WO1987002285A1 - Procede et appareil de coulee en continu d'une feuille de metal - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de coulee en continu d'une feuille de metal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987002285A1
WO1987002285A1 PCT/US1986/002134 US8602134W WO8702285A1 WO 1987002285 A1 WO1987002285 A1 WO 1987002285A1 US 8602134 W US8602134 W US 8602134W WO 8702285 A1 WO8702285 A1 WO 8702285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molten metal
casting
strand
jet
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1986/002134
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles F. Vaught
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Aluminum Corp
Original Assignee
National Aluminum Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/838,659 external-priority patent/US4751957A/en
Application filed by National Aluminum Corp filed Critical National Aluminum Corp
Publication of WO1987002285A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987002285A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0651—Casting wheels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to casting of metal sheet or strip, and more particularly to an improved method of and apparatus for the high speed direct casting of thin metal sheet or strip in a continuous or semi- continuous operation.
  • British Patent No. 6,630 discloses the concept of flowing molten metal at a constant rate onto a moving cooled surface to be solidified, and drawing the metal in the form of
  • a variation of the above concept involves con ⁇ ducting molten metal from a tundish through a restricted outlet so as to provide a convex meniscus at the outlet opening, with the molten metal being drawn from the opening by contacting the meniscus with a moving cooled
  • the combination of an endless belt or casting mold with a roll contacting the opposed surface of the cast strand is also known as shown, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,202,404 and 4,372,368, Swiss Patent No. 622,725, and French Patent No. 1,364,717. -4-
  • melt spinning narrow metallic ribbons by directing a jet of molten metal onto a moving chill block surface and directing a gas stream confluent with and surrounding the molten metal jet so that the gas surrounds and bears upon the metal puddle near the 0 point of impingement on the moving chilled surface to stabilize the puddle as the ribbon is formed.
  • air knives for controlling the thick ⁇ ness of a liquid metal coating on a solid substrate is well known and widely used particularly in hot dip galvanizing and aluminizing of metal strip.
  • Such air knives conventionally include an elongated hollow manifold, extending transversely of and in close proximit to the emerging elongated substrate at a point spaced above the coating metal bath.
  • An elongated, narrow nozzle opening extends along the manifold and faces in the direction of the coated substrate.
  • Gas, under pressure, discharged from the nozzle acts as a pressure dam which, depending upon characteristics of the jet including the direction, velocity and mass of the gas and the proximity of the nozzle outlet to the liquid coating material, limits the thickness of the liquid coating carried past the air knife.
  • the metal substrate is conventionally passed through a preheating furnace and led directly into the molten metal bath so that the substrate is at a temperature which will maintain the coating in a liquid state for a substantial distance past the air knife, with solidification normall taking place from the exposed coating surface inward.
  • Another object is to provide a method and apparatus far; the high speed casting of metal strip having a thick ⁇ ness; which can be varied over a wide range.
  • Another object is to provide such a method and apparatus for producing cast metal strip which is sub ⁇ stantially free of surface defects and inclusions.
  • the foregoing and other objects and features f the invention are achieved in accordance with the present invention which enables metal strip to be cast from a supply of molten metal by a continuous process wherein the molten metal is brought into contact with a cooled moving casting surface whereby a continuous strand of the metal solidifies on and adheres to the cooled surface to be withdrawn from the molten metal supply.
  • An air knife supported adjacent to the surface of the molten metal supply directs a thin low pressure air jet into contact with the surfaces of the molten metal supply and the emerging strand at the point of emergence of the solidifying strand.
  • the position and direction of the fluid jet, the shape of the outlet nozzle and the gas pressure are controlled to shape the free surface of the strand as it exits from the molten metal supply and to prevent oxides,slag or other material on th molten metal supply surface from adhering to liquid metal on the surface of the strand while at the same time con- trolling strip thickness and strip profile by limiting the amount and distribution of liquid metal adhering to the free top surface of the partially solidified strand.
  • the casting surface is the cylindrical outer surface of a casting wheel or drum which is supported and driven for rotation about a fixed horizontal axis.
  • a tundish supported adjacent to the casting wheel has an open end contoured to fit in close conformity with and be effectively closed by a portion of the casting wheel surface.
  • Molten metal is con ⁇ tinuously supplied to the tundish to maintain a substantially constant depth of molten metal in contact with the rotating chilled casting surface.
  • the metal wets and adheres to the chilled surface and is quickly solidified, with the solidified strand increas ⁇ ing in thickness progressively until it emerges from the top surface of the metal in the tundish.
  • a gas discharge nozzle assembly hereinafter referred to an an air knife, is supported above the sur ⁇ face of the metal in the tundish and has an elongated nozzle outlet positioned and oriented to direct a low speed jet of gas onto the molten metal surface along the line of intersection of the surface of the mol en, metal and the casting surface, i.e., the point at which the strand emerges from the molten metal.
  • the gas jet establishes a depression in the surface of the molten metal in the tundish adjacent to the emerging strand and produces a standing wave adjacent to the depression.
  • This standing wave and the gas from the jet sweeping over its surface prevent oxides, slag and other material on the molten metal surface from con- tacting the exposed wet surface of the emerging strand adhering to and moving with the cooled casting surface.
  • the fluid jet has a component of motion generally perpendicular to the exposed surface of the strand at the point of emergence from the molten metal in the tundish. At this point, the strand is substantially solidified, but the exposed top surface has a layer of liquid metal adhering thereto.
  • the velocity, mass and direction of the gas in the jet are con ⁇ trolled so that the gas acts upon and shapes this
  • the jet. is also effective to limit the thickness of the liquid layer and to this extent the thickness of the strand.
  • the emerging strand is solidified throughout at least a major portion of its thickness and the final strip thickness will be determined by a combination of factors.
  • the chilled casting wheel surface rapidly quenches the metal contacting the surface so that the strand is completely solidified very quickly after passing beyond the jet from the air knife.
  • the top surface finish and shape imparted to the strip by the controlled jet is maintained as a result of the rapid solidification Strip thickness can also be varied independently of the air knife by varying the time of exposure of the molten metal to the chilled casting wheel surface by either varying the speed of the casting wheel or the length of the wheel surface which at any given time is exposed to the molten metal in the tundish.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation view, partially in section, of a strip casting apparatus according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view, in eieva ⁇ ion, of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig.. L;
  • Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a view taken along lines 4-4 of Fig. 1 and showing the air knife assembly
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 and showing a prior art strip casting apparatus;
  • a melt drag strip casting apparatus embodying the present invention is illustrated schematically in Fig. 1 and designated generally by the reference numeral 10. -12-
  • the apparatus in ⁇ cludes a casting wheel or drum 12 having a cylindrical cooled outer surface 14 upon which the metallic -__t_r ⁇ p 16 is cast.
  • a tundish assembly 18 is supported im dose proximity to the casting wheel 12 in position to: contain a supply of molten metal 20 and to maintain a uniform depth of the molten metal in contact with th casting surface 14 of wheel 12.
  • the casting wheel 12 is internally cooled with circulating water or other cooling fluid to rapidly extract heat through the peripheral surface 14 to rapidly quench and solidify liquid metal contacting the peripheral casting surface as the surface rotates upward through the molten metal supply 20 in tundish 18.
  • Internally cooled casting drums are known, for example from U.S. Patent No. 2,348,178, and as schematically illustrated in Fig. 6 may comprise a hollow drum made up of a pair of end flanges 22, 24 and an outer peripheral rim 26, the outer surface of which defines the external casting surface 14.
  • a central hub 28 supported within the hollow drum has axially and radially extending connecting inlet passages 30, 32, respectively, communicating with the annular space 34 between hub 28 and outer rim 26, and radially and axially extending connecting passages 36, 38 communicating with the annular space 34 to provide an outlet for cooling water.
  • the rim 26 of casting wheel 12 may be formed of any suitable metal material having a sufficiently high and uniform thermal conductivity and good wear resistance.
  • casting wheels having a cast ⁇ ing surface of copper, steel, and aluminum and alloys of these metals have been successfully employed for the high speed casting of strip metal in the apparatus of Figs. 1 - 6.
  • the casting surface 14 may be sub ⁇ stantially smooth but preferably is mechanically roughened or grooved as suggested in U.S. Patent No. 4,250,950 or French Patent No. 1,364,717.
  • Suitable bearings 40 support the wheel 12 for rotation about a fixed horizontal axis on a rigid support frame structur indicated in Fig.1 by the reference numeral 42.
  • variable speed drive means such as an electric motor, not shown, acting through a reduction gear mechanism 44 and a drive chain 46 drives wheel 12 at the desired speed about its fixed axis.
  • Other suit ⁇ able drive means may, of course, be employed instead of the schematically illustrated chain drive.
  • the tundish 18 is supported in fixed relation to casting wheel 12 by suitable frame structure illustrated schematically at 48.
  • the tundish is constructed from a high strength, thermally insulating material such as a cast ceramic material, or a rigid metal frame structure lined with a suitable refractory material, to minimize heat loss from the molten metal supply 20 contained within the tundish during operation.
  • the tundish is made up of a substantially flat horizontally extending bottom wall 50, a pair of spaced upward extending side walls 52, 53 and an end wall 54, with the end of the tundish opposite end 54 being open to permit the molten metal 20 to flow into direct contact with the adjacent outer peripheral surface 14 of wheel 12.
  • the wheel 12 acts as a wall or dam to prevent the flow of molten metal out of the open end of the tundish.
  • the end of bottom wall 50, and portions of the ends of side walls 52 - 53 are contoured to closely conform to the contour of peripheral surface 14, with the spacing between the tundish bottom walls and side walls and the wheel surface 14 being so small as to prevent the flow of liquid metal therebetween. In practice, it has been found that a spacing of about 0.10 to 1.00 mm. between surface 14 and the adjacent tundish structure .is satisfactory.
  • a transverse partition wall 60 having its bottom edge spaced above the top surface of bottom wall 50 is located in the tundish in spaced relation to end wall 54 to define a receiving chamber 62 for receiving molten metal from a suitable source such as a ladle or runner indicated generally at 64.
  • a vertically movable transverse wall or weir 66 also extends between side walls 52, 53 at a location between the fixed wall 60 and the open end of the tundish, and cooperates with side walls 52, 53 and partition wall 60 to define a surge chamber 68.
  • the bottom edge of wall 66 is spaced above the top surface of bottom wall 50 during operation of the apparatus for casting strip to permit a controlle flow of liquid metal therebeneath to maintain a sub ⁇ stantially uniform level of metal in the casting chamber 70.
  • Suitable means is provided for ver ⁇ tically adjusting the position of wall 66 in response -16-
  • the level of metal in surge chamber 68 will depend upon the level of metal in the receiving chamber since the rate of flow beneath the fixed wall 60 will also depend upon the difference in the level of metal in the surge chamber 68 and in the receiving chamber 62.
  • Molten metal flowing into receiving chamber 62 from the open top can result in substantial turbulence in this chamber.
  • any slag, dross, oxides or other material normally floating on the surface of metal in the receiving chamber may be entrained in the incoming stream of metal and be mixed with the molten metal in the chamber.
  • a greater depth of metal is desired in the receiving chamber to permit any /US86/02134
  • an empty supply ladle 64 may be removed and replaced without interrupting the casting operation.
  • metering weir 72 which acts somewhat in the nature of a squeegee or doctor blade to control the amount of liquid or congealing, semi-solid metal with ⁇ drawn from the molten metal bath on the casting wheel.
  • Metering weir 72 has its lower contoured edge surface submerged in the molten metal in casting chamber 70 and is supported for adjustment both vertically and horizontally to control both the thickness of the strand withdrawn from the metal bath and the length, in the direction of rotation,of the casting surface 14 exposed to the molten metal supply at any instant.
  • melt drag system illustrated in Fig. 7 may be operated to cast metal strip, such -19-
  • an air knife assembly indicated generally at 76, is employed in place of the metering weir of the prior art apparatus shown in Fig. 7.
  • the construction of nozzle assembly 76 may be similar to that conventionally employed in hot dip coating of strip metal such as a galvanizing or aluminizing operation.
  • strip metal such as a galvanizing or aluminizing operation.
  • the nozzle assembly 76 comprises an elongated manifold structure 78 extending transversely of tundish 18, with the manifold being made up of a pair of opposed die members 80, 82 retained in assembled relation by ' brxl-ts ⁇ ,, not shown, extending through openings along the crl ⁇ sgdl back and end portions of the manifold.
  • a thin, dimensionally stable shim member 84 is positioned between the two die members and extends along the end and back walls, thereby providing an elongated thin 0 outlet nozzle 86 communicating with the hollow interior or plenum chamber 88 defined by recesses in the opposing surface of the two die members.
  • the interior walls of the plenum chamber preferably are smooth and contoured to provide a substantially uniform 5 gas pressure and flow rate through outlet nozzle 86 along the full length of the outlet.
  • This flow rate can be varied along the length of outlet 86 to provide the desired shape or top surface profile across the width of the cast strip. This may be 0 accomplished by contouring the surfaces of the two die members defining the outlet opening to provide slight variations in outlet dimensions along the nozzle length.
  • shims 84 of different thicknesses may be employed -21-
  • the thickness of the shim may be varied along the length of the manifold assembly, with the connecting bolts de ⁇ flecting the dies sufficiently to conform to the shim
  • An inlet opening 90 formed in the die member 80 communicates with a fluid supply conduit 92, preferably
  • the inlet may be at another location such as the back or end of the manifold assembly and plural inlets may be employed if desired.
  • air knife assembly 76 is supported above casting wheel 12 with the outlet nozzle 86 extending in parallel relation to the axis of the casting wheel and spaced from the casting surface 14. Suitable means such as the schematically illustrated
  • adjustable rack and pinion support block 96 supports the nozzle assembly for vertical movement and a second schematically illustrated rack and pinion assembly 98 supports the nozzle for horizontal movement in a plane paraiXel to the top surface of the molten liquid in t-i ⁇ irdis- 18.
  • Third adjusting means, such as the schematically illustrated adjusting screw 100 is pro ⁇ vided for rotating the nozzle assembly about its hori ⁇ zontal support axis in the support brackets 102.
  • gas is supplied to the plenum chamber at a relatively low pressure, with the volume of the plenum chamber being sufficient to assure that pressure within the chamber is substantially uniform throughout in order to provide the desired, care- fully controlled flow through the narrow outlet nozzle 86.
  • an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon is employed to avoid oxidation of the hot metal by the jet, although air or steam may be employed for casting some metals.
  • a hood may be placed over the tundish 18 and an inert gas circulated through the hood.
  • the gas jet issuing from nozzle 86 is directed along a plane indicated at 104 -23-
  • the line 104 intersects the emerging strip- sairface at a point slightly below the normal top surface 106 of the molten metal in the casting chamber 70.
  • the strip has an upwardly directed (top) liquid surface, i.e., a surface which is wet with liquid metal being carried by momentum of the strip from the pool whereas the bottom surface contact ⁇ ing the casting surface 14 is completely solidified.
  • top liquid surface i.e., a surface which is wet with liquid metal being carried by momentum of the strip from the pool whereas the bottom surface contact ⁇ ing the casting surface 14 is completely solidified.
  • the strip beneath the liquid surface is still very hot and soft so that the shear force from the jet must be kept sufficiently low and controlled to avoid damage to the surface.
  • the jet must maintain proper control of the boundary between the issuing strip and the casting pool from which the solid strip is issuing.
  • the gas pressure may be controlled to create a stable stand ⁇ ing wave at the casting pool surface and the backward sweeping angle of the jet causes the gas to sweep over the molten metal surface of the wave.
  • This flow of gas effectively sweeps oxides, slag, and the like away from the issuing strand with the result that the cast strip is substantially free from inclusions and surface ad ⁇ hesions.
  • gas pressure between about 3 and 400 gm. per sq. cm. may be used.
  • the top surface of the casting pool is located between, the three and twelve o'clock positions on the casting wheel (as viewed in the drawings) , with the tun ⁇ dish lip, i.e., the top surface edge of bottom wall 50 normally being located between the one o'clock and two o'clock positions.
  • the ideal location of the casting pool will also depend on various factors and conditions including the metal being cast, the diameter and speed of the casting wheel, the depth of metal in the casting pool and the desired thickness of the strip cast. The speed of the casting surface will effect both the thickness of the strip to be cast and the tendency of the liquid metal to be carried from the casting pool, on the solidifying strip surface.
  • Casting speed will, therefore, also affect the angle OC and/or the gas pressure required to produce the necessary component of force from the jet in a direction normal to the surface of the emerging strip at the point of emergence to limit the amount of momentum liquid carried from the pool.
  • the angle (X and the gas pressure will also affect the standing wave established in the surface of the casting pool.
  • the horizontal and vertical position of the air knife and the angular direction of the jet must be coordinated with, the depth of metal in the casting pool, the ⁇ pe_t___ting gas pressure in the air knife plenum chamber, and the location of the tundish lip around the periphery of the casting wheel surface to produce a stable stand ⁇ ing wave in the casting pool surface and maintain the desired thickness, profile, and top surface condition on the emerging strip.
  • Casting speed and casting pool depth also influence the point of release of the cast strip from the casting surface. If casting speed is too slow for the casting pool depth, thermal contraction of the solidifying strand can result in release prior to emerging from the casting pool and cause uneven or uncontrolled surface thickness or even remelting and breaking of the strand. On the other hand, excessive casting wheel speed can result in insufficient solidification time and an unfavorably high ratio of liquid-to-solid product emerging from the casting pool, whereby the capability for process control may be impaired or lost. -27-
  • strip thicknesses may vary from about 0.005 mm. to more than 10.0 mm. and casting speed may be in the range of from about .25 to about 30 meters per second.
  • strip produced in accordance with the present invention is of a quality adequate for some end uses such as the production of building and rain products and the like without further processing, and it may readily be further processed by rolling since it is substantially free of inclusions and surface adhesions While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed and described, it should be understood that the invention is not so limited and that it is intended to include all embodiments which would be apparent to one skilled in the art which come within the spirit and scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et appareil (10) de coulée d'une feuille métallique consistant à amener le métal en fusion à partir d'une alimentation jusqu'à le mettre en contact avec une surface de coulée refroidie entraînée à une vitesse linéaire prédéterminée pour refroidir rapidement et retirer une bande continue de métal (16) de l'alimentation en métal en fusion. Un couteau pneumatique (76) est utilisé pour diriger un jet étroit allongé de gaz en contact avec la surface supérieure de la feuille ou bande et avec l'alimentation de métal en fusion au fur et à mesure que la feuille est retirée pour donner la forme et le fini désirés à la surface supérieure de la feuille et réguler la quantité de métal liquide adhérant sur la surface supérieure au fur et à mesure qu'elle est retirée de manière à en contrôler l'épaisseur.
PCT/US1986/002134 1985-10-11 1986-10-10 Procede et appareil de coulee en continu d'une feuille de metal Ceased WO1987002285A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78678985A 1985-10-11 1985-10-11
US786,789 1985-10-11
US838,659 1986-03-11
US06/838,659 US4751957A (en) 1986-03-11 1986-03-11 Method of and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strip

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987002285A1 true WO1987002285A1 (fr) 1987-04-23

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PCT/US1986/002134 Ceased WO1987002285A1 (fr) 1985-10-11 1986-10-10 Procede et appareil de coulee en continu d'une feuille de metal

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WO (1) WO1987002285A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2664513A1 (fr) * 1990-07-16 1992-01-17 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede et dispositif de controle de l'epaisseur en coulee continue de bande mince de materiau electroconducteur.
EP0470913A1 (fr) * 1990-08-08 1992-02-12 Pechiney Rhenalu Procédé pour contrôler l'épaisseur d'une bande métallique coulée en continu sur un cylindre
EP0463224A3 (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-12-02 Armco Inc. Method and apparatus for separating continuous cast strip from a rotating substrate
EP0526360A1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-03 Pechiney Rhenalu Procédé permèttant d'améliorer l'état de surface et la régularité d'épaisseur d'une bande mince métallique coulée sur un cylindre
EP0584226A4 (en) * 1991-05-13 1994-07-20 Reynolds Metals Co Polymer laminated drag cast can stock and method
DE19756815A1 (de) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Wieland Werke Ag Kupfer-Zinn-Titan-Legierung
US6346215B1 (en) 1997-12-19 2002-02-12 Wieland-Werke Ag Copper-tin alloys and uses thereof
US20190351480A1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2019-11-21 Iq Power Licensing Ag Device for casting electrode supports for lead-acid batteries

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1364717A (fr) * 1963-05-14 1964-06-26 Duralumin Procédé et machine pour la coulée permettant l'amélioration de l'état de surface et ébauches obtenues par ce procédé
US3863700A (en) * 1973-05-16 1975-02-04 Allied Chem Elevation of melt in the melt extraction production of metal filaments
CH622725A5 (en) * 1977-08-26 1981-04-30 Erik Allan Olsson Method and apparatus for casting a metal band
JPH0635220B2 (ja) * 1988-12-11 1994-05-11 武徳 笹岡 多穴積層紙綴り込み装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1364717A (fr) * 1963-05-14 1964-06-26 Duralumin Procédé et machine pour la coulée permettant l'amélioration de l'état de surface et ébauches obtenues par ce procédé
US3863700A (en) * 1973-05-16 1975-02-04 Allied Chem Elevation of melt in the melt extraction production of metal filaments
CH622725A5 (en) * 1977-08-26 1981-04-30 Erik Allan Olsson Method and apparatus for casting a metal band
JPH0635220B2 (ja) * 1988-12-11 1994-05-11 武徳 笹岡 多穴積層紙綴り込み装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
THORNTON, J.A. et al. "An Analytical Description of the Jet Finishing Process for Hot-Dip Metallic Coatings on Strip", Metallurgical Transactions B, Volume 7B, December 1976, pp. 607-618. *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0463224A3 (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-12-02 Armco Inc. Method and apparatus for separating continuous cast strip from a rotating substrate
FR2664513A1 (fr) * 1990-07-16 1992-01-17 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede et dispositif de controle de l'epaisseur en coulee continue de bande mince de materiau electroconducteur.
EP0467807A1 (fr) * 1990-07-16 1992-01-22 I.R.S.I.D. Snc Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de l'épaisseur en coulée continue de bande mince de matériau électroconducteur
EP0470913A1 (fr) * 1990-08-08 1992-02-12 Pechiney Rhenalu Procédé pour contrôler l'épaisseur d'une bande métallique coulée en continu sur un cylindre
FR2665653A1 (fr) * 1990-08-08 1992-02-14 Pechiney Rhenalu Procede pour controler l'epaisseur d'une bande metallique couleee en continu sur un cylindre.
EP0584226A4 (en) * 1991-05-13 1994-07-20 Reynolds Metals Co Polymer laminated drag cast can stock and method
FR2679803A1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-05 Pechiney Rhenalu Procede permettant d'ameliorer l'etat de surface et la regularite d'epaisseur d'une bande mince metallique coulee sur une roue.
US5253699A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-10-19 Pechiney Recherche Process for improving the surface condition and thickness regularity of a cast metal strip
EP0526360A1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-02-03 Pechiney Rhenalu Procédé permèttant d'améliorer l'état de surface et la régularité d'épaisseur d'une bande mince métallique coulée sur un cylindre
DE19756815A1 (de) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Wieland Werke Ag Kupfer-Zinn-Titan-Legierung
US6346215B1 (en) 1997-12-19 2002-02-12 Wieland-Werke Ag Copper-tin alloys and uses thereof
DE19756815C2 (de) * 1997-12-19 2003-01-09 Wieland Werke Ag Kupfer-Knetlegierung, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbzeuges daraus und deren Verwendung
US20190351480A1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2019-11-21 Iq Power Licensing Ag Device for casting electrode supports for lead-acid batteries
US11731194B2 (en) 2017-05-19 2023-08-22 Iq Power Licensing Ag Device for casting electrode supports for lead-acid batteries

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0241540A1 (fr) 1987-10-21

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