WO1994019262A1 - Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos - Google Patents

Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994019262A1
WO1994019262A1 PCT/US1993/001575 US9301575W WO9419262A1 WO 1994019262 A1 WO1994019262 A1 WO 1994019262A1 US 9301575 W US9301575 W US 9301575W WO 9419262 A1 WO9419262 A1 WO 9419262A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
high purity
angle
polysihcon
repose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1993/001575
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James R. Meyer
Roger D. Bradshaw
Kenneth M. Bueche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ethyl Corp
Original Assignee
Ethyl Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ethyl Corp filed Critical Ethyl Corp
Priority to PCT/US1993/001575 priority Critical patent/WO1994019262A1/fr
Publication of WO1994019262A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994019262A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/54—Gates or closures
    • B65D90/58—Gates or closures having closure members sliding in the plane of the opening
    • B65D90/582—Gates or closures having closure members sliding in the plane of the opening having a rotational motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2590/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D2590/54—Gates or closures
    • B65D2590/542—Gates or closures special sealing means or means for improving sealing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • F27D2003/105—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots using shutters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a valve for use in dispensing a solid material, particularly to an angle of repose valve for use in dispensing high purity solid materials.
  • This angle of repose is accomplished by depositing the high purity solid material onto a non-contaminating surface and may be used in conjunction with a gas-tight seal. The solid material is then dispensed through the valve by releasing the gas-tight seal and removing the non-contaminating surface from the flow path of the high purity solid material.
  • Any number of valves have been designed and used in the past in conjunction with the control of solid materials. However, the inventors of the present invention have not found a valve that serves well when the solid being handled is a very hard, high purity solid material. This is because pre-existing valves tend to wear down in the presence of an abrasive material, reducing valve life and leading to contamination of the material being handled. In addition, many pre-existing valves can become blocked during opening and closing by dense particles of materials.
  • the Dome Valve produced by Macawber Engineering Incorporated of Maryville Tennessee provides a single action, pressure tight valve for bulk materials and abrasive slurries.
  • the valve comprises a dome-shaped component which rotates into the flow path of such materials to close the valve and rotates out of the flow path to open the valve for particle flow.
  • the Dome Valve also utilizes an inflatable sealing ring to help maintain a seal against passage of small material particles. This valve, however, does not provide a non- contaminating means of handling high purity substances.
  • the dome-shaped component and inflatable sealing ring of the Macawber valve require that a very close clearance be maintained between the dome-shaped component and the opening through with the bulk materials flow. When larger granules or pellets of material are used, this close clearance can allow the material to abrade the valve components or to block the functions of the valve.
  • the Spherical Disc Valves Produced by GEMCO of Middlesex, New Jersey provide a similar valve for handling solid materials.
  • the GEMCO valves rotate a disc into the flow path of materials to form a sealed valve.
  • This disc has a noted self-wiping action, in that the disc wipes material away as it moves into a seated position in the opening. Any material caught halfway through the valve is generally sheared off by the disc as it fits into the closed position. While this action may be useful for many materials, it is not useful for very dense, high purity substances. Such a shearing action abrades the valve components and can contaminate the material handled.
  • U.S. Patent No.4,806,317 (Boone et al.) provides a cylindrical container which may be rotated into an open and a closed position to serve as a non-contaminating angle of repose valve.
  • This valve provides a means of regulating the flow of a dense, high purity material.
  • This mechanism does not allow a gas-tight sealing means to be used outside the flow of such materials. Thus, such materials can abrade the sealing device and reduce the purity of the solid material.
  • the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art valves.
  • the present invention allows both a means of stopping the flow of a high purity solid and a means of forming a gas-tight seal. These results may be accomplished while handling potentially abrasive, high purity materials, without the danger of contaminating the materials or damaging the valve. In many cases, the materials are passing through the valve from a protected environment.
  • a protected environment may be seen as any internal environment intentionally separated from external contamination, such as high purity environments, thermally controlled environments or inert environments.
  • the present valve provides a means of maintaining the purity of this protected environment, as well as the high purity materials it contains.
  • the present invention consists of: a) a valve housing which has a top inlet means to allow materials to enter into the valve and a bottom outlet means which allows the materials to exit the valve housing; b) an inlet tube sealingly disposed in the top inlet means which receives the flow of the high purity solids from the protected environment; c) a blocking means which is contained within the valve housing and may be moved into a first position which prevents the flow of high purity solids through the valve housing by allowing the solids to build up and form an angle of repose between the blocking means and the inlet tube, thus stopping the flow of material, and which may also be moved into a second position which allows the high purity solids to flow through the valve housing; and d) a means of forming a gas-tight seal between the blocking means and said inlet means when the blocking means is in the above-mentioned first position, thus blocking the flow of both solids and gases through the valve.
  • the present valve is used to provide a means of controlling the flow of high purity solid materials under situations where purity control is of the utmost importance.
  • An example of such is the passage of materials from protected environment where the materials being transported have been protected from the external environment and its potential impurities. In such cases, the material may be blanketed by a protective atmosphere of an inert gas, such as nitrogen, helium or argon.
  • the present valve is also designed for special use in cases where the material flowing through the valve itself may cause contamination by abrading the inner surfaces of many types of valves.
  • a specific example of such a combination of occurrences would be the dispensing of high purity silicon particles from a pressurized and protected environment.
  • a preferred application of the present invention is in the dispensing of high purity polysihcon particles, such as those produced by the decomposition of silicon-containing compounds in a fluidized bed reactor.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention is an angle of repose valve such as the following:
  • An angle of repose valve for dispensing high purity polysihcon particles from a protected environment, said valve comprising: a) a valve housing having a top inlet means and a bottom outlet means; b) an inlet tube sealingly disposed in said top inlet means which receives a flow of high purity polysihcon particles from said protected environment; c) a blocking means contained within said valve housing which may be moved into a first position which prevents the flow of the high purity polysihcon particles through said valve housing by allowing said high purity polysihcon particles to form an angle of repose between said blocking means and said inlet tube, and which may also be moved into a second position which allows the flow of said high purity polysihcon particles through said valve housing; and d) a means of forming a gas-tight seal between said blocking means and said inlet means when the blocking means is in said first position.
  • the polysihcon particles mentioned above be particles passing from a fluidized bed, moving bed or stationary bed reactor.
  • the reactor forms the protected environment and may contain an inert atmosphere such as hydrogen, nitrogen, argon or helium.
  • an inert atmosphere such as hydrogen, nitrogen, argon or helium.
  • any materials known to function well under the stresses and conditions encountered during normal valve use may be utilized. It is preferred that the materials used either be non-contaminating to the high purity products passing through the valve or be susceptible to a coating, sheeting or lining of non-contaminating materials. This is especially true when the valve is used in conjunction with high purity polysihcon particles.
  • valve parts that may come into contact with the polysihcon particles be coated, sheeted, lined or in some other way covered by a non- contaminating layer of material, such as quartz or silicon. It is also preferred that the materials utilized be inert to the materials passing through the valve.
  • the valve housing seen in the present invention may be similar to those found in conventional valves. It may be comprised of a monocellular body or of a series of interconnected surfaces. Standard requirements are that the housing allows an internal chamber in which the blocking means and means of forming a gas-tight seal can successfully operate. It is preferred that the valve housing be constructed of a strong, durable material, such as stainless steel. It is more preferred that the construction of the valve housing allow a gas-tight environment to be formed in the valve. It is also more preferred that the internal surfaces of the valve housing that may come into contact with the high purity solids, be comprised, sheeted, coated or lined with a material which is non-contaminating to said high purity solids. In cases where the valve is used in relation to polysihcon particles, it is most preferred that this non-contaminating coating or lining be comprised of quartz or silicon.
  • an inlet means is found at the top or upper portion of the valve housing and an outlet means is found at the bottom or lower portion.
  • the inlet means may comprise all or part of the upper portion of the valve housing. It must be secured into the remainder of the valve housing such that a gas-tight seal may be formed. It must also allow an inlet tube to be sealingly disposed into the inlet means such that a gas-tight seal may be maintained and the desired solids may be allowed pass into the valve from an environment above.
  • the inlet tube comprises an opening through which the solid materials may pass from an environment above into the valve housing.
  • the inlet tube need not be of any particular shape, size or dimension and can be designed to meet the needs of particular solids.
  • the inlet tube may open directly into an environment immediately above the valve or may be a conduit which conveys solid materials from an environment which is separated from the valve. It is preferred that the inlet tube have an inner surface which is non-contaminating to the solids passing through the inlet tube. In the case where the solids are polysihcon particles, it is most preferred that the inner surface of the inlet tube be comprised of a non-contaminating material, such as quartz or silicon.
  • a blocking means is utilized to either form or release an angle of repose.
  • the blocking means must have a surface which can be placed in a position perpendicular, and in close proximity, to the flow of solid material as it passes through the valve. This surface must be of a design such that the flowing solid material will build up on said surface to form a blocking angle of repose between said surface and the inlet tube. It is preferred that the surface be a flattened surface. It is more preferred that said surface be a counterbored surface.
  • the term counterbored shall refer to one or more than one recess, hollowing or indentation found in the flattened surface. It is also more preferred that said surface be comprised of a material which is non-contaminating to the solid materials passing through the valve. When the solids are polysihcon, it is most preferred that the surface be either quartz or silicon.
  • this surface of the blocking means comprise a disc which may be moved into and from its second position, which is in close proximity, and perpendicular, to the inlet tube. It is more preferred that this surface be rotated between said first and second positions via one or more, preferably two, support arms. It is preferred that the support arm(s) be connected to the surface such that the support arm(s) will not interfere with either the formation of the angle of repose or the flow of solid materials when the blocking means is in the second (open) position.
  • connection between the disc and the support arm(s) be located at the outer edge of the disc or on the side of the disc opposite the surface which contacts the solid material to form an angle of repose.
  • the portion of each support arm(s) which is distally located from the disc is then terminally connected to an actuator means.
  • This actuator means may be any pneumatic, mechanical, electrical or other means which allows the rotation of the blocking means between said first and second positions.
  • the location of the support arm(s) and the actuator means inside the valve housing should be such that they do not impede the flow of particles through the valve.
  • the support arm(s) and actuator means be outside the direct flow path of solid materials as they pass through the valve. It is most preferred that any portion of the actuator means and blocking means, including the support arm(s), that may contact the high purity solids have an external surface comprising a non- contaminating material. As noted above, when handhng polysihcon, it is preferred that this material be quartz or silicon.
  • One advantage of the present valve design is the ability to stem the flow of solid material through the valve and form a gas-tight seal when the valve housing contains a static or dynamic mass of solid materials. Should the flow of high purity solid material out of the bottom outlet means be prohibited by some compaction below, material may settle in the valve housing. In such cases it is desirable that the blocking means still be able to be rotated to its second (closed) position. By maintaining the surface of the blocking means towards the upper portion of the valve housing, the weight of the sohds is minimized and does not prevent rotation of the blocking means. It is preferred that the present valve housing allow additional space above the arc of the blocking means rotation. This additional space allows for displacement of sohd materials as the blocking means is rotated in a congested valve housing. Such additional space not only assists in the ease of rotating the blocking means, but reduces any abrasion that may be caused by such rotation among compacted solids.
  • Still another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a means of forming a gas-tight seal in direct conjunction with the angle of repose valve.
  • a number of solids may be passing through the present valve from a protected environment.
  • This environment may be pressurized and/or contain a desired gas or gases.
  • the desired means of forming a gas-tight seal allows the maintenance of this environment by limiting both the loss of the desired internal gases or an influx of unwanted gases from below.
  • a protected position constitutes a position which removes said means of forming a gas- tight seal from the potentially abrasive flow of solid material.
  • the means of forming the gas-tight seal be a seal formed between the top inlet means and the surface of the blocking means when said blocking means is in the first (closed) position.
  • a number of means of forming a gas-tight seal may be utilized. An example would be the use of a seal or gasket structure, such as an O-ring. Such a gasket or seal could be included in a means such that it could be contacted with the blocking means to form a gas-tight seal. It is more preferred that the means of forming a gas-tight seal between the top inlet means and the blocking means be an inflatable seal.
  • the means of forming a gas-tight seal be an inflatable seal which is withdrawn into a recess in the top inlet means when deflated. Such withdrawal further insures the protection of the seal and the solid materials purity. It is also most preferred that the material used to inflate the seal be inert and non-contaminating to the material passing through the valve.
  • the gas-tight inflatable seal may be comprised of any elastomeric material which functions in such an inflatable manner and is not quickly degraded under the conditions found during typical use of the valve.
  • the inert gas which is used to inflate the seal may be passed through a passage or flange in the top inlet means and regulated by contemporary means such as with the use of a selenoid valve and a pressure regulator.
  • the bottom outlet means may be any form of sealable or non-sealable opening found at the bottom or lower portion of the valve which allows the solid material and gases passing through the valve to exit the valve housing. While a means of preventing material from passing upwards into the valve can easily be accomplished, it is preferred in the present invention that the bottom outlet means be unobstructed. As with other portions of the valve which may come into contact with the high purity solids, it is preferred that the bottom outlet means, as well as any solids conducting means it may lead to, have a non-contaminating inner surface.
  • Illustrations I and II demonstrate the action of the present invention under the conditions of a dynamic flow of solid materials through the valve.
  • the pertinent portions of the valve can be seen as diagramed in Illustration I, which demonstrates the valve with the blocking means (10-12) in the second (open) position.
  • the top inlet means, labelled 1 can be seen at the upper portion of the illustration.
  • the inlet tube (2) is sealingly disposed in the top inlet means and allows a flow of high purity solid material (6) to enter the internal chamber contained by the valve housing (5).
  • a circular inflatable seal (4) is seen recessed into an invagination of the inner surface of the top inlet means (1), said inflatable seal to be inflated and deflated by the passage of a gas or hquid through the passage of flange labelled 3.
  • the lower portion of the valve is lined with a protective lining (7) of non-contaminating material, preferably silicon or quartz.
  • a protective lining (7) of non-contaminating material preferably silicon or quartz.
  • the action of the valve is controlled by the rotation of the blocking means (10- 12) and the actuator means (9). Rotation of the actuator means rotates the blocking means between the second position (open) seen in Illustration I and the first position (closed) seen in Illustration II.
  • Illustration I subdivides the flattened surface or disc of the blocking means into discs labelled 11 and 12.
  • the counterbored surface preferred in the present invention can be seen as illustrated by the indentation or recess in the upper portion of the disc (12).
  • the separation of the disc further illustrates the use of a non-contaminating surface (12) that will come into contact with the solid materials when the blocking means closes the valve.
  • Illustration I is the notable space for passage between the surface of the blocking means (12) and the top inlet means (1). This additional space provides a gap through which larger, abrasive particles, such as polysihcon particles, can pass without abrading the valve or becoming crushed.
  • Illustration I further demonstrates the location of the support arm(s) of the blocking means and the actuator means while material is passing through the valve.
  • two support arms are terminally connected to two rotational actuator means which are opposite each other in the valve housing.
  • the flow of materials passes between each set comprised of a support arm and its corresponding actuator means.
  • the support arms and actuator means be comprised of, or covered on their external surfaces by, a non-contaminating material.
  • Illustration II demonstrates the first (closed) position of the valve.
  • the blocking means has been rotated into its upright position such that the counterbored surface of the disc is seen as perpendicular to the flow path of solid material. Solid material then builds up on the disc to form an angle of repose (15) between the counterbored surface and the inlet tube, thus stemming the flow of the solid material.
  • the gas-tight seal created when the inflatable seal is fully inflated (16) such that it extends beyond the recesses of the top inlet means and contacts the surface of the blocking means.
  • Illustrations III and IV demonstrate the function of the present valve in the presence of a static column of material. Should a congestion below the bottom outlet means cause solid materials to build up in the valve housing, the present valve can still be operated. As noted in Illustration III, solids filling the valve's internal chamber will rise until they form an angle of repose and inhibit the entrance of further solids into the chamber. Because of the preferred additional space in the upper portions of the present valve, the blocking means can displace solids into this additional space (Illustration IV) as it is rotated and avoid unwanted resistance between the material and the moving parts of the valve. Having read the description above in conjunction with the accompanying illustrations, one skilled in the art could determine various changes and modifications which are within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)

Abstract

La vanne est constituée d'un logement (5) de vanne, d'un moyen d'entrée (2), d'un moyen de sortie (8), d'un moyen d'obturation (10-12) pouvant créer un angle de repos dudit matériau solide s'écoulant, entre ledit moyen d'obturation et ledit moyen d'entrée, et d'un moyen (4) pour former un joint étanche aux gaz.
PCT/US1993/001575 1993-02-22 1993-02-22 Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos Ceased WO1994019262A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1993/001575 WO1994019262A1 (fr) 1993-02-22 1993-02-22 Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1993/001575 WO1994019262A1 (fr) 1993-02-22 1993-02-22 Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994019262A1 true WO1994019262A1 (fr) 1994-09-01

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PCT/US1993/001575 Ceased WO1994019262A1 (fr) 1993-02-22 1993-02-22 Valve d'etancheite gonflable a angle de repos

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WO (1) WO1994019262A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR857652A (fr) * 1939-07-10 1940-09-24 Ph Lafon Ets Dispositif étanche d'obturation avec vanne pour silos et autres récipients
DE736871C (de) * 1939-09-30 1943-06-30 Westfalia Dinnendahl Groeppel Bunkerverschluss, insbesondere fuer feinkoernige Gueter
FR1114603A (fr) * 1954-11-18 1956-04-16 Vanne pour centrales à ciment et analogues
US4583568A (en) * 1983-11-21 1986-04-22 Kurimoto, Ltd. Valve assembly for powdery granules
SU1337320A1 (ru) * 1985-11-10 1987-09-15 Курский Опытный Завод "Спецэлеватормельмаш" Всесоюзного Промышленного Объединения По Производству Экспериментального Технологического Элеваторного И Мельничного Оборудования "Союзпромэлеватормельмаш" Бункерное устройство
US4806317A (en) * 1985-08-01 1989-02-21 Ethyl Corporation Fluidized bed reactor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR857652A (fr) * 1939-07-10 1940-09-24 Ph Lafon Ets Dispositif étanche d'obturation avec vanne pour silos et autres récipients
DE736871C (de) * 1939-09-30 1943-06-30 Westfalia Dinnendahl Groeppel Bunkerverschluss, insbesondere fuer feinkoernige Gueter
FR1114603A (fr) * 1954-11-18 1956-04-16 Vanne pour centrales à ciment et analogues
US4583568A (en) * 1983-11-21 1986-04-22 Kurimoto, Ltd. Valve assembly for powdery granules
US4806317A (en) * 1985-08-01 1989-02-21 Ethyl Corporation Fluidized bed reactor
SU1337320A1 (ru) * 1985-11-10 1987-09-15 Курский Опытный Завод "Спецэлеватормельмаш" Всесоюзного Промышленного Объединения По Производству Экспериментального Технологического Элеваторного И Мельничного Оборудования "Союзпромэлеватормельмаш" Бункерное устройство

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Section PQ, Week 8815, 14 April 1988 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class Q34, AN 88-104314 & SU,A,1 337 320 (KURSK SPETSELEVATOR) *

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