WO1994028096A1 - Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten - Google Patents
Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994028096A1 WO1994028096A1 PCT/DE1994/000595 DE9400595W WO9428096A1 WO 1994028096 A1 WO1994028096 A1 WO 1994028096A1 DE 9400595 W DE9400595 W DE 9400595W WO 9428096 A1 WO9428096 A1 WO 9428096A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- weight
- liquids according
- electroviscous
- linear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/30—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms
- C10M129/34—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/001—Electrorheological fluids; smart fluids
Definitions
- the invention relates to homogeneous electroviscous liquids (EVF).
- Electroviscous liquids in the form of dispersions of finely divided hydrophilic solids in hydrophobic liquids have been known for some time.
- the special feature of these liquids is that their flow behavior and thus their viscosity can be changed within wide limits by applying an electric field, so that there are wide-ranging and versatile possible uses.
- Electroviscous liquids are intended for use in particular in the field of industrial and vehicle hydraulics, e.g. for machine and engine mounting or damping, for positioning workpieces, for vehicle level control, vehicle suspension and damping as well as for torque converters and automatic clutches.
- the material composition of the known electroviscous liquids is very different.
- the electroviscous liquids consist of three components, a disperse phase which contains silicates, zeolites, titanates, semiconductors, polysaccharides or organic polymers, an electrically non-conductive hydrophobic liquid as the liquid phase and a dispersant.
- DE 35 36 934 A1 describes electroviscous liquids whose disperse phase contains aluminum silicates which have a water content of 1-25% by weight and whose atomic ratio Al / Si on the surface is between 0.15 and 0.80.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide homogeneous electroviscous liquids which meet the technical requirements of a modern industrial hydraulic fluid and which do not have the disadvantages described, but rather have a high electroviscous effect.
- electroviscous liquids which contain or consist of aluminum soaps which are obtained by reacting one or more saturated and / or unsaturated monomeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric C3 to C 3 2-polycarboxylic acid ( n) with one or more carboxyl groups, their anhydrides and / or half-esters, their alcohol component (s) being linear or branched, mono- or polyvalent C- * to C- * 2 alcohols and / or their oligomers, with a or more of the following reactive aluminum compound (s)
- Aluminum alkyls, oxoalkylenes, hydroxycarboxylates, oxocarboxylates, oxoalcoholates, alkoxy carboxylates, oxides and / or oxyhydrates are produced
- the reactive aluminum compounds are preferably
- reaction products of the polycarboxylic acids, anhydrides or half esters with the active aluminum compounds are used as aluminum soaps, in which all or some of the valences of the aluminum have been reacted.
- the electroviscous liquids according to the invention preferably comprise the following individual components:
- Component (a) 2-50% by weight, preferably 5-40% by weight, in particular 10-35% by weight of the aluminum soap, in homogeneous solution with component (b): 50-98% by weight, preferably 60 -95% by weight, in particular 65-90% by weight, of a conventional hydraulic base liquid, and additionally component (c): 0-10% by weight, preferably 0-5% by weight, in particular 0.1 up to 2% by weight, soluble, known hydraulic additives, each based on the total composition.
- Component (a) consists of oligomeric, complex aluminum soaps based on reaction adducts of polycarboxylic acids or olefinic carboxylic acids, their anhydrides, semiesters or oligomers with the active aluminum compounds. Soap formation takes place completely or partially, for example by targeted partial hydrolysis, so that hydroxyl soap structures are formed.
- Polycarboxylic acids are to be understood as carboxylic acids which are formed by reacting unsaturated carboxylic acids with one another or with olefins. Compounds which consist of 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6, units are used as their oligomers.
- Linear or branched mono- or polyhydric alcohols are used as alcohol components of the polycarboxylic acid half-esters.
- the C number is advantageously determined by the selection of the base liquid in order to ensure the solubility of the corresponding reaction products.
- component (a) examples include partial ester / aluminum soap adducts based on alkenyl succinic anhydrides, in particular n-hexenyl succinic anhydrides, diisobutenyl succinic anhydrides, tetrapropenyl succinic anhydrides, dodecenyl succinic anhydride.
- alkenyl succinic anhydrides in particular n-hexenyl succinic anhydrides, diisobutenyl succinic anhydrides, tetrapropenyl succinic anhydrides, dodecenyl succinic anhydride.
- olefin addition products of itaconic, citraconic and mesaconic acid are also suitable.
- copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids for example maleic, fumaric, acrylic or ⁇ methacrylic acid, can be used.
- Polyesters bearing carboxyl groups and based on saturated or aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as a
- Component (b) includes hydraulic media such as conventional mineral oil selective raffinates, hydrocrackates, hydrogenates, poly-alpha-olefins or synthetic esters.
- Component (c) comprises conventional hydraulic additives for optimizing the hydraulic product properties, e.g. of
- component (c) examples are:
- the olefin carboxylic acid half ester is initially introduced in dilute form and mixed with the Al carrier component with the rejection of moisture.
- the nominal viscosity is adjusted with component (b), and additive is added with component (c) in accordance with the respective requirements.
- the liquids produced in this way show a strongly increasing viscosity increase with a strengthening of the field in the voltage field from approx. 500 V / mm field strength.
- the optimum responsiveness is in the range of 3-8 kV / mm field strength with an aluminum content of preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.
- the initial viscosity of the EVF can range from 15 to 6000 mPA-s at 40 ° C.
- Example 1 is based on a polycarboxylic acid which has not been reacted with an active aluminum compound. It turned out to be ineffective.
- Examples 2 to 4 describe reaction products according to the invention.
- the corresponding electrorheological measurement results are shown in the attached table.
- the final mix had one
- Example 2 50 g of the tetrapropenylsuccinic acid half ester of Example 1 were dissolved in 150 ml of toluene and cooled to -30 ° C. and rendered inert. 33 ml of a 10% solution of ⁇ methyl aluminum oxide (product from Witco) were added with a syringe.
- ⁇ methyl aluminum oxide product from Witco
- a mixture of 10 g of the tetrapropenylsuccinic acid half-ester of Example 1, 2.5 g of aluminum oxide hydrate (Disperal R ', Condea Chemie), 15 g of pelargonic acid and 130 g of naphthenic white oil as hydraulic base oil were heated to 120 ° C. for one hour. At 80 - 100 ° C by a
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59406666T DE59406666D1 (de) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
| EP94916135A EP0652929B1 (de) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
| BR9405380-4A BR9405380A (pt) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Lìquidos eletroviscosos homogêneos. |
| DE4493438T DE4493438D2 (de) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogene elektroviskose Flüssigkeiten |
| KR1019950700322A KR100279494B1 (ko) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | 균일한 전기 점성 유체 |
| AU67930/94A AU6793094A (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogeneous electroviscous liquids |
| CA002141205A CA2141205C (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogeneous electro-viscous fluids |
| JP50010595A JP3433942B2 (ja) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | 均質な電気粘性液体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4317764A DE4317764A1 (de) | 1993-05-28 | 1993-05-28 | Homogene elektroviskose Flüssigkeiten |
| DEP4317764.6 | 1993-05-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994028096A1 true WO1994028096A1 (de) | 1994-12-08 |
Family
ID=6489119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1994/000595 Ceased WO1994028096A1 (de) | 1993-05-28 | 1994-05-25 | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0652929B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3433942B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100279494B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE169666T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU6793094A (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9405380A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2141205C (de) |
| CZ (1) | CZ292137B6 (de) |
| DE (3) | DE4317764A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU95106492A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994028096A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10108533C2 (de) * | 2001-02-22 | 2003-09-25 | Schenck Ag Carl | Drehmomentwandler auf Basis elektrorheologischer und/oder magnetorheologischer Flüssigkeiten |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3047507A (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1962-07-31 | Wefco Inc | Field responsive force transmitting compositions |
| WO1993011209A1 (de) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-10 | Rwe-Dea Aktiengesellschaft Für Mineralöl Und Chem Ie | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
-
1993
- 1993-05-28 DE DE4317764A patent/DE4317764A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-05-25 AU AU67930/94A patent/AU6793094A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-25 EP EP94916135A patent/EP0652929B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 JP JP50010595A patent/JP3433942B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 DE DE59406666T patent/DE59406666D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-25 WO PCT/DE1994/000595 patent/WO1994028096A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1994-05-25 KR KR1019950700322A patent/KR100279494B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 RU RU95106492/04A patent/RU95106492A/ru unknown
- 1994-05-25 DE DE4493438T patent/DE4493438D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-25 AT AT94916135T patent/ATE169666T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-25 CZ CZ1995178A patent/CZ292137B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-25 CA CA002141205A patent/CA2141205C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-25 BR BR9405380-4A patent/BR9405380A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3047507A (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1962-07-31 | Wefco Inc | Field responsive force transmitting compositions |
| WO1993011209A1 (de) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-10 | Rwe-Dea Aktiengesellschaft Für Mineralöl Und Chem Ie | Homogene elektroviskose flüssigkeiten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2141205A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
| DE4317764A1 (de) | 1994-12-01 |
| EP0652929A1 (de) | 1995-05-17 |
| AU6793094A (en) | 1994-12-20 |
| KR100279494B1 (ko) | 2001-03-02 |
| JP3433942B2 (ja) | 2003-08-04 |
| CZ292137B6 (cs) | 2003-08-13 |
| DE59406666D1 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
| CZ17895A3 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
| RU95106492A (ru) | 1996-11-20 |
| EP0652929B1 (de) | 1998-08-12 |
| CA2141205C (en) | 2002-10-15 |
| ATE169666T1 (de) | 1998-08-15 |
| DE4493438D2 (de) | 1996-08-22 |
| JPH09505324A (ja) | 1997-05-27 |
| BR9405380A (pt) | 1999-09-08 |
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