WO1995007763A1 - Procede et dispositif de production d'aerosol - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production d'aerosol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995007763A1
WO1995007763A1 PCT/EP1994/002869 EP9402869W WO9507763A1 WO 1995007763 A1 WO1995007763 A1 WO 1995007763A1 EP 9402869 W EP9402869 W EP 9402869W WO 9507763 A1 WO9507763 A1 WO 9507763A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
nozzle opening
opening
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1994/002869
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Pluta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AU76920/94A priority Critical patent/AU7692094A/en
Publication of WO1995007763A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995007763A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/06—Gas or vapour producing the flow, e.g. from a compressible bulb or air pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1087—Combination of liquid and air pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an aerosol, in which a liquid is pressed under pressure through a narrow nozzle opening and thereby atomized.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for producing an aerosol, with a pump device for sucking in a predeterminable liquid volume and devices for pressurizing the sucked-in liquid volume, and with a nozzle which has a small-diameter nozzle opening from which the lower part can be drawn Liquid under pressure emerges under atomization.
  • Such methods and devices are known, for example, from spray bottles with which agents for alleviating the symptoms of a cold are to be injected into nostrils.
  • An aerosol is understood to mean a spray of small, finely divided liquid droplets which, owing to their small size, on the one hand remain finely distributed in the air and on the other hand thereby also provide a very large surface area and thus in an effective and very uniform area Can wet, as in the example of the snuff spray, the mucous membranes of the nose and throat, which may form branches and pockets that are otherwise difficult to reach, but can be easily reached by a very finely divided aerosol.
  • asthma medications and other inhalation agents which should also penetrate the lungs as well as possible, must have an average droplet size of less than 5 ⁇ m, and in particular the size spectrum of the droplets must also be very narrow around such a small average.
  • a corresponding fine distribution during spraying is also desirable for cosmetics or perfume, since the impact of larger droplets on the skin is otherwise perceived as wet.
  • spray bottles have also been known for a long time, which produce air with the help of air.
  • a rubber ball or the like which is connected to a nozzle via a hose, is pressed together, while the air from the rubber ball flows through a nozzle tube and, according to the Venturi principle, sucks in liquid which, when it emerges together with the air from a nozzle, also acts as an aerosol atomized.
  • the decisive disadvantage of these devices which have been known for a very long time, is that an exact metering of the liquid or aerosol is not possible with them. However, this is precisely what is of great importance when using medication.
  • the known methods and devices therefore work by sucking the liquid into a precisely defined, small dosing volume, which is then sprayed out under pressure through the nozzle opening. This requires a pump mechanism that only pumps liquid into the dosing volume.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for producing an aerosol, which on the one hand allow an exact metering of the amount of liquid to be atomized as an aerosol, but on the other hand also have an average smaller droplet size ensure with a very narrow size distribution.
  • this object is achieved in that, at the same time as the liquid is sprayed out of the nozzle opening, a gas stream under pressure is injected into the aerosol being formed at the nozzle opening.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in that at least one air duct is provided in the region of the nozzle opening, which is connected to an air volume which can be pressurized at the same time as the volume of liquid to be sprayed, so that at the same time the spraying of the Liquid also a gas stream emerging from the gas channel acts on the liquid emerging from the nozzle opening.
  • the pumping process and the spraying of the liquid out of the nozzle opening can be carried out essentially unchanged by the conventional method and the conventional device, and in some cases only minor modifications are required to generate the additional gas flow.
  • the present invention is also intended to include nozzles which correspond in all details to conventional nozzle shapes for producing aerosols, with the exception of the fact that additional gas channels are arranged in or on the nozzle, which are in the region of the nozzle opening, be it inside or outside an outer nozzle opening, where an ungas flow under pressure can flow out of the mouths of the gas channels and act on the liquid located in the area of the nozzle opening.
  • the pump mechanism for pumping liquid into a metering volume and then pushing the liquid out of the metering volume and through the nozzle opening need therefore not be described further here.
  • a variant of the method is preferred in which the gas is supplied essentially coaxially with the liquid flow to the nozzle opening.
  • the openings of one or more corresponding gas channels can then be approximately at the same axial height as the liquid opening and should preferably be relatively close together, ie insofar as this is practically possible with the central liquid supply. It may be Expedient if the gas stream coaxial to the liquid stream is given a component radially inward and thus directed towards the emerging liquid droplets immediately before the liquid opening.
  • a cap encloses the end of a liquid nozzle and the gas supply channels and in turn has an outlet opening which is aligned with the central liquid nozzle opening and through which both the gas stream and the droplet stream then exit, with intensive mixing and through the gas stream one further fine distribution of the droplets takes place
  • the admixed gas is air.
  • the gas in question as clean gas and / or inert gas from a gas storage vessel, such as e.g. a pressure bottle.
  • the volume ratio of the gas or air (under normal conditions) to the metered volume of the liquid should be in a ratio of at least 10: 1, better still at least 20: 1, whereby also larger volume ratios of e.g. 100: 1 from gas volume to liquid volume in no way have an adverse effect and should be preferred in cases of doubt.
  • the gas which in the following is assumed to be air for the sake of simplicity and without any intention of limitation, should if possible be coaxial with the liquid, i.e. are supplied in a ring around the liquid nozzle or the delivery pipe leading from the metering volume to the outlet nozzle.
  • This can be a simple ring channel, although a variant of the invention is preferred in which a ring of axially parallel channels is arranged in a ring around the liquid nozzle.
  • the nozzle is preferably designed as a double nozzle, i.e. the liquid first emerges from a first nozzle opening, is mixed with a gas stream opening in this area and this mixture of liquid droplets and gas stream, which already forms an aerosol, then passes through a second, narrow one Nozzle opening, behind which the aerosol is released into the environment.
  • the device in question is arranged on a container to be held in the hand, as is known from snuff sprays and asthma sprays.
  • the nozzle For the special use as a device for generating the spray of a snuff, the nozzle should be designed so that it is suitable for insertion into a nostril.
  • the pump mechanism of the device according to the invention is, in the aforementioned applications, on a container to be held in the hand, a finger pump which has a spring-loaded pump mechanism with a central delivery pipe and a metering volume, the delivery pipe leading to the nozzle opening being led by an air duct or a ring of air ducts is surrounded in a ring shape, this air channel or these air channels being connected to an air chamber from which the air can be at least partially pressed out.
  • such an air chamber consists of two telescopically nested cylindrical sections, one of which is fixed to a container neck or to a transition part attached to it and the other to the actuating mechanism of the finger pump. It is understood that the two cylindrical sections are each closed on their end faces facing away from one another.
  • the cylindrical sections can be telescopically pushed into each other, the displacement volume of the air chamber thus provided provided at least ten times, preferably at least twenty times and e.g. can also be more than a hundred times as large as the volume of a pressure chamber for the amount of liquid to be sprayed out in each case during a pumping or spraying process.
  • an embodiment of the invention which, as in a conventional manner, consists of a central pumping and delivery pipe and a movable cap part, the cap part having an inwardly directed, cylindrical projection which engages around the end section of the delivery pipe provided with the nozzle , so that these parts are brought together, and according to the present invention, air ducts are provided as a ring of longitudinal grooves in the inwardly extending cylindrical sleeve section, which engages around the delivery pipe in the area near the nozzle opening, while below the foot part of the cap the air chamber is provided, in which air is pressurized during the spraying process, which is then up through the channels or Grooves of the sleeve flows out.
  • the foot part of the cap or the subsequent part placed on the container only needs to be modified slightly to form two telescopically displaceable cylindrical sections which are guided essentially tightly into one another, and the upper end of the cap is only replaced by the Modification of the longitudinal grooves in the sleeve modified.
  • the entire pumping and spraying mechanism including any transition part that may be required, is assembled as a unit and is easy to connect to a container.
  • the transition part can e.g. a screw cap or a snap lid. All parts of the device, with the exception of a return spring for the pump mechanism and a valve ball for this, are made of plastic.
  • the air can be sucked back into the air chamber through the outflow openings when the spraying process has ended and the pump mechanism or the finger pump is released, so that a return spring brings the parts back into their starting position.
  • a separate air suction valve is provided for the air chamber in order to prevent liquids from being sucked back through the air channels from the outside.
  • a radially extending finger flange is expediently provided on an outer cap part, which facilitates the application of pressure with the aid of the fingers.
  • a screw cap 1 with a cylindrical extension 2, which can be screwed onto a container neck, can be seen in FIG. 1 below.
  • An upper cap 3 is placed on this transition piece and has an outer cylindrical extension 4 which is tightly guided on the inner cylindrical extension 2 of the screw cap 1.
  • the outer cylindrical extension 4 is at its upper end completed by a finger flange 5 and a subsequent nozzle hood 6.
  • a horizontal partition 7 also extends between the screw cap 1 and the inner cylindrical extension 2 attached thereto.
  • the inner cylindrical extension 2, the outer cylindrical extension 4 and the nozzle hood 6 adjoining the finger flange thus define an air chamber 10 which results from the the displacement volume 10a enclosed by the outer cylindrical attachment and the volumes 10b and 10c enclosed by the inner cylindrical attachment 2 and the nozzle hood 6.
  • the volume 10a enclosed between the upper edge of the inner cylindrical extension 2 and the finger flange 5 is referred to here as "displacement volume 10a" because when the finger flange is pressed down to the stop, ie until the inner surface of the finger flange 5 hits the edge of the inner cylindrical extension 2 collides, can be displaced from the air chamber 10 at most.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are elements of a pump mechanism known per se, with which liquid is conveyed from the container adjoining the screw cap 1 at the bottom and also not shown through the partition 7 into the pressure chamber 8 for the liquid to be sprayed out.
  • a displacement piston also not shown here, is tightly guided in the pressure chamber 8 and is also part of the pump mechanism.
  • a spring mechanism drives the piston and the pressure chamber 8 apart approximately into the position shown in FIG. 1 in accordance with the intended stroke.
  • the interior of the pressure chamber 8 is separated from the air chamber 10 by the displacement piston, not shown, and is sealed off, as is the pump mechanism mentioned with the delivery pipe for pumping up the liquid from the container into the central opening the partition 7 is inserted sealed so as to seal the air chamber 10 from the inner volume of the container.
  • the air chamber 10 has a connection to an upper nozzle opening 13 at the end of the nozzle cap 6 via the interior 10c of the nozzle hood 6 and via channels 11 indicated by dashed lines on the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve 9.
  • the cylindrical sleeve 9 is formed in one piece with the nozzle cap 6 and extends from its tip and surrounds the outer nozzle opening 13 to a certain extent inwards.
  • the sleeve 9 includes the end portion 12 of the delivery tube 15 with a close fit, the channels 11 being formed either by longitudinal grooves or by corrugation on the inner surface of the sleeve 9.
  • the inner bore of the sleeve 9 tapers step-wise toward the outer nozzle opening 13, adapting to the outer cross section of the end section or nozzle section 12 of the delivery pipe which has a narrow nozzle opening 14 15.
  • the wall thicknesses and opening cross sections, in particular in the area of the sleeve 9 and the nozzle openings 13, 14, are not shown to scale in the figures.
  • the nozzle opening 14 can differ significantly from the arrangement and shape shown and generally has a much smaller opening diameter in relation to the other parts than is shown in the drawing.
  • the liquid is preferably sprayed out of the nozzle opening 14 (which can also consist of a ring of several openings) by swirling and coaxially with the axis 16 of the nozzle by appropriate shaping and arrangement of the nozzle opening 14.
  • the channels 11 formed by corrugations or longitudinal grooves also follow the step-like tapering of the inner wall of the sleeve 9.
  • An outer nozzle opening 13 is provided which is not necessarily aligned with the nozzle opening 14 of the nozzle section 12 and is located at a relatively close axial distance (less than 2 mm distance) from the opening 14. While the channels 11 initially surround the conveyor tube 15 in a ring-like manner and thus coaxially to the latter or to the nozzle section 12, the air streams flowing through these channels 11 receive a radially inwardly directed component due to the step-like tapering of the sleeve 9 and finally flow exactly between the inner nozzle opening 14 and the outer nozzle opening 13, so that the air streams emerging from the channels 11 impinge directly on the liquid droplets emerging from the nozzle opening 14 and escape together with them through the outer nozzle opening 13, thereby ensuring that the aerosol formed is very small liquid droplets with a narrow size range.
  • the nozzle opening 13 has a significantly larger diameter than the nozzle opening 14, e.g. 1 mm compared to 1/10 mm.
  • the air chamber 10 or its displacement volume 10a is also considerably larger than the displacement volume in the pressure chamber 8.
  • the amount of liquid pressed out through the nozzle opening 14 is approximately in a ratio of 1:70 to the amount of air additionally pushed out of the chamber 10a via 10c and the channels 11.
  • a piston of the pump mechanism essentially fills the pressure chamber 8 and has thus pushed the liquid out through the delivery pipe 5 through the narrow nozzle opening 14, the relatively small cross section of the pressure chamber 8 ensuring that also with a relatively light finger pressure on the finger flange 5 of the cap 3 inside the pressure chamber 8, a considerable pressure of the order of several bar can arise.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a valve which, when the finger flange 5 is released in the position shown in FIG. 2, allows air to flow into the chamber 10 when the nozzle cap 3 moves under the action of a restoring element, e.g. a compression spring provided in the pump mechanism, moved back into the starting position shown in FIG.
  • a restoring element e.g. a compression spring provided in the pump mechanism
  • dashed lines 17 are shown, through which air can be sucked in when the position shown in FIG. 1 is reached.
  • the nozzle described here can be modified significantly within the scope of the present invention, in particular the shape of the nozzle cap 3 and a corresponding actuating mechanism instead of the finger flange 5 can be modified significantly.
  • the shape of the nozzle cap 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 makes it particularly suitable for use on nasal spray bottles. For asthma spray, the shape of the nozzle cap could be changed significantly to make it easier to use.

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  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé de production d'aérosol, on fait passer un liquide sous pression à travers l'étroite ouverture d'une buse, le liquide étant ainsi pulvérisé. Un dispositif de production d'aérosol constitué de gouttelettes de liquide finement réparties comprend un récipient à liquide à pulvériser, un dispositif de pompage servant à aspirer un volume prédéterminable de liquide, et des dispositifs permettant de mettre sous pression le volume de liquide et le projeter par l'intermédiaire d'une buse ayant au moins une ouverture (14) de diamètre réduit. Afin de créer un procédé et un dispositif de production d'aérosol qui permette de doser avec précision la quantité de liquide à pulvériser sous forme d'aérosol, mais qui permette également d'obtenir des gouttelettes de dimensions en moyenne plus réduites avec une répartition dimensionnelle très étroite, un courant de gaz sous pression est injecté dans l'aérosol produit à l'ouverture (14) de la buse en même temps que le liquide est projeté. A cet effet, dans la zone ou à proximité de l'ouverture (14) de la buse, débouche au moins l'ouverture d'un canal à gaz séparé (11) en communication avec un volume de gaz (10a, 10b) susceptible d'être mis sous pression. Les dispositifs de mise sous pression et de projection du liquide servent en même temps à mettre sous pression le volume de gaz (10a, 10b).
PCT/EP1994/002869 1993-09-15 1994-08-30 Procede et dispositif de production d'aerosol Ceased WO1995007763A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU76920/94A AU7692094A (en) 1993-09-15 1994-08-30 Process and device for producing an aerosol

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4331279.9 1993-09-15
DE4331279A DE4331279A1 (de) 1993-09-15 1993-09-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Aerosols

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995007763A1 true WO1995007763A1 (fr) 1995-03-23

Family

ID=6497752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1994/002869 Ceased WO1995007763A1 (fr) 1993-09-15 1994-08-30 Procede et dispositif de production d'aerosol

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7692094A (fr)
DE (1) DE4331279A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995007763A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2748407B1 (fr) * 1996-05-07 1998-08-28 Valois Dispositif de pulverisation du type biphasique pour un produit fluide ou pateux
FR2948643B1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-08-26 Rexam Dispensing Sys Systeme de distribution d'un produit fluide

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3014666A (en) * 1959-10-20 1961-12-26 Verbouwens Joseph Atomizers
FR2317969A1 (fr) * 1975-07-18 1977-02-11 Plastic Research Products Pulverisateur manuel
EP0309010A1 (fr) * 1987-07-08 1989-03-29 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Distributeur manuel pour fluide
EP0443192A2 (fr) * 1990-02-22 1991-08-28 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Tête de distribution pour fluides
EP0451615A2 (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-16 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif pour décharger au moins un produit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3014666A (en) * 1959-10-20 1961-12-26 Verbouwens Joseph Atomizers
FR2317969A1 (fr) * 1975-07-18 1977-02-11 Plastic Research Products Pulverisateur manuel
EP0309010A1 (fr) * 1987-07-08 1989-03-29 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Distributeur manuel pour fluide
EP0443192A2 (fr) * 1990-02-22 1991-08-28 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Tête de distribution pour fluides
EP0451615A2 (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-16 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif pour décharger au moins un produit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4331279A1 (de) 1995-03-16
AU7692094A (en) 1995-04-03

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