WO1984003506A1 - Sequences d'acides amines antigeniquement actives - Google Patents

Sequences d'acides amines antigeniquement actives Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984003506A1
WO1984003506A1 PCT/AU1984/000038 AU8400038W WO8403506A1 WO 1984003506 A1 WO1984003506 A1 WO 1984003506A1 AU 8400038 W AU8400038 W AU 8400038W WO 8403506 A1 WO8403506 A1 WO 8403506A1
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sequences
replaced
amino acid
peptide
foot
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PCT/AU1984/000038
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English (en)
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Hendrik Mario Geysen
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CSL Ltd
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Commonwealth Serum Laboratories
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Priority to DE8484900954T priority Critical patent/DE3485972T2/de
Priority to AT84900954T priority patent/ATE82018T1/de
Priority claimed from AU25428/84A external-priority patent/AU573574B2/en
Publication of WO1984003506A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984003506A1/fr
Priority to NO844295A priority patent/NO167745C/no
Priority to DK532184A priority patent/DK171118B1/da
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
    • C12N2770/00011—Details
    • C12N2770/32011—Picornaviridae
    • C12N2770/32111—Aphthovirus, e.g. footandmouth disease virus
    • C12N2770/32122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
    • C12N2770/00011—Details
    • C12N2770/32011—Picornaviridae
    • C12N2770/32111—Aphthovirus, e.g. footandmouth disease virus
    • C12N2770/32134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the identification and chemical synthesis of peptides (or amino acid sequences) which constitute the immunogenic determinant (s) of an immunologically important coat protein, VP1, of foot-and-mouth disease virus, and to the use of these peptides for example, in the production of vaccines and diagnostic reagents.
  • immunogenic determinant(s) for biologically important proteins is regarded as being of particular importance since, once these determinants have been identified, they can be simply and economically synthesised so as to provide the desired peptide sequences for use in vaccines which will have a high degree of specificity, and which will avoid any undesired effects from unnecessary amino acid or peptide sequences which might still be present in, for example, sub-unit type vaccines.
  • the immunogenicity of a polypeptide can be defined as the immune response directed against a limited number of immunogenic determinants, which are confined to a few loci on the polypeptide molecule, (see Crumpton, M.J., in The Antigens (ed. Sela, M., Academic Press, New York, 1974); Benjamini, E. et al. , Curr. Topics Microbiol. Immunol. 58, 85-135 (1972); and Atassi, M.Z., Immunochemistry 12, 423-438 (1975).) Antisera prepared against chemically synthesized peptides corresponding to short linear stretches of the polypeptide sequence have been shown to react well with the whole polypeptide, (see Green, N. et al., Cell 28, 477-487 (1982); Bittle, J.L. et al.. Nature 298, 30-33 (1982); Dreesman et al.,
  • a determinant can consist of a single sequence, (continuous), or of several sequences (discontinuous) brought together from linearly distant regions of the polypeptide chain by the folding of that chain as it exists in the native state, (see Atassi, M.Z., Immunochemistry 15, 909-936 (1978).).
  • the size of a contributing element can then vary between one and the maximum number of amino acids consistent with the dimensions of the antibody combining site, and is likely to be of the order of five to six, (see Atassi, M.Z., supra). Any systematic mapping of all the detectable antigenic elements of a polypeptide by the chemical synthesis of overlapping segments and measurement of their subsequent reactivity with antisera prepared against the native protein has until now been severely limited by the scale of the synthetic and testing capability required, (see
  • the FMD virus which belongs to the aphthovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae, consists of an ordered aggregation of structurally independent sub-units surrounding a molecule of infectious single-stranded RNA. Under relatively mild conditions the whole particle readily dis-aggregates to give the naked RNA, 60 copies of the VP4 polypeptide, and 12 sub-units consisting of an ordered arrangement of five copies of each of the polypeptides, VP1, VP2 and VP3. Each of these structural sub-units can be further disrupted to yield the isolated component proteins.
  • the VP1 protein of FMD virus has been shown to be an immunologically important coat protein of the virus.
  • a preferred method for solid-phase synthesis according to the present invention comprises the use of a polymeric material such as polyethylene or polypropylene as the solid-phase carrier, onto which is graft polymerised a vinyl monomer containing at least one functional group to produce polymeric chains on the carrier.
  • the functional groups of these polymeric chains are then reacted to provide primary or secondary amino groups of the chains, and these amino groups are then sequentially reacted with amino acid residues in appropriate order so as to build up a desired synthetic peptide.
  • the carrier is preferably in the form of a solid polymer rod having a diameter of about 4mm and a length of about 50mm. A number of such rods can be held in a suitable holder in a 12 x 8 grid whose dimensions correspond to those of the standard microtitre plate used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
  • the present invention provides a synthetic peptide which displays the antigenicity of the VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus, characterised in that at least a portion of said peptide is selected from the group consisting of five-, six- or seven-long antigenically active amino acid sequences of said VP1 protein, and antigenically active modified sequences (as hereinafter defined) thereof.
  • a synthetic peptide which displays the antigenicity of the VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus, Type O 1 , characterised in that at least a portion of said peptide is selected from amino acid sequences of the group consisting of:
  • a synthetic peptide which displays the antigenicity of the VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus, type A 10 (A 61 ), characterised in that at least a portion of said peptide is selected from amino acid sequences of the group consisting of:
  • a synthetic peptide which displays the antigenicity of the VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus, type C1, characterised in that at least a portion of said peptide is selected from amino acid sequences of the group consisting of:
  • antigenically active modified sequences is used to describe sequences of amino acids which are based on any one of sequences (i) to (iv) of the first, second or third aspects of the invention as described above, but in which one of the amino acids in the said sequence is replaced by another amino acid to provide a modified sequence which is antigenically active.
  • Antigenically active modified sequences in accordance with the first aspect of this invention include hexapeptide sequences based on the formula:
  • G at position (1) is replaced by A, H, I, K, M,
  • N, P, Q, S or T or D at position (2) is replaced by A, C, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V or Y; or
  • N, S or R; or V at position (5) is replaced by A, D, E, F, I, K, L, M, N, Q, R, S, T or Y.
  • Antigenically active modified sequences in accordance with the second aspect of this invention include hexapeptide sequences based on the formula:
  • G at position (1) is replaced by A, C, D, E, F, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W or Y; or D at position (2) is replaced by L; or
  • I at position (6) is replaced by A, C, D, E, F, K, L, M, Q, R, S, T, V, W or Y.
  • Antigenically active modified sequences in accordance with the third aspect of this invention include hexapeptide sequences based on the formula:
  • D at position (1) is replaced by H or V;
  • H at position (4) is replaced by A, C, D, E, F,
  • the peptides of the present invention are characterised in that at least a portion of the peptide contains an amino acid sequence selected from the groups (i) to (v) described above. Tests which have been carried out, particularly utilising the ELISA technique, have established the activity of these amino acid sequences by their reactivity with antisera. It should be noted, however, that whilst the synthetic peptides of this invention may comprise sequences which are only 5, 6 or 7 amino acids long, the present invention also extends to synthetic peptides in which one or more additional amino acids are included on either or both ends of the defined sequence, that is either on the carboxyl (-COOH) end or on the amino (-NH 2 ) end or both. While such additional amino acids may not play any direct role in enhancing the immunogenic activity of the defined amino acid sequence, they may act, for example, as spacer amino acids to space the antigenically active amino acid sequence from the free carboxyl and/or free amino ends of the sequence.
  • the modified sequences in accordance with this invention have been similarly synthesised and tested utilising the ELISA technique. As previously described, each of these modified sequences was derived by replacing one amino acid in the original sequence by another amino acid.
  • the peptides of the present invention can be chemically synthesized from their constituent amino acids. This synthesis may be carried out, for example, by the Merrifield solid-phase method, as described in J.A.C.S. 85: 2149-2154 (1963). In the Merrifield solid-phase method, the C-terminal amino acid is attached to chloromethylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer beads. Each subsequent amino acid, with a suitable protecting group if necessary, is then added sequentially to the growing chain. As described in the Merrifield article, the protective group may be, for example, a t-butyloxycarbonyl or carbobenzoxy group.
  • the desired amino acid sequence and chain length can be produced.
  • the protective group is removed from N-terminal amino acid, and the C-terminal amino acid is cleaved from the supporting beads, using a suitable reagent such as trifluoroacetic acid and hydrogen bromide.
  • the synthesis can be carried out by the solid-phase method, in which the synthetic peptide structure is built up on a solid-phase carrier which comprises a polymeric material, for example a polyethylene rod or pin, having a vinyl monomer graft polymerised thereto, for example by ⁇ -radiation of acrylic acid, acrylonitrile or acrylamide monomers.
  • a mono- protected biamine such as lysine or lysine-alanine is then reacted with the polymeric chain formed on the solid-phase carrier and the synthetic peptide then built up by sequential reaction of amino acids in the same manner as in the Merrifield method described above.
  • the final step in both the methods referred to above is the removal of the synthetic peptide from the solid-phase carrier or support by a cleaving reaction using a suitable reagent
  • a suitable reagent for some uses of the peptides of the present invention it is convenient if not essential for the chemically synthesized peptides to be used in the form of a product in which the peptide is coupled or linked to a solid-phase carrier or support.
  • the final cleaving step is omitted.
  • Such antigenically active, chemically synthesized peptides which are immobilised on a solid-phase carrier or support are of particular utility in the performance of immunochemical assays, such as enzyme immunoassays (EIA).
  • the immunogenic synthetic peptides of the present invention may provide the basis upon which the formation of synthetic vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease virus can be developed.
  • Such synthetic vaccines would have particular merit insofar as they could be manufactured so as to be free of amino acid sequences corresponding to the entire amino acid sequences of the viral protein, and also free of biologically produced materials and of active or inactivated viral residues.
  • the use of synthetic peptides as the basis for vaccines is discussed, for example, by Beale, J. in Nature 298 14-15 (1982), and by Sutcliffe, J.G. et al in Science, 219, 660-666 (1982).
  • the synthetic peptides of the present invention could be used either alone, in combination, and/or in association with a physiologically acceptable carrier and/or adjuvant.
  • the synthetic peptides of the present invention also have potential for use in a number of other applications in the immunological field, including use in diagnostic and other immunological testing procedures, particularly in immunochemical assays such as enzyme immunoassays.
  • N ⁇ -t-Butyloxycarbonyl-L-Lysine methyl ester was coupled to the polyethylene polyacrylic acid (PPA) via the N -amino group of the side-chain. This was followed by the coupling of Boc-Alanine, to complete a peptide-like spacer. Amino-substitution of the support was determined by reacting NH 2 -Lysine(OMe)-PPA with C 14 labelled butyric acid, and was found to be 8-10 nmoles/rod.
  • side-chain protecting groups were used; O-benzyl for threonine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and tyrosine; carbobenzoxy for lysine; tosyl for arginine; 4-methyl benzyl for cysteine and 1-benzyloxycarbonylamido-2,2,2,-trifluoroethyl for histidine.
  • Side-chain deprotection was achieved by treatment with borontris (trifluoracetate) in trifluoroacetic acid for 90 minutes at room temperature (see Pless, J., Bauer, W., Angewante Chemie 85, 142 (1973)).
  • the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test each rod-coupled peptide (RCP) for reactivity with each of the defined antisera described above.
  • RCPs were pre-coated with 10% horse serum, 10% ovalbumin and 1% Tween-80 in PBS, to block non-specific absorption of antibodies, for 1 hour at 37°C. Overnight incubation at 4°C in antiserum diluted 1/40 in the preincubation mixture, was followed by 3 washes in 0.05% Tween-80/PBS. Reaction for 1 hour at 37°C with the appropriate anti-rabbit
  • IgG immunoglobulin coupled to horse radish peroxidase was again followed by extensive washing in PBS/Tween to remove excess conjugate.
  • the presence of antibody was detected by reaction for 45 min with a developing solution (40 mg orthophenylenediamine, 20 ⁇ l of hydrogen peroxide in 100 ml of phosphate buffer, pH 5.0), and the colour produced read in a Titertek Multiscan at 420 nm.
  • peptides were washed three times at 37°C in 8M urea containing 0.1% 2-mercaptoethanol and 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate, followed by several washes in PBS to remove all traces of bound antibody. The RCPs were then ready for further testing with different antisera.
  • Anti-intact virus particle sera were prepared by immunising rabbits with 50 ⁇ g of inactivated, purified virus in complete Freund's adjuvant. The animals were bled 3-4 weeks after the single vaccination. Anti-virus-subunit serum (rabbit) was prepared by immunizing 3 times, 3-4 weeks apart, with 10 ⁇ g of acid-disrupted purified virus, initially in complete Freund's and subsequently in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The polypeptide VP1 was separated from the mixture of proteins obtained from urea disrupted, purified virus, by iso-electric focusing. (see
  • scans (a) and (b) show the extremes in the reactivity patterns found. Large quantitative differences in the response to an identical antigen preparation have been reported before, however, these scans highlight the variability possible in the antibody composition between sera. From an examination of scans (a), (b) and (c), antibody reactive with peptides numbers 146 and 147 are present in whole anti-intact virus sera, but absent after absorption with purified virus. These same antibodies are not observed in the anti-subunit sera, scan (d), and only weakly present in the anti-VP1 sera, scan (e).
  • the active element is five amino acids long, i.e. the sequence common to both Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu (D - L Q - V - L); or two, that the active element is seven amino acids long, i.e. the combination of the two hexapeptides Gly-Asp-Leu-Gln-Val-Leu-Ala (G - D - L Q - V - L - A).
  • Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile (G - D - L - G - S - I) and Asp-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ala (D - L - G - S - I - A) are the principal loci for the antigenic determinant of the A-type of FMDV.
  • Example 1 The synthesis method of Example 1 was used to synthesize 120 hexapeptides, each consisting of five original amino acids of the antigenic hexapeptide G D - L - Q - V- L (type O 1 ), the other amino acid being systematically replaced with each of the 20 possible naturally occurring genetically coded amino acids. This replacement was performed at each of the six positions in the peptide in turn.
  • the 120 peptides comprised six copies of the original sequence and 114 variations of the original sequence, each of the 114 variations differing in only one amino acid from the original sequence. This strategy is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig.5.
  • Every group of twenty lines corresponds to the complete replacement set for one of the six N-terminal residue positions in the hexapeptide G D - L - Q - V - L. It can be seen that the amino acids at certain positions in the sequence can be readily replaced without loss of antigenicity, whereas other positions cannot accept replacement without partial or complete loss of antigenicity. Those peptides containing replacements which result in retained antigenicity are candidates for use in vaccine manufacture.
  • the selected antigenic peptides of each of the three FMDV types were synthesized with a variety of linking amino acids at the N-terminal end and with the linking amino acid lysine at the C-terminal end.
  • the amino acids in the links do not occur in those positions in the native sequences.
  • the synthesized peptides were coupled to a protein carrier and combined with an adjuvant for the purpose of animal immunisation.
  • the carrier was keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and the adjuvant was either an oil adjuvant or aluminium hydroxide gel.
  • Table 2 gives the results of serological tests on immunised rabbits. It shows that in each case the rabbit produced a significant amount of antibody able to react with FMDV and able to neutralise the infectivity of FMDV.
  • a protection test was carried out using guinea pigs as a model, since guinea pigs are susceptible to infection with FMDV.
  • the peptide used for immunisation was C - G - D - L - Q - V - L - A - K, which is made up of the heptapeptide G - D - L - Q V - L - A from FMDV type O 1 (residues 146-152), a cysteine linker at the N-terminal end and a lysine linker at the C-terminal end.
  • the peptide was coupled to KLH using maleimidobenzoyl N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, which links the peptide to the KLH via the cysteine side chain.
  • the KLH-peptide conjugate was then absorbed to an aluminium hydroxide gel and used to vaccinate the guinea pigs at a dose of 100 ⁇ g peptide per animal.
  • An unvaccinated group of guinea pigs served as controls. The animals were challenged 21 days after the single vaccination.
  • Fig.2 An example of the application of the present invention for diagnostic use is drawn from Fig.2. This shows that ELISA testing using support-coupled peptides (SCPs) is an extremely strain-specific tool for detecting FMDV antibodies.
  • SCPs support-coupled peptides
  • Whole antisera to FMDV type O 1 reacted with hexapeptides 146, 147 and 206 derived from the FMDV type O 1 sequence, whereas antiserum to type C 1 did not react at all.
  • Control testing on the antiserum to FMDV type C 1 showed that, likewise, specific reaction only occurred with peptides derived from the C 1 sequence.
  • Testing of the SCPs with other non-FMDV-specific control sera, and hyperimmune sera to other FMDV types has also shown that no reaction occurs.

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Abstract

Peptide synthétique possédant le caractère d'antigène de la protéine VP1 du virus de la fièvre aphteuse, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une partie dudit peptide est choisie dans le groupe formé par les séquences d'acides aminés antigéniquement actives de ladite protéine VP1, qui sont longues de 5, 6 ou 7 éléments, et ses séquences modifiées antigéniquement actives.
PCT/AU1984/000038 1983-03-08 1984-03-08 Sequences d'acides amines antigeniquement actives Ceased WO1984003506A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8484900954T DE3485972T2 (de) 1983-03-08 1984-03-08 Antigen aktive aminosaeuresequenzen.
AT84900954T ATE82018T1 (de) 1983-03-08 1984-03-08 Antigen aktive aminosaeuresequenzen.
NO844295A NO167745C (no) 1983-03-08 1984-10-29 Analogifremgangsmaate for fremstilling av terpeutisk aktive syntetiske peptider.
DK532184A DK171118B1 (da) 1983-03-08 1984-11-08 Syntetisk peptid udvisende den for VP1-proteinet fra mund-og-klovsygevirussen karakteristiske antigenicitet, vaccine samt diagnostisk testsystem omfattende samme

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPF834783 1983-03-08
AU25428/84A AU573574B2 (en) 1983-03-08 1984-03-08 Immunogenic deteminants of foot and mouth disease virus

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Cited By (111)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0138855A4 (fr) * 1983-03-08 1986-02-10 Commw Serum Lab Commission Procede de determination de sequences d'acides amines antigeniquement actives.
US4599231A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-07-08 Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation Synthetic hepatitis B virus vaccine including both T cell and B cell determinants
US4599230A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-07-08 Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation Synthetic hepatitis B virus vaccine including both T cell and B cell determinants
WO1986006487A1 (fr) 1985-04-22 1986-11-06 Commonwealth Serum Laboratories Commission Methode de determination de mimotopes
FR2591227A1 (fr) * 1985-12-06 1987-06-12 Pasteur Institut Peptides capables d'inhiber les interactions entre les virus lav et les lymphocytes t4, produits qui en sont derives et leurs applications
EP0114759A3 (fr) * 1983-01-24 1987-09-02 Bruce Heywood Nicholson Séquences d'amino acides et polypeptides contenant ces séquences et ayant la spécificité pour la stomatite aphteuse et autres agents viraux
FR2600335A1 (fr) * 1986-06-19 1987-12-24 Pasteur Institut Procede d'analyse des sequences peptidiques immunogenes portant un epitope caracteristique d'une proteine etrangere a l'organisme d'un hote vivant, en vue de la production de vaccins
EP0180564A3 (en) * 1984-11-01 1988-06-01 Bror Morein Immunogenic complex, a method for producing the same, and the use thereof as an immune stimulant, vaccines and reagents
FR2631451A1 (fr) * 1988-05-13 1989-11-17 Inst Nat Sante Rech Med Procede de caracterisation de l'epitope intervenant dans une reaction antigene anticorps, kit ou necessaire pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
US5063150A (en) * 1984-09-19 1991-11-05 The Regents Of The University Of California Retroviral polypeptides associated with human cellular transformation
US5286789A (en) * 1989-05-26 1994-02-15 Applied Immune Sciences, Inc. Solid phase multiple peptide synthesis
WO1993018054A3 (fr) * 1992-03-06 1994-02-17 Innogenetics Nv Procede de determination de peptides correspondant a des epitopes importants d'un point de vue immunologique, et leur utilisation dans un procede de determination d'anticorps ou de peptides biotinyles correspondant a ces epitopes, procede pour leur preparation et compositions les contenant
US5504190A (en) * 1990-11-21 1996-04-02 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Equimolar multiple oligomer mixtures, especially oligopeptide mixtures
US5582997A (en) * 1994-08-24 1996-12-10 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Lysine/leucine polypeptides, mixture sets and libraries thereof
US5593679A (en) * 1987-10-26 1997-01-14 Akzo Nobel N.V. Poultry vaccine against E. coli air sac inflammation and septicaemia
US5645996A (en) * 1994-08-24 1997-07-08 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Melittin-related polypeptides, mixture sets and libraries thereof
US5763193A (en) * 1993-06-17 1998-06-09 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Peralkylated oligopeptide mixtures
US5846731A (en) * 1993-06-17 1998-12-08 Torry Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Peralkylated oligopeptide mixtures
US5866363A (en) * 1985-08-28 1999-02-02 Pieczenik; George Method and means for sorting and identifying biological information
US6197529B1 (en) 1990-11-21 2001-03-06 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Linear substituted oligoalkyleneimine libraries
US6287787B1 (en) 1993-11-24 2001-09-11 Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies Dimeric oligopeptide mixture sets
US6579682B1 (en) 1998-03-10 2003-06-17 The Regents Of University Of California Methods and tools for identifying compounds which modulate atherosclerosis by impacting LDL-proteoglycan binding
WO2003066672A1 (fr) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-14 Nakoshi, Hideo Peptides
US6649735B1 (en) 1992-03-06 2003-11-18 N.V. Innogenetics S.A. Process for the determination of peptides corresponding to immunologically important epitopes and their use in a process for determination of antibodies or biotinylated peptides corresponding to immunologically important epitopes, a process for preparing them and compositions containing them
US6709828B1 (en) 1992-03-06 2004-03-23 N.V. Innogenetics S.A. Process for the determination of peptides corresponding to immunologically important epitopes and their use in a process for determination of antibodies or biotinylated peptides corresponding to immunologically important epitopes, a process for preparing them and compositions containing them
US6867189B2 (en) 2001-07-26 2005-03-15 Genset S.A. Use of adipsin/complement factor D in the treatment of metabolic related disorders
WO2007126439A2 (fr) 2005-12-02 2007-11-08 Genentech, Inc. Compositions et méthodes de traitement de maladies et troubles associés é la signalisation de la cytokine
WO2008021290A2 (fr) 2006-08-09 2008-02-21 Homestead Clinical Corporation Protéines spécifiques d'organes et procédés d'utilisation
WO2008067223A2 (fr) 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Genentech, Inc. Polypeptides hétérologues d'il-17a/f et leurs utilisations thérapeutiques
WO2008103962A2 (fr) 2007-02-22 2008-08-28 Genentech, Inc. Méthode de détection d'une maladie intestinale inflammatoire
EP1992643A2 (fr) 2001-06-20 2008-11-19 Genentech, Inc. Compositions et procédés pour le traitement et le diagnostic d'une tumeur
EP1995321A2 (fr) 2005-08-15 2008-11-26 Genentech, Inc. Nouvelle dislocation de gènes, compositions et procédés correspondants
EP2002714A1 (fr) 2005-11-21 2008-12-17 Genentech, Inc. Nouvelles ruptures génétiques, compositions et procédés associés à celles-ci
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