US8469093B2 - Apparatus and method for autofill equipment activation - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for autofill equipment activation Download PDF

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Publication number
US8469093B2
US8469093B2 US12/846,927 US84692710A US8469093B2 US 8469093 B2 US8469093 B2 US 8469093B2 US 84692710 A US84692710 A US 84692710A US 8469093 B2 US8469093 B2 US 8469093B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
plug
activation device
autofill
tubular string
wellbore
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US12/846,927
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English (en)
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US20120024546A1 (en
Inventor
Joel Rondeau
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Schlumberger Technology Corp
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Schlumberger Technology Corp
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Assigned to SCHLUMBERGER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION reassignment SCHLUMBERGER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RONDEAU, JOEL
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
    • E21B33/16—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes using plugs for isolating cement charge; Plugs therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
    • E21B27/02—Dump bailers, i.e. containers for depositing substances, e.g. cement or acids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools

Definitions

  • the present invention is related in general to equipment for servicing subterranean wells. Particularly, the invention relates to a cementing plug that is equipped to activate autofill float equipment.
  • float equipment During a cementing operation, the primary purpose of float equipment is to allow operators to pump cement slurries into the well that are heavier than the drilling fluid. After cement-slurry placement, check valves prevent the slurry from flowing from the annulus back inside the casing or liner string—a phenomenon often called “U-tubing.”
  • float equipment may be float shoes or float collars
  • Autofill float equipment contains check valves similar to those employed in conventional float shoes and collars. However, the check valves are modified to remain in the open position to allow filling or even reverse circulating.
  • the tubular string fills continuously as it is run downhole, saving rig time and reducing the pressure surges associated with conventional float equipment.
  • Autofill equipment must be activated, or converted, to begin functioning as a one-direction check or float valve. Conversion is generally performed after the tubular string is in place; however, it can also occur while running the tubular string to prevent overflow or to control the well.
  • a thorough summary of conventional and autofill float equipment is presented in the following reference: Leugemors E, Metson J, Pessin J-L, Colvard R L, Krauss C D and Plante M: “Cementing Equipment and Casing Hardware,” in Nelson E B and Guillot D (eds.): Well Cementing— 2 nd Edition, Houston: Schlumberger (2006): 343-434.
  • Step A shows an autofill float collar 1 mounted at the bottom of a tubular string 2 .
  • the flow direction of wellbore-service fluid e.g., drilling fluid
  • Step B the wellbore-fluid circulation direction is reversed 4 so that fluid travels down the tubular string, through the float collar and up the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall.
  • a ball 5 has been launched inside the tubular string, and is traveling down toward the autofill float collar.
  • Step C shows that the ball has entered the autofill float collar and become seated in an orifice tube 6 .
  • Step D continued pumping of wellbore service fluid increases the pressure above the ball, causing shear pins 7 to rupture and release the orifice tube.
  • Ejection of the orifice tube exposes one-way flapper valves 8 and 9 , allowing activation of the float collar. The flapper valves close, thereafter allowing downward fluid flow but preventing fluid flow in the upward direction.
  • Step E depicts the autofill float collar after activation is complete.
  • the prior art method described in the preceding paragraph is generally reliable when applied in near vertical wells, usually up to about 30° deviation. At higher deviations, up to and including horizontal wells, the rate at which the ball travels to the float collar may not be sufficiently high, or the ball may become stuck and never reach the float collar. Failure to activate the autofill collar would allow annular fluids to reenter the tubular string.
  • the present invention allows such improvements.
  • embodiments relate to a bottom cementing plug equipped to activate autofill float equipment.
  • the plug contains an interior fluid-flow passage.
  • An activation device is secured inside the flow passage, and is supported by a breakable fixing means that ruptures when fluid flow commences inside the interior passage.
  • a pressure sensitive membrane is located at the top of the plug that isolates the interior passage during plug placement as the plug travels down a tubular string toward the autofill float collar.
  • Suitable activation devices include, but are not limited to, balls, darts, canisters and bombs.
  • the activation devices may also contain chemical substances that, upon exiting the bottom cementing plug, are released into the well.
  • various embodiments aim at a method for activating autofill float equipment.
  • the bottom cementing plug as described is launched into the tubular body and begins traveling down the tubular string toward the autofill float collar.
  • the breakable membrane at the top of the plug isolates the interior-flow passage and protects the activation device located therein from exposure to fluid flow.
  • continued pumping increases the differential pressure across the membrane, and the membrane ruptures.
  • Wellbore-service fluid enters the interior-flow passage, and flow ruptures the fixing means supporting the activation device.
  • the activation device then exits from the bottom of the cementing plug, enters the autofill float collar and becomes lodged in the orifice tube.
  • the method may further comprise the use of activation devices that contain a chemical substance.
  • the chemical substance is released into the well after exiting the bottom cementing plug.
  • embodiments aim at a method for cementing a subterranean well.
  • Drilling fluid is circulated through the tubular body equipped with a float collar, passes through the float collar, exits the tubular string and continues to travel through the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall.
  • the bottom cementing plug described is launched into the tubular body and begins traveling down the tubular string toward the float collar.
  • the cementing plug is then followed by a cement slurry.
  • the cement slurry may be preceded behind the cementing plug by a spacer fluid, chemical wash or both.
  • the breakable membrane at the top of the plug isolates the interior-flow passage and protects the activation device located therein from exposure to fluid flow.
  • the fluid comprising a cement slurry exits the float collar and the tubular string, and continues into the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall. Once pumping stops, the activated float collar prevents the cement slurry from flowing back into the tubular string.
  • the method may further comprise the use of activation devices that contain a chemical substance.
  • the chemical substance is released into the well after exiting the bottom cementing plug.
  • the apparatus and methods described above are particularly useful in deviated wells, generally at deviations above about 30° up to and including horizontal wells.
  • the operator knows the location of the activation device at all times, thus improving activation of the autofill float collar at the correct moment.
  • the apparatus and methods described above may also allow operators to measure the exact internal volume of the tubular string. Knowing the pump efficiency and recording the wellbore-service volume pumped between the time at which the bottom plug is launched, and the time at which the bottom plug lands on the autofill float equipment, it is possible to calculate the exact internal volume of the tubular string. Landing of the bottom plug on the autofill float equipment will be indicated by a pressure surge arising from rupture of the membrane on the bottom plug and breakage of shear pins in the float equipment. Knowledge of the exact internal volume gives the operator the ability to more accurately displace subsequent plugs, ensuring their timely arrival at the correct location.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a typical prior-art method for activating autofill float equipment, involving a free flowing activation ball.
  • FIG. 2 depicts the inventive method for activating autofill float equipment, involving a cementing bottom plug that contains an activation ball.
  • Autofill float equipment is commonly employed to prevent such occurrences.
  • Autofill float shoes or collars installed at the lower end of a tubular string, allow wellbore-service fluids to flow freely inside the tubular string, in either direction, as the tubular string is lowered into the well.
  • the autofill float equipment is activated—that is, converted from a two-direction flow system to a one-direction flow system. Fluid is allowed to exit the tubular string and enter the annulus, but cannot flow backward.
  • the activation device is usually a weighted ball that travels through the tubular string towards the autofill float equipment. The ball enters the float equipment, becomes lodged therein and causes the activation of check valves.
  • Other activation devices that can be used in this context include, but are not limited to, darts, canisters and bombs. The activation devices may also contain chemical substances that, upon exiting the bottom cementing plug, are released into the well.
  • the inventor is disclosing a new apparatus for conveying the activation device to the autofill float equipment, a method by which the new apparatus is employed to effect the activation of autofill float equipment and a method by which the new apparatus is employed during a primary cementing treatment.
  • embodiments relate to a bottom cementing plug equipped to activate autofill float equipment.
  • the plug contains an interior fluid-flow passage.
  • An activation device is secured inside the flow passage, and is supported by a breakable fixing means that ruptures when fluid-flow commences inside the interior passage.
  • a pressure sensitive membrane is located at the top of the plug that isolates the interior passage during plug placement as the plug travels down a tubular string toward the autofill float collar.
  • Step A shows an autofill float collar 1 mounted at the bottom of a tubular string 2 .
  • the flow direction of wellbore-service fluid e.g., drilling fluid
  • Step B the wellbore-fluid circulation direction is reversed 4 so that fluid travels down the tubular string, through the float collar and up the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall.
  • the new bottom cementing plug 10 has been launched inside the tubular string, and is traveling down toward the autofill float collar.
  • the interior of the plug contains a flow passage 11 and a ball 12 seated in a breakable cup 13 .
  • a breakable membrane 14 at the top of the plug separates the flow passage from the wellbore-service fluid inside the tubular string.
  • Step C shows that the plug has landed on the autofill float collar.
  • Step D continued pumping causes the ball to become seated in an orifice tube 6 .
  • Step E continued pumping of wellbore service fluid increases the pressure above the ball, causing shear pins 7 to rupture and release the orifice tube. Ejection of the orifice tube exposes one-way flapper valves 8 and 9 , allowing activation of the float collar. The flapper valves close, thereafter allowing fluid flow toward the annulus but preventing fluid flow in the opposite direction.
  • Step F depicts the autofill float collar after activation is complete.
  • the method described may further comprise the use of activation devices that contain a chemical substance.
  • the chemical substance is released into the well after exiting the bottom cementing plug.
  • embodiments aim at methods for cementing a subterranean well.
  • Drilling fluid is circulated through the tubular body equipped with a float collar, passes through the float collar, exits the tubular string and continues to travel through the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall.
  • the bottom cementing plug is launched into the tubular body and begins traveling down the tubular string toward the float collar.
  • the cementing plug is then followed by a cement slurry.
  • the cement slurry may be preceded behind the cementing plug by a spacer fluid, chemical wash or both.
  • the breakable membrane at the top of the plug isolates the interior-flow passage and protects the activation device located therein from exposure to fluid flow.
  • the fluid comprising a cement slurry exits the float collar and the tubular string, and continues into the annulus between the tubular string and the wellbore wall. Once pumping stops, the activated float collar prevents the cement slurry from flowing back into the tubular string.
  • the method described may further comprise the use of activation devices that contain a chemical substance.
  • the chemical substance is released into the well after exiting the bottom cementing plug.
  • the apparatus and methods described above are particularly useful in deviated wells, generally at deviations above about 30° up to and including horizontal wells.
  • the operator knows the location of the activation device at all times, thus improving activation of the autofill float collar at the correct moment.
  • the apparatus and methods described above may also allow operators to measure the exact internal volume of the tubular string. Knowing the pump efficiency and recording the wellbore-service volume pumped between the time at which the bottom plug is launched, and the time at which the bottom plug lands on the autofill float equipment, it is possible to calculate the exact internal volume of the tubular string. Landing of the bottom plug on the autofill float equipment will be indicated by a pressure surge arising from rupture of the membrane on the bottom plug and breakage of shear pins in the float equipment. Knowledge of the exact internal volume gives the operator the ability to more accurately displace subsequent plugs, ensuring their timely arrival at the correct location.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
US12/846,927 2009-08-19 2010-07-30 Apparatus and method for autofill equipment activation Expired - Fee Related US8469093B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP09290634A EP2290192A1 (de) 2009-08-19 2009-08-19 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aktivierung der selbstfüllenden Geräte
EP09290634 2010-07-30
EP09290634.6 2010-07-30

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Cited By (2)

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US10208567B2 (en) 2016-10-24 2019-02-19 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Valve assembly for wellbore equipment
US12247460B2 (en) 2022-12-02 2025-03-11 Forum Us, Inc. Float valve assembly

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AU2006261581B2 (en) * 2005-06-20 2012-03-15 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Cross linking treatment of polymer membranes
CN104179473B (zh) * 2013-05-28 2016-09-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 防落物浮箍
JP6138596B2 (ja) * 2013-06-05 2017-05-31 富士フイルム株式会社 超音波診断装置、超音波診断装置の作動方法およびプログラム
NO20171758A1 (en) 2017-10-25 2019-01-14 Sbs Tech As Well tool device with a breakable ballseat
MX2023002410A (es) 2020-10-27 2023-03-22 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Valvulas duales para operaciones de cementacion inversa.
US11905791B2 (en) * 2021-08-18 2024-02-20 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Float valve for drilling and workover operations

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Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10208567B2 (en) 2016-10-24 2019-02-19 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Valve assembly for wellbore equipment
US12247460B2 (en) 2022-12-02 2025-03-11 Forum Us, Inc. Float valve assembly

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US20120024546A1 (en) 2012-02-02

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