US90620A - Charles v - Google Patents

Description

, of the pieces to be rotated by the lathe.

lutnl @Stairs man @Ww CHARLES V. W'OERD, OF WAL'lHAh/I, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN -WA'ICH COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Leners Patat No. 90,620, dated May 25, 1869.

` LATI-IE FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING PIVOTS OF WATCH-WORK.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the lame.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, CHARLES Y. XVoEnD, of Waltham, in the county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented Improvements in Lathes for Grinding and Polishing Pivots, Staffs, and other Watch-form and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings, which accompany and form part o' this specification, is a description of my invention, sufficient to enable those skilled in the art Vto practise it.

The machine upon which my improvements are based, is essentially a lathe, adapted either to chucking-work, or to mounting it upon centres, provided with a rotating polishing-wheel, to be lsupplied with ne abrasive powder, said wheel boing so arranged, "that by changes in its position, it can be brought to operate upon the rotating body, to be ground to any required size, or to be polished, and can also be brought against revolving laps or grinders, by which its actingsurfaces and angles are kept perfectly true, so as to produce correct results in grinding and polishing.

Figure l, of the drawings, represents, in front elevation, a machine embodying my invention,

Figure 2 showing the same in plan.

On a common bed-piece, u, are arranged stands, b c d, the stand b sustaining a lathe-bed, c, the stands c and d, respectively, supporting bearings, in which rotate the arbors ot" the grinding lap-wheels f and y.

The lathe-bed isprovided with a head-stock, it, having a rotating arbor, i, turned bya belt operating on the pulley j, one end of the arbor being adapted to receive centres or chucks, according to the requirements This headstock is of peculiar construction, constituting one part of my invention.

In lugs 7.', integral with or fixed to the head-stock 7i., are formed bearings, to receive the shaft Z, the axis of which is parallel with the axis ofthe arbor i.

On one end oi'shaft l is fixed an arm, m, as shown,

which bears the still or dead-centre of the lathe, the other end of shaft l having iixed thereon an arm, n, which fits upon a guide-pin, o, secured in the head- Stock parallel with the axis ot' its arbor i, so that by sliding the shaft l in its bearings, the Vstill cent-re can be brought near to or can he removed from the revolving centre placed in the end of the arbor, and thus pieces of any length, adapted to the structure of the lathe, can be pivoted on the lathe-centres, the setscrew p', operating on shaft i', serving to lix and hold the centres at the requisite distance apart.

For chucking-work, I remove the head-stock l1, and replace it with another head-stock, similar, except that it is provided, at the end of arbor i', with the usual provisions for receiving chucks, and is without the dead-centre bearing-attachment.

This construction and arrangement is lighter, more compact, cheaper, and more accurate than is the comtail-stock piece, which is now used, and it enables me to make rise ofthe space on the lathe-bed, usually 0ccupied by a tail-stock, for the attachment of the stand p, on which my rotating, polishing, or grinding-wheel q'is mounted.

A swinging frame, r, is pivoted at one end to the stand l), the arbor s, ofthe polishing-wheel q, being mounted in bearings formed in the other end of the frame' r, there being on the arbor. a belt-pulley, t, by which rapid rotation is given the polisher q.

This polisher is made as the frnstum of a cone, and of soft steel, and its operating-times are ground perfectly true by being brought into contact, as often as may be required, with-the rotating grinding-wheels, or laps fand g.

Those who are acquainted with the extreme minuteness of. many of the pivots of a train of watch-gearing, will appreciate the absolute necessity for mathematical exactnoss in form and movement of polishingwhcels which are brought to bear upon them, to imthem the high degree of smoothness and finish needed to make them run properly in fine watch-movements.

The wheel q is fixed to its arbor, and, being ground thereon, will rotate with exactness so long as thearbor fits in its bearings. It is not found practical to remove the wheel from its arbor, or the arbor from its bearing, to grind the wheel,- and then to replace it on them, and then have the wheel rotate with the exactness requisite.

Besides, it is necessary frequently to retoueh or regrind the polishing-wheel q, so as to preserve the accuracy and sharpness of the angle made at the juncor worn very quickly in its use.

The drawings show, with accuracy and clearness, the manner oi mounting and rotating the grindinglaps, so that it is unnecessary to burden this specification with a description of so simple a mechanism.

, The laps themselves may be made Vof any suitable abrasive material, or compound.

Their form is that ofshort cylinders, a'ixed to heads or disks, by which they are secured on their arbors, the operative-faces of the laps vbeing the ring-ends oi the cylinders, which revolve in planes.

The lap gcan be adjusted by eudwise-movement of its shaft, so as to come into contact with and grind the cylindrical surface of the plisher q, as it Wears away.

I The lap f, which grinds the face of the polisher to aA plane, may have a similar provision, though not ab soltely necessary, as the arbor of the-polishing-Wheel mon arrangement of the dead-centre in a separate" part to them the exact sizes required, and to give to tion of its two operative-faces, as the angle gets dulled in the lathe, to be ground and polished thereby.

When sta's, and other parts of watches, or similar small Work, requirev to be ground, orfpolishcd on a taper, then the periphery of the wheel q must be ground to correspond to the taper to be produced. This is effected by so arranging the head which has the bearings'for the arbor of the lap g, that theaxis of said arbor may be set to' any desired angle with reference to the arbor s of lthe polishing-wheel. To effect this, the top of the support d is extended into a large plane surface, a, to which the head t', which forms the bearings for the arbol1` of the lap y, is pivoted at a point under the grinding-face of the'lap, and in a vertical plane passing through the axis of said arbor. `YVhen the head e is moved upon its pivot to the place requisite to give the proper angle or taper to the periphery of the Wheel q, it is clamped or fastened by any suitable means.

To grind to a given size the diameters of any chueked work, net reqniring the use of the still, or` dead, or back-centre, I make use of .the following device: p

I place in a post, w, Whichmay be secured in position as shown in the drawings, a flat-surfaced diamond, or other material, of the requisite hardness, and adjust its height above the axial line of the arbor i,

to the radins of the size to which it is required toiinish the work rotating with the lathe.

The position of the diamond, which is denoted by a1, is such as to come beyond the end of the piece to be ground, but in the path of the peripheral grinding-face of the wheel q;

`It will be seen that the wheel will grind until its eral grinding-face on the dia-mondiy Thus, pivots, or other small, short cylinders may be ground and polished in numbers to the same diameters. y

I'claim, in combination with the head-stock of a lathe, a shaft, or slide, l, provided with a back-centre bearing-piece, fm, and a guide., il, or its equivalent, substantiallyas described. y

Also, the combination, with a lathe, of a-swinging frame, or bearing,'a polishing-wheel, and a grindinglap or laps, arranged to operate substantially" as described. .y

Also, the combination, with apolishing-wheel, of a gauging-stop, arranged to operate substantially as described. v

' CHAS. V. VOERD.

Witnessesz J. B. Gaosr, I FRANCIS GOULD.

swinging movement is stopped by abuttal ot its perph-

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