WO1994012471A1 - Sulfitierte fettstoffe mit vermindertem gehalt an freiem hydrogensulfit - Google Patents
Sulfitierte fettstoffe mit vermindertem gehalt an freiem hydrogensulfit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994012471A1 WO1994012471A1 PCT/EP1993/003274 EP9303274W WO9412471A1 WO 1994012471 A1 WO1994012471 A1 WO 1994012471A1 EP 9303274 W EP9303274 W EP 9303274W WO 9412471 A1 WO9412471 A1 WO 9412471A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fatty substances
- fatty
- leather
- alcohol
- acid esters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
- C14C9/02—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/02—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
- C07C303/20—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by addition of sulfurous acid or salts thereof to compounds having carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
Definitions
- the invention relates to sulfited fatty substances with a reduced free hydrogen sulfite content, a process for their production in which unsaturated fatty substances are blown, sulfited and unreacted hydrogen sulfite is bound as sulfosuccinates by post-treatment with maleic acid esters and optionally bases, and the use of sulfited fatty substances as a leather aid.
- greasing agents are the most important tools to shape the character of leather.
- the effect of the fatliquoring agents comes about through fiber-insulating lubrication and through hydrophobization.
- the hydrophobicization also has tanning effects since it is associated with the displacement of water from the skin.
- Vegetable and animal oils, fats and waxes are generally used as leather greasing agents, furthermore the hydrolysis, sulfation, oxidation and hardening products obtained from these substances by chemical conversion and finally mineral greasing agents; in detail:
- esters Oils and fats are termed esters of glycerin and fatty acids by the leather specialist, which are solid or liquid at room temperature.
- esters of glycerin and fatty acids by the leather specialist, which are solid or liquid at room temperature.
- leather greasing from the group of animal fats in particular trane, fish oil, beef tallow and cattle claw oil, from the group of vegetable fats castor oil, rape oil and linseed oil are used.
- the fatty acids are esterified with higher molecular weight alcohols instead of glycerin.
- waxes examples are beeswax, Chinese wax, caranuba wax, montan wax and wool fat;
- the most important resins include rosin, yeast oil and shellac.
- rosin examples include rosin, yeast oil and shellac.
- o Chemical conversion of vegetable and animal fats gives products which are water-soluble and which, in addition, have different emulsifying effects on water-insoluble fats.
- the sulfated water-soluble oils of various types are known, the tears modified by oxidation, which are referred to as degras or moellons, the beefs which are formed during the hydrolytic cleavage of natural fats, hardened fats and finally free fatty acids such as stearic acid as stoving fats.
- Most animal and vegetable fats have a certain affinity for the leather substance, which is considerably increased by the introduction or exposure of hydrophilic groups.
- the mineral greasing agents are also important for leather production. These hydrocarbons are similar to natural fats and oils in some properties, but cannot be saponified. These are fractions from petroleum distillation, which are called mineral oil in liquid form, petroleum jelly in pasty form and paraffin in solid form.
- fatty spew undesirable stains are formed on the surface of the tanned and greased leather, which are referred to as "fatty spew".
- Grease rashes occur primarily on chrome-tanned leathers after shorter or longer storage as a white, often veil-like covering that only covers individual areas or the entire leather surface.
- the rash is due to the release of solid fatty substances from the leather. to lead. It can be caused by the natural fat present in the leather itself or by fatty substances which have only been incorporated in the course of the oiling of the leather.
- Fat mixtures used for greasing leather tend to develop a rash if they contain a lot of free fatty acids.
- Free fatty acids generally have a higher melting point than their glycerides. The hydrolytic cleavage of fatty substances during the storage of the leather accordingly increases the risk of fat rashes occurring.
- Soaps and licker greases are split in chrome leather, especially in insufficiently deacidified chrome leather, with the release of fatty acids. Sulphated oils and fats have different tendencies to form fat rashes, the tendency to rash generally declines with a longer lifespan [cf. J.Int.Soc.Leath.Trad.Chem. 379 (1952)].
- Grease rashes are more likely to occur the more the leather contains fatty substances that tend to form rashes.
- the amount, composition and position of the fat mixture of natural fat and lickerfat present in the leather are decisive for the extent and the composition of the rash.
- Loosely structured leather is less prone to rash than leather with a dense fiber structure.
- Grease rashes are observed more often at low temperatures than at warmer outside temperatures.
- the crystalline fat rashes develop in the hair holes and gland canals, small crystals initially being formed in the depth, which gradually fill the entire hair hole as larger fat crystals, swell beyond the leather surface and form a dense crystal film. All fats that contain stearin or palmitin derivatives can cause crystalline fat rashes, with increasing concentration the risk of rashes increases [Ledertechn.Rundsch. 1 (1949)].
- neutral fats those suitable for oiling leather • substances that contain no ionic groups in the molecule, for example, fats, waxes and hydrocarbons, such to form fatty spew.
- a class of fatliquoring agents commonly used in this regard is halogenated compounds such as chlorinated hydrocarbons.
- chlorinated paraffins as additives to fat liquor emulsions to prevent the formation of rashes on chrome-tanned pig fields is described, for example, by J.Golonka in Przegl. Skorzany 42 (2), 35 (cited from Chem. Abstracts 107 (18): 156865z).
- the sulfilization ie the addition of hydrogen sulfite onto unsaturated compounds
- the hydrophilization of fatty substances is particularly suitable for the hydrophilization of fatty substances.
- A.kuntzel on the sulfitation of Dorschtran [Leder JB, 5 (1957)] and M.Mikxila on the sulfitation of unsaturated butyl fatty acid esters [Leder, Schuh, Lederwaren 21. 282 (1986)] reported.
- sulfited fatty substances have a particularly advantageous fatliquoring behavior, they also tend to form unwanted fat rashes.
- a further disadvantage is that the products have a pungent odor as a result of small amounts of unreacted hydrogen sulfite. The methods known from the prior art for preventing fat rash are therefore unsatisfactory overall.
- the object of the invention was therefore to provide new materials for the greasing and waterproofing of leather which are free from the disadvantages described.
- the invention relates to sulfited fatty substances with a reduced free hydrogen sulfite content, which are obtained by blowing unsaturated fatty substances in a manner known per se, sulfiticized with sodium metabisulfite and subsequently unreacted hydrogen sulfite by aftertreatment with maleic acid esters and optionally bases as sulfosuccinic acid esters binds.
- the residual free hydrogen sulfite content in blown, sulfited fat Substances can be significantly reduced to values below 1% by weight, based on the solids content of the products, if the crude products are aftertreated with maleic acid esters and, if appropriate, bases.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the free hydrogen sulfite with the maleic acid esters rapidly and practically completely reacts to form sulfosuccinic acid esters ("sulfosuccinates").
- the sulfited fatty substances according to the invention which have a sulfosuccinate content, show significantly improved application properties compared to conventional products of the prior art. In particular, their tendency to form fat rashes on leather surfaces is significantly reduced; the products are also practically odorless.
- the invention further relates to a process for the production of sulfated fatty substances with a reduced content of free hydrogen sulfite, in which unsaturated fatty substances are blown in a manner known per se, sulfited with sodium hydrogen sulfite and then unreacted hydrogen sulfite by post-treatment with maleic acid esters and optionally binds bases as sulfosuccinic acid esters.
- fatty acid glycerides Among fatty substances which serve as starting materials for the production of the sulfited products, fatty acid glycerides, fatty acid lower alkyl esters or mixtures thereof can be used.
- Fatty acid glycerides are understood to mean substances of the formula (I)
- R ⁇ O, R 2 CO and R 3 CO independently of one another represent aliphatic acyl radicals having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3 or 4 double bonds.
- the fatty acid glycerides can be synthetic or, in particular, of vegetable or animal origin. Typical examples are triglycerides which contain, as fatty acid components, entirely or predominantly palmoleic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, arachidonic acid and / or clupanodonic acid.
- preferred starting materials are glycerol trioleate and vegetable or animal fats and oils which have an iodine number in the range from 50 to 150, preferably 80 to 140.
- fatty acid lower alkyl esters are to be understood as meaning substances of the formula (II)
- R 4 CO represents aliphatic acyl radicals having 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3 or 4 double bonds and R5 represents linear or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are ethyl, propyl, butyl and especially methyl esters of palmoleic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, arachidonic acid and / or clupapodonic acid and their technical mixtures, such as those used in the pressure release of vegetable and animal fats and oils mentioned above.
- oleic and / or linoleic acid methyl esters are used.
- the fatty acid glycerides and the fatty acid lower alkyl esters can be used both alone and in a mixture. However, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to sulfitize mixtures of unsaturated fatty acid glycerides and unsaturated fatty acid lower alkyl esters together.
- the molar mixing ratio is not critical in wide ranges and can be, for example, 1: 5 to 5: 1, preferably 1: 1 to 3: 1. Bubbles and sulfitation
- the blowing of fatty substances is a known method. This means the introduction of (atmospheric) oxygen at 100 to 150 ° C. into unsaturated fatty substances.
- the aim is to increase the thick liquid and resistance of the substances by partial autoxidation [cf. ROEMPP Chemistry Lexicon, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 9th edition, Vol. II, p.1498 (1990)].
- it has proven advantageous to blow the fatty substances at 100 to 110 ° C. until a density increase of 0.01 to 0.1, preferably 0.02 to 0.05 g / cm 3 is reached.
- the sulfitation can be carried out in a manner known per se, with sodium bisulfite being added to the double bond of the unsaturated fatty substances. Since sodium hydrogen sulfite is only stable in aqueous solution, sodium metabisulfite (Na2SO3) is used as the sulfiding agent.
- the unsaturated fatty substances and the sodium metabisulphite can usually be used in a molar ratio of 3: 1 to 15: 1, preferably 5: 1 to 10: 1, based on the double bond equivalents in the unsaturated fatty substances. It has proven to be optimal to carry out the sulfitation over a period of 1 to 5, preferably 2 to 4 hours at temperatures of 50 to 120, preferably 60 to 90 ° C. Aftercare
- hydrogen sulfite which has not reacted during the sulfitation is bound by post-treatment with a maleic acid ester as the sulfosuccinic acid ester (“sulfosuccinate”).
- R7C00-CH CH-C00R8 (IV)
- R 7 represents an al yl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R ⁇ represents hydrogen or an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are mono- or diesters of maleic acid or of maleic anhydride with capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petachselinyl alcohol, aracholeyl alcohol, aracholeyl alcohol, aracholeyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, aracholeyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, aracholeyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, arodoleyl alcohol, a
- the maleic acid esters can be used in amounts of 10 to 100 mol%, based on the amount of sodium metabisulphite used. Usually you will choose the amount len that it corresponds to the residual free hydrogen sulfite; consequently, a quantitative range of 15 to 30 mol% - again based on the amount of metabasulfite used - is a preferred selection. With regard to the performance properties of the product, however, it may be that the reaction of the free hydro ⁇ gene sulfite with the maleic acid ester sulfosuccinate concentration is not sufficient. In this case, the proportion of free metabisulfite in the crude sulfitation product can be increased artificially, for example from 15 to 35% by weight, based on the solids content of the product. The person skilled in the art will usually be able to take this circumstance into account when selecting the amount of maleic acid ester without having to be inventive.
- the after-treatment of the crude sulfitation products with the maleic acid esters can be carried out in the presence of aqueous bases, such as, for example, alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or ammonia. Since it is the task of the base to neutralize free carboxyl groups of the maleic or sulfoberic acid esters, if any, their amount will be carefully selected so that a pH value is established in the product at which there is no fear of saponification of the ester linkages.
- aqueous bases such as, for example, alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or ammonia. Since it is the task of the base to neutralize free carboxyl groups of the maleic or sulfoberic acid esters, if any, their amount will be carefully selected so that a pH value is established in the product at which there is no fear of saponification of the ester linkages.
- the aftertreatment can be carried out over a period of 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 3 h at temperatures of 50 to 90, preferably 70 to 85 ° C.
- the sulfited fatty substances give leather a pleasant suppleness and resistance to moisture. They are practically odorless, do not tend to form fat rashes and are easily biodegradable. Since free hydrogen sulfite does not adhere to the leather, but is washed out after greasing, the comparatively lower electrolyte content of the sulfited fatty substances according to the invention represents an additional advantage from an ecological point of view.
- Another object of the invention therefore relates to leather greasing agents, in particular for chrome-tanned leather, which can have a content of the sulfited fatty substances according to the invention of 1 to 99, preferably 10 to 50% by weight.
- these fatliquoring agents can have other customary additives, such as, for example, fatty acid esters and dialkyl ethers.
- Another object of the invention finally relates to the use of the sulfited fatty substances according to the invention for the production of fatliquoring and water repellents, in particular for chrome-tanned leather, in which they can be present in amounts of 1 to 99, preferably 10 to 50% by weight.
- reaction mixture was heated to 85 ° C. and stirred at this temperature for a further 2 h. Thereafter, unreacted hydrogen sulfite was bound as a sulfosuccinic acid monoester by adding 75 g (0.2 mol) of maleic acid mono-oleylester and 20 g (0.85 mol) of ammonia in the form of a 50% strength by weight aqueous solution. The residual content of free hydrogensulfite was 0.5% by weight based on the solids content of the sulfited product.
- Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a mixture of 250 g (0.2 mol) of fish oil, 250 g (0.28 mol) of glycerol trioleate and 250 g (0.84 mol) of methyl oleaginous fatty acid was again blown at 105 ° C. until an increase in density of 0 , 03 g / cm 3 was achieved and then sulfitized with 68 g (0.68 mol) of sodium metabisulfite in 120 ml of water.
- the residual free hydrogen sulfite content was 0.9% by weight, based on the solids content of the sulfited product.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94901845A EP0670828B1 (de) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-11-22 | Sulfitierte fettstoffe mit vermindertem gehalt an freiem hydrogensulfit |
| US08/446,771 US5554306A (en) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-11-22 | Sulfited fatty compounds with a reduced content of free hydrogen sulfite |
| DE59306800T DE59306800D1 (de) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-11-22 | Sulfitierte fettstoffe mit vermindertem gehalt an freiem hydrogensulfit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4240159.3 | 1992-11-30 | ||
| DE4240159A DE4240159A1 (de) | 1992-11-30 | 1992-11-30 | Sulfitierte Fettstoffe mit vermindertem Gehalt an freiem Hydrogensulfit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994012471A1 true WO1994012471A1 (de) | 1994-06-09 |
Family
ID=6473970
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1993/003274 Ceased WO1994012471A1 (de) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-11-22 | Sulfitierte fettstoffe mit vermindertem gehalt an freiem hydrogensulfit |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5554306A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0670828B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE154593T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4240159A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2103564T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994012471A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19804828A1 (de) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-12 | Henkel Kgaa | Sulfitierte Maleinsäurederivate |
| WO2009080489A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-07-02 | Clariant International Ltd | Retanning and fatliquoring agent for leather |
| US8551551B2 (en) | 2012-01-06 | 2013-10-08 | Perlman Consulting, Llc | Stabilization of omega-3 fatty acids in saturated fat microparticles having low linoleic acid content |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3317422A1 (de) * | 1983-05-13 | 1986-11-06 | Dr. Th.Böhme KG Chem. Fabrik GmbH & Co, 8192 Geretsried | Fettungsmittel fuer leder |
| EP0247490A1 (de) * | 1986-05-26 | 1987-12-02 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Sulfitierte Fettstoffe |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3419405A1 (de) * | 1984-05-24 | 1985-11-28 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren zur herstellung von leder und pelzen |
| DE3437443A1 (de) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-04-17 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren zur herstellung von fettungsmittel fuer leder und pelze |
| DE3507241A1 (de) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-04 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren zur herstellung wasserdichter leder oder pelze |
| DE3617657C2 (de) * | 1986-05-26 | 1994-08-18 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Bei Raumtemperatur flüssige Derivate von natürlichen Fetten oder Ölen, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung, und ihre Verwendung |
| DE3811267C1 (de) * | 1988-04-02 | 1989-05-18 | Schill & Seilacher Gmbh & Co, 7030 Boeblingen, De |
-
1992
- 1992-11-30 DE DE4240159A patent/DE4240159A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-11-22 US US08/446,771 patent/US5554306A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-22 EP EP94901845A patent/EP0670828B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-22 ES ES94901845T patent/ES2103564T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-22 DE DE59306800T patent/DE59306800D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-22 AT AT94901845T patent/ATE154593T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-22 WO PCT/EP1993/003274 patent/WO1994012471A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3317422A1 (de) * | 1983-05-13 | 1986-11-06 | Dr. Th.Böhme KG Chem. Fabrik GmbH & Co, 8192 Geretsried | Fettungsmittel fuer leder |
| EP0247490A1 (de) * | 1986-05-26 | 1987-12-02 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Sulfitierte Fettstoffe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5554306A (en) | 1996-09-10 |
| DE59306800D1 (de) | 1997-07-24 |
| ATE154593T1 (de) | 1997-07-15 |
| EP0670828A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 |
| ES2103564T3 (es) | 1997-09-16 |
| EP0670828B1 (de) | 1997-06-18 |
| DE4240159A1 (de) | 1994-06-01 |
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