WO1987007949A1 - Systeme de detection pour installations sous-marines, en particulier pour les pipelines - Google Patents

Systeme de detection pour installations sous-marines, en particulier pour les pipelines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987007949A1
WO1987007949A1 PCT/NO1987/000049 NO8700049W WO8707949A1 WO 1987007949 A1 WO1987007949 A1 WO 1987007949A1 NO 8700049 W NO8700049 W NO 8700049W WO 8707949 A1 WO8707949 A1 WO 8707949A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sonar
gas
receivers
transmitter
detection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO1987/000049
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Petter M. Bakken
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STIFTELSEN FOR INDUSTRIELL OG TEKNISK FORSKNING VE
Sintef AS
Original Assignee
STIFTELSEN FOR INDUSTRIELL OG TEKNISK FORSKNING VE
Sintef AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STIFTELSEN FOR INDUSTRIELL OG TEKNISK FORSKNING VE, Sintef AS filed Critical STIFTELSEN FOR INDUSTRIELL OG TEKNISK FORSKNING VE
Publication of WO1987007949A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987007949A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G01M3/243—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for pipes

Definitions

  • the invention consists of a detection system for subsea installations, particularly pipelines, more specifically a system as described in the introduction to Claim of Patent 1.
  • the gas is brought to the platform in pipes for processing. Following this, the gas is led in an underwater pipeline to where it is to be used. Since the gas is under considerable pressure whilst it is passing through the pipeline, any leakage poses a severe threat to the personnel working on the platform as well as the platform itself. As escaping gas will cause the scattering of sonar waves, this factor can be used for the purpose of detec ⁇ tion.
  • the main purpose of the invention is to design an improved detection system which can operate with a greater degree of certainty than those presently used. This involves the detection of a gas leakage as early as possible, with a low risk of confusion with shoals of fish.
  • the principle of the invention is mainly based on the principle described in the characterizing part of Claim of Patent 1.
  • the transmitter in the present system will typically generate a horizontal sonar beam which will cover the volume of water above the pipeline.
  • the scatter caused by any escaping gas will be spread in different directions and this can be detected by receivers (hydrophones) which could be located on the seabed in a pattern along the pipeline, for instance.
  • receivers hydrophones
  • Such a configura ⁇ tion is termed multistatic sonar and is already known from a variety of contexts.
  • One of the advantages of this arrangement is that given suitable geometries and sonar signals any alterations in the total distances between the transmitter - escaping gas, and the escaping gas - receiver can be detected through frequency changes in the sonar signal (Doppler shift in the signal's requency).
  • the velocity vector of the gas bubbles can be detected within a specified margin of error. This will constitute an effective means of distinguishing between shoals of fish and escaping gas and thereby reducing the chance of false alarms caused by fish shoals.
  • Another advantage of this invention is that the distance which sonar waves travel is reduced in relation to existing monostatic transmitters and receivers. This reduces the transmitter output level required in a sonar system by a factor of 10 - 100 for the geometries in question. This reduction in the transmitter output level has a positive effect upon the system's cost and reliability.
  • a third advantage of this system is that by keeping the transmitter apart from the receiver, unintensional acoustic coupling between the transmitter and the receiver is reduced (in the absence of a gas leakage). Consequently, this configura ⁇ tion for a multistatic sonar system enables simultaneous transmission and reception, which allows one to select long duration sonar pulses or even continuous signals and thereby obtain a better frequency resolution and a more accurate determination of objects' velocity.
  • Sound detection should be combined with means of determining the location of the noise source so as to reduce the risk o£ confusion with noise originating on the surface, such as propeller noise and other noise generated on the surface from platforms and shipping etc.
  • the source of the noise can be localized by sound detection from different positions and the results compared by means of cross-correlation techniques.
  • Modern technology uses digital signal processors to make the correlations once the sound detection data has been transformed into numerical sequences.
  • This multistatic sonar configuration is ideal for combination with passive sound detection, since the same receiver elements can be employed with both systems. In the eventuality of the limited bandwidth of hydrophones making such a combination rather undesirable, most of the expenditure associated with such a combination can be covered by building two or more hydrophones together while producing the equipment thereby completing the costly installation in a single operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic vertical cross-section of a fixed platform which is connected to pipeline equipped with a detection system in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a horizontal cross-section of the configuration depicted in Fig. 1.
  • the figures show a fixed platform 11 of a known design which is intended for location on the seabed 12.
  • An incoming or outgoing pipeline 13 is connected to the platform 11 for the delivery or offtake of gas under high pressure.
  • the pipeline 13 is schematically illustrated above the seabed 12, in reality the pipeline would be sunk into the seabed.
  • a sonar transmitter 14 has been located at the base of the platform 11. This transmitter emits sonar waves in a horizontal beam with an initial angle of ⁇ ___>> ⁇ in a lateral direction (Fig.l) and an initial angle of ⁇ 5> v in a horizontal direction (Fig. ) .
  • Rows of hydrophones 15 are positioned alternately at an equal distance on each side of the pipeline 13 to receive the sonar reflections H . n (t ⁇ ), ln the example twenty such receivers 15 are located over a distance of about 500 metres, i.e., one every 25 metres.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Système de détection de fuites dans des installations sous-marines, surtout dans les pipelines de transport de gaz à haute pression. Un ou plusieurs récepteurs sonar (15) sont situés à une grande distance d'un émetteur (14) afin d'augmenter la précision de détection. Le système comporte de préférence un circuit pour la corrélation des différents signaux reçus avec le signal transmis, afin de détecter tout changement de fréquence et partant pour déterminer la vitesse et la direction de déplacement des objets réfléchissants. Il est préférable de disposer un certain nombre de récepteurs (15) de manière alternée en rangées de part et d'autre d'un pipeline (13) ou d'une structure analogue.
PCT/NO1987/000049 1986-06-18 1987-06-16 Systeme de detection pour installations sous-marines, en particulier pour les pipelines Ceased WO1987007949A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO862422 1986-06-18
NO862422A NO159507C (no) 1986-06-18 1986-06-18 Deteksjonssystem.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987007949A1 true WO1987007949A1 (fr) 1987-12-30

Family

ID=19888998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1987/000049 Ceased WO1987007949A1 (fr) 1986-06-18 1987-06-16 Systeme de detection pour installations sous-marines, en particulier pour les pipelines

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO159507C (fr)
WO (1) WO1987007949A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19528287A1 (de) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-06 Gerhard Ritter Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Lecks in einem Trinkwasser-Versorgungsnetz und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
WO2002070947A1 (fr) * 2001-03-02 2002-09-12 Gas Research Institute Controle de pipelines souterrains au moyen d'un autre parametre acoustique de terrain
GB2382140A (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-21 Christopher Teal Underwater leak detection using acoustic backscatter
DE102016211651A1 (de) * 2016-06-28 2017-12-28 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Isolationsfehlerortes auf einem elektrischen Leiter einer Untermeeresversorgungsleitung
CN108055218A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-05-18 上海微波技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所） 基于频率选择性编码多载波调制技术的泄漏电缆入侵探测方法
RU2794402C1 (ru) * 2022-08-31 2023-04-17 Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина Устройство для обнаружения утечек солесодержащей жидкости из подводных трубопроводов

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264864A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-08-09 American Gas Ass Apparatus for pinpointing leaks in buried pipes
US3930556A (en) * 1971-04-26 1976-01-06 Osaka Gas Kabushiki Kaisha Method of detecting leak of fluid from a long pipeline
US4043180A (en) * 1975-12-10 1977-08-23 Texaco Inc. Gathering line leak detection system tester
EP0053721A2 (fr) * 1980-12-04 1982-06-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Procédé et dispositifs de localisation de fuites de canalisations
GB2176604A (en) * 1985-06-06 1986-12-31 Stc Plc Acoustic detection of gas leaks

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264864A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-08-09 American Gas Ass Apparatus for pinpointing leaks in buried pipes
US3930556A (en) * 1971-04-26 1976-01-06 Osaka Gas Kabushiki Kaisha Method of detecting leak of fluid from a long pipeline
US4043180A (en) * 1975-12-10 1977-08-23 Texaco Inc. Gathering line leak detection system tester
EP0053721A2 (fr) * 1980-12-04 1982-06-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Procédé et dispositifs de localisation de fuites de canalisations
GB2176604A (en) * 1985-06-06 1986-12-31 Stc Plc Acoustic detection of gas leaks

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19528287A1 (de) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-06 Gerhard Ritter Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Lecks in einem Trinkwasser-Versorgungsnetz und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19528287B4 (de) * 1995-08-02 2007-06-06 Gerhard Ritter Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Lecks in einem Trinkwasser-Versorgungsnetz und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19528287C5 (de) * 1995-08-02 2009-09-24 Ingenieurgesellschaft F.A.S.T. für angewandte Sensortechnik mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Lecks in einem Trinkwasser-Versorgungsnetz und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
WO2002070947A1 (fr) * 2001-03-02 2002-09-12 Gas Research Institute Controle de pipelines souterrains au moyen d'un autre parametre acoustique de terrain
US6785618B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2004-08-31 Gas Research Institute In-ground pipeline monitoring
GB2382140A (en) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-21 Christopher Teal Underwater leak detection using acoustic backscatter
GB2382140B (en) * 2001-11-20 2005-11-30 Christopher Teal Leak detection
DE102016211651A1 (de) * 2016-06-28 2017-12-28 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Isolationsfehlerortes auf einem elektrischen Leiter einer Untermeeresversorgungsleitung
US10598716B2 (en) 2016-06-28 2020-03-24 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg Methods and locating systems for determining an insulation fault location on an electric conductor of a subsea supply line
DE102016211651B4 (de) 2016-06-28 2022-03-24 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Isolationsfehlerortes auf einem elektrischen Leiter einer Untermeeresversorgungsleitung
CN108055218A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-05-18 上海微波技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所） 基于频率选择性编码多载波调制技术的泄漏电缆入侵探测方法
RU2794402C1 (ru) * 2022-08-31 2023-04-17 Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина Устройство для обнаружения утечек солесодержащей жидкости из подводных трубопроводов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO159507B (no) 1988-09-26
NO862422D0 (no) 1986-06-18
NO862422L (no) 1987-12-21
NO159507C (no) 1989-01-04

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