US932945A - Annealing-furnace with inlet sealed by steam. - Google Patents

Annealing-furnace with inlet sealed by steam. Download PDF

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Publication number
US932945A
US932945A US50584809A US1909505848A US932945A US 932945 A US932945 A US 932945A US 50584809 A US50584809 A US 50584809A US 1909505848 A US1909505848 A US 1909505848A US 932945 A US932945 A US 932945A
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retort
piece
steam
mouth
inlet
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US50584809A
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Chauncey C Baldwin
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STANDARD UNDERGROUND CABLE Co
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STANDARD UNDERGROUND CABLE Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching

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  • This invention relates to that'class of annealing furnaces in which coils of wire'or other metal articles which require al'inealing are conveyed through a heated retort from which the atmosphere is excluded to avoid the oxidation of the articles.
  • the inlet mouthpiece of such annealing retorts has been closed by a water-seal or by a mechanical air-lock of some kind, but I have found by extensive practice that these means of closing. the inlet can be wholly supersededby the discharge of steam from the retort itself through the inlet mouth-piece.
  • a walter-seal at the outlet mouth-piece is, however, desirable vfor the purpose of introducing the heated metal to a cooling bat-hbefore it is at all exposed to thel atmosphere.
  • live steam has been supplied to the interior of the retort for the purpose of driving any air out of the retort, but .the live steam heretofore supplied to the interior -of the retort for such a purpose has involved a very considerable ruiming expense; while the steam which I employ to seal the inlet mouth-piece of the retort costs nothing, as
  • My invention is based upon the discovery that a current of steam issuing from theA mouth-piece of the retort strictlyally prevents the intrusion of air.
  • the steam opcrates most eiectively if the mouth-piece be bent downward to or near the level of the bottom of the retort.
  • My invention also includes the discovery, that where the outlet mouth-piece of the retort is sealed with water, steam is constantly generated and discharged from the surface of the water within such outlet mouth-piece by the heat in the retort itself and by the heat 'in the annealed articles which are quenched in such water as they pass out of the retort. Where the mouth-piece is open,I
  • the articles may be moistened with water before they are fed into the retort, to increase the generation ot steam,
  • Figure ⁇ 1 of the drawing shows ,diagrammatically a longitudinal section f a furnace provided with the improvements;
  • ⁇ Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 2-2 in Fig. l;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show a part of the conveyor in elevation and plan upon a larger scale thanl Fig. l.
  • a designates the retort, mounted in brickwork b, which is heated by furnaces c in any suitable manner.
  • a tank d having water kept at a suitable levelve isxed adjacent- 'to the outlet end of the retort, and the outlet 1 extends below the surface of ciently to seal the same to the admission of air.
  • the inlet mouthpiece ,f/ slopes downwardly below the bottom line ot the retort, and rolls r and s at opposite ends of the retort guide a portion Z of an endless chain-conveyer through thev retort; another portion Z sloping downwardly through the mouth-piece Vinlet mouth-piece to va.drivin,f 1; rol1 p at a lower level than the rolls 1'.
  • Figs. 3 and il show thek form ordinarily used for the conveyor with two side 'chains and crossbars Z'" to carry the load.
  • ledges are show-n secured in the sides of the retort to support the'upper portion ot' the conveyer which carries the coils lz, the lower portion which moves in the reverse direction lying close to the floor of the retort.
  • a gravity-slide t is provided at the outer end of the conyeyer portion Z upon'which an attendant lays the coils h, and down which they slide by gravity to the conveyer, as indicated bythe arrow fv.
  • the coils may be sprinkled with Awater from a pipe '0, the water serving'togenerate steam when the coils are heated.
  • the conveyer carries .the coils only t0 the outlet end ofthe retort, as indicated by the arrow u, and there disAJ charges them to va slopingehute c' whichextends from thefloo'rof the retorty downward the water of the tank d within the outlet n upwardly from the bottom of the chute above the top of the tank, receiving the coils as they slide down the chute into the water and carrying them successively above the level of the water to the edge of the tank, where they fall upon the floor m. 1With the arrangementshown iii the drawing, the mouth-pieces f and g extend below the Hoor level, so that a pit is.
  • the coils When the steam escapes in acloud from the inlet mouth-piece the coils may be fed into the retort and annealed without oxidation, as the expulsion of the air thus prepares the retort for annealing bright wire.
  • the 'inlet mouthpiece is constantly open to the atmosphere, so that the conveyer can operate Without obstruction through'the saine, and the articles" upon the conveyer can thus be carried directly into the retort without' any interruption or obstruction.
  • An annealing furnace having a heated retort, an inlet mouth-piece extended downward from the inlet of the retort and open to the atmosphere, means for conveying articles into the retort through suchinlet mouthpiece, an outlet mouth-piece extended downward from the outlet end of the retort, and
  • a tank with liquid covering suoli mouth-A piece the inlet being sealed by steam supair, a conveyer extended through the inlet mouth-piece and through the retort to the outlet mouth-piece, and a chute delivering the articles from the retort by gravity to,
  • An annealing furnace having a heated retort, an inlet mouth-piece extended downward from the inlet end of the retort and Open tothe atmosphere, an outlet 'mouthpiece extended downward from the ot'let end of the retort, a tank 4with liquid covering such outlet mouth-piece, and steam heing supplied from the' interior of the retort to the inlet mouth-piece to prevent the entrance of air, a conveyer extended through such inlet mouth-piece and through the re tort tothe outlet mouth-piece, a chute de-v livering the articles by gravity from the retortto the water in the tank and an independent elevator operating in the tank to receive the articles from the chute and discharge them from the tank.
  • An annealing furnace havin a heated retort, aninlet mouth-piece exten ed downward from. the inlet end of the retort and o n to the atmosphere, an outlet mouthpiece extended downward from the outlet end of the retort, a. tank ⁇ with liquid cov-- ering such mouth-piece, steam being suppliedfrom the interior of the retort to the inlet mouth-piece to prevent the entrance of air, rolls at the opposite ends of theretort4 and a roll below the inlet mouth-.piece with endless chains fitted to such -rolls, and

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Description

G. G. BALDWIN. ANNEALING EURNAGE WITH INLET SEALED BY STEAM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1909.
'., Patented Aug. 31, 1909.
UNITED- sTATEs PATENT oraisonA CHAUNCEY c. BALDWIN, or PERTH AMB or, NEW JERSEY, Assieme 'ro sTAN'nAnn UNDEaesenNn CABLE couPANY, or PrrTsBUne, rnN'NsYLVANm, A 'conPoEArroN or PENNsYLvANm.
ANNEALING-FURNACE WITH INLET SEALED BY STEAM.
Specication of Letters Patent.
Patented Aug, 31, 1909.
. Appncatiou led J'uiy s, 1909. serial No. 505,848.
To alli/)hom it may concern:
Be it known that I, CHAUNCEY C. BALD- wlN, a citizen of the United States, -residing at 179 Water street, Perth Amboy, county of Middlesex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Annealing- Furnaces with IInlet Sealed by Steam, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same. n
This invention relates to that'class of annealing furnaces in which coils of wire'or other metal articles which require al'inealing are conveyed through a heated retort from which the atmosphere is excluded to avoid the oxidation of the articles. Heretofore, the inlet mouthpiece of such annealing retorts has been closed by a water-seal or by a mechanical air-lock of some kind, but I have found by extensive practice that these means of closing. the inlet can be wholly supersededby the discharge of steam from the retort itself through the inlet mouth-piece. A walter-seal at the outlet mouth-piece is, however, desirable vfor the purpose of introducing the heated metal to a cooling bat-hbefore it is at all exposed to thel atmosphere. Heretofore, live steam has been supplied to the interior of the retort for the purpose of driving any air out of the retort, but .the live steam heretofore supplied to the interior -of the retort for such a purpose has involved a very considerable ruiming expense; while the steam which I employ to seal the inlet mouth-piece of the retort costs nothing, as
it is generated by the heat within-.the retortv itself.
My invention is based upon the discovery that a current of steam issuing from theA mouth-piece of the retort efectually prevents the intrusion of air. The steam opcrates most eiectively if the mouth-piece be bent downward to or near the level of the bottom of the retort.
My invention also includes the discovery, that where the outlet mouth-piece of the retort is sealed with water, steam is constantly generated and discharged from the surface of the water within such outlet mouth-piece by the heat in the retort itself and by the heat 'in the annealed articles which are quenched in such water as they pass out of the retort. Where the mouth-piece is open,I
- the water su the air which may be contained in the retort when the lires are started to heat it, is eti'ecl tually discharged from the retort by the generation of steam vupon the surface of the water Within the outlet induth-piece, such steam rising within the yretort and expelling the air and finally emerging in a continuous current from the inlet mouth-piece.
If'it be desired, the articles may be moistened with water before they are fed into the retort, to increase the generation ot steam,
Figure `1 of the drawing shows ,diagrammatically a longitudinal section f a furnace provided with the improvements; `Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 2-2 in Fig. l; Figs. 3 and 4 show a part of the conveyor in elevation and plan upon a larger scale thanl Fig. l.
a designates the retort, mounted in brickwork b, which is heated by furnaces c in any suitable manner. A tank d having water kept at a suitable levelve isxed adjacent- 'to the outlet end of the retort, and the outlet 1 extends below the surface of ciently to seal the same to the admission of air. The inlet mouthpiece ,f/ slopes downwardly below the bottom line ot the retort, and rolls r and s at opposite ends of the retort guide a portion Z of an endless chain-conveyer through thev retort; another portion Z sloping downwardly through the mouth-piece Vinlet mouth-piece to va.drivin,f 1; rol1 p at a lower level than the rolls 1'.
Figs. 3 and il show thek form ordinarily used for the conveyor with two side 'chains and crossbars Z'" to carry the load. In Figs. 1 and 2, ledges are show-n secured in the sides of the retort to support the'upper portion ot' the conveyer which carries the coils lz, the lower portion which moves in the reverse direction lying close to the floor of the retort.
A gravity-slide t is provided at the outer end of the conyeyer portion Z upon'which an attendant lays the coils h, and down which they slide by gravity to the conveyer, as indicated bythe arrow fv. Before they enter the moutl1- piece the coils may be sprinkled with Awater from a pipe '0, the water serving'togenerate steam when the coils are heated. 'The conveyer carries .the coils only t0 the outlet end ofthe retort, as indicated by the arrow u, and there disAJ charges them to va slopingehute c' whichextends from thefloo'rof the retorty downward the water of the tank d within the outlet n upwardly from the bottom of the chute above the top of the tank, receiving the coils as they slide down the chute into the water and carrying them successively above the level of the water to the edge of the tank, where they fall upon the floor m. 1With the arrangementshown iii the drawing, the mouth-pieces f and g extend below the Hoor level, so that a pit is. required at each end of the retort, one of which pits holds the tank d, while the other contains the conveyer l and the gravity-slide t, and -requires no supply of water for sealing the inlet mouth-piece, as such mouth-piece is sealed by steam. The retort is cleared from air before introducing any articles which require annealinv` by the spontaneous genera-/ tion of steam/ from the surface of the water in the -outlet mouth-piece when the furnaces are heated.
When the steam escapes in acloud from the inlet mouth-piece the coils may be fed into the retort and annealed without oxidation, as the expulsion of the air thus prepares the retort for annealing bright wire.
The heat of such coils when plunged successilvely into the water in the outlet mouthpiece increases thel generation of steam therein and maintains a constant discharge of steam from the `inlet mouthpiece. It is immaterial what means are used for conveying the articles into the retort through the inlet mouth-piece which is open to the atmosphere and supplied with steanifroin the interior ofthe retort.
The construction of this annealing furnace secures the most economical operation, as
' it avoids the use of live steam from a steam boiler to expel the air from the retort and to keep it free from air; and ,the use of steam for sealing the inlet mouth-piece avoids the necessity of using a mechanical y air-lock at the inlet of the retort, which air'- lock greatly iinpedes the introduction of the articles to the retort and-involves the consumption of power to operate the same.
With my construction, the 'inlet mouthpiece is constantly open to the atmosphere, so that the conveyer can operate Without obstruction through'the saine, and the articles" upon the conveyer can thus be carried directly into the retort without' any interruption or obstruction.
The use of the gravit -slide t for feeding` the coils or other artic es to the inlet-con- -veyer enables an operator to supply thel apapparatus until an operator can remove them. Y I
Having thus set forth the` nature of the invention` what is claimed herein is:
1. An annealing furnace having a heated retort, an inlet mouth-piece extended downward from the inlet of the retort and open to the atmosphere, means for conveying articles into the retort through suchinlet mouthpiece, an outlet mouth-piece extended downward from the outlet end of the retort, and
a tank with liquid covering suoli mouth-A piece, the inlet being sealed by steam supair, a conveyer extended through the inlet mouth-piece and through the retort to the outlet mouth-piece, and a chute delivering the articles from the retort by gravity to,
the water in the tank.
3. An annealing furnace having a heated retort, an inlet mouth-piece extended downward from the inlet end of the retort and Open tothe atmosphere, an outlet 'mouthpiece extended downward from the ot'let end of the retort, a tank 4with liquid covering such outlet mouth-piece, and steam heing supplied from the' interior of the retort to the inlet mouth-piece to prevent the entrance of air, a conveyer extended through such inlet mouth-piece and through the re tort tothe outlet mouth-piece, a chute de-v livering the articles by gravity from the retortto the water in the tank and an independent elevator operating in the tank to receive the articles from the chute and discharge them from the tank.
4. An annealing furnace havin a heated retort, aninlet mouth-piece exten ed downward from. the inlet end of the retort and o n to the atmosphere, an outlet mouthpiece extended downward from the outlet end of the retort, a. tank `with liquid cov-- ering such mouth-piece, steam being suppliedfrom the interior of the retort to the inlet mouth-piece to prevent the entrance of air, rolls at the opposite ends of theretort4 and a roll below the inlet mouth-.piece with endless chains fitted to such -rolls, and
operating to convey articles ythrough the inlet mouthpiece and the retort and deliver them at the end of they retort, at its junction withl the outlet mouth-piece.
5`."A'n annealing furnaeehaving a heated retort, an inlet moutliieee estended downward from the inlet o the retort and open operating throughv the inlet mouth-plece and to the atmosphere, .a conve'ye'r arranged and' liquid covering such outlet 1nouthpiece,
i steam being 'supplied from the interior of th'e retort to' the inlet mouth-piece'to pre- 2o the retort to 'carry the metallic articles 1to1.`
annealing through the same, means for lwet vent the entrance of air, a lconveyer having ting the said articles with Awater'i-When a portioniwithin the retort, andsloping por- .placed upon the conveyer, a mouth-piece extion Z. leading intol the inlet mouth-piece", tended downward from the aoutlet end .of the ithegravity-slidet for supplying the articles retort, and atank with liquid covering such to s uch conveyer, and a spray-pipe with 25 .mouth-piece, the air being excluded 'from supply oi liquid for wetting the articles as ward fromv the inlet end of the retort and lVlitnesses:
the retort and the inlet mouth-piece `by they pass into the retort. steam generated from the moisture upon the In'testimony whereof I have hereuntojset articles. my hand in the .presence of two subscribing 6. 'An annealing furnace having a heated Witnesses.v
retort, an inlet mouth-piece extended down- CHUINEY C. BALDWIN.
open to the atmosphere, an outlet mouthl I ALBERT WATERS, piece extended downward, a' tank. 'with' Enw. M. EINHORN.
US50584809A 1909-07-03 1909-07-03 Annealing-furnace with inlet sealed by steam. Expired - Lifetime US932945A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112491182A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-12 苏州贯龙电磁线有限公司 Winding wire for vehicle-mounted motor and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112491182A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-12 苏州贯龙电磁线有限公司 Winding wire for vehicle-mounted motor and preparation method thereof

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