WO1982000073A1 - Light receiving circuit - Google Patents
Light receiving circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1982000073A1 WO1982000073A1 PCT/JP1981/000138 JP8100138W WO8200073A1 WO 1982000073 A1 WO1982000073 A1 WO 1982000073A1 JP 8100138 W JP8100138 W JP 8100138W WO 8200073 A1 WO8200073 A1 WO 8200073A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- output
- amplifier
- reference voltage
- comparing means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/693—Arrangements for optimizing the preamplifier in the receiver
- H04B10/6931—Automatic gain control of the preamplifier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3084—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in receivers or transmitters for electromagnetic waves other than radiowaves, e.g. lightwaves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/691—Arrangements for optimizing the photodetector in the receiver
- H04B10/6911—Photodiode bias control, e.g. for compensating temperature variations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical receiving circuit used for a repeater, a terminal station, and the like in an optical communication system.
- a plurality of repeaters are used to transmit an optical signal to a remote terminal station.
- This repeater converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal, performs waveform equalization and shaping, and then converts it into an optical signal and transmits it again.
- the terminal station performs processing such as demodulation after converting the received optical signal into an electric signal.
- FIG. 1 shows a commonly used optical receiver circuit that performs automatic gain control.
- 11 is an optical signal
- 12 is an avalanche photo diode (APD)
- 13 is an amplifier
- 14 is a level detector
- 15 is an output.
- Terminals 16 are AGC circuits.
- ⁇ . ⁇ IFO ' M of 1 2 is set to 1/2.
- M of APD is fixed and the gain of amplifier 13 is controlled.
- FIGS. 2 (1) to (3) show the relationship between the optical input level P, the APD M, and the amplifier gain G in the formats (a) to (c).
- the solid line represents M
- the ⁇ line represents G
- the alternate long and short dash line represents the optimum value of M, which will be described later.
- 11 is? 0 indicates the minimum value of the usable multiplication factor. O At M min, the response speed of the APD is extremely slow due to the increase in the capacity component.]] 3 Practically unusable.
- the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the output signal of the amplifier 13 is basically given by the following equation.
- Ns APD shot noise current power at unit light input (when M-1)
- Nth Input equivalent noise current of the next-stage amplifier of APD
- X Ns ⁇ Take. Normally, X takes a value between 0.3 and L.
- the gain G of the amplifier is automatically determined according to Mo from the condition that the output of the amplifier is kept constant, and this is optimal.
- M for making the electric signal a certain level and the above Mo
- the SNR is degraded by simply making the electric signal level constant.
- FIG. 3 (1), (2) and (3) The figure shows the relationship between the optical input pair SNR corresponding to the formats (a), (b) and (c).
- solid line 31 indicates ideal values
- broken lines 32, 33, and 34 indicate values according to types (a), (b), and (c), respectively.
- the purpose of the present invention is to take into account the above-mentioned problems of the conventional circuit, and to linearly approximate the optimal values corresponding to the optical input of M and the amplifier gain for optimizing the SNR. Based on the idea, an optical receiver that can secure the optical input dynamic range without significantly degrading from the optimal SNR, without increasing the required variable gain width of the amplifier, To get a communication circuit.
- the purpose of the above is to convert the avalanche-photodiode multiplication factor, which converts optical signals into electrical signals, and the output of the avalanche-photodiode. Automatic gain control of the amplifying amplifier. In the optical receiver circuit that keeps the output of the amplifier constant, the gain control terminal of the avalanche photodiode is used.
- First comparing means for comparing the voltage proportional to the voltage with the first reference voltage, the output of the amplifier and the second reference voltage 3 ⁇ 4the second comparing means for comparing, the reference voltage of 3 and the amplifier
- Third comparing means for comparing the control voltages for automatic gain control, a high-voltage generating circuit for supplying an output to a multiplication factor control terminal of the avalanche photodiode, and the high-voltage generating circuit.
- a switching device for selectively switching the outputs of the first and second comparators is provided; The output of the comparator means connected to said switching device, said
- the output of the switching device is connected to the input of the voltage generating circuit, the output of the second comparing means is connected to the automatic gain control S control voltage input terminal, and the output of the third comparing means is connected to the first D, and the gain control terminal of the avalanche photo diode is connected to the gain control terminal of the afore-mentioned reference signal E so that the optimum signal to noise ratio is satisfied.
- a voltage output that gives a multiplication factor that approximates the multiplication factor of the photodiode is a linear approximation, and the control voltage input terminal for automatic gain control is connected to the multiplication device according to the multiplication factor.
- the optical receiving circuit is characterized by the fact that a voltage output such that the output voltage of the output is constant can be obtained! Achieved.
- FIG. 1 shows the optical receiving circuit-block diagram for explanation.
- Fig. 2 shows the optical input versus M of the APD and the gain G of the amplifier for each type of conventional optical receiving circuit.
- Fig. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between optical input and SNR for each type in Fig. 2
- Fig. 4 is a value of M in the type (b) of the conventional optical receiver circuit. ⁇ Characteristic diagram showing the relationship between optical input and SNR, M, and G when used as described above.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an optical receiving circuit as one embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows the characteristics of each part of the circuit in Fig. 5 for the optical input of M and G, and Fig. 7 shows the characteristics of the SNR, ⁇ and G to be controlled and the optical input of the optical input.
- Fig. 8 shows the relationship between VAPD and M in APD-Fig. 9 shows the V AGC of the amplifier
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical signal 11 is applied to the APD 12, and the APD output is amplified by the amplifier 13 and output to the output terminal 15.
- the output of the amplifier 13 is branched and connected to the level detector 14, and the output voltage V of the level detector 14 is supplied to the inverting input of the second comparator 52 from the differential amplifier. Connected.
- the second reference voltage Vrei 2 is applied to the non-inverting input of the second comparator 52.
- Dekaden V 2 of the comparator 5 of the second supplies connected AGC control voltage VAGC to via a resistor 5 8 to the control terminal input of the AGC amplifier 1 3.
- Output voltage VAPD the high-voltage generating circuit 5 4 is inputted to APD 1 2, simultaneous VAPD resistor 5 6 Ru divided differential amplifier or al Ru preparative voltage V 6 by through the first comparator 5 1 inversion Applied to input.
- the non-inverting input of the first comparator 51 is connected to the first
- V 4 obtained by partial pressure reference voltage Vrefj is Ru is applied.
- the output of the first comparator 51 is input to the high-voltage generating circuit 54 through the digestion device by the diode 55.
- the voltage VAGC is supplied to the non-inverting input of the third comparator 53 composed of a differential amplifier, and the third reference voltage E Vref 3 is applied to the anti-tilting input.
- the output voltage V 5 of the third comparator .5 3 first reference voltage Vref! And together determine the voltage V 4 0
- the first reference voltage Vref voltage V 8 obtained by dividing the electric E VAPD minute! Voltage VAPD until reaching the voltage V 4 obtained by 3 ⁇ 4 partial pressure decreases.
- the light input and conducts die O over de 5 5 positive voltage is output to the output of the first comparator 5 1 'us conductive V 6 is the voltage V 4 at the time of P 2, the first comparison A loop of the heater 51 and the high-pressure generating circuit 54 is formed, and the VAPD is kept constant. Therefore, the value of M is also constant.
- the electric EV 2 is positive until the light input of p in FIG.
- M the value of M
- VAGC will further decrease, and the gain G will decrease.
- the gain G than small and a gain of 1 minute comparison to the comparator 5 3 the change of the force M that a lower than decreases is VAGC, the convenience constant value It is illustrated.
- FIG. 7 the optimum values for the optical input of SNR, M, and G are shown by actual values 7 71, 733, and 75, respectively.
- FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between VAPD and M of APD 12
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing V AGC versus amplifier.
- 13 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the gains G of FIG.
- the figure shows the input voltage V 7 of the high-voltage generation circuit 54 vs. the output voltage.
- the multiplication factor M of the APD is approximated to the optimum value Mo by a polygonal line approximation having three refraction points (G is automatically changed to the imaginary state). Approximately.) As shown in the circuit of Fig. 11, multiple third comparators are added in parallel, and the reference voltage corresponding to the third reference voltage E is set to another value. As shown in FIG. 11, it is possible to obtain a modification of the embodiment that can further approximate the optimum SNR.
- comparators 53 — 1 and 53 1 2 to 53 — n are juxtaposed to comparator 53, and the reference voltage Vref 4 Vrefs to Vref n 3 ⁇ 4 is input to each inverting input, and VAGC is input to the non-inverting input. 3 ⁇ 4 Input.
- Vref 4 Vrefs to Vref n 3 ⁇ 4 is input to each inverting input
- VAGC is input to the non-inverting input. 3 ⁇ 4 Input.
- Vref 3 Vref 4
- Vref 5 Vref n door Ru
- H 3 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- R 4 the magnitude relationship of the resistance H 3
- wipo Also decreases until the output voltage V 5- ! Is saturated.
- ⁇ keeps a constant value until the voltage VAGC becomes lower than the reference voltage Vi: ef 5 by J3 after the output voltage saturates, and then decreases in the same manner as described above.
- the dashed line indicates the optimum value.
- FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
- the circuit in the figure has the same function as the circuit in Fig. 5. 5 is different from FIG. 5 in that the comparator 52, the diode 55, and the resistor 59 are deleted, and the output of the high-voltage generating circuit 54 is connected to the reference power supply Vref via the die D. ! Oh Ru in the connection was a call to resistance H 2 connected to.
- the simplicity of the configuration makes it possible to prevent the optimum SNR from deteriorating greatly and without increasing the required variable gain width of the amplifier.
- Increasing the input dynamic range can provide a Kakura optical receiver circuit.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8181901676T DE3170387D1 (en) | 1980-06-25 | 1981-06-15 | Light receiving circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP80/85246800625 | 1980-06-25 | ||
| JP55085246A JPS5911215B2 (ja) | 1980-06-25 | 1980-06-25 | 光受信回路 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1982000073A1 true WO1982000073A1 (en) | 1982-01-07 |
Family
ID=13853203
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1981/000138 Ceased WO1982000073A1 (en) | 1980-06-25 | 1981-06-15 | Light receiving circuit |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4495410A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0054571B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPS5911215B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR840002284B1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE3170387D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1982000073A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60146539A (ja) * | 1984-01-10 | 1985-08-02 | Nec Corp | 光受信器 |
| US4688268A (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1987-08-18 | Chevron Research Company | Fiber optic receiver having a combined baseline clamp and automatic gain control detector |
| US4679252A (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1987-07-07 | Chevron Research Company | Fiber optic receiver having a method and an apparatus for data clock extraction |
| JPS61177832A (ja) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-08-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 光受信装置の自動利得制御方式 |
| JPS6313534A (ja) * | 1986-07-05 | 1988-01-20 | Nec Corp | バイアス電圧制御回路 |
| DE3870493D1 (de) * | 1987-03-17 | 1992-06-04 | Siemens Ag | Regelung des multiplikationsfaktors von lawinenphotodioden in optischen empfaengern. |
| JPS6450112A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-27 | Nec Corp | Dc/dc converting circuit |
| EP0313914B1 (de) * | 1987-10-26 | 1993-03-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltungsanordnung mit einem an einen opto-elektrischen Wandler angeschlossenen Vorverstärker |
| JPH01186168A (ja) * | 1988-01-20 | 1989-07-25 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 受光用高圧発生回路 |
| JPH02113640A (ja) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Toshiba Corp | 自動利得制御装置 |
| JPH02209029A (ja) * | 1989-02-09 | 1990-08-20 | Toshiba Corp | 自動利得制御装置 |
| JP2713224B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-01 | 1998-02-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光受信器 |
| US5929982A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-07-27 | Tektronix, Inc. | Active APD gain control for an optical receiver |
| US6188059B1 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 2001-02-13 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Photocurrent monitor circuit and optical receiver |
| US6313459B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2001-11-06 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method for calibrating and operating an uncooled avalanche photodiode optical receiver |
| US20050224697A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-13 | Naoki Nishiyama | Light-receiving circuit capable of expanding a dynamic range of an optical input |
| CN100568749C (zh) * | 2004-08-18 | 2009-12-09 | 罗姆股份有限公司 | 判别电路、信号处理电路和电子装置 |
| US9780743B2 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-10-03 | Google Inc. | Light sensor readout system and method of converting light into electrical signals |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1590826A (en) * | 1976-09-21 | 1981-06-10 | Post Office | Level stabilisers |
| JPS5358748A (en) * | 1976-11-08 | 1978-05-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Light receiving amplifier |
| JPS6028422B2 (ja) * | 1977-01-21 | 1985-07-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 光受信系の制御方式 |
| US4236069A (en) * | 1978-10-16 | 1980-11-25 | Varo, Inc. | Avalanche photodiode gain control system |
| US4399416A (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1983-08-16 | Texaco Development Corporation | Floating point amplifier |
-
1980
- 1980-06-25 JP JP55085246A patent/JPS5911215B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-06-11 KR KR1019810002102A patent/KR840002284B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-06-15 US US06/349,090 patent/US4495410A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-06-15 DE DE8181901676T patent/DE3170387D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-06-15 EP EP81901676A patent/EP0054571B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-15 WO PCT/JP1981/000138 patent/WO1982000073A1/ja not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Bell System Technical Journal, July-August 1978 p 1838-1844 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5711548A (en) | 1982-01-21 |
| EP0054571B1 (en) | 1985-05-08 |
| EP0054571A1 (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| EP0054571A4 (en) | 1982-11-25 |
| KR830007003A (ko) | 1983-10-12 |
| US4495410A (en) | 1985-01-22 |
| JPS5911215B2 (ja) | 1984-03-14 |
| KR840002284B1 (ko) | 1984-12-14 |
| DE3170387D1 (en) | 1985-06-13 |
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