2 (en) 2013-01-15

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US (2) US8355689B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2307931B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102119368B (fr)
CA (1) CA2733164C (fr)
DE (1) DE102008036554A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010015600A1 (fr)

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US9151598B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2015-10-06 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Position measuring device

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DE102010040866A1 (de) * 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Feldgerät zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung einer chemischen oder physikalischen Prozessgröße in der Automatisierungstechnik
DE102010063777A1 (de) 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Endress + Hauser Process Solutions Ag Transportsicherung für eine Batterieeinheit
DE102010063783A1 (de) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Endress + Hauser Process Solutions Ag Feldgerät mit einer Batterieeinheit
US8892034B2 (en) * 2012-06-26 2014-11-18 Rosemount Inc. Modular terminal assembly for wireless transmitters
DE102012111018A1 (de) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Systemplan GmbH Mehrkanaliges Messdatenerfassungsgerät
US9680261B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2017-06-13 Honewell International Inc. Intrinsic safe in-line adaptor with integrated capacitive barrier for connecting a wireless module with antenna
EP3333655B1 (fr) * 2016-12-07 2018-12-05 Sick Ag Automate programmable industriel
DE102018124902A1 (de) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-09 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Feldgeräteadapter zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung
DE102018131685A1 (de) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Feldgeräteadapter zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Publication number Publication date
US20130062947A1 (en) 2013-03-14
WO2010015600A1 (fr) 2010-02-11
CN102119368B (zh) 2014-05-07
EP2307931B1 (fr) 2016-06-08
CA2733164A1 (fr) 2010-02-11
CA2733164C (fr) 2015-11-24
US20100244806A1 (en) 2010-09-30
CN102119368A (zh) 2011-07-06
US8847429B2 (en) 2014-09-30
EP2307931A1 (fr) 2011-04-13
DE102008036554A1 (de) 2010-02-11

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