WO1992009059A1 - Systeme de transmission d'informations a l'aide d'ondes electromagnetiques, notamment de micro-ondes - Google Patents

Systeme de transmission d'informations a l'aide d'ondes electromagnetiques, notamment de micro-ondes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992009059A1
WO1992009059A1 PCT/SE1991/000747 SE9100747W WO9209059A1 WO 1992009059 A1 WO1992009059 A1 WO 1992009059A1 SE 9100747 W SE9100747 W SE 9100747W WO 9209059 A1 WO9209059 A1 WO 9209059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication unit
list
wave
transmitter
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000747
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Rune Bohult
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab Scania Combitech AB
Original Assignee
Saab Scania Combitech AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saab Scania Combitech AB filed Critical Saab Scania Combitech AB
Publication of WO1992009059A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992009059A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/82—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
    • G01S13/825—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
    • G01S7/025—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects involving the transmission of linearly polarised waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
    • G08G1/13—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station the indicator being in the form of a map

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an information transmis ⁇ sion system for the transmission of information through communication via electromagnetic waves, especially micro ⁇ waves, comprising a l:st communication unit with a 1 :st transmitter and a l:st receiver, and a 2:nd communication unit with a 2:nd receiver and a 2:nd transmitter, the 1 :st communication unit being mounted on a stationary stand and the 2:nd communication unit being mounted on a vehicle, which is movable along a path, the antenna lobes of the l:st and 2:nd transmitters and of the list and 2:nd recei ⁇ vers being designed and oriented in such a way that commu ⁇ nication between the 1:st and 2:nd communication units is possible, when the vehicle is located within a relatively short distance from the stand.
  • Such an information transmission system can e.g. be used at car tolls, i.e. such car tolls where automatic payment is effected, which permits the vehicle to travel a certain length.
  • the antennae or antenna for they can be combined into one, of the transmitters and receivers of the 1:st communication unit are placed at a certain height above the road with the antenna lobe so oriented that communica ⁇ tion is made possible with the 2:nd communication unit, in this case called a transponder, i.e. the antennae or the mutual antenna of its transmitter and receiver.
  • This transponder is suitably located inside the front window of the vehicle.
  • the communication axis is not too vertical, partly because certain vehicles have front win ⁇ dows close upon the vertical position, partly because a suitably inclined communication axis gives an increased length of communication with the vehicle and thereby the possibility of transmitting more data without increased demands on the data transmission speed.
  • the orientation of the antenna lobe of the l:st communica ⁇ tion unit must be such that communication with the 2:nd communication unit is possible irrespective of where on the path the vehicle is driven and irrespective of where behind the front window the 2:nd communication unit is located.
  • a problem hereby arising is that the wave between the an- tenna of the 1:st transmitter and the antenna of the 2:nd receiver can extend partly directly, and partly via a re ⁇ flection in the vehicle bonnet.
  • interference can occur between the wave that goes directly and the one that goes via a reflection.
  • the problem is that the combined signal fades when the vehicle passes the l.st communica ⁇ tion unit with the interference giving an addition or fade-out as is well known in the radio technique.
  • a known way to solve this problem with reflection is to provide said transmitters and receivers with circularly polarized antennae whereby the polarization of the re ⁇ flected wave is inversed in the reflex point and can thereby no longer interfere with the direct-going wave.
  • the reflex from a right-polarized wave will be left-polarized after reflection and thereby not receivable by a right-polarized antenna.
  • a circularly polarized system is, however, relativly com ⁇ plex and thereby expensive. This is due to the fact that the creation and reception of a circularly polarized wave require circuits for generating/receiving two linearly po- larized waves with a mutual phase angle difference of plus or minus 90° depending on whether the polarization is to be right- or left-oriented.
  • a known construction solution for circular polarization compared with a linearly pola ⁇ rized solution, requires a power divider, a phase changer and an additional feed point on the radiating element. There are, per se, other ways with thinner band to achieve circular polarization with maintained polarization qua ⁇ lity, take up manufacturing differences and admit diffe ⁇ rent frequency channels in the system.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to achieve an information transmission system of the kind mentioned in the introduction, which is simple in con- struction and which admits a relatively wide variation in orienting the antenna lobe of the l.st transmitter, and yet admits a safe information transmission despite the presence of more or less horizontal or vertical reflecting surfaces, primarily the vehicle bonnet.
  • An information transmission system is primarily characterized in that the 1:st transmitter is arranged to transmit via its antenna a linearly polarized wave, whose polarization vector (E vector) in the polarization plane forms principally an angle ⁇ with the horizontal component in the polarization plane, cc being preferably 45°, the 1:st and 2:nd recei ⁇ vers and the 2:nd transmitter being arranged to receive and transmit, respectively, a wave with corresponding po ⁇ larization, so that disturbing reflexes in existing prin- cipally horizontal and vertical surfaces on the vehicle are avoided.
  • E vector polarization vector
  • cc being preferably 45°
  • the 1:st and 2:nd recei ⁇ vers and the 2:nd transmitter being arranged to receive and transmit, respectively, a wave with corresponding po ⁇ larization, so that disturbing reflexes in existing prin- cipally horizontal and vertical surfaces on the vehicle are avoided.
  • the E field component of a linearly po ⁇ larized wave can be divided in two components, one paral ⁇ lel with the reflecting plane and the other perpendicular to the first component, this means that if a plane, linearly polarized wave incides at a gradient of 45° on the line which characterizes the direction of the hori ⁇ zontal component in the reflecting plane, the polarization of the plane, reflecting wave will be perpendicular to the polarization of the incident plane wave.
  • the receiving antenna i.e. in this case the 2:nd re ⁇ DCver
  • the 2:nd re ⁇ DC is arranged to receive a wave with the described polarization, it will not be capable of receiving, and thereby being disturbed by, a wave whose polarization has been turned 90° relative to the wave it is arranged to re ⁇ ceive.
  • the 2:nd communication unit, the transponder is mounted at the front window of the vehicle and the 1:st communication unit is mounted on said stand at a level essentially higher above the plane of said path than the 2:nd communication unit.
  • the 2:nd communication unit When applied at a car toll the 2:nd communication unit is suitably arranged to reflect the incoming wave, preferably after modulation of the frequency of the wave, for example through phase shift.
  • the information transmission system should be so designed that both reading and writing in data from the 1:st commu ⁇ nication unit from and to, respectively, the 2:nd communi ⁇ cation unit is possible through coding the wave.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a side-elevation of an information transmission system according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a diagram of the amplitude of a transmitted signal partly a) without interference from a reflected wave, and partly b) with interference from a reflected wave.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically the information transmission system in Fig 1, seen from the front;
  • Figure 4 shows schematically the antennae of a 2:nd commu- nication unit.
  • a 1:st communication unit is designated by 1, mounted on a stand 2.
  • a 2:nd communication unit 5 is mounted in the upper end behind a front window 5.
  • the l:st communication unit 1 is provided with l:st transmitters and l:st receivers, not shown in detail.
  • the antenna of the l:st transmitter which can be one with the antenna of the l:st receiver, shows an antenna lobe, which incorporates the antennae of the 2:nd receivers and 2:nd transmitters of the 2:nd com- munication unit, which antennae 2 can also be one mutual antenna.
  • FIG. 1 In the figure there is shown a direct-going wave from the l:st transmitter to the antenna of the second re ⁇ ceiver.
  • the path of a reflected wave is designated by 7.
  • figure 2 it is shown how the amplitude of the signal transmitted with the wave changes on the vehicle passing the l:st communication unit, i.e. with time, the graph A showing the undisturbed signal, and the graph B showing the fade-out that takes place, if a wave reflected in the vehicle bonnet 8 interferes with the direct-going wave.
  • the antenna arrangement is shown schematically in a 2:nd communication unit with the antenna 9 of a 2:nd receiver and antenna 10 of a 2:nd transmitter, the former arranged to receive a plane, linearly polarized wave, inclined at 45° according to the above-mentioned defini- tion, and the latter arranged to transmit a thus polarized wave.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Système de transmission d'informations utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques et comportant une première unité de communication (1) munie d'un premier émetteur et d'un premier récepteur, ainsi qu'une seconde unité de communication (5) munie d'un second récepteur et d'un second émetteur. La première unité de communication est montée sur un support immobile (2) et la second unité de communication (5) est montée sur un véhicule (3) roulant sur une piste (4). Les lobes d'antenne des émetteurs et des récepteurs sont conçus et orientés de manière à rendre possible une communication entre les première et seconde unités de communication lorsque le véhicule (3) est relativement peu éloigné du support (2) de la seconde unité. Ce système est principalement caractérisé en ce que le premier émetteur est configuré de sorte que son antenne émette une onde à polarisation rectiligne dont le vecteur de polarisation (vecteur E) dans le plan de polarisation forme un angle α avec la composante horizontale dans le plan de polarisation, α étant de préférence 45°. Les récepteurs et le second émetteur sont tous agecnés respectivement pour capteur et émettre une onde à polarisation correspondantes. Ainsi, on évite les réflexions gênantes dans les surfaces existantes essentiellement horizontales et verticales (8) du véhicule (3).
PCT/SE1991/000747 1990-11-07 1991-11-06 Systeme de transmission d'informations a l'aide d'ondes electromagnetiques, notamment de micro-ondes Ceased WO1992009059A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9003552-8 1990-11-07
SE9003552A SE467944B (sv) 1990-11-07 1990-11-07 Informationsoeverfoeringssystem med elektromagnetiska vaagor, saerskilt mikrovaagor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992009059A1 true WO1992009059A1 (fr) 1992-05-29

Family

ID=20380848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1991/000747 Ceased WO1992009059A1 (fr) 1990-11-07 1991-11-06 Systeme de transmission d'informations a l'aide d'ondes electromagnetiques, notamment de micro-ondes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0556259A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE467944B (fr)
WO (1) WO1992009059A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2553166A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-05-15 Rca Corp Multicellular microwave lens
GB1416504A (en) * 1972-06-30 1975-12-03 Rca Corp Harmonic radar detecting and ranging system for automotive vehicles
EP0237063A1 (fr) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-16 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Antennes directionnelles d'un système de navigation pour véhicules routiers
EP0289657A2 (fr) * 1986-11-27 1988-11-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Système de balises routières à rayons polarisés

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2553166A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-05-15 Rca Corp Multicellular microwave lens
GB1416504A (en) * 1972-06-30 1975-12-03 Rca Corp Harmonic radar detecting and ranging system for automotive vehicles
EP0237063A1 (fr) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-16 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Antennes directionnelles d'un système de navigation pour véhicules routiers
EP0289657A2 (fr) * 1986-11-27 1988-11-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Système de balises routières à rayons polarisés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9003552L (sv) 1992-05-08
SE467944B (sv) 1992-10-05
EP0556259A1 (fr) 1993-08-25
SE9003552D0 (sv) 1990-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Stockman Communication by means of reflected power
US5444742A (en) System for bidirectional data transmission between a plurality of stationary units and a vehicle
US6693581B2 (en) Device for transmitting data in a motor vehicle
CA2623401C (fr) Technique d'echantillonnage d'agencement lineaire entrelace destine a une imagerie d'ondes electromagnetiques
US9716315B2 (en) Automatic high-resolution adaptive beam-steering
KR101045809B1 (ko) 3중 대역 위성통신용 추적 안테나장치
EA000444B1 (ru) Способ многофункциональной интерактивной связи с передачей и приёмом сигналов с круговой/эллиптической поляризацией и система для его реализации
US5537672A (en) System for bidirectional data transmission between a beacon and a vehicle
US3798645A (en) Angular position determining systems using time scanned arrays
US4985707A (en) Retrodirective adaptive loop for meteor communications
CN105161852A (zh) 带有极化调整的平板天线
US3882393A (en) Communications system utilizing modulation of the characteristic polarizations of the ionosphere
GB1352085A (en) Satellite antenna autotrack system permitting error signals to appear at the earth station
WO1986000998A1 (fr) Systeme de poursuite a antenne avec commutation sequentielle de lobes
US3716856A (en) Polarization adaptive mti radar transponder
US3778824A (en) Radar system for detecting low-flying objects
WO1992009059A1 (fr) Systeme de transmission d'informations a l'aide d'ondes electromagnetiques, notamment de micro-ondes
US4670755A (en) Pulse radar apparatus
US2510692A (en) Direction finding system
US4679207A (en) Single channel tracking for frequency hopping communication systems
US5564069A (en) Communication for a data transmission for a moving vehicle to a stationary beacon
CA2076469A1 (fr) Systeme d'echanges de donnees par hyperfrequences, a emission et reception simultanees
US3355735A (en) Radar system with independent control of transmit and receive antenna patterns
JP3112746B2 (ja) 電波環境測定装置
US3142837A (en) Telemetry system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1991919842

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1991919842

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1991919842

Country of ref document: EP