WO1994007719A1 - Hydraulic braking system with antilock device - Google Patents
Hydraulic braking system with antilock device Download PDFInfo
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- WO1994007719A1 WO1994007719A1 PCT/EP1993/002566 EP9302566W WO9407719A1 WO 1994007719 A1 WO1994007719 A1 WO 1994007719A1 EP 9302566 W EP9302566 W EP 9302566W WO 9407719 A1 WO9407719 A1 WO 9407719A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- outlet valves
- outlet
- pump
- pressure medium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/44—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems
- B60T8/445—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition co-operating with a power-assist booster means associated with a master cylinder for controlling the release and reapplication of brake pressure through an interaction with the power assist device, i.e. open systems replenishing the released brake fluid volume into the brake piping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
- B60T8/404—Control of the pump unit
- B60T8/4059—Control of the pump unit involving the rate of delivery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/42—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition having expanding chambers for controlling pressure, i.e. closed systems
- B60T8/4275—Pump-back systems
- B60T8/4291—Pump-back systems having means to reduce or eliminate pedal kick-back
Definitions
- the invention relates to an anti-lock hydraulic brake system, with a master cylinder, with electrically actuable inlet and outlet valves for brake pressure modulation, with an electric motor-driven hydraulic pump for returning the pressure medium flowing out in the brake pressure reduction phases from the wheel brakes via the outlet valves into the master cylinder and / or in the wheel brakes, with sensors for determining the controlled variables and with an electronic circuit for evaluating the sensor signals and for generating valve actuation and pump control signals.
- ABS systems Anti-lock braking systems of this type are known.
- the pumps available for returning the pressure medium which is derived from a wheel brake cylinder via an outlet valve during a pressure reduction control, must of course be designed in such a way that they provide the delivery rate required in the worst case at the maximum possible back pressure.
- the motor-pump unit is therefore oversized for the large number of ABS brakes that only require a fraction of the maximum possible output. In the "normal case”, this leads to excessive delivery rates and results in disturbing pump, motor and valve noises as well as undesired pedal movements that impair comfort. It is also already known to reduce the speed of a hydraulic pump in order to reduce the disturbing noises if this allows the delivery capacity required in the respective situation (DE 40 32 876 AI).
- the invention is based on the object of designing a brake system in such a way that the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump required in the respective situation is determined as precisely as possible and the delivery rate can consequently be limited to this value.
- a low-pressure accumulator is connected to the outlet of the outlet valve, the volume absorption of which is evaluated as a measure of the quantity of pressure medium flowing through the outlet valve.
- the volume flow of the pressure medium flowing through the outlet valves and / or the volume flow changes can also be evaluated as control variables. If the low-pressure accumulator contains a piston that can be displaced against spring force when absorbing pressure medium, it is expedient to measure this piston displacement with the aid of a displacement sensor. The output signals of this displacement sensor then provide direct information about the current storage content of the low-pressure accumulator, the volume flow and / or changes in volume flow.
- a vehicle wheel 1 is connected to a brake circuit I of a master brake cylinder 3 via an electrically or electromagnetically actuable inlet valve 2.
- the inlet valve is switched to passage in its rest position.
- a similar outlet valve 4 is present, which, however, does not allow any pressure medium flow in its rest position.
- the pressure medium derived via this outlet valve 4 is returned via a hydraulic pump 5 into the brake circuit I or into the master cylinder 3 and / or into the wheel brake 6 of the wheel 1.
- the hydraulic pump 5 is driven by means of an electric motor M; for variable control of the motor M, a contact m is indicated symbolically.
- a low-pressure accumulator 8 is connected to the hydraulic line 7 connecting the outlet of the outlet valve 4 to the suction side of the hydraulic pump 5.
- a storage chamber 9 of the low-pressure accumulator 8 is delimited by the end face of a piston 10, which can be displaced against the force of a spring 11.
- the piston stroke is measured with the aid of a displacement sensor 12, which emits an electrical signal corresponding to the stroke.
- a pressure sensor 13 is thus present in the storage chamber 9 of the low-pressure accumulator 8.
- the pressure medium volume V, the volume flow V and the volume flow change V can also be determined and evaluated for the control via the pressure volume identifier of the accumulator.
- the brake system also includes an electronic controller 14 which logically combines input signals supplied by sensors, evaluates them and generates control signals.
- the controller 14 is supplied with the output signals of so-called wheel sensors 15 and the output signals from the pressure sensor 13 and / or the displacement sensor 12.
- the output signals A 1 to A, A serve to control the inlet and outlet valves 2, 4 and - via the contact m - the drive motor M of the hydraulic pump 5.
- the figure shows the connection of only one vehicle wheel 1 to the master cylinder 3 of the brake system.
- Master cylinders with two hydraulically separated brake circuits, to which the wheels of a vehicle diagonal are connected, are very often used these days.
- a brake system of the type shown works in principle as follows:
- Low-pressure accumulator 8 favors, which receives the pressure medium volume derived via the outlet valve 4 in the start-up phase of the pump 5.
- the piston 10 of the low-pressure accumulator 8 is displaced against the (relatively low) force of the return spring 11.
- Essential to the invention is the sensing of the displacement of the piston 10 as a measure of the amount of pressure medium received by the low-pressure accumulator 8 and / or the sensing of the pressure in the low-pressure accumulator 8.
- the same pressure prevails at the outlet of the outlet valve 4, on the suction side of the hydraulic pump 5 and in the pressure medium line 7.
- the amount of pressure medium in the memory 8 can be very easily measure, for example with the help of the displacement sensor 12, which sits on the piston rod.
- the volume flow V and, if necessary, the volume flow changes can also be determined from the sensor signals.
- the aim of the invention is to adapt the control of the hydraulic or return pump 5 as precisely as possible to the volume requirement in the respective control situation.
- the speed of the pump which largely determines the delivery rate, will be in most situations far below the nominal or maximum value of the pump, which is a decisive reduction in noise and increased comfort, e.g. Reduction in pedal movements.
- the pump motor M is controlled with a variable voltage signal or preferably with a pulse sequence, the pulse duration / pulse pause ratio of which is variable.
- the pulse duration / pulse pause ratio is determined by the controller 14, the output signal of the displacement sensor 12 and / or the pressure sensor 13 making a decisive contribution to the exact determination of the required delivery volume of the pump 5 and thus to the formation of the control signal.
- a displacement sensor or a pressure sensor may be sufficient.
- Mutual monitoring is possible if both sensor types are available.
- the signal evaluation is expediently not only to include the instantaneous pressure and / or the position of the piston 10, but also the gradients or changes in these variables, in that the first and / or second derivative of the piston movement and / or the Pressure are formed and evaluated.
- the prerequisite for an exact adaptation of the pump delivery capacity to the respective, fluctuating pressure medium requirement is created by inserting simple, inexpensive sensors at the outlet of the outlet valve 4 and / or at the low-pressure accumulator 8.
- the sensors provided for controlling the hydraulic pump 5 also provide information about the control process, which of course can also be included in the anti-lock control.
- the actual pressure in the wheel brake 6, which is an important control variable, is measured or estimated in practice only indirectly, namely by evaluating the valve actuation times.
- the output signals of the displacement and pressure sensor 13 allow conclusions to be drawn about the pressure in the wheel brake 6.
- the pressure sensor 13 is particularly unnecessary if the pressure curve can be determined by the volume movement measured with the displacement sensor 12 as a function of the characteristic curve of the low-pressure accumulator 8.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Blockiergeschützte hydraulische Bremsanlage Anti-lock hydraulic brake system
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine blockiergeschützte hydraulische Bremsanlage, mit einem Hauptzylinder, mit elektrisch betätigbaren Ein- und Auslaßventilen zur Bremsdruckmodulation, mit einer elektromotorisch angetriebenen Hydraulikpumpe zur Rückförderung des in den Bremsdruckabbauphasen aus den Radbremsen über die Auslaßventile abfließenden Druckmittels in den Hauptzylinder und/oder in die Radbremsen, mit Sensoren zur Ermittlung der Regelgrößen und mit einer elektronischen Schaltung zur Auswertung der Sensorsignale und zur Erzeugung von Ventilbetätigungs- und PumpenansteuerungsSignalen.The invention relates to an anti-lock hydraulic brake system, with a master cylinder, with electrically actuable inlet and outlet valves for brake pressure modulation, with an electric motor-driven hydraulic pump for returning the pressure medium flowing out in the brake pressure reduction phases from the wheel brakes via the outlet valves into the master cylinder and / or in the wheel brakes, with sensors for determining the controlled variables and with an electronic circuit for evaluating the sensor signals and for generating valve actuation and pump control signals.
Blockiergeschützte Bremsanlagen (ABS-Anlagen) dieser Art sind bekannt. Die zur Rückförderung des Druckmittels, das während einer Regelung zum Druckabbau aus einem Radbremszylinder über ein Auslaßventil abgeleitet wird, vorhandenen Pumpen müssen natürlich derart ausgelegt werden, daß sie die im ungünstigsten Fall benötigte Förderleistung bei dem maximal möglichen Gegendruck erbringen. Für die Vielzahl aller ABS-Bremsungen, die nur einen Bruchteil der maximal möglichen Leistung erfordern, ist folglich das Motor-Pumpen-Aggregat überdimensioniert. Dies führt im "Normalfall" zu viel zu hohen Förderleistungen und hat störende Pumpen-, Motor- und Ventilgeräusche sowie unerwünschte, den Komfort beeinträchtigende Pedalbewegungen zur Folge. Es ist auch bereits bekannt,_ die Drehzahl einer Hydraulikpumpe zur Minderung der störenden Geräusche zu verringern, wenn dies die in der jeweiligen Situation benötigte Förderleistung zuläßt (DE 40 32 876 AI).Anti-lock braking systems (ABS systems) of this type are known. The pumps available for returning the pressure medium, which is derived from a wheel brake cylinder via an outlet valve during a pressure reduction control, must of course be designed in such a way that they provide the delivery rate required in the worst case at the maximum possible back pressure. The motor-pump unit is therefore oversized for the large number of ABS brakes that only require a fraction of the maximum possible output. In the "normal case", this leads to excessive delivery rates and results in disturbing pump, motor and valve noises as well as undesired pedal movements that impair comfort. It is also already known to reduce the speed of a hydraulic pump in order to reduce the disturbing noises if this allows the delivery capacity required in the respective situation (DE 40 32 876 AI).
Ferner ist es aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 40 20 449 AI bereits bekannt, die Hydraulikpumpe einer ABS-Anlage, die einen Hauptzylinder mit einem Wegschalter aufweist, durch eine Folge kurzer Pulse anzusteuern, deren Pausen in Abhängigkeit von dem Druckmittelbedarf und von der Richtung der erforderlichen Positionierung des Hauptzylinderkolbens variiert werden kann. Als Meßgröße zur Bestimmung des Druckmittelbedarfes werden dabei die Einschaltzeiten von Magnetventilen, die zur Bremsdruckmodulation dienen, ausgewertet.Furthermore, it is already known from published patent application DE 40 20 449 AI to control the hydraulic pump of an ABS system, which has a master cylinder with a limit switch, by means of a series of short pulses, the pauses of which depend on the pressure medium requirement and on the direction of the required positioning of the master cylinder piston can be varied. The switch-on times of solenoid valves, which are used for brake pressure modulation, are evaluated as a measurement variable for determining the pressure medium requirement.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Bremsanlage derart auszugestalten, daß die in der jeweiligen Situation benötigte Förderleistung der Hydraulikpumpe möglichst genau ermittelt wird und folglich die Förderleistung auf diesen Wert beschränkt werden kann.The invention is based on the object of designing a brake system in such a way that the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump required in the respective situation is determined as precisely as possible and the delivery rate can consequently be limited to this value.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dient die in Anspruch 1 beschriebene Weiterbildung der eingangs genannten Bremsanlage. Diese Weiterbildung besteht darin, daß Einrichtungen zur Messung des am Ausgang der Auslaßventile herrschenden Druckes und/oder der über die Auslaßventile fließenden Druckmittelmengen vorhanden sind, daß mit Hilfe der elektronischen Schaltung die in der jeweiligen Regelungssituation benötigte Förderleistung der Hydraulikpumpe aus den Ausgangssignalen der Messeinrichtungen ermittelt wird und daß die Drehzahl der Hydraulikpumpe in Abhängigkeit von der benötigten Förderleistung variiert wird.The further development of the brake system mentioned at the beginning serves to solve this problem. This development consists in the fact that devices for measuring the pressure prevailing at the outlet of the outlet valves and / or the pressure medium quantities flowing through the outlet valves are present are that with the help of the electronic circuit the delivery rate of the hydraulic pump required in the respective control situation is determined from the output signals of the measuring devices and that the speed of the hydraulic pump is varied depending on the delivery rate required.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist an dem Ausgang des Auslaßventiles ein Niederdruckspeicher angeschlossen, dessen Volumenaufnahme als Maß für die über das Auslaßventil fließende Druckmittelmenge ausgewertet wird. Anstatt der Volumenaufnahme oder zusätzlich zu diesem Meßwert können auch der Volumenstrom des über die Auslaßventile fließenden Druckmittels und/oder die Volumenstromänderungen als Regelgrößen ausgewertet werden. Enthält der Niederdruckspeicher einen bei Aufnahme von Druckmittel gegen Federkraft verschiebbaren Kolben, ist es zweckmäßig, diese Kolbenverschiebung mit Hilfe eines Wegsensors zu messen. Die Ausgangssignale dieses Wegsensors geben dann unmittelbar Aufschluß über den momentanen Speicherinhalt des Niederdruckspeichers, über den Volumenstrom und/oder über Volumenstromänderungen.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a low-pressure accumulator is connected to the outlet of the outlet valve, the volume absorption of which is evaluated as a measure of the quantity of pressure medium flowing through the outlet valve. Instead of the volume absorption or in addition to this measured value, the volume flow of the pressure medium flowing through the outlet valves and / or the volume flow changes can also be evaluated as control variables. If the low-pressure accumulator contains a piston that can be displaced against spring force when absorbing pressure medium, it is expedient to measure this piston displacement with the aid of a displacement sensor. The output signals of this displacement sensor then provide direct information about the current storage content of the low-pressure accumulator, the volume flow and / or changes in volume flow.
Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung gehen aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beigefügten Abbildung hervor, die in prinzipieller Vereinfachung die wesentlichen Komponenten einer Bremsanlage nach der Erfindung wiedergibt. Nach dieser Abbildung ist ein Fahrzeugrad 1 über ein elektrisch bzw. elektromagnetisch betätigbares Einlaßventil 2 an einen Bremskreis I eines HauptbremsZylinders 3 angeschlossen. Das Einlaßventil ist in seiner Ruhestellung auf Durchlaß geschaltet.Further features, advantages and possible uses of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the attached figure, which, in principle, represents the essential components of a brake system according to the invention. According to this illustration, a vehicle wheel 1 is connected to a brake circuit I of a master brake cylinder 3 via an electrically or electromagnetically actuable inlet valve 2. The inlet valve is switched to passage in its rest position.
Zum Druckabbau während einer Blockierschutzregelung ist ein gleichartiges Auslaßventil 4 vorhanden, das jedoch in seiner Ruhestellung keinen Druckmitteldurchfluß zuläßt. Das über dieses Auslaßventil 4 abgeleitete Druckmittel wird über eine Hydraulikpumpe 5 in den Bremskreis I bzw. in den Hauptzylinder 3 und/oder in die Radbremse 6 des Rades 1 zurückgefördert.To reduce pressure during an anti-lock control, a similar outlet valve 4 is present, which, however, does not allow any pressure medium flow in its rest position. The pressure medium derived via this outlet valve 4 is returned via a hydraulic pump 5 into the brake circuit I or into the master cylinder 3 and / or into the wheel brake 6 of the wheel 1.
Die Hydraulikpumpe 5 wird mit Hilfe eines Elektromotors M angetrieben; zur variablen Ansteuerung des Motors M ist ein Kontakt m symbolisch angedeutet.The hydraulic pump 5 is driven by means of an electric motor M; for variable control of the motor M, a contact m is indicated symbolically.
Außerdem ist an die den Ausgang des Auslaßventils 4 mit der Saugseite der Hydraulikpumpe 5 verbindende Hydraulikleitung 7 ein Niederdruckspeicher 8 angeschlossen. Eine Speicherkammer 9 des Niederdruckspeichers 8 wird durch die Stirnfläche eines Kolbens 10, der gegen die Kraft einer Feder 11 verschiebbar ist, begrenzt. Der Kolbenhub wird in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit Hilfe eines Wegsensors 12, der ein dem Hub entsprechendes elektrisches Signal abgibt, gemessen. Zur Bestimmung des hydraulischen Druckes in der Hydraulikleitung 7 und damit in der Speicherkammer 9 des Niederdruckspeichers 8 ist ein Drucksensor 13 vorhanden. Über die Druckvolumenkennung des Speichers können auch das Druckmittelvolumen V, der Volumenstrom V und die Volumenstromänderung V ermittelt und für die Regelung ausgewertet werden.In addition, a low-pressure accumulator 8 is connected to the hydraulic line 7 connecting the outlet of the outlet valve 4 to the suction side of the hydraulic pump 5. A storage chamber 9 of the low-pressure accumulator 8 is delimited by the end face of a piston 10, which can be displaced against the force of a spring 11. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the piston stroke is measured with the aid of a displacement sensor 12, which emits an electrical signal corresponding to the stroke. To determine the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic line 7 and a pressure sensor 13 is thus present in the storage chamber 9 of the low-pressure accumulator 8. The pressure medium volume V, the volume flow V and the volume flow change V can also be determined and evaluated for the control via the pressure volume identifier of the accumulator.
Schließlich gehört zu der erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage noch ein elektronischer Regler 14, der von Sensoren gelieferte EingangsSignale logisch verknüpft, auswertet und Steuersignale erzeugt. Im einzelnen werden dem Regler 14 die Ausgangssignale sogenannter Radsensoren 15 sowie die Ausgangssignale des Drucksensors 13 und/oder des Wegsensors 12 zugeführt. Die Ausgangssignale A1 bis A , A dienen zur Ansteuerung der Ein- und Auslaßventile 2,4 und - über den Kontakt m - des Antriebsmotors M der Hydraulikpumpe 5.Finally, the brake system according to the invention also includes an electronic controller 14 which logically combines input signals supplied by sensors, evaluates them and generates control signals. In particular, the controller 14 is supplied with the output signals of so-called wheel sensors 15 and the output signals from the pressure sensor 13 and / or the displacement sensor 12. The output signals A 1 to A, A serve to control the inlet and outlet valves 2, 4 and - via the contact m - the drive motor M of the hydraulic pump 5.
Die Abbildung zeigt den Anschluß nur eines Fahrzeugrades 1 an den Hauptzylinder 3 der Bremsanlage. Sehr häufig werden heutzutage Hauptzylinder mit zwei hydraulisch getrennten Bremskreisen, an denen jeweils die Räder einer Fahrzeugdiagonalen angeschlossen sind, verwendet. Weiterhin hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, den Bremsdruck in den Vorderrädern über radindividuelle Einlaß-/Auslaßventilpaare (2,4) unabhängig voneinander, den Bremsdruck in den Hinterrädern dagegen nach dem "Select low"-Prinzip gemeinsam zu modulieren; für diese gemeinsame Regelung des Hinterachs-Bremsdrucks sind allerdings bei diagonaler Bremskreisaufteilung ebenfalls jeweils ein Einlaß-/Auslaßventilpaar erforderlich. Eine Bremsanlage der dargestellten Art funktioniert im Prinzip wie folgt:The figure shows the connection of only one vehicle wheel 1 to the master cylinder 3 of the brake system. Master cylinders with two hydraulically separated brake circuits, to which the wheels of a vehicle diagonal are connected, are very often used these days. Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous to modulate the brake pressure in the front wheels independently of one another via wheel-specific inlet / outlet valve pairs (2, 4), and to modulate the brake pressure in the rear wheels together according to the "select low"principle; for this common regulation of the rear axle brake pressure, however, a pair of intake / exhaust valves is also required in the case of diagonal brake circuit division. A brake system of the type shown works in principle as follows:
Solange der Radlauf stabil ist, bleiben die Ventile in der dargestellten Ruhelage; das Einlaßventil 2 ist auf Durchlaß, das Auslaßventil 4 auf Sperren geschaltet. Die Hydraulikpumpe 5 steht still.As long as the wheel arch is stable, the valves remain in the rest position shown; the inlet valve 2 is switched to passage, the outlet valve 4 to block. The hydraulic pump 5 stands still.
Lassen die Sensorsignale erkennen, daß ein Rad, hier das Rad 1, zu blockieren droht, wird durch Ansteuerung des Einlaß- und des Auslaßventiles 2 bzw. 4 und gleichzeitige Einschaltung der Hydraulikpumpe 5 der Bremsdruck in der Radbremse des Rades 1 abgebaut. Ein schneller, wirkungsvoller Bremsdruckabbau, auch aus hohem Druckniveau, wird dabei durch denLet the sensor signals recognize that a wheel, here the wheel 1, threatens to block, the brake pressure in the wheel brake of the wheel 1 is reduced by actuating the inlet and outlet valves 2 and 4 and simultaneously switching on the hydraulic pump 5. A quick, effective brake pressure reduction, even from a high pressure level, is achieved by the
Niederdruckspeicher 8 begünstigt, der in der Anlaufphase der Pumpe 5 das über das Auslaßventil 4 abgeleitete Druckmittelvolumen aufnimmt. Der Kolben 10 des Niederdruckspeichers 8 wird dabei gegen die (relativ geringe) Kraft der Rückstellfeder 11 verschoben.Low-pressure accumulator 8 favors, which receives the pressure medium volume derived via the outlet valve 4 in the start-up phase of the pump 5. The piston 10 of the low-pressure accumulator 8 is displaced against the (relatively low) force of the return spring 11.
Erfindungswesentlich ist das Sensieren der Verschiebung des Kolbens 10 als Maß für die von dem Niederdruckspeicher 8 aufgenomme Druckmittelmenge und/oder das Sensieren des Druckes im Niederdruckspeicher 8. Der gleiche Druck herrscht am Ausgang des Auslaßventiles 4, an der Saugseite der Hydraulikpumpe 5 und in der Druckmittelleitung 7. Die Druckmittelmenge im Speicher 8 läßt sich sehr einfach messen, z.B. mit Hilfe des Wegsensors 12, der an der Kolbenstange sitzt. Aus den Sensorsignalen lassen sich auch, wie bereits erwähnt, der Volumenstrom V und erforderlichenfalls die Volumenstromänderungen ermitteln.Essential to the invention is the sensing of the displacement of the piston 10 as a measure of the amount of pressure medium received by the low-pressure accumulator 8 and / or the sensing of the pressure in the low-pressure accumulator 8. The same pressure prevails at the outlet of the outlet valve 4, on the suction side of the hydraulic pump 5 and in the pressure medium line 7. The amount of pressure medium in the memory 8 can be very easily measure, for example with the help of the displacement sensor 12, which sits on the piston rod. As already mentioned, the volume flow V and, if necessary, the volume flow changes can also be determined from the sensor signals.
Es ist Ziel der Erfindung, die Ansteuerung der Hydraulik- bzw. Rückförderpumpe 5 möglichst genau dem Volumenbedarf in der jeweiligen Regelungssituation anzupassen. Die Drehzahl der Pumpe, die die Förderleistung maßgeblich bestimmt, wird in den allermeisten Situationen weit unter dem Nennwert oder Maximalwert der Pumpe liegen, was eine entscheidende Geräuschminderung und Komforterhöhung, z.B. Verringerung der Pedalbewegungen, zur Folge hat. Der Pumpenmotor M wird mit einem variablen Spannungssignal oder vorzugsweise mit einer Pulsfolge, deren Pulsdauer-/Pulspausenverhältnis variabel ist, angesteuert. Die Amplitude bzw. dasThe aim of the invention is to adapt the control of the hydraulic or return pump 5 as precisely as possible to the volume requirement in the respective control situation. The speed of the pump, which largely determines the delivery rate, will be in most situations far below the nominal or maximum value of the pump, which is a decisive reduction in noise and increased comfort, e.g. Reduction in pedal movements. The pump motor M is controlled with a variable voltage signal or preferably with a pulse sequence, the pulse duration / pulse pause ratio of which is variable. The amplitude or the
Pulsdauer-/Pulspausenverhältnis legt der Regler 14 fest, wobei erfindungsgemäß das AusgangsSignal des Wegsensors 12 und/oder des Drucksensors 13 einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur exakten Bestimmung des erforderlichen Fördervolumens der Pumpe 5 und damit zur Bildung des Ansteuersignais leisten.The pulse duration / pulse pause ratio is determined by the controller 14, the output signal of the displacement sensor 12 and / or the pressure sensor 13 making a decisive contribution to the exact determination of the required delivery volume of the pump 5 and thus to the formation of the control signal.
Je nach Aufbau und Auslegung der speziellen Bremsanlage und der verschiedenen Komponenten dürfte ein Wegsensor oder ein Drucksensor genügen. Sind beide Sensortypen vorhanden, ist eine gegenseitige Überwachung möglich. In die Signalauswertung werden zweckmäßigerweise nicht nur der momentane Druck und/oder die Position des Kolbens 10 einbezogen, sondern auch die Gradienten oder Änderungen dieser Größen, indem bei der Signalauswertung mit Hilfe des Reglers 14 die erste und/oder zweite Ableitung der Kolbenbewegung und/oder des Druckes gebildet und ausgewertet werden.Depending on the design and design of the special brake system and the various components, a displacement sensor or a pressure sensor may be sufficient. Mutual monitoring is possible if both sensor types are available. In The signal evaluation is expediently not only to include the instantaneous pressure and / or the position of the piston 10, but also the gradients or changes in these variables, in that the first and / or second derivative of the piston movement and / or the Pressure are formed and evaluated.
Erfindungsgemäß wird also durch Einfügung einfacher, kostengünstiger Sensoren am Ausgang des Auslaßventiles 4 und/oder am Niederdruckspeicher 8 die Vorraussetzung für eine exakte Anpassung der Pumpen-Förderleistung an den jeweiligen, in weiten Grenzen schwankenden Druckmittelbedarf geschaffen.According to the invention, the prerequisite for an exact adaptation of the pump delivery capacity to the respective, fluctuating pressure medium requirement is created by inserting simple, inexpensive sensors at the outlet of the outlet valve 4 and / or at the low-pressure accumulator 8.
Die an sich zur Steuerung der Hydraulikpumpe 5 vorgesehenen Sensoren liefern auch Informationen über den RegelungsVorgang, die natürlich auch in die Blockierschutzregelung einbezogen werden können. Der tatsächliche Druck in der Radbremse 6, der eine wichtige Regelgröße ist, wird nämlich in der Praxis nur indirekt, nämlich durch Auswertung der Ventilbetätigungszeiten, gemessen bzw. abgeschätzt. Die Ausgangssignale des Weg- und Drucksensors 13 lassen Rückschlüsse auf den Druck in der Radbremse 6 zu.The sensors provided for controlling the hydraulic pump 5 also provide information about the control process, which of course can also be included in the anti-lock control. The actual pressure in the wheel brake 6, which is an important control variable, is measured or estimated in practice only indirectly, namely by evaluating the valve actuation times. The output signals of the displacement and pressure sensor 13 allow conclusions to be drawn about the pressure in the wheel brake 6.
Der Drucksensor 13 ist insbesondere dann entbehrlich, wenn durch die mit dem Wegsensor 12 gemessene Volumenbewegung in Abhängigkeit von der Kennlinie des Niederdruckspeichers 8 der Druckverlauf ermittelt werden kann. The pressure sensor 13 is particularly unnecessary if the pressure curve can be determined by the volume movement measured with the displacement sensor 12 as a function of the characteristic curve of the low-pressure accumulator 8.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4232614.1 | 1992-09-29 | ||
| DE19924232614 DE4232614A1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Anti-lock hydraulic brake system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994007719A1 true WO1994007719A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
Family
ID=6469123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1993/002566 Ceased WO1994007719A1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1993-09-22 | Hydraulic braking system with antilock device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4232614A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994007719A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997047503A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and circuit for regulating a pump motor in a vehicle control system |
| EP1388476A3 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic unit for a vehicle brake system with an anti-lock device |
| EP1977943A3 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2010-09-08 | FTE automotive GmbH | Hydraulic anti-lock braking system, in particular for motorcycles |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4412822A1 (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-19 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Hydraulic brake system with slip control |
| DE4434960A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-04 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Hydraulic brake system and pressure control method |
| DE4440517B4 (en) * | 1994-11-12 | 2004-04-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for controlling a return pump |
| DE19602363A1 (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-07-31 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Brake pressure control systems |
| DE19611550A1 (en) * | 1996-03-23 | 1997-09-25 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Pumpless brake pressure control system for motor vehicles |
| DE19632311B4 (en) | 1996-08-12 | 2006-10-12 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Method for controlling the hydraulic pump of a controlled brake system |
| DE19735032B4 (en) * | 1997-08-13 | 2008-01-31 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Method for controlling a pump in a blockage-protected brake system of a motor vehicle |
| US7174247B2 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2007-02-06 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Method for improving the regulatory behavior of motor vehicle regulatory systems |
| DE102004045391A1 (en) * | 2004-09-18 | 2006-03-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling or regulating an electronically controllable vehicle brake system operating according to the feedback principle and electronically controllable vehicle brake system operating according to the feedback principle |
| DE102006004745A1 (en) * | 2005-04-02 | 2006-11-30 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Hydraulic brake system with anti-lock control |
| EP2040964B1 (en) | 2006-07-11 | 2012-10-31 | Continental Teves AG & Co. oHG | Motor vehicle brake system having a low pressure accumulator |
| DE102012223497A1 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-18 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Brake system for motor vehicle, has inlet valves opened during normal braking, and system pressure conducting sections formed between inlet connections and pressure side of pump for assigning pressure medium volume flow to brakes |
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| WO1997047503A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and circuit for regulating a pump motor in a vehicle control system |
| EP1388476A3 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic unit for a vehicle brake system with an anti-lock device |
| EP1977943A3 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2010-09-08 | FTE automotive GmbH | Hydraulic anti-lock braking system, in particular for motorcycles |
| US8205949B2 (en) | 2007-04-05 | 2012-06-26 | Fte Automotive Gmbh | Anti-lock hydraulic braking system, in particular for motorized two-wheel vehicles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4232614A1 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
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