US9739936B2 - Low-loss few-mode fiber - Google Patents

Low-loss few-mode fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
US9739936B2
US9739936B2 US15/317,102 US201515317102A US9739936B2 US 9739936 B2 US9739936 B2 US 9739936B2 US 201515317102 A US201515317102 A US 201515317102A US 9739936 B2 US9739936 B2 US 9739936B2
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fluorine
few
mode fiber
doped quartz
core layer
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US20170115450A1 (en
Inventor
Qi Mo
Huang Yu
Wen Chen
Cheng Du
Zhiqiang Yu
Dongxiang Wang
Bingfeng Cai
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
Wuhan Research Institute of Posts and Telecommunications Co Ltd
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
Wuhan Research Institute of Posts and Telecommunications Co Ltd
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Assigned to FIBERHOME TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD. reassignment FIBERHOME TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CAI, Bingfeng, CHEN, WEN, DU, CHENG, MO, QI, WANG, DONGXIANG, YU, HUANG, YU, ZHIQIANG
Publication of US20170115450A1 publication Critical patent/US20170115450A1/en
Assigned to WUHAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS, FIBERHOME TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD. reassignment WUHAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CAI, Bingfeng, CHEN, WEN, DU, CHENG, MO, QI, WANG, DONGXIANG, YU, HUANG, YU, ZHIQIANG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03661—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only
    • G02B6/03666—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 4 layers only arranged - + - +
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G02B6/0288—Multimode fibre, e.g. graded index core for compensating modal dispersion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of optical communications and related sensing devices, and more particularly to a low-loss few-mode fiber.
  • DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • DWDM is one of multiplexing technology in which multiple data channels are assigned to respective wavelengths within a certain operating bandwidth. Data channels are combined with the basic mode (LP01) of single-mode fibers for transmission, and when arriving at their respective destinations, they are returned to separation channels respectively.
  • LP01 basic mode
  • the total capacity within a given amplifier bandwidth is limited by spectral efficiency, and the spectral efficiency is used to describe, at a given data rate, the degree of closeness to which a single wavelength can be spaced for communication purposes when the fibers are subjected to the extreme limitation due to non-linear effects.
  • the use of increasingly complex algorithms can improve the spectral efficiency, the decrease in bandwidth gains is brought and the modest improvement can not meet the exponentially-growing bandwidth needs, and the spectral efficiency of DWDM in single-mode fibers will approach its theoretical limits.
  • a promising way to increase the capacity of each fiber is mode-division multiplexing, in which the corresponding multiple optical signal modes guided by fibers are provided. Based on this technology, it can be expected to have the potential to significantly increase the transmission capacity of each fiber, and to break through the limitation of nonlinearity of the DWDM-based system.
  • the few-mode fiber technology around the world is mainly concerned with the optimization of group delay of fibers, for example, Chinese Patent CN201280019895.2, in which a design of graded-index few-mode fiber for spatial multiplexing is disclosed.
  • the above technical solutions are all based on the germanium-doped core region for adjusting the distribution of refractive index of the fiber core region. As germanium-doped quartz has a higher scattering coefficient, a high fiber loss is generated.
  • the attenuation coefficient of germanium-doped graded-index few-mode fibers at 1550 nm is generally above 0.19 dB, and the attenuation coefficient also varies with the change of ambient temperature conditions, resulting in excessive loss which in turn leads to the increase of error codes in the communication system and the increase of relay costs.
  • short-distance transmission e.g. in fiber jumper applications
  • linear polarization modes that are undesired for transmission in fibers need to be dissipated rapidly by means of linear polarization modes, or they will bring about difficulties in signal resolution. Therefore, it becomes a difficult issue for giving consideration to both the low loss in long-distance transmission and the effective attenuation of undesired linear polarization modes in short-distance transmission.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a low-loss few-mode fiber, in which the transmission loss of optical signals of the linear polarization modes that are supported by the few-mode fiber is reduced, and the generation of error codes in communication systems and the relay cost are reduced; the loss of optical signals of the linear polarization modes that are not supported by the few-mode fiber are increased effectively, and undesired polarization mode optical signals can be filtered out quickly, facilitating the stability of transmission in fiber mode; the adjustment of differential group delay in the few-mode fiber can be achieved.
  • a low-loss few-mode fiber includes, from inside to outside, a core layer, a fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding, a fluorine-doped quartz second core layer, a fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding and a fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding;
  • the core layer is not doped with germanium element, the refractive index of the core layer is in gradient distribution, and the distribution is a power-exponent distribution;
  • the maximum value of difference in relative refractive index between the core layer and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 0.3% to 0.9%;
  • the relative refractive index difference of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding with respect to synthetic quartz is ⁇ 0.3% to ⁇ 0.5%;
  • the difference in relative refractive index between the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 0.05% to 0.2%;
  • the radius of the core layer is 10-17.4 ⁇ m
  • the radius of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 10.5-21.4 ⁇ m
  • the radius of the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer is 11-22.4 ⁇ m
  • the radius of the fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding is 20.5-40.0 ⁇ m
  • the radius of the fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding is 40.0-100.0 ⁇ m.
  • the radius of the core layer is 15.2 ⁇ m, and the power exponent of distribution is 1.98; the maximum value of difference in relative refractive index between the core layer and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 0.40%; the radius of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 19.2 ⁇ m, and the refractive index difference of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding with respect to synthetic quartz is ⁇ 0.30%; and the difference in relative refractive index between the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding is 0.05%.
  • the power exponent of distribution of the core layer is 1.9-2.05.
  • the power exponent of distribution of the core layer is 1.92-1.94.
  • the few-mode fiber supports optical signals of linear polarization modes LP01, LP02, LP11 and LP21, and the range of working wavelength of the fiber is 1550 nm ⁇ 25 nm.
  • the transmission loss of optical signals of the linear polarization modes supported by the few-mode fiber is less than 0.180 dB/km at 1550 nm wavelength.
  • the few-mode fiber does not support optical signals of other linear polarization modes than LP01,LP02,LP11 and LP21, and the cutoff wavelength of the optical signals in the other linear polarization modes is less than 1500 nm.
  • the loss per meter of optical signals in other linear polarization modes than LP01, LP02, LP11 and LP21 is greater than 20 dB.
  • the differential group delay of the few-mode fiber is less than 18 ps/km, and the fiber dispersion is less than 25 ps/(nm*km).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a low-loss few-mode fiber in an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of refractive index of the low-loss few-mode fiber in an embodiment of the invention.
  • 1 -core layer 1 -core layer; 2 -fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding; 3 -fluorine-doped quartz second core layer; 4 -fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding; 5 -fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ % [ n i 2 - n 0 2 2 ⁇ n i 2 ] ⁇ 100 ⁇ % ⁇ n i - n 0 n 0 ⁇ 100 ⁇ % n i and n 0 refer respectively to the refractive indexes of a corresponding portion and its adjacent outside cladding at 1550 nm wavelength;
  • n 2 ⁇ ( r ) n 1 2 ⁇ [ 1 - 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ( r a ) a ] ⁇ ⁇ r ⁇ a
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-loss few-mode fiber, including, from inside to outside, a core layer 1 , a fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 , a fluorine-doped quartz second core layer 3 , a fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding 4 and a fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding 5 .
  • the DGD (Differential Group Delay) of the few-mode fiber is less than 18 ps/km, and the fiber dispersion is less than 25 ps/(nm*km).
  • the few-mode fiber supports optical signals of linear polarization modes LP01, LP02, LP11 and LP21 (See Fiber Optics, Liu Deming, Pages 29-32), and the range of working wavelength of the fiber is 1550 nm ⁇ 25 nm.
  • the transmission loss of optical signals of the linear polarization modes that are supported by the few-mode fiber is less than 0.180 dB/km at 1550 nm wavelength.
  • the few-mode fiber does not support optical signals of other linear polarization modes than LP01, LP02, LP11 and LP21, and the cutoff wavelength of optical signals in the other linear polarization modes is less than 1500 nm.
  • the loss per meter of optical signals in other linear polarization modes than LP01, LP02, LP11 and LP21 is greater than 20 dB. Consequently, the loss of optical signals of the linear polarization modes that are not supported by the few-mode fiber is increased effectively, and undesired polarization mode optical signals can be filtered out quickly, facilitating the stability of transmission in fiber mode.
  • germanium element is not doped within the core layer 1 , the refractive index of the core layer 1 is in gradient distribution, and the distribution is a power-exponent distribution; the power exponent of distribution a of the core layer 1 is 1.9-2.05, and preferably, the power exponent of distribution a of the core layer 1 is 1.92-1.94.
  • the maximum value of difference in relative refractive index ( ⁇ 1% max ) between the core layer 1 and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 0.3% to 0.9%, and the radius R 1 of the core layer 1 is 10-17.4 ⁇ m.
  • the radius R 1 of the core layer 1 is 15.2 ⁇ m, and the power exponent of distribution ⁇ is 1.98; the maximum value of difference in relative refractive index ( ⁇ 1% max ) between the core layer 1 and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 0.40%;
  • the relative refractive index difference ( ⁇ a %) of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 with respect to synthetic quartz is ⁇ 0.3% to ⁇ 0.5%; the radius R 2 of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 10.5-21.4 ⁇ m; preferably, the radius R 2 of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 19.2 ⁇ m, and the refractive index difference ( ⁇ a %) of the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 with respect to synthetic quartz is ⁇ 0.30%.
  • the difference in relative refractive index ( ⁇ c %) between the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer 3 and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 0.05% to 0.2%; the radius R 3 of the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer 3 is 11-22.4 ⁇ m.
  • the difference in relative refractive index ( ⁇ c %) between the fluorine-doped quartz second core layer 3 and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is 0.05%.
  • the difference in relative refractive index ( ⁇ 2%) between the fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding 4 and the fluorine-doped quartz inner cladding 2 is ⁇ 0.1% to ⁇ 0.5%; the radius R 4 of the fluorine-doped quartz depressed cladding 4 is 20.5-40.0 ⁇ m.
  • the relative refractive index difference ( ⁇ b %) of the fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding 5 with respect to synthetic quartz is ⁇ 0.3% to ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the radius R 5 of the fluorine-doped quartz outer cladding 5 is 40.0-100.0 ⁇ m.
  • the low-loss few-mode fiber provided by the present invention has greatly reduced the attenuation coefficient (the loss of about 0.2 dB/km for the conventional few-mode fibers), and the fiber exhibits relatively good performances in impairing the linear polarization modes which it does not support.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
US15/317,102 2015-04-29 2015-11-03 Low-loss few-mode fiber Active US9739936B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510217081.5 2015-04-29
CN201510217081.5A CN104793285B (zh) 2015-04-29 2015-04-29 低损耗少模光纤
CN201510217081 2015-04-29
PCT/CN2015/093674 WO2016173232A1 (fr) 2015-04-29 2015-11-03 Fibre optique quasi-unimodale à faible perte

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US9739936B2 true US9739936B2 (en) 2017-08-22

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EP (1) EP3141938B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2017526960A (fr)
KR (1) KR101957612B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104793285B (fr)
CA (1) CA2954451C (fr)
ES (1) ES2748902T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016173232A1 (fr)

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CN105511015B (zh) * 2016-01-28 2018-10-30 国网江西省电力公司信息通信分公司 一种少模光纤
CN106597603B (zh) 2016-10-18 2019-12-31 国网江西省电力公司信息通信分公司 一种新型少模光纤
CN106712850A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-24 华中科技大学 一种基于循环模式转换器的差分模式群时延补偿系统
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CN108333674A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2018-07-27 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 一种阶跃型超低衰减六模光纤
CN108363139A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2018-08-03 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 一种阶跃型超低衰减两模光纤
CN108363141A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2018-08-03 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 一种阶跃型超低衰减四模光纤
CN111323871B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2025-06-17 中天科技精密材料有限公司 光纤及其制备方法
CN109725382B (zh) * 2019-03-07 2020-08-04 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 一种超低衰减低串扰弱耦合三阶oam光纤
CN110297288B (zh) * 2019-04-15 2020-12-29 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 一种低衰减阶跃型轨道角动量光纤
JP7136534B2 (ja) * 2019-05-07 2022-09-13 株式会社豊田中央研究所 光ファイバレーザ装置
EP3859412B1 (fr) * 2020-01-31 2023-11-08 Sterlite Technologies Limited Fibre optique à moindre mode
CN111381316B (zh) * 2020-04-22 2024-04-16 上海交通大学 弱耦合二十模式少模光纤及其实现方法
CN113740968A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-03 聊城大学 一种低损耗环芯少模复用器
CN111847869B (zh) * 2020-08-06 2023-03-28 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 一种超低损耗光纤
CN113189702A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-07-30 北京交通大学 一种用于降低差分模式群时延的少模光纤结构
CN117348148B (zh) * 2023-12-05 2024-03-22 中天科技精密材料有限公司 高带宽多模光纤

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EP3141938B1 (fr) 2019-07-31
WO2016173232A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
JP2017526960A (ja) 2017-09-14
ES2748902T3 (es) 2020-03-18
EP3141938A1 (fr) 2017-03-15
CN104793285A (zh) 2015-07-22
KR20170047217A (ko) 2017-05-04
CA2954451C (fr) 2019-04-30
CN104793285B (zh) 2018-01-02
CA2954451A1 (fr) 2016-11-03
US20170115450A1 (en) 2017-04-27
KR101957612B1 (ko) 2019-03-12

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