WO1994016278A1 - Four a vide pour traitement thermique - Google Patents

Four a vide pour traitement thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994016278A1
WO1994016278A1 PCT/PL1993/000001 PL9300001W WO9416278A1 WO 1994016278 A1 WO1994016278 A1 WO 1994016278A1 PL 9300001 W PL9300001 W PL 9300001W WO 9416278 A1 WO9416278 A1 WO 9416278A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
elements
segments
heating chamber
vacuum furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/PL1993/000001
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Józef OLEJNIK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seco/warwick Spolka Z Oo (ltd)
Original Assignee
Seco/warwick Spolka Z Oo (ltd)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seco/warwick Spolka Z Oo (ltd) filed Critical Seco/warwick Spolka Z Oo (ltd)
Publication of WO1994016278A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994016278A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
    • F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
    • F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a vacuum furnace for thermal treatment, particularly for quenching metal workpieces made of various grades of steel and alloys. It may be used for annealing and soldering.
  • the objects under thermal treatment are placed in a thermally insulated heating chamber and heated by convection until they reach the temperature of 700o - 900o C; whereas in the case of the vacuum furnace - the austenitizing temperature.
  • the charge is cooled by a neutral cooling gas which is circulated under pressure through the heating chamber.
  • the process of heating cooling is performed by two independent structural elements of the furnace, namely: heating elements and gas collectors.
  • Application P 292743 presented a solution where the collectors were installed inside the heating chamber and placed evenly on the perimeter of the charge outline. As far as the heating elements are concerned, a well-known and classic solution was used.
  • the West German patent No. 3736502 presented a construction of a furnace gas collectors were thin-walled tubular heating elements of the diameter of 60 - 120 mm, made of C-C composite materials. In this solution gas collectors were placed evenly round the charge .
  • a furnace was designed in which one structural element functions as both the heating element and gas collector.
  • the vacuum furnace for thermal treatment has got on the perimeter of the heating chamber flat rectangular elements made of a resistive heating material which secures dimensional and thermal stability at temperatures up to 1 400o C.
  • the edges of these elements, escept for the one situated at the back wall of the furnace, are sealed with a ceramic material.
  • the seal is embedded on a flexible bracket made of a heating material; preferably in the form of a thin-walled channel-bar.
  • the seal serves as a current insulator at the spot where the element is fixed to the insulation wall of the furnace.
  • the elements are also connected to each other by connecting links made of materials of good electric conductivity in order to obtain an electric circuit.
  • Each of the flat elements is divided into segments of equal size so that a slot thus created between the segments would constitute an electric insulation of each individual segment.
  • the number of segments depends on the scheme of connections employed for the current supply to the heating chamber. It is advisable to assign two segments to one phase.
  • the slots between the segments constitute the collector's cooling slot nozzles.
  • the space between the internal wall of the heating chamber and the flat rectangular multi-segment elements installed there constitutes the gas collector. From the gas collector the gas is forced into the work space of the heating chamber through apertures made in individual segments and through the slot nozzles. The apertures are placed evenly on the perimeter of the charge outline.
  • a furnace equipped with an element f nctioning both as a heater and a gas collector makes it possible to increase the work space of the heating chamber without increasing the overall dimensions of the furnace.
  • a large area of the flat elements divided into segments allows us to obtain a very homogeneous thermal field.
  • the gas flowing through the nozzles in the segments and slots between the segments cools the charge quickly and evenly.
  • Fig.1 shows an end view
  • Fig.3 detail of mounting to insulation wall together with the seal.
  • the furnace for thermal treatment has in the heating chamber four flat rectangular elements 1 made of C-C composite materials.
  • the elements 1 have on their edges a seal 2 made of ceramic tubes (except for the part situated at the back wall of the furnace).
  • the seal 2 is a current insulator between the element 1 and the outer furnace body at the spot where it is fixed to the insulation wall. It is embedded on a flexible racket 3 in the form af a thin-walled channel-bar of C-C composite.
  • Elements 1 are connected with each other by electric conductors 4 in order to produce an electric circuit.
  • Each of the elements 1 is divided into six equal segments 1a which create slots 5 of the width of 2,5 mm constituting electric insulation.
  • the slot 5 nozzle of the cooling gas collestor.
  • two apertures 6 are made where the nozzles are mounted.
  • the apertures 6 are so placed as to create a uniform grid on the perimeter of the charge outline.
  • the space 7 of the width of 5 mm between the insulation wall of the furnace and elements 1 fixed to it constitutes the gas collector from which the cooling gas is forced to the charge space through slots 5 and apertures 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de la présente invention est un four à vide pour traitement thermique, en particulier pour la trempe de pièces métalliques de différentes qualités d'acier et d'alliages. Selon l'invention, le four comporte sur le périmètre de la chambre de chauffe, des éléments rectangulaires plats (1) constitués d'un matériau résistant à la chaleur qui assure la stabilité dimensionnelle et thermique. A l'exception de l'élément situé à la paroi arrière du four, les éléments (1) comportent un joint (2) en matériau céramique sur leurs bords; ce joint constitue un isolateur de courant. Ils sont reliés par des liaisons (4) constitués dans un matériau possédant une bonne conductivité électrique. Chaque élément (1) est divisé en segments (1a) de même dimension de sorte qu'un espace (5) soit créé, isolant électriquement chaque segment. Des ouvertures (6) sont prévues dans chaque segment pour permettre le flux de gaz. L'espace entre la paroi intérieure de la chambre de chauffe et les éléments (1) montés dans cette chambre, constitue le collecteur de gaz (7) depuis lequel le gaz de refroidissement s'écoule dans l'espace de travail de la chambre de chauffe, à travers les ouvertures (6) et les espaces (5).
PCT/PL1993/000001 1993-01-14 1993-03-04 Four a vide pour traitement thermique Ceased WO1994016278A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP.297439 1993-01-14
PL29743993A PL170386B1 (pl) 1993-01-14 1993-01-14 Piec prózniowy do obróbki cieplnej PL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994016278A1 true WO1994016278A1 (fr) 1994-07-21

Family

ID=20059371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PL1993/000001 Ceased WO1994016278A1 (fr) 1993-01-14 1993-03-04 Four a vide pour traitement thermique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
PL (1) PL170386B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994016278A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0884547A1 (fr) * 1997-05-19 1998-12-16 Ipsen International, Inc. Support d'élément chauffant dans un four électrique de traitement thermique
DE10248506A1 (de) * 2001-10-12 2003-06-26 Wems Inc Vakuumofen, System, das diesen enthält, und Verfahren zu dessen Verwendung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799881A (en) * 1986-10-16 1989-01-24 Grier-Mcguire Inc. "Twist-lock" gas nozzle for a heat treating furnace
EP0313889A1 (fr) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-03 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four sous vide pour le traitement à chaud de pièces métalliques
DE4113458A1 (de) * 1991-04-25 1992-10-29 Iva Industrieoefen Verfahren A Vakuumofen mit begrenztem stroemungsquerschnitt in der heizkammer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799881A (en) * 1986-10-16 1989-01-24 Grier-Mcguire Inc. "Twist-lock" gas nozzle for a heat treating furnace
EP0313889A1 (fr) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-03 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four sous vide pour le traitement à chaud de pièces métalliques
DE4113458A1 (de) * 1991-04-25 1992-10-29 Iva Industrieoefen Verfahren A Vakuumofen mit begrenztem stroemungsquerschnitt in der heizkammer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0884547A1 (fr) * 1997-05-19 1998-12-16 Ipsen International, Inc. Support d'élément chauffant dans un four électrique de traitement thermique
US5930285A (en) * 1997-05-19 1999-07-27 Ipsen International, Inc. Heating element support for an electric heat treating furnace
DE10248506A1 (de) * 2001-10-12 2003-06-26 Wems Inc Vakuumofen, System, das diesen enthält, und Verfahren zu dessen Verwendung
DE10248506B4 (de) * 2001-10-12 2005-06-23 WEMS, Inc., Howthorne Vakuumofen, System, das diesen enthält, und Verfahren zu dessen Verwendung
US6914218B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2005-07-05 Wems, Inc. Vacuum oven, system incorporating the same and method of using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL297439A1 (en) 1994-07-25
PL170386B1 (pl) 1996-12-31

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