WO1994008907A1 - Procede pour intensifier la fermentation - Google Patents

Procede pour intensifier la fermentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994008907A1
WO1994008907A1 PCT/HU1993/000059 HU9300059W WO9408907A1 WO 1994008907 A1 WO1994008907 A1 WO 1994008907A1 HU 9300059 W HU9300059 W HU 9300059W WO 9408907 A1 WO9408907 A1 WO 9408907A1
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Prior art keywords
sewage
fermentation
electric stimulation
cod
anaerobic
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Ceased
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PCT/HU1993/000059
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English (en)
Inventor
László SZEMLER
Gyula Hrubi
Attila SZÉKELYHIDI
Károly ZALAI
Béla Stefkó
Attila Szentirmai
István GEBHARDT
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Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar Nyrt
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Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar RT
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Application filed by Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar RT filed Critical Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar RT
Priority to AU53440/94A priority Critical patent/AU5344094A/en
Publication of WO1994008907A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994008907A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N13/00—Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/26—Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates
    • C12P19/28—N-glycosides
    • C12P19/42—Cobalamins, i.e. vitamin B12, LLD factor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a new process for intensification of fermentations by applying electric stimulation in any stage(s) of the process.
  • the electric stimulation can be preferably applied for anaerobic, mesophilic, methane producing microbial fermentations under septic conditions, particularly for sewage treatment, inoculum formation or increasing the digesting capacity of anaerobic sewage sludge containing mixed acetogenic- ethanogenic or only methanogenic icropopulations.
  • the process of the invention can be applied primarily in environmental control, particularly in sewage treatment, but it can also be used in other areas such as B12 coenzyme (cobamide coenzyme) fermentation and other fermentations performed preferably with a mix ⁇ ed, anaerobic, mesophilic methane producing micropopula ⁇ tion at septic conditions.
  • B12 coenzyme cobamide coenzyme
  • the worldwide deterioration of the natural environment has taken catastrophic proportions in the past two to three decades.
  • the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere are equally endangered by human activity detrimental to the environment.
  • Sewage treatment represents one of the major tasks of environmental control.
  • sewage treat ⁇ ment process sewage originating mainly from municipal sources
  • sewage was aerated in large, open pools, then the activated sludge formed was submitted to fermenta- tion in large, heated containers (digesters) at anaero ⁇ bic conditions, at the simultaneous production of bio- gas, the sludge obtained as end product was left to desiccate on a sand bed, and finally utilized as organic fertilizer in agriculture.
  • the activity of hydrolizing microorganisms is the dominant feature (proteases, cellulase, etc.). Acting through extracellular enzymes high molecular mass, mostly insoluble polysaccharides, proteins and lipides are solubilized and digested at facultatively anaerobic conditions. In the second stage metabolites of the first stage (carbohydrates, peptides, higher alkyl fatty acids, etc.) are further degraded by acidogenic microorganisms at facultatively anaerobic conditions, resulting in the formation of lower alkyl fatty acids, alcohols, hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • methane is produced.
  • Aceta- te and the Cl compounds methanol, formic acid, methyl- amines
  • carbon dioxide and hydrogen serve as substrates of the ethanogenic microoganis s for the conversion to methane.
  • the facultatively anaerobic microorganisms exert their function in the pH range of 4.5 to 5.5 while in the final two stages the obligatory anaerobic acetogens - methanogens in the pH range of 7 to 7.5 [Anaerob Digestion. Intern. Sy p. in Cambridge (Wales, 1979); in Travemiinde, FRG (1981); in Boston, USA (1983) ; in Guangzhou, China (1985) ; in Bologna, Italy (1988)].
  • the complex anaerobic digestion occurs at the same site, no optimal physicochemical conditions are ensured for individual bacterium groups consequently the output of the natural process is always lower than optimal.
  • the output can be significantly increased if the complex anaerobic process is split up into two sterically separated stages -acidogenic and methanogenic - each ensuring optimal conditions for the respective microorganism group, and the sewage is led first into the acidogenic and then into the methanogenic unit.
  • the process to be developed depends primarily on the source, periodicity of appearance, and quality of sewage. Most sewage treatment plants are of individual design despite being very similar. The design should consider the following main features:
  • the sewage can contain significant amounts of solids of eventually large particle size which without pretreatment (filtering sedimentation, etc.) can clog certain reactor types;
  • the treated effluent of sewage with high dissolved organic material content may contain, even at a conversion rate of 95 %, 2 - 2.5 kg of COD/cu.m. which should be reduced to the specified low COD value by further treatment (second anaerobic stage or aerobic treatment) .
  • Methanogenic microorganisms are reported in detail in the Progress in Industrial Microbiology [Vol. 16, pp. 233 - 237 (1982)], their morphology and physical properties by W. E. Balch, G. E. Fox et al. [Microbial Rev. Vol. 43, 260 - 296 (1979)] and their metabolism in the Handbook on Anaerobic Fermentations pp. 537 - 545 (1988), Eds.: Larry E. Erickson and Daniel Yee-Chak Fung. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, Basel].
  • Inoculum based on the freshly digested sewage sludge taken from the anaerobic second digester of munici sewage treatment plants, was mainly applied for the production of the B12 coenzyme.
  • Stimulation is a widely applied tool in biology. Stimulus is an external effect exerted on the living organism which induces however distinct response reactions. Mechanical, heat, light, various chemical effects, but also electric current and radioactive irradiation all represent some type of stimulus.
  • the artificial stimulation of cells is usually performed by an electric impulse as the energy of the stimulus can be easily regulated by varying its amplitude and duration. Due to this exact regulatory potential the electric current is the stimulation method of choice in scien ⁇ tific research, too [F. Bruno Straub: Biological Lexi- kon, Vol.2. pp. 280 - 281. Akade iai Kiad ⁇ , Budapest, Hungary (1978)].
  • the East German Patent Specification No. 248,140 (Wirtschaftspatent; economic patent) describes an aerobic, sterile fermentation performed in a fer- mentor placed in a direct current field.
  • the yield of the antibiotic fermentation is increased by about 10 % in this way and the process has the further advantage that no electrodes have to be immersed into the broth.
  • B12 co ⁇ enzyme was produced by a fermentation process from nut ⁇ rients and microorganisms present in the sewage sludge, which, if desired, were supplemented with various further nutrients.
  • the process had the high advantage that the fermentation was performed at nonsterile con ⁇ ditions, but had also the disadvantage that large amounts of sewage sludge had to be transported from the sewage treatment plant to the site of the fermentor, both the composition and the bacterium population of the sewage sludge were variable and there was also an opportunity for the growth of "wild strains" which inhibited the development of a stable bacterium popu ⁇ lation.
  • fer entor/day [sewage volume influx per working volume of digester (or fermentor) as a function of time]
  • Capacity of equipment Dimension: converted COD g(kg) /l(cu.m.) fer entor/day [amount of COD converted to biogas per working volume of digester (or fermentor) as a function of time] .
  • Rate of COD conversion (%) COD of effluent sewage g/1) is multiplied by effluent volume per time (1) and divided by the COD of sewage influx
  • HRT Hydraulic retention time
  • Dilution rate (D) Volume of sewage flowing through the working volume of the digester (fermentor) in a time unit per working volume of the fermentor:
  • Methanogenic activity ml of methane produced by 1 g of dry biomass in 1 day in the digester (or fermentor) .
  • Biogas production Volume of biogas produced in 1 unit of the digester (or fermentor) working volume in a time unit.
  • the electric stimulation of fermentation medium can be applied for intensification of different type of fermentations.
  • the stimulation is performed by direct current, low frequency, square impulses in a given frequency and amplitude range, and the short stimulation - interval periods are cyclically repeated during several hours, the following changes can be recorded in the methanogenic process:
  • the invention relates for a process for intensi ⁇ fication of fermentations, which comprises applying electric stimulation of the fermentation medium in any stage or stages of the fermentation, i.e. in the inoculum preparing stage and/or in the adaptation stage and/or in the stacioner (producing) stage of the fermentation.
  • the invention can be exploited very advanta- geously for anaerobic, mesophilic, methane-producing fermentations.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is an anaerobic, mesophilic, methane-producing fermentation for improving preferably sewage treatment procedures pursued under septic conditions by acetogenic- methanogenic micropopulations, which comprises a) loading an air-tight fermentor, equipped with two electrodes, with a sewage sludge freshly obtained from the final digester of a municipal sewage treatment plant, which is preferably pretreated with cyclic electric stimulation, and maintaining an ascending, recirculating flow in the mesophilic temperature range for 1 - 4 days (the mixed micropopulation is adapted to the new environment, i.e.
  • the invention refers furthermore to an anaerobic, mesophilic, methane-producing fermentation process preferably for improving B12 coenzyme production under septic conditions, applying a methanogenic micropopulation in a medium containing known nutrients which comprises submitting the fermentation broth to cyclic electric stimulation.
  • the invention refers furthermore to a process for preparing a new inoculum containing an anaerobic, mesophilic, mainly acetogenic-methanogenic, mixed micro ⁇ population by submitting the anaerobic digested sewage sludge to cyclic electric stimulation.
  • a preferred embo ⁇ diment of this process comprises the following steps: a) 25 - 35 % (v/v) of an inoculum and 65 - 75 % (v/v) of a 1 - 4 g COD/litre sewage (calculated for working volume) are added to a batch fermentor, the system is homogenized, and the pH is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.5, then b) batch fermentation is pursued in the mesophilic temperature range, under anaerobic conditions f 5 - 10, preferably for 6 - 8 days, then, c) after 5 - 10, preferably 6 - 8 days, and following ho ogenization, 65 - 75 % (v/v) of the fermentation broth is removed and an equal volume of sewage, having a concentration of 1 - 4 g COD/litre, is added and the batch fermentation is repeated according to the procedure specified in paragraph a2.), d) the batch fermentation is followed for further 5 - 12, preferably 6 - 10 day among similar conditions but the fermentation broth is electrical
  • the electric stimulus is generated by direct current square impulses, having an amplitude of 30 - 250 V, a frequency of 5 - 50 Hz and a refractory time of 5 - 50 sec between impulses.
  • the artificial stimulation of cells, neurocytes and muscles is usually performed by electric impulses as the energy of the stimulation can be easily regulated by varying its parameters (amplitude, duration) [F. Bruno Straub: Biological Lexikon, Vol. 2. pp. 280 - 282 (1978), Akademiai Kiad ⁇ , Budapest, Hungary].
  • Excitability and impulse conductivity are properties of all viable cells. In all cells the initiation and progress of the stimulatory process ia related to the variations of the electric properties in the cell membrane [H. Schaefer: Elektrobiologie des Stoff Touchs. Handbuch d. allge . Pathologie, Band 4, Detail II. Berlin-G ⁇ ttingen-Heidelberg, Springer (1957)]. Charges are separated by the external and internal surface of the cell membrane, thus at rest a potential difference is developed, the cell membrane is in a polarized state [ A. L. Hodgkin. , B. Katz: J. Physiol J , 37 (1949)]. Upon stimulation the polarized state is depolarized, and an action potential is created.
  • Course of action potential for the creation of an action potential the stimulus has to attain a specific threshold level.
  • the amplitude of the created stimulus remains stable at the experimental conditions specified.
  • Time of repetition Period between two impulses
  • Repetition frequency Number of stimuli in time unit
  • Impulse width Period during which voltage is at a stable level other than zero
  • Impulse width per repetition time Refractory time: Time between two stimuli
  • Time of stimulation Duration of stimulation in the culture. Specification of the electric stimulus applied in the process of the present invention: Square impulse; amplitude 30 - 250 V, preferably 80 - 100 V; Frequency 5 - 50 Hz, preferably 20 - 30 Hz; refractory time 5 - 50 sec, preferably 10 - 20 sec, duration 4 - 12 h/day, preferably 5 - 8 h/day.
  • the inoculum is prepared by removing freshly digested sewage sludge from the digester of any municipal sewage treatment plant.
  • These digesters have usually volumes of several thousands of cu.m., for industrial scale inoculum preparation some (1 - 2) cu.m. are required while some litres are sufficient for laboratory experiments.
  • the freshly digested sewage sludge is usually transferred into a fermentor equipped with stirrer and heating jacket. In the laboratory a vessel with an air-tight cover is sufficient if mechanical stirring for the homogenization of the digested sludge is ensured.
  • the mesophilic temperature range required for the proliferation of microorganisms is of highest importance, this should be 25 - 40°C, preferably 30 - 38°C.
  • the specified temperature range can be realized by any of the known methods, e. g. by circulating water or an other liquid of the required temperature in the fermentor jacket. In large fermentors no jacket is required as the fermentation is a heat generating process. In the laboratory the fermentor is placed either in an air-conditioned room or ther ostate.
  • the industrial or laboratory fermentor is connected to a gasometer to ensure anaerobic conditions and to collect the biogas formed for further utilizat ⁇ tion.
  • the measuring of the biogas volume is important for evaluating the experiment as the specific biogas formation (ml biogas/1 fermen ⁇ tation broth) is one of the major parameters of the process.
  • the freshly digested sewage sludge is adapted to the new conditions during 2 - 10, preferably 4 - 7 days, since a live system, a mixture of microorganisms has to be adapted to the new environment.
  • Adaptation can also be performed by removing daily 5 - 10 % (v/v) of the sewage sludge and replacing it with an equal volume of digested sludge or some other sewage ready for purification.
  • the duration of the stimulation is 4 - 10, preferably 6 - 8 hours daily, continued for 5 - 12, preferably 6 - 10 days.
  • the new inoculum, containing the anaerobic, mesophilic, mostly acetogenic-methanogenic, mixed micropopulation is obtained which is required for the initiation of the treatment of sewages of various sources.
  • Sewage treatment can be improved by adding to the inoculum, submitted to electric stimulation described above, under nonsterile conditions, preferably daily, equal volumes of sewage, having a concentration of 0.1 - 3.5 g COD/1, if desired, in diluted form.
  • no electri ⁇ cally stimulated inoculum is used, but the sewage, having a concentration of 0.1 - 3.5 g COD/1 and which is diluted, if desired, is directly added to the freshly digested sewage sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant. Even in this case adapting the sludge for a couple of days to the environment is preferred.
  • the amount and the rate of eventual dilution of the sewage added to the inoculum depends on the source and quality of the sewage.
  • the sewage to be treated has frequently concentrations higher than 0.1 - 3.5 g COD/1, then diluting is preferred, as thus the anerobic, mesophilic, mostly acetogenic-methanogenic, mixed micropopulation of the inoculum is faster adapted to the respective sewage.
  • the use of the effluent of the sewage treatment plant is the preferred diluent, because, as described in Example 3 of our patent specification covering sewage purification, the COD concentration of the sewage influx is 30 g/1 and after a conversion of 92 % the effluent still has a COD concentration of 2.4 g/1 which requires further purification.
  • the sewage of the dairy plant requires no dilution as - unlike the former one - its COD content is in the range of 0.1 - 3.5 g COD/1 and in addition contains impurities which are easily converted to biogas.
  • the duration of adaptation as well as the rate and necessity of diluting are always depending on the quality of the sewage to be purified, however, this requires no specific knowledge beyond that of the present invention and that known in the art.
  • Cyclic (regularly resumed, periodical) stimu ⁇ lation of anaerobic, mesophilic, methane-producing processes, performed by electric square impulses, is a major feature of the present invention. Stimulation is performed in two stages of the sewage treatment process; or it can be performed in the first stage if the aceto ⁇ genic-methanogenic, mostly methanogenic micropopulation of the inoculum is adapted to a sewage having a concent- ration of 0.1 - 3.5 g COD/1 which is eventually diluted. This cyclic stimulation is performed, - depending on the origin and composition of the sewage - for 1 - 20 days, for the second time when the COD concentration of the sewage is beginning to get increased.
  • a biofil with high methanogenic activity immobilized on a carrier, is formed.
  • a carrier Any type of zeolite, preferably Akvarosorb 1 * is used as carrier.
  • the system containing both the inoculum and the sewage is then cultivated under anaerobic conditions in the mesophilic temperature range for 5 - 10, preferably 6 - 8 days, then 50 - 80 % (v/v), preferably 65 - 70 % (v/v) of the fermentation broth is removed and the system is filled up with sewage of the same volume and COD concentration, thereafter fermenta ⁇ tion is continued as described above for the same time.
  • Operation is performed in 1500 ml glass jar fermentors equipped with an air-tight cover made of insulating material. Two stainless steel electrodes
  • sludge 1000 ml of freshly digested sewage sludge, removed from the 2000 cu.m. digester of the municipal sewage treatment plant, is filled into the glass fermentor which is closed, connected to a gasometer and placed into an air-conditioned room of 33 - 35°C. The sludge is homogenized once daily for 5 minutes, then 100 ml of the sludge is removed and replaced by 100 ml of digested sewage sludge then the system is again homogenized for 5 minutes.
  • the amount of the methane formed is nearly doubled compared to the unsti ulated sample (this increases the heating value of the biogas which represents the basis for the rentability of the operation) , finally, d.) the ballast material content of the biogas (CO2) is significantly reduced.
  • the operation is performed in a 2000 ml glass jar fermentor equipped with two vertical stainless steel electrodes (diameter 2 mm) .
  • a fermentor placed in an air-conditioned room of 33 - 36°C and is continuously recirculated in an ascending flow with a pump for 2 days.
  • the recirculation of the digested sewage sludge is stopped and the continuous influx of the sewage is started: 1500 ml/day of the . municipal sewage (0.5 g/1 COD) is led into the fermentor at the bottom and an equal amount of the overflow is collected in a container.
  • the electrode- outlets are connected to a generator and electric stimulation is started.
  • the mixed acetogenic-methanogenic micropopulation and the COD concentration of the continuous sewage input are gradually increased to 14.0 g/1 and the system is adapted to the conversion of the high organic matter content (COD) to methane by applying the above described electric stimulation during 12 hours.
  • the electric stimulation is continued for 15 days.
  • the 15th - 20th day of adaptation microorganism-aggregates are formed and by the 30th - 35th day of adaptation the formation of granulates with high methanogenic activity (diameter 2 -
  • Refractory time 30 sec Duration of stimulation per day 8 hours followed by a 16 hour interval Thereafter the COD concentration of the sewage containing fatty acids is continuously and gradually increased to 30 g/1 and the system is submitted to adaptation by electric stimulation during 8 hours daily to promote the conversion of the high organic matter content (COD, volatile fatty acids) to methane. Electric stimulation is pursued during the first 10 days of adaptation. From the 20th day of adaptation sewage of 30 g/1 COD is continuously fed into the fermentor.
  • the parameters of the sewage treatment process equilibrium are the following: COD concentration of sewage influx in the - 30 -
  • sewage treatment is carried out in the same fermentor at identical conditions, without electric stimulation a sewage of maximum 18 g/1 of COD can be treated at a conversion rate of 85 % and adaptation time of 50 days.
  • Example 3 paragraph a.
  • the procedure specified in Example 3, paragraph a.) is applied except that 7 1 of dairy sewage (3 g/1 COD) is added to 3 1 of electrically stimulated inoculum. Thereafter inoculation, batch fermentation, mixing with the carrier (Akvarosorb 1 *) and recirculation are pursued according to Example 3, paragraphs a.) and b.).
  • Operation is performed in a 2500 ml glass jar fermentor equipped with an air-tight cover made of insulating material.
  • Two stainless steel electrodes are immersed at a distance of 100 mm from one another vertically into the fermentor (diameter 3 mm) .
  • the length of the electrodes ensures 170 mm immersion in the fermentation broth.
  • a. 2000 ml of a broth resulting from a B12 coenzyme producing, semicontinuous fermentation carried out in a glass jar fermentor according to the process specified in the Hungarian Patent Specification No. 188,955 (equivalent U. S. Patent Specification No. 4,659,661) is submitted to semiautomatic fermentation for 5 days according to the process described in Example 1, paragraph b.).
  • the active ingredient content of the broth (B12 coenzyme + factor III) is assayed daily according to Hungarian Patent Specification No. 188,955, Example 2, paragraph a.) column 2, section 6, together with the rate of methanolysis.
  • the active ingredient content of the broth amounts to 17.5 mg of B12 coenzyme/1 fermentation broth, i. e. the daily active ingredient production amounts to 1.75 mg of B12 coenzyme/1 fermentation broth at a daily broth removal of 10 %.
  • the daily methanol consumption required for this level of active ingredient yield is 4.8 g/1 broth.
  • the rate of methanolysis is 0.2 g methanol/1 fermentation broth/hour.
  • the amount of methanol required for the production of 1 mg/1 broth/day of active ingredient is 2.74 g /l broth/day. b.) From the 6th day of the operation fermentation is continued as formerly (removing 10 % of the broth and adding a medium specified in the Hungarian Patent Specification No. 188,955, page 6, column 1) and the electric stimulation of the fermentation is started by means of the two electrodes and the generator mounted on the fermentor.

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Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un nouveau procédé d'intensification de fermentations, notamment de fermentations microbiennes produisant du méthane du type mésophile et anaérobie, dans des conditions septiques, en particulier pour traiter des eaux usées, pour former des agents d'inoculation ou pour accroître la capacité de digestion de boues usées anaérobies contenant des micropopulations acétogènes et méthanogènes mixtes ou seulement méthanogènes. Le procédé de la présente invention peut s'appliquer avant tout dans les techniques de gestion de l'environnement, en particulier pour le traitement des eaux usées, mais il peut également s'appliquer dans d'autres domaines tels que la fermentation de coenzymes B12 (coenzyme cobamide) et d'autres fermentations effectuées de préférence avec une micropopulation mixte mésophile et anaérobie produisant du méthane, dans des conditions septiques. Dans le procédé de la présente invention, le système est soumis à une stimulation électrique cyclique. Les paramètres préférés de la stimulation électrique sont: stimulation du type par impulsion carrée; amplitude de 30 à 250 V; fréquence de 5 à 50 Hz; et durée de la période réfractaire de 5 à 50 s. La production de biogaz dans le processus avec stimulation électrique est d'environ 70 à 80 % plus grande que dans un processus sans stimulation électrique.
PCT/HU1993/000059 1992-10-15 1993-10-15 Procede pour intensifier la fermentation Ceased WO1994008907A1 (fr)

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HU9202342 1992-10-15
HUP922342 1992-10-15

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2124666A1 (es) * 1996-12-10 1999-02-01 C S I C Procedimiento para desinfectar aguas residuales mediante aplicacion de campos electrostaticos.
WO2001056938A1 (fr) * 2000-02-01 2001-08-09 Marsden John Christopher Production d'hydrogene a partir de matieres organiques decomposees par un procede ananerobie
US7138046B2 (en) * 1996-06-06 2006-11-21 World Hydrogen Energy Llc Process for production of hydrogen from anaerobically decomposed organic materials
US20130059358A1 (en) * 2010-05-11 2013-03-07 Ciris Energy, Inc. In-situ electrical stimulation of bioconversion of carbon-bearing formations
DE102012014151B4 (de) * 2012-07-18 2019-02-14 Mega-Wave-Gmbh Verfahren zur Biogaserzeugung in einer Biogasanlage

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