WO1994008452A1 - Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut - Google Patents

Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994008452A1
WO1994008452A1 PCT/NO1992/000175 NO9200175W WO9408452A1 WO 1994008452 A1 WO1994008452 A1 WO 1994008452A1 NO 9200175 W NO9200175 W NO 9200175W WO 9408452 A1 WO9408452 A1 WO 9408452A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wing
vertical wing
hold
vertical
trawl net
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO1992/000175
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Torbjørn ANTONSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP92922351A priority Critical patent/EP0679056A1/fr
Priority to PCT/NO1992/000175 priority patent/WO1994008452A1/fr
Publication of WO1994008452A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994008452A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K73/00—Drawn nets
    • A01K73/02—Trawling nets
    • A01K73/04—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof
    • A01K73/05—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof for vertical sheering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K73/00—Drawn nets
    • A01K73/02—Trawling nets
    • A01K73/04—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K73/00—Drawn nets
    • A01K73/02—Trawling nets
    • A01K73/04—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof
    • A01K73/045—Devices for spreading or positioning, e.g. control thereof for lateral sheering, e.g. trawl boards

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device which can hold a trawl net open while the trawl is being towed by the trawler, and which will contribute to the trawl pressing against the sea bottom.
  • the invention has the same function as an otter board. Fishing is effected with passive or with active equipment.
  • Equipment is said to be passive when the fishing equipment remains passive and the fish must play an active role in order to be caught.
  • passive equipment are the long line and other equipment with hooks where the fish is lured into biting a bait to be caught, or a net which is thrown in the sea while the fish is expected to swim into it in order to be caught.
  • Active fishing equipment is equipment which plays an active role while the fish is caught by the equipment without having played any active part.
  • the trawl is an example of such active equipment.
  • a trawl is a bag-like net towed by its mouth after a boat while the net traps whatever fish is swimming in its way. The trawl sweeps the fish up without the fish playing any active part in order to be caught.
  • the trawl is drawn by two towing warps attached to either side of the boat and to the extremities of the trawl mouth. Between the towing warp and the_place where it is fastened to the trawl mouth, a flat otter board is positioned obliquely to keep the trawl mouth as wide as possible during towing.
  • Figure 1 shows a common type of equipment with an otter board on one side of a trawl net 1, one otter board 2 and a towing warp 3.
  • the latter is attached to the boat and enters the figure at left where it is fastened to a bridle 4', 4" with different leg lengths, the shortest leg being attached to the leading edge of the otter board 2 and the longest leg being fastened to the trailing edge.
  • the otter board will lie at a slight angle to the towing direction shown by the arrow 5.
  • a new bridle-like trawl warp 6' , 6" , 6, is attached. Due to the oblique position of the otter board 2 relative to the towing direction of the trawl 1, a force in a direction shown by the arrow 7 will press the otter board sideways and open the trawl mouth wide.
  • the otter boards 2 are hydrodynamically inadequately shaped, with the result that much of the pulling force from the boat to the trawl is wasted in friction which slows the trawl down.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a device to replace otter boards, this device being formed to pull the trawl mouth open and to draw it down towards the sea bottom.
  • the necessary forces are obtained by utilizing hydrodynamic shapes similar to those of wings on an aircraft, to achieve a suction effect on the pressure forces on the correct side of the shaped device, resulting in forces giving the device an outward lateral and downward direction.
  • This is achieved by providing the device with a vertical wing which creates a lateral force holding the trawl mouth open, and a horizontal wing which pulls the trawl downwards.
  • the device is placed on the fishing equipment where ordinary otter boards would normally be attached, i.e. one on each towing warp immediately prior to the trawl mouth. Further details of the invention will appear from the following description of one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows otter boards of the traditional type.
  • Figure 2 is a vertical lateral view of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal view of the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a vertical view different from figure 2, i.e. perpendicular to the direction of figure 2.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the main characteristics of the inventive device.
  • the present invention follows hydrodynamic principles to obtain a shape offering the least possible resistance to the water, and utilizing hydrodynamic forces to create the necessary directional forces holding the trawl mouth open and the trawl down on the sea bottom.
  • the device consists of a foot bar 8. The bar is not shaped to make use of the hydrodynamic forces in the water, but solely to reduce direct friction resistance. Its leading edge is provided with a fastening loop 9 to attach the towing warp 3 coming from the trawler.
  • a vertical wing 10 is provided. Its cross-sectional profile is similar to that of a conventional aircraft wing, its convex face facing the direction in which the force will be applied. See figure 4. This implies that the direction of force F h resulting from the vertical wing 10 will be out of the plane of the paper in figure 2. See also figure 4.
  • a horizontal wing 11 with its convex face facing downwards is provided.
  • the horizontal wing 11 is attached to the lower part of the vertical wing
  • the horizontal wing 11 creates a force F v directed towards the sea bottom.
  • a bottom warp fastening loop 12 is provided to fasten the trawl's bottom warp.
  • a trawl has four towing warps attached to it. To each side of the trawl are attached a top warp and a bottom warp.
  • a top warp fastening loop 13 In the upper part of the vertical wing's 10 trailing edge is provided a top warp fastening loop 13.
  • the top warp and the bottom warp help keep the trawl net open during fishing.
  • the vertical wing 10 and the horizontal wing 11 can both consist of an internal frame, like conventional aircraft wings, or of an injected foam material. Another solution would be to keep the wings hollow to be able to fill them with a product of high specific weight if need be, in order to make the wings heavy enough to reach the correct depth in the water.
  • Another embodiment of the otter board device which would provide the necessary downward and lateral suction forces, can be obtained by replacing the horizontal wing 11 with a profiled body resembling a quarter egg, or even more similar to the profile of an aircraft wing.
  • the horizontal wing 11 it will be necessary to fold the horizontal wing 11 back against the vertical wing 10, for example to cancel the downward force.
  • This can be achieved by fastening the horizontal wing 11 to the vertical wing 10 with hinged devices which enable the horizontal wing 11 to be lifted or lowered at will during fishing.
  • the necessary power to achieve such manoeuvring of the horizontal wing 11 can be provided by pneumatic cylinders and remote controlled magnetic valves utilizing the pressure difference between the surface of the water and the bottom of the sea. This can be done by means of a pressure tank storing the pressure which develops when the otter board descends to the sea bottom or ascends to the surface.
  • the above-mentioned egg shape for the proposed body in replacement of the horizontal wing 11 can be utilized when the trawl is being drawn up to create a suction force in an upward direction in the water.
  • this body When this body is hinged along its upper edge to the vertical wing 10, it can be made to swing upwards and create a lateral and upward suction force when the otter board, directed at an angle of 45°, is being pulled.
  • the upward manoeuvre of the body can be achieved by means of the pressure difference and the pneumatic cylinders as mentioned above.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif pour maintenir ouvert un chalut et pour le maintenir appuyé contre le fond marin. Ce dispositif se compose d'une base en forme de barre horizontale (8) à laquelle est attachée une aile verticale (10) destinée à créer une force de traction latérale sur le chalut. A angles droits par rapport à l'aile verticale (10) est attachée une aile horizontale (11) destinée à créer une force verticale vers le bas. Les deux ailes sont fabriquées en forme d'ailes d'avion, afin d'utiliser les principes hydrodynamiques pour la création des forces mentionnées ci-dessus, lors du remorquage du dispositif dans l'eau. Dans d'autres variantes, on peut inclure un dispositif avec un profil d'aile d'avion attaché à l'aile verticale (10) et un corps fabriqué en forme de quartier de coquille d'÷uf, dont la partie arrondie est dirigée vers le bas, ce corps étant également attaché à l'aile verticale (10). Le bord d'attaque de la base en forme de barre (8) comporte une boucle de fixation (9) pour le filin de remorquage (3) provenant du remorqueur, tandis que le bord de queue de la base en forme de barre (8) comporte une boucle de fixation (12) pour le filin inférieur et une boucle de fixation (13) pour le filin supérieur au niveau de l'aile verticale. L'aile horizontale (11) peut être articulée par rapport à l'aile verticale (10) pour permettre les mouvements verticaux. Un corps profilé peut également être articulé par rapport à l'aile verticale (10). L'aile horizontale (11) ou le corps en forme de coquille d'÷uf peuvent l'un et l'autre être man÷uvrés au moyen d'un système pneumatique.
PCT/NO1992/000175 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut Ceased WO1994008452A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92922351A EP0679056A1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut
PCT/NO1992/000175 WO1994008452A1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO1992/000175 WO1994008452A1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994008452A1 true WO1994008452A1 (fr) 1994-04-28

Family

ID=19907689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1992/000175 Ceased WO1994008452A1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Dispositif pour maintenir un chalut ouvert et pour le maintenir appuye contre le fond marin, panneau de chalut

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0679056A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994008452A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010021105B3 (de) * 2010-05-20 2011-06-01 Fachhochschule Kiel Fanggeschirr für Grundschleppnetze

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1311115A (fr) * 1960-09-28 1962-12-07 Panneau perfectionné pour chaluts
FR1346962A (fr) * 1961-10-05 1963-12-27 Panneaux pour chaluts, pour la pêche depuis le fond jusqu'à la surface
NO911575L (no) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 Torbjoern Antonsen Anordning for aa holde traalpose aapen og bevirke at denne presses ned mot bunnen, traaldoer.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1311115A (fr) * 1960-09-28 1962-12-07 Panneau perfectionné pour chaluts
FR1346962A (fr) * 1961-10-05 1963-12-27 Panneaux pour chaluts, pour la pêche depuis le fond jusqu'à la surface
NO911575L (no) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 Torbjoern Antonsen Anordning for aa holde traalpose aapen og bevirke at denne presses ned mot bunnen, traaldoer.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010021105B3 (de) * 2010-05-20 2011-06-01 Fachhochschule Kiel Fanggeschirr für Grundschleppnetze
WO2011150908A2 (fr) 2010-05-20 2011-12-08 Fachhochschule Kiel Apparaux de pêche pour chaluts de fond

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0679056A1 (fr) 1995-11-02

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