US9522351B2 - Shape of filtering elements - Google Patents

Shape of filtering elements Download PDF

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US9522351B2
US9522351B2 US13/978,899 US201213978899A US9522351B2 US 9522351 B2 US9522351 B2 US 9522351B2 US 201213978899 A US201213978899 A US 201213978899A US 9522351 B2 US9522351 B2 US 9522351B2
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crown
axis
row
flow
support
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US20140021127A1 (en
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Philippe Lescoche
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Technologies Avancees et Membranes Industrielles SA
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Technologies Avancees et Membranes Industrielles SA
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    • B01D29/009—
    • B01D29/0056—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • B01D29/035—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting with curved filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/15—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces
    • B01D33/17—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with rotary filtering tables
    • B01D33/19—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary plane filtering surfaces with rotary filtering tables the table surface being divided in successively tilted sectors or cells, e.g. for discharging the filter cake
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
    • B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/14—Specific spacers
    • B01D2313/146—Specific spacers on the permeate side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2319/00—Membrane assemblies within one housing
    • B01D2319/02—Elements in series
    • B01D2319/025—Permeate series

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of tangential separation using filtration elements suitable for ensuring the separation of the molecules or of the particles contained in a fluid medium to be treated.
  • the subject of the invention targets, more specifically, new filtration elements comprising a rigid porous support in which circulation channels for the fluid to be filtered are arranged, said support having an original geometry.
  • the subject of the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of filtration in the broad sense, and especially nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration or reverse osmosis.
  • filtration elements are known that are produced from a support of tubular or flat nature.
  • Filtration elements of tubular type comprising a porous support, for example made of an inorganic material, for example made of ceramic, in which a series of channels is arranged, have in particular been proposed.
  • This support may be combined with one or more separating layers, for example made of an inorganic material, deposited on the surface of each circulation channel and connected to one another and to the support by sintering. These layers make it possible to adjust the filtration power of the filtration element.
  • the rigid porous support is of elongated shape and has a transverse cross section that is usually polygonal or circular.
  • Many supports comprising a plurality of channels parallel to one another and to the longitudinal axis of the porous support have already been proposed, in particular, by the applicant.
  • filtration elements comprising a series of non-circular channels are described in patent application WO 93 07959 in the name of CERASIV, patent application EP 0 780 148 in the name of CORNING, patent application WO 00/29098 in the name of ORELIS, patents EP 0 778 073 and EP 0 778 074 in the name of the applicant and patent applications WO 01/62370 in the name of Institut des Céramiques Techniques and FR 2898513 in the name of ORELIS.
  • the channels communicate, on the one hand, with an inlet chamber for the fluid medium to be treated and, on the other hand, with an outlet chamber.
  • the surface of the channels is, usually, covered with at least one separating layer that ensures the separation of the molecules or of the particles contained in the fluid medium circulating inside the channels, in a given direction, from one end of the channels known as the inlet end to the other end known as the outlet end.
  • a filtration element produces, via a screening effect, a separation of the molecular or particulate species of the product to be treated, insofar as all the particles or molecules greater than the diameter of the pores of the zone of the filtration element with which they are in contact are stopped.
  • the transfer of the fluid takes place across the support and optionally the separating layer or layers when they are present, and the fluid spreads into the porosity of the support in order to be sent to the outer surface of the porous support.
  • the portion of the fluid to be treated that has crossed the separating layer and the porous support is referred to as the permeate or filtrate and is recovered by a collection chamber surrounding the filtration element.
  • the present invention relates to a filtration element for filtering a fluid medium
  • a filtration element for filtering a fluid medium comprising a rigid porous support of cylindrical shape having a longitudinal central axis and comprising a plurality of channels for the circulation of the fluid medium to be filtered with a view to recovering a filtrate at the periphery of the support, which channels are made in the support parallel to its central axis, the total surface area of the transverse cross sections of all of the channels made in the support representing at least 42% of the total surface area of the transverse cross section of the support and said channels defining, in particular, filtration crowns, of at least three in number, in each of which:
  • At the three crowns closest to the periphery of the support known as row n, n ⁇ 1 and n ⁇ 2 crowns, there is at least a substantial alignment of 3 adjacent axes among the axes of the flow and connection paths and the axes of the channels, which favors the mechanical strength of the support.
  • n there is an axis of a flow and connection path or an axis of a channel which is substantially aligned with an axis of a flow and connection path or an axis of a channel of the n ⁇ 1 crown, which is itself substantially aligned with an axis of a flow and connection path or an axis of a channel of the n ⁇ 2 crown, these three substantially aligned axes being located on the same side with respect to the center A of the support and are referred to as adjacent.
  • Such filtration elements which have a high transparency are highly advantageous for their filtering capacity.
  • the applicant evaluated the existing stress fields within supports comprising a series of at least 3 crowns of channels and demonstrated that the maximum stress was at the crowns closest to the periphery of the support.
  • the applicant proposes to select particular positionings of the three crowns closest to the periphery of the support, with a view to improving the mechanical performances of the filtration element.
  • the substantial alignment between the axes of the flow and connection paths and the axes of the channels which favors the mechanical strength of the support corresponds to the fact that at least one axis of a flow and connection path of the crown closest to the periphery of the support, known as row n crown, is substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1, said axis of the channel itself being substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent flow and connection path of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 2.
  • the substantial alignment between the axes of the flow and connection paths and the axes of the channels, which favors the mechanical strength of the support corresponds to the fact that at least one axis of a channel of the crown closest to the periphery of the support, known as row n crown, is substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent flow and connection path of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1, said axis of the flow and connection path being itself substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 2.
  • At least one axis of a flow and connection path of the crown closest to the periphery of the support is substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent flow and connection path of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1, said axis of the flow and connection path of the row n ⁇ 1 crown being itself substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent flow and connection path of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 2.
  • At least one axis of a channel of the crown closest to the periphery of the support is substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1, said axis of the channel of the row n ⁇ 1 crown being itself substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 2.
  • the axes X and Y (X n and Y n ⁇ 1 and Y n ⁇ 1 and X n ⁇ 2 or Y n and X n ⁇ 1 and X n ⁇ 1 and Y n ⁇ 2 ) which are substantially aligned in accordance with the invention are perfectly merged or form an angle of less than or equal to 3°, and preferably less than 2° and preferentially less than 1°.
  • the perfect alignment of the axes envisaged corresponds to the particularly preferred configuration.
  • a channel or path of a crown of row i and the path or channel which is closest thereto in the neighboring crown of row i+1 or i ⁇ 1 are referred to as adjacent.
  • the filtration elements according to the invention may have one or other of the features below or any combination of these features, or even all of these features, when they do not exclude one another:
  • an axis of a channel of the crown closest to the periphery of the support is aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1, with a tolerance of ⁇ 16% and, preferably, of ⁇ 10%, and preferentially of ⁇ 5%, of the value of the angular sector defined by the two axes of symmetry of the flow and connection paths delimiting said channel of the row n ⁇ 1 crown, and, on the other hand, said axis of the channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 1 itself being substantially aligned with the axis of an adjacent channel of the crown of lower row n ⁇ 2, with a tolerance of ⁇ 16% and, preferably, of ⁇ 10%, of the value of the angular sector defined by the two axes of symmetry of the flow and connection paths delimiting said channel of the row n ⁇ 1 crown;
  • Another subject of the present invention is the filtration installations or modules comprising a filtration element, in accordance with the invention, in a housing.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view, deliberately on a larger scale, of an exemplary embodiment of a filtration element in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a filtration element, given by way of comparison, similar to that from FIG. 1A , but in which the row n crown has been shifted by a rotation of 3.75° about the longitudinal axis of the support.
  • FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of a filtration element, given by way of comparison, similar to that from FIG. 1A , but in which the row n ⁇ 2 crown has been shifted by a rotation of 11.25° about the longitudinal axis of the support.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, deliberately on a larger scale, of another exemplary embodiment of a filtration element in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view, deliberately on a larger scale, of another exemplary embodiment of a filtration element in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a filtration element similar to that from FIG. 3A , but in which the row n ⁇ 1 crown has been shifted by a rotation of 7.5° about the longitudinal axis of the support.
  • the transverse cross section of a filtration element corresponds to its cross section taken perpendicular to its central axis.
  • the structure and the dimensions of the transverse cross section are constant over the entire length of the filtration element and the geometry over this cross section is therefore representative of the geometry of the multichannel filtration element which has a symmetry of extrusion.
  • the concepts of angle, thickness, cross section and displacement within the support are understood to mean in the plane of a transverse cross section of the support.
  • a transverse cross section of the support mention will be made equally of the axis of the support and the center of the support.
  • the inorganic filtration element I has a shape suitable for ensuring the separation or filtration of molecules or particles contained in a fluid medium, preferably a liquid medium, of varied nature that may or may not comprise a solid phase.
  • the filtration element I comprises a rigid porous support 1 consisting of a material having a transfer resistance that is suitable for the separation to be carried out.
  • the support 1 is made from one or more inorganic materials, such as metal oxides (titanium dioxide, alumina or zirconia in particular), carbon, carbide or nitride of silicon or metals.
  • the support I is made in an elongated shape or in the form of a pipe that extends along a longitudinal central axis A.
  • the porous support 1 generally has a mean hydraulic pore diameter between 2 and 12 ⁇ m.
  • the support 1 has a transverse cross section which may be of various shapes, for example hexagonal or, as in the embodiments illustrated in the figures, circular.
  • the support 1 thus has a cylindrical outer surface 1 1 .
  • the support 1 is arranged in order to comprise a plurality of channels C 01 , C 11 , C 12 . . . , C 21 , C 22 . . . , C n1 , C n2 . . . (generically referred to as C ij ) made parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the support.
  • the channels are distributed in a filtration zone of row i, it being possible for each filtration zone to comprise one or more channels and to be separated by a porous zone.
  • each porous zone Z is between two filtration zones, each filtration zone comprising a channel or a plurality of channels, when it is a question of a filtration crown.
  • the channels C ij each have a surface 2 that may be covered with at least one separating layer, not represented, intended to be in contact with the fluid medium to be treated circulating within the channels.
  • the nature of the separating layer or layers is chosen as a function of the separating or filtration power to be obtained and forms, with the support, an intimate connection, so that the pressure originating from the liquid medium is transmitted to the porous support 1 .
  • This or these layers may be deposited from, for example, suspensions containing at least one metal oxide of the titanium dioxide, alumina or zirconia type in particular, optionally as a mixture, and that are conventionally used in the production of mineral filtration elements. This or these layers are subjected, after drying, to a sintering operation which makes it possible to consolidate them and to connect them to one another and also to the porous support 1 .
  • the support 1 comprises at least three filtration crowns F 1 , F 2 , . . . F n (generically referred to as F i ) which are distributed concentrically.
  • Two adjacent (i.e. successive or neighboring) filtration crowns are separated by a continuous porous zone.
  • a porous zone Z is therefore inserted between two neighboring filtration crowns F.
  • the porous zones which are zones of porous material in which the filtrate circulates, are described as continuous since there is a clear delimitation between two adjacent filtration crowns, i.e. there is no overlap, nor intersection between two adjacent filtration crowns. In other words, a channel of a filtration crown cannot be found, even only partly, between two channels of an adjacent filtration crown.
  • Each crown constitutes a filtration zone and may be defined as a set of channels located over a closed curve, i.e. the barycenters of these channels are located over this curve. In the examples illustrated, the channels of one and the same crown are located over a circle.
  • the channels have noncircular cross sections.
  • the channels of the crowns are of trapezoidal shape. More generally, the channels of the filtration crowns define sectors of these filtration crowns, the shape of which is suitable for the filtration and mechanical strength requirements.
  • These channels have one wall that faces the periphery 1 1 of the support (referred to as outer wall), one wall facing the center A of the support (referred to as inner wall), and two side walls R connecting the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • the side walls are connected to the inner and outer walls by fillets.
  • the inner wall could be replaced by a fillet connecting the two side walls R.
  • the endpoints of a wall are the points located at these two ends, just before the fillets.
  • a direction d is defined which connects these two endpoints.
  • this direction d heads toward the center of the support and the side walls R will also be referred to as radial walls. Nevertheless, this direction d does not necessarily pass through the center of the support.
  • the directions d of the two radial walls R of one and the same channel intersect at a point located around the center of the support, with respect to said channel, and in particular at a point D located between said channel and the center of the support, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 1A .
  • the radial walls R that participate in the definition of the contour of a channel correspond to two straight sides and the direction d is therefore merged with these sides.
  • two channels of one and the same crown are said to be neighboring if they have a flow and connection path P in common. This flow and connection path P therefore constitutes a divider separating two neighboring channels of one and the same crown.
  • the filtration crowns and the porous zones occupy different rows which increase in the direction of the periphery of the support.
  • the filtration crown (or respectively the porous zone) closest to the periphery is considered to be of a higher row relative to a filtration crown (or respectively a porous zone) closer to the center and considered to be a filtration crown (or respectively a porous zone) of a lower row.
  • a crown of given row is surrounded by the crown or crowns of higher row.
  • the support comprises three filtration crowns F 1 to F 3 and a central channel C 01 , which makes it possible in particular to avoid an accumulation of material at the center of the support.
  • the central channel C 01 is of circular shape, but a shape of polygonal or other type could also be provided.
  • each filtration crown is composed of a series of noncircular channels.
  • the central channel is separated from the filtration crown of row 1 , by a porous zone Z 0 .
  • the filtration crowns F 1 and F 2 are separated by a porous zone Z 1 and the filtration crowns F 2 and F 3 are separated by a porous zone Z 2 .
  • the channels are separated by flow dividers for the filtrate, generically referred to as P and P 1 in the row 1 crown, P 2 in the row 2 crown and P 3 in the row 3 crown.
  • These flow dividers P 1 , P 2 and P 3 enable the filtrate to travel inside the support from one porous zone to the next, up to the peripheral zone Zp, which is also porous, in order to emerge on the outer surface 1 1 of the support 1 .
  • the channels of the crown F 3 closest to the periphery of the support, have an arch-shaped profile as described in patent FR2741821 in the name of the applicant. But provision could just as well be made for the width of the zone Zp located between the outer wall of a channel of the crown F 3 and the periphery 1 1 of the support to be constant.
  • said flow and connection paths P 1 , P 2 and P 3 have an axis of symmetry, which passes through the center A of the support. These axes of symmetry are referred to generically as Y and Y 1 in the row 1 crown, Y 2 in the row 2 crown and Y 3 in the row 3 crown.
  • the paths P and the axes of symmetry Y are assigned subscript values in the following manner: within a row i crown, the flow and connection path located between the channels C ij and C i(j+i) is referred to as P ij and its axis of symmetry is Y ij .
  • the various channels of the filtration crowns also have an axis of symmetry generically referred to as X which passes through the center of the support, with a view to optimizing the filtering surface area.
  • X 1 in the row 1 crown X 2 in the row 2 crown and X 3 in the row 3 crown and, according to a more specific naming, they bear the same subscript values as the channel of which they are the axis.
  • filtration crowns F 1 to F 3 are distributed as follows on moving from the central axis A toward the periphery 1 1 of the support:
  • the number of channels present in each filtration crown therefore increases on moving from the center toward the periphery of the support.
  • the channels of one and the same crown are described as identical, given that they have in particular the same shape, the same cross section and the same hydraulic diameter to within small variations due to the manufacturing process.
  • the outer diameter of the support could be 41 mm
  • the mean hydraulic diameters (corresponding to the arithmetic mean of all the hydraulic diameters of the channels of a crown) over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 and 3 could be 4.00-4.04-4.00 respectively and 4.00 mm for the central channel C 01 .
  • the mean transverse cross-sectional surface areas (corresponding to the arithmetic mean of all the transverse cross-sectional surface areas of the channels of a crown) over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 and 3 , are 14.7-14.5-13.8 respectively and 12.5 mm 2 for the central channel C 01 .
  • the filtration crowns F 1 to F 3 are distributed concentrically with respect to the central channel C 01 .
  • the barycenters of the channels C 11 , C 12 . . . C 18 of the row 1 crown F 1 are located over a circle coaxial to the central axis A, this coaxial circle having a smaller diameter with respect to the coaxial circle over which the barycenters of the channels C 21 , C 22 . . . C 216 of the row 2 filtration crown F 2 are located and so on.
  • At least one axis Y 3 of a flow and connection path P 3 of the row 3 crown F 3 closest to the periphery 1 1 of the support 1 is substantially aligned with the axis X 2 of an adjacent channel of the crown F 2 of lower row 2 , said axis X 2 of the channel itself being substantially aligned with the axis Y 1 of an adjacent flow and connection path P 1 of the crown of lower row 1 .
  • the axis Y of a flow path P is substantially aligned with the axis of symmetry X of a channel, when the two axes are merged or form an angle having an angular value of less than ⁇ 16% and, preferably, of less than ⁇ 10%, and in particular of less than ⁇ 5%, of the value of the angular sector defined by the two axes of symmetry of the flow and connection paths delimiting said channel.
  • the angular sector defined by two neighboring axes Y corresponds, for example, to an angle of 5° to 60°.
  • the two axes X n ⁇ 1 and Y n on the one hand and Y n ⁇ 2 and X n ⁇ 1 on the other hand which are substantially aligned in accordance with the invention are perfectly merged or form an angle of less than or equal to 3°, and preferably less than 2° and preferentially less than 1°.
  • Y n , X n ⁇ 1 and Y n ⁇ 2 are perfectly aligned.
  • the double alignment in accordance with the invention allows the filtration element to withstand high operating pressures.
  • FIG. 1A Given that in one and the same crown and therefore in particular over the crown F 2 , all the channels are identical and regularly spaced apart from one another, the angular sectors defined by two axes of symmetry Y 2 (for example Y 21 and Y 22 ) of the flow paths P 2 surrounding a channel of the row 2 crown are all equal. In the example illustrated, these angular sectors are equal to 15°. Furthermore, in FIG. 1A , an exact double superimposition of axes in accordance with the invention is observed, on 8 occasions, over a transverse cross section of the support. The number of channels present over each of the crowns F 1 to F 3 is a multiple of this number 8. There is strict alignment:
  • transverse cross section represented in FIG. 1A has 4 axes of symmetry.
  • FIG. 1A A support in accordance with FIG. 1A was compared with supports in accordance with FIGS. 1B and 1C produced by way of comparison.
  • FIGS. 1B and 1C are identical in every respect to FIG. 1A , except that a rotation of a given angle with respect to the longitudinal axis A has been applied, either to the row 3 crown, or to the row 1 crown.
  • the row 3 crown has been shifted by a rotation of 3.75° about the longitudinal axis A of the support
  • FIG. 1C it is the row 1 crown that has been shifted by a rotation of 11.25° about the longitudinal axis A of the support.
  • the axes Y 32 , X 22 and Y 11 were aligned in FIG. 1A
  • the axes X 22 and Y 11 are still aligned but are shifted by 3.75° with respect to the axis Y 32
  • the axes X 22 and Y 32 are still aligned but are shifted by 11.25° with respect to the axis Y 11 .
  • the maximum stress calculated for FIG. 1A is 71.5 MPa, versus 77.4 MPa and 80.7 MPa respectively for FIGS. 1B and 1C . It therefore appears that the new arrangement of the channels in the crowns of rows n to n ⁇ 2 (corresponding to rows 3 to 1 in FIGS. 1A to 1C ) in accordance with the invention significantly reduces the local zones of weakness.
  • the stresses observed are linked to the pressure exerted by the fluid inside the channels, in particular in the case of fluid hammer. This internal pressure tends to deform and therefore to stress the material.
  • the geometric configuration according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a more balanced distribution of the stresses within the cross section of the support.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the support 1 comprises 4 filtration crowns F 1 to F 4 .
  • the support also comprises a central channel C 01 of circular shape in the example illustrated, about which the filtration crowns F 1 to F 4 are distributed concentrically.
  • These filtration zones are distributed as follows on moving from the central axis A toward the periphery 1 1 of the support 1 :
  • the outer diameter of the support could be 25 mm
  • the mean hydraulic diameters over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 could be 2.30-2.32-2.31-2.28 respectively and 2.30 mm for the central channel C 01 .
  • the mean transverse cross-sectional surface areas (corresponding to the arithmetic mean of all the transverse cross-sectional surface areas of the channels of a crown) over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 , are 4.6-4.8-4.7-4.5 respectively and 4.2 mm 2 for the central channel C 01 .
  • the crowns of rows n to n ⁇ 2 correspond to the crowns of rows 4 to 42 .
  • an exact double superimposition of axes in accordance with the essential feature of the invention is observed, on 5 occasions, over a transverse cross section of the support.
  • the number of channels present over each of the crowns F 2 to F 4 is a multiple of this number 5.
  • the number of channels present over each of the crowns F 2 to F 4 is not a multiple of 6 corresponding to the number of channels of the crown F 1 closest to the center of the support.
  • transverse cross section of the support 1 represented in FIG. 2 has an axis of symmetry B.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates another exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the support comprises five filtration crowns F 1 to F 5 and a central channel C 01 of circular shape, although here too a shape of polygonal or other type could also be provided.
  • the central channel is separated from the filtration crown of row 1 , by a porous zone Z 0 .
  • the filtration crowns F 1 and F 2 are separated by a porous zone Z 1
  • the filtration crowns F 2 and F 3 are separated by a porous zone Z 2
  • the filtration crowns F 3 and F 4 are separated by a porous zone Z 3
  • the filtration crowns F 4 and F 5 are separated by a porous zone Z 4 .
  • the filtration crowns F 1 to F 5 which are concentric with respect to the central channel C 01 , are distributed as follows on moving from the central axis A toward the periphery 1 1 of the support:
  • the outer diameter of the support could be 25 mm
  • the mean hydraulic diameters over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 could be 1.57-1.60-1.60-1.62-1.62 respectively and 1.80 mm for the central channel C 01 .
  • the mean transverse cross-sectional surface areas (corresponding to the arithmetic mean of all the transverse cross-sectional surface areas of the channels of a crown) over the crowns of rows 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 are 2.1-2.1-2.2-2.2-2.3 respectively and 2.5 mm 2 for the central channel C 01 .
  • the crowns of rows n to n ⁇ 2 correspond to the crowns of rows 5 to 3 .
  • an exact double superimposition of axes in accordance with the essential feature of the invention is observed, on 3 occasions, over a transverse cross section of the support.
  • the number of channels present over each of the crowns F 3 to F 5 is a multiple of this number 3.
  • the number of channels present over the crowns F 4 to F 5 (respectively 24 and 27) is not a multiple of 7 corresponding to the number of channels of the crown F 1 closest to the center of the support.
  • the transverse cross section of the support represented in FIG. 3A has an axis of symmetry B′.
  • this axis of symmetry B′ which coincides with the axes Y 523 , X 421 and Y 318 , there is also perfect alignment between the axis of the path separating the channels C 212 and C 211 of the row 2 crown and the axis X 318 of the path separating the channels C 318 and C 319 of the crown of higher row 3 , which axis is itself aligned with the axes Y 523 and X 421 .
  • each of the filtration zones Z 0 to Z 4 and of the peripheral zone Zp are not all identical.
  • the centripetal points i.e. the points closest to the center A
  • the centrifugal points i.e. the centrifugal points
  • each channel of one and the same filtration crown are located over a circle, the center of which is the center of the support, this circle corresponding to the outer envelope of the filtration crown in question.
  • the outer envelope and inner envelope delimiting each porous zone are two concentric circles and each porous zone is therefore of constant thickness.
  • This increase in the thickness of at least some of the porous zones on moving away from the central axis of the support is carried out in order to minimize the effect of the pressure exerted by the retentate, or by hydraulic accidents caused by the operation of the installation such as fluid hammers.
  • the ratio between the mean thickness of the outermost porous zone to the mean thickness of the closest porous zone, on moving toward the center of the support is always greater than 1.
  • the porous zones Z 0 , Z 1 and Z 2 have an identical thickness.
  • the mean thickness of the filtration zones increases on moving toward the periphery 1 1 of the support.
  • the e Z3 /e Z2 and e Z4 /e Z3 thickness ratios are between 1.14 and 1.17.
  • the peripheral zone Zp separating the last filtration crowns F 5 from the outer surface 1 1 of the support 1 is also be greater than the mean thickness of the porous zone Z 4 .
  • this peripheral porous zone Zp could also be made for this peripheral porous zone Zp to have a thickness identical to the thickness of the porous zone Z 4 .
  • the mean thickness of the peripheral zone Zp corresponds to around 1.13 ⁇ the mean thickness of the porous zone Z 4 .
  • FIG. 3B is identical in every respect to FIG. 3A , except that a rotation of an angle of 7.5° with respect to the longitudinal axis A has been applied to the row 4 crown.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which there is alignment between at least one axis X of a channel of the row 5 crown, an axis Y of an adjacent flow and connection path of the crown of lower row 4 and the axis of an adjacent channel X of the crown of lower row 3 .
  • the adjacent axes Y of various flow and connection paths P of crowns 3 , 4 and 5 at the paths P 317 , P 419 and P 521 the axes Y 317 , Y 419 and Y 521 are aligned.
  • the axes Y 53 , Y 43 , Y 33 at the paths P 53 , P 43 and P 33 , and also of the axes Y 512 , Y 411 and Y 311 at the paths P 512 , P 411 and P 311 .
  • the transverse cross section of the support 1 also has an axis of symmetry B′′.
  • the filtration zones may correspond exclusively to a single central channel C 01 and to crowns of channels as defined within the context of the invention and distributed concentrically with respect to the central axis of the support.
  • the single central channel may be eliminated or replaced by a set of channels arranged as petals starting from the central axis A of the support 1 .
  • the support comprises more than three filtration crowns, provision may be made for the three crowns closest to the periphery of the support not to be overlapped whereas the others closer to the center of the support are overlapped. Provision may also be made for all the crowns present not to be overlapped, as in the examples illustrated.
  • provision will be made, for all the channels, including the central channel, irrespective of the two channels taken in pairs, for the ratio between their hydraulic diameters to be within the interval 0.75-1.25, or even within the interval 0.95-1.05 and/or for the ratio between their transverse cross-sectional surface areas to be within the interval 0.75-1.25, or even within the interval 0.95-1.05.
  • the channels of the various crowns are advantageously arranged at regular and identical intervals over their respective crown, but other configurations could also be provided. Furthermore, it'll be noted that when all the channels are identical within one and the same crown, which is the case in FIGS. 1A, 2, 3A and 3B , they are all positioned in an identical manner over the crown, taking into account the requirements in terms of symmetry of the channels and of the flow and connection paths.
  • the flow dividers P have, preferably, within one and the same crown, substantially identical thicknesses.
  • paths for transporting the permeate toward the periphery that are of constant width makes it possible to optimize the mechanical characteristics of the filtration element. Indeed, if a transport path of constant width and a transport path having a width that increases from the center toward the periphery of the support are compared, while keeping the cross section and the number of channels which define these paths constant, the smallest width of the variable-width path is smaller than the width of the constant-width path and this point of smaller width thus becomes a point of mechanical weakness.
  • the choice of a flow path of constant thickness also makes it possible to obtain a better manufacturing efficiency since the extrusion pressures are more uniform.
  • the width of a flow path can be defined in the following manner: within each crown, the channels have noncircular cross sections.
  • the channels of the crowns are of trapezoidal shape. They have one wall that faces the periphery 1 1 of the support (referred to as the outer wall), one wall that faces the center A of the support (referred to as the inner wall), and two side walls connect the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • the side walls are connected to the inner and outer walls by fillets.
  • the inner wall could be replaced by a fillet connecting the two side walls R.
  • a radial wall consists of a straight line segment connected by fillets to the inner and outer walls of the channel that it delimits.
  • the width of a flow path is understood to be the width of the path over the part corresponding to these straight line segments which is located between the fillets.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US13/978,899 2011-01-13 2012-01-12 Shape of filtering elements Active 2033-12-07 US9522351B2 (en)

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FR1150277 2011-01-13
FR1150277A FR2970422B1 (fr) 2011-01-13 2011-01-13 Nouvelle geometrie d'elements de filtration
PCT/FR2012/050078 WO2012095611A1 (fr) 2011-01-13 2012-01-12 Nouvelle geometrie d'elements de filtration

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US20130199991A1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-08-08 Technologies Avancees et Membrances Industrielles Filtration support geometry and membrane
US12220670B2 (en) 2021-11-08 2025-02-11 International Business Machines Corporation Carbon dioxide membrane filter with graphene crown pores

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JP6568378B2 (ja) * 2015-04-06 2019-08-28 イビデン株式会社 通電加熱式触媒
FR3074060B1 (fr) * 2017-11-30 2023-04-28 Saint Gobain Ct Recherches Structure filtrante membranaire monolithique
CN108168064B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-06-19 昆山斯莱姆节能科技有限公司 冷触媒过滤网
CN108180592B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-04-24 昆山斯莱姆节能科技有限公司 带有引风机的穿墙净化通风管
CN108168005B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-06-19 昆山斯莱姆节能科技有限公司 穿墙净化通风管
CN108168007B (zh) * 2017-12-27 2020-06-19 昆山斯莱姆节能科技有限公司 具有调节通风流量结构的穿墙净化通风管
CN112661239B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2023-01-10 浙江和达科技股份有限公司 一种陶瓷膜设备双模式水处理系统及方法
CN115957630A (zh) * 2021-10-12 2023-04-14 三达膜科技（厦门）有限公司 一种多通道管式陶瓷膜支撑体

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US9731229B2 (en) * 2010-03-10 2017-08-15 Technologies Avancees Et Membranes Industrielles Filtration support geometry and membrane
US12220670B2 (en) 2021-11-08 2025-02-11 International Business Machines Corporation Carbon dioxide membrane filter with graphene crown pores

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BR112013015192B1 (pt) 2020-10-13
JP2014507268A (ja) 2014-03-27
DK2663389T3 (en) 2015-06-01
HK1190662A1 (en) 2014-07-11
PT2663389E (pt) 2015-07-10
AU2012206465A1 (en) 2013-08-01
RU2013132420A (ru) 2015-01-20
FR2970422A1 (fr) 2012-07-20
FR2970422B1 (fr) 2013-02-08
AR084833A1 (es) 2013-06-26
RU2585782C2 (ru) 2016-06-10
EP2663389B1 (fr) 2015-03-04
CA2822932A1 (fr) 2012-07-19
CA2822932C (fr) 2017-10-24
ES2538018T3 (es) 2015-06-16
CN103384558A (zh) 2013-11-06
AU2012206465B2 (en) 2016-11-24
CN103384558B (zh) 2015-08-05
PL2663389T3 (pl) 2015-08-31
JP6016811B2 (ja) 2016-10-26
KR101871901B1 (ko) 2018-08-02
NZ613190A (en) 2014-09-26
WO2012095611A1 (fr) 2012-07-19
EP2663389A1 (fr) 2013-11-20
US20140021127A1 (en) 2014-01-23
BR112013015192A2 (pt) 2016-09-13
KR20140045310A (ko) 2014-04-16

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