WO1987007780A1 - Interruption de circuits de condensateurs - Google Patents

Interruption de circuits de condensateurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987007780A1
WO1987007780A1 PCT/US1987/001325 US8701325W WO8707780A1 WO 1987007780 A1 WO1987007780 A1 WO 1987007780A1 US 8701325 W US8701325 W US 8701325W WO 8707780 A1 WO8707780 A1 WO 8707780A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
housing
actuator
terminals
capacitive element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1987/001325
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jeffrey A. Bentley
Thomas A. Murphy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aerovox Corp
Original Assignee
Aerovox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aerovox Corp filed Critical Aerovox Corp
Priority to FI880363A priority Critical patent/FI880363A7/fi
Publication of WO1987007780A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987007780A1/fr
Priority to NO880477A priority patent/NO880477L/no
Priority to KR1019880700121A priority patent/KR880701484A/ko
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/14—Protection against electric or thermal overload

Definitions

  • This invention relates to circuit interruption in electrical capacitors. Deterioration of a capacitor typically generates gasses that increase the internal presure within the sealed capacitor case, eventually causing rupture and leakage of the liquid dielectric. Pressure sensitive interrupters are sometimes used within the capacitor case to prevent rupture by breaking the electrical connection to the capacitive element in response to the internal pressure, thus stopping the gas buildup.
  • a general feature of the invention is a capacitor in which the interruption mechanism includes an actuator that moves in response to a predetermined physical condition within the capacitor to cause electrical disconnection, and in which the actuator has a range of motion through a limited number of stable positions and is mechanically pre-biased to move toward one of the stable positions when not already in one of the stable positions.
  • the physical condition is internal gas pressure within the capacitor, and the actuator moves in response to the pressure.
  • the actuator comprises a portion of a wall (e.g., the lid) of the housing; the actuator is attached to the housing by a support having at least one rigid section connected to the wall portion and the housing by hinge regions.
  • the wall portion is a disk
  • the support is a rigid annular rim
  • the hinge regions are flexible annular rings.
  • the capacitor terminals are mounted on the actuator.
  • the electrical connections include conductors between the terminals and the capacitive element and the interruption mechanism further comprises means for retaining each conductor in a fixed position relative to motion of the actuator.
  • the capacitive element includes a core that is ultrasonically welded to the inside of the housing. In other embodiments, a panel is interposed between the capacitive element and the terminals.
  • the housing is plastic and includes a lid on which the actuator is located.
  • the actuator is polypropylene.
  • the capacitor element includes a dielectric impregnant (i.e., a blend of polybutene and polyethylene) having a drop point that is above the normal operating temperature of the capacitor, and is below a temperature that would occur following failure of the capacitor winding. In other embodiments, there is a liquid dielectric impregnant (e.g., polybutene) that is compatible with the plastic of the housing.
  • Another general feature of the invention is a capacitor in which the terminals are mounted on and project from the housing and the housing includes a rim that surrounds the terminals and is filled with a dielectric material that insulates the terminals.
  • the capacitive element is quickly and effectively disconnected when pressure builds up.
  • the actuator pops up to aid in the disconnection and stably remains in its popped up position to reduce the chance of reconnection.
  • the entire capacitor is easily made. Mounting the terminals on the actuator assures positive motion of terminals away from the capacitive element. When the terminals are fully insulated, the capacitor can be used safely in tight quarters.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a capacitor.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional side view at
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional side view, broken away, along 2-2 of the capacitor of claim 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional side view of a fragment near the bottom of the capacitor case of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial top view of the floor of the capacitor case of Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 6, 7 are sectional side view and plan view respectively of the capactive element core of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 8 is a view like Fig. 3 after disconnection.
  • Figs. 9A, 9B, 9C are a sequence of sectional side views of a fragment of the capacitor lid of Fig. 1, showing three discrete positions of a lid using an alternative hinge arrangement.
  • Fig. 10 is a sectional side view of one-half of an alternative embodiment to Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 11 is a sectional side view of a portion of an alternative capacitor cover.
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional side view of a portion of an alternative capacitive element core.
  • Figs. 13, 14 are isometric and sectional side views of an alternative capacitor cover. Structure
  • a capacitor 10 includes a capacitor roll 12 inside an injection molded round polypropylene plastic case 14 having an injection molded polypropylene cover 16 (made, e.g., from polypropylene product no. PP-402 available from Monmouth Plastics, or Polyflam RPP 1058 available from A. Schul an) in which two terminals 18, 20 are mounted.
  • Case 14 has a segmented outer rim at the top end for mounting the capacitor.
  • terminal 20 is electrically connected (in a conventional manner) to the top of capacitor roll 12 via an uninsulated tinned copper or tinned copperweld wire 30; terminal 18 is electrically connected (also in a conventional manner) to the bottom of roll 12 via an insulated wire 32 which passes through a hollow polypropylene capacitor core 34 or around the outside of the capacitive element.
  • Capacitor roll 12 is surrounded by and embedded in a dielectric material 36.
  • terminals 18, 20 are of eyelet design and include tubular portions -40 inserted through access holes 42 in a rigid central disk section 44 of cover 16. The ends 46 of tubular portion 40 are bent back against the underside of disk 44 to hold terminals 18, 20 in place.
  • Wire 30 is pulled taut and attached to terminal 20 by solder 50 and includes a carefully machined nick 51 by which the amount of tension (e.g., 15 lbs) needed to sever the wire can be carefully controlled.
  • Insulated wire 32 is stripped to expose an uninsulated tinned copper conductor (which may also be nicked) that is similarly pulled taut and attached to terminal 18 by solder 52. If wire 32 is not nicked, it is not pulled taut, but is left with slack to allow cover 16 to move and break the nick in wire 30.
  • cover 16 In addition to central disk 44, cover 16 includes a rigid L-shaped (in cross-section) peripheral portion 56 ultrasonically welded to the inner wall of case 14. A panel 54 on cover 16 forms an insulative barrier between terminals 18 and 20. A hinged portion 58 connects peripheral portion 56 and central disk 44. Hinged portion 58 is ring-shaped, disposed at an angle of preferably 30-45° (a) with respect to the vertical, and includes a rigid part 59.
  • Grooves 60, ' 62, 66, 68 are arranged in pairs with the interior groove and the exterior groove of each pair, e.g., 60, 66, vertically aligned, thus defining two flexible annular rings (hinge regions) 71, 73 which bend when the internal pressure in the can rises.
  • central disk 44 is 0.062" thick
  • part 59 is 0.044" thick
  • grooves- 60, 62, 66, 68 have typical radii of 0.031".
  • the centers of radius of grooves 60, 62, 66, 68 lie at the intersections of planes that extend from the upper and lower surfaces of part 59, central disk 44, and peripheral portion 56.
  • capacitor 10 includes equally spaced vertical ribs 70 along inside wall 72 of case 14 and an ultrasonic energy directing grid 74 molded into the bottom 76 of case 14.
  • ribs 72 extend 0.02 inches into case 14 and are spaced 15° apart about the central axis of case 14.
  • Grid 74 is 0.75 inches in diameter and is concentric with the bottom of case 14.
  • Grid 74 includes upwardly extending peaks 80 and recessed rectangular regions 82.
  • the lower section of core 34 includes hexagonal bore 90 and circular bore 92.
  • Energy directing flange 94 extends around the bottom of core 34, and, when placed in case 14, contacts the top of peaks 80 of grid 74 at a limited number of sharply defined contact points at which ultrasonic welding can be accomplished.
  • Dielectric material 36 may be liquid polybutene as described in copending patent application, U.S. Serial No. 762,542, filed August 2, 1985, assigned to the same assignee as this application, and incorporated herein by reference.
  • Polybutene has an advantage of not attacking the polypropylene material of case 14.
  • the capacitor may be formed as a "dry" capacitor by substituting a waxlike blend for dielectric material 36.
  • the blend can be a mixture of polyethylene and polybutene chosen to be non-liquid at normal operating temperatures. As the capacitor begins to fail, the resulting temperature rise causes softening of the mixture, allowing gas to escape to the upper part of the interior of the capacitor case, to trigger operation of the disconnection mechanism. Additional details concerning the blend are set forth in patent application, Bentley, U.S. Serial No. 870,717, Impregnation and Encapsulating Material, filed on the same day as this application, assigned to the same assignee, and incorporated herein by reference. Assembly
  • Terminals 18, 20 are mounted on cover 16 by inserting unbent tubular portions 40 through access holes 42 and bending ends 46 of portions 40 back against the underside of disk 44.
  • Roll 12 and hollow core 34 are fixed inside case 14 by ultrasonically welding the flange 94 of core 34 to the peaks 80 of grid 74.
  • the sharp lower edge of flange 94 and the sharp upper edges of peaks 80 serve to direct the ultrasonic energy to the contact points between peaks 80 and flange 94, creating a strong weld.
  • hinged portion 200 could include three (or more) interior grooves 202, 204, 206 and three (or more) exterior grooves 208, 210, 212.
  • FIG. 9B as central disk 214 moves outward portion 200 may bend first at grooves 204, 210, 206, 212 to form a V-shape.
  • Fig. 9C as disk 214 continues to move outward additional force on portion 200 causes it to bend at grooves 202, 208. Eventually disk 214 reaches the final position shown in Fig. 9C and portion 200 is once again fully extended. Referring to Fig.
  • terminal 318 may be electrically connected to capacitor roll 312 via tinned steel terminal rivets 330 spot welded to tinned copper tabs 332.
  • Terminals 318 are mounted on cover 316 by inserting rivets 330 through cover 316 and welding terminals 318 to rivets 330 while applying a clamping force between rivet shoulders 338 and terminals 318. Rivet tips 340 are then inserted through holes 342 in panel 344. Tabs 332 (previously connected to capacitor rolls 312) are spot welded to tips 340.
  • Panel 344 and cover 316 are ultrasonically welded to the inner wall of case 314.
  • case 14 and core 34 are chosen from the same organic polymer family to permit ultrasonic welding. More than two terminals could be used. The- externally
  • 10 exposed parts of the terminal could be encased in an insulator.
  • hinged portion 58 may simply be a thinned down region 400 without grooves defining separate hinge regions.
  • the capacitive element core may be formed by countersinking 402 the end of the core.
  • cover 16 may include an annular rim 404 that rises above the level of in terminals 406. Wires 408 are attached to terminals 406, and passed through ports 410. Then the space within rim 404 is potted with a dielectric resin material 412, thus eliminating all exposed conductive elements. Such a capacitor is especially useful in close quarters to 25 prevent unintentional contacts, e.g., in HID type lamp ballasts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Un interrupteur de circuit dans des condensateurs électriques est actionné par un mécanisme d'interruption qui déplace un actuateur (44) en fonction d'un état physique prédéterminé dans le condensateur pour provoquer une déconnexion électrique. L'actuateur peut effectuer un certain nombre de mouvements en passant par un nombre limité de positions stables, et est sollicité mécaniquement pour se déplacer vers l'une des positions stables lorsqu'il ne s'y trouve déjà. Les interrupteurs sensibles à la pression de la technique antérieure pouvaient être reconnectés lorsque le couvercle et les bornes revenaient en arrière à cause de la chute de pression, ce qui pouvait être à l'origine de la création d'arcs électriques. Le condensateur ci-décrit (12) est déconnecté rapidement et efficacement en cas d'augmentation de la pression et reste de manière stable dans sa position remontée, de manière à limiter toute éventualité de reconnexion. Les bornes (18 et 20) du condensateur sont montées sur l'actuateur qui est fixé à un boîtier (54) par des régions de charnière (58), ce qui leur permet d'atteindre une position stable en cas d'augmentation de la pression.
PCT/US1987/001325 1986-06-04 1987-06-04 Interruption de circuits de condensateurs Ceased WO1987007780A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI880363A FI880363A7 (fi) 1986-06-04 1987-06-04 Kondensaattorin virtapiirin katkaiseminen.
NO880477A NO880477L (no) 1986-06-04 1988-02-03 Sikring i kondensator.
KR1019880700121A KR880701484A (ko) 1986-06-04 1988-02-04 커패시터 회로 차단 장치

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US87062386A 1986-06-04 1986-06-04
US870,623 1986-06-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987007780A1 true WO1987007780A1 (fr) 1987-12-17

Family

ID=25355800

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1987/001325 Ceased WO1987007780A1 (fr) 1986-06-04 1987-06-04 Interruption de circuits de condensateurs

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0277961A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63503500A (fr)
KR (1) KR880701484A (fr)
CA (1) CA1291227C (fr)
FI (1) FI880363A7 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987007780A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0548780A1 (fr) * 1991-12-20 1993-06-30 SIEMENS MATSUSHITA COMPONENTS GmbH & CO. KG Condensateur électrique
EP1352734A3 (fr) * 2002-04-11 2004-03-17 ITALFARAD S.p.A. Procede pour la fermeture etanche d'un boitier en matiere synthetique pour condensateur ainsi que condensateur obtenu
EP1764809A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-21 ABB Technology AG Elément de protection pour condensateur ayant des propriétés d'autorégénérescence
WO2007025980A3 (fr) * 2005-09-01 2007-06-14 Siemens Ag Dispositif comportant au moins un condensateur a deux couches
US10637108B1 (en) 2016-12-09 2020-04-28 Cornell Dubilier Marketing, Inc. Apparatus for detecting expansion of an energy storage device case

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3221225A (en) * 1962-01-31 1965-11-30 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electric condenser enclosed in a metal envelope and provided with a protector breakable by an interior overpressure
US3248617A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-04-26 Sprague Electric Co Nonbursting electrical capacitor
US3553542A (en) * 1969-08-21 1971-01-05 Sprague Electric Co Capacitor disconnect device
US4059848A (en) * 1975-08-08 1977-11-22 U.S. Philips Corporation Wound capacitor comprising an excess-pressure safety device
US4106068A (en) * 1977-01-27 1978-08-08 General Electric Company Pressure sensitive interrupter
US4107758A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-08-15 Sprague Electric Company Fused oil filled capacitor
US4186417A (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-01-29 General Electric Company Capacitor protective system
US4209815A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-06-24 Jard, Inc. Capacitor protective circuit
US4240126A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-12-16 Icar Industria Condensatori Applicazioni Elettroelettroniche S.P.A. Electric capacitor constructed to prevent explosion
US4283750A (en) * 1978-11-20 1981-08-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Capacitor having a housing provided with a crease which is expandable in reaction to overpressure
US4286302A (en) * 1979-05-25 1981-08-25 General Electric Company Electrical capacitor protective arrangement
EP0093455A2 (fr) * 1982-05-05 1983-11-09 DUCATI ELETTROTECNICA SpA Dispositif pour déconnecter automatiquement un condensateur électrique en cas de court-circuit
US4486809A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-12-04 Emhart Industries, Inc. Anchoring means for a capacitor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580114A1 (en) * 1985-04-09 1986-10-10 Precision Lyonnaise Electrical capacitor with anti-explosion safety

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3221225A (en) * 1962-01-31 1965-11-30 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electric condenser enclosed in a metal envelope and provided with a protector breakable by an interior overpressure
US3248617A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-04-26 Sprague Electric Co Nonbursting electrical capacitor
US3553542A (en) * 1969-08-21 1971-01-05 Sprague Electric Co Capacitor disconnect device
US4059848A (en) * 1975-08-08 1977-11-22 U.S. Philips Corporation Wound capacitor comprising an excess-pressure safety device
US4106068A (en) * 1977-01-27 1978-08-08 General Electric Company Pressure sensitive interrupter
US4107758A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-08-15 Sprague Electric Company Fused oil filled capacitor
US4209815A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-06-24 Jard, Inc. Capacitor protective circuit
US4283750A (en) * 1978-11-20 1981-08-11 U.S. Philips Corporation Capacitor having a housing provided with a crease which is expandable in reaction to overpressure
US4186417A (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-01-29 General Electric Company Capacitor protective system
US4240126A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-12-16 Icar Industria Condensatori Applicazioni Elettroelettroniche S.P.A. Electric capacitor constructed to prevent explosion
US4286302A (en) * 1979-05-25 1981-08-25 General Electric Company Electrical capacitor protective arrangement
US4486809A (en) * 1981-02-23 1984-12-04 Emhart Industries, Inc. Anchoring means for a capacitor
EP0093455A2 (fr) * 1982-05-05 1983-11-09 DUCATI ELETTROTECNICA SpA Dispositif pour déconnecter automatiquement un condensateur électrique en cas de court-circuit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0277961A4 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0548780A1 (fr) * 1991-12-20 1993-06-30 SIEMENS MATSUSHITA COMPONENTS GmbH & CO. KG Condensateur électrique
EP1352734A3 (fr) * 2002-04-11 2004-03-17 ITALFARAD S.p.A. Procede pour la fermeture etanche d'un boitier en matiere synthetique pour condensateur ainsi que condensateur obtenu
WO2007025980A3 (fr) * 2005-09-01 2007-06-14 Siemens Ag Dispositif comportant au moins un condensateur a deux couches
EP1764809A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-21 ABB Technology AG Elément de protection pour condensateur ayant des propriétés d'autorégénérescence
US7436646B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2008-10-14 Abb Technology Ag Protection element for a capacitor with self-healing properties
US10637108B1 (en) 2016-12-09 2020-04-28 Cornell Dubilier Marketing, Inc. Apparatus for detecting expansion of an energy storage device case

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR880701484A (ko) 1988-07-27
FI880363A0 (fi) 1988-01-27
FI880363L (fi) 1988-01-27
CA1291227C (fr) 1991-10-22
JPS63503500A (ja) 1988-12-15
EP0277961A1 (fr) 1988-08-17
EP0277961A4 (fr) 1990-04-10
FI880363A7 (fi) 1988-01-27

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