WO1996009689A1 - Brushless dc motor that starts stably - Google Patents
Brushless dc motor that starts stably Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996009689A1 WO1996009689A1 PCT/JP1995/001794 JP9501794W WO9609689A1 WO 1996009689 A1 WO1996009689 A1 WO 1996009689A1 JP 9501794 W JP9501794 W JP 9501794W WO 9609689 A1 WO9609689 A1 WO 9609689A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- position signal
- value
- brushless
- inverter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/187—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using the star point voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
- H02P6/21—Open loop start
Definitions
- the voltage pattern of the armature coil is switched based on the induced voltage induced in the armature coil.
- the brushless DC motor includes a rotor 70 having a plurality of permanent magnets, a stator 71 having three-phase Y-connected armature coils 71 a, 71 b, and 7 lc, and A resistor circuit 72 composed of three-phase Y-connected resistors 72a, 72b, 72c in parallel with the armature coils 7 la, 71 b, 7 lc, and a rotor for the armature coils 7 la, 7 lb, 71 c
- the armature coils 71a, 71b In response to a rotation position detector 73 for detecting a relative rotation position of the armature 70 and a position signal indicating the rotation position of the rotor 70 from the rotation position detector 73, the armature coils 71a, 71b, A microcomputer 74 for outputting a switching signal for switching the voltage pattern for 7 lc, and a commutation for receiving and switching the switching
- Base drive circuit 75 that outputs control signals, and In response to the commutation control signals from over the scan drive circuit 75, and a Inbata portion 80 for switching the voltage pattern of the armature Koi Honoré 7 la, 7 lb, 71 c.
- the inverter section 80 includes three transistors 80 a, 8 Ob, and 8 Oc respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power supply 76 via a switch 77, and a DC power supply 7. It is composed of three transistors 8 Od, 8 Oe, and 8 Of connected to the negative electrode side of 6, respectively.
- the collectors of the transistor 80a and the transistor 80d are connected to each other, the collector of the transistor 8 Ob and the collector of the transistor 80e are connected to each other, and the collectors of the transistor 80c and the transistor 8Of are connected to each other.
- a U-phase armature coil 7 la is connected to the mutually connected portions of the transistors 80a and 80d, and a V-phase armature coil 71b is connected to the mutually connected portions of the transistors 80b and 80e.
- 8 c and connects the armature coil 7 lc of W-phase connection portions each other of, of the transistors 80 a to 8 of the Inbata portion 80 a commutation control signal from the base drive circuit 75 Each is entered in the base.
- the rotational position detector 73 a voltage V N at the neutral point of the voltage at the neutral point of the resistor circuit 72 V M and the armature coil 7 la, 7 lb, 71 c is input, the resistor circuit 72 the neutral point and the armature coil 7 la, a differential amplifier 81 which outputs a voltage difference signal V MN representing the voltage difference between the neutral point of 71b, 7 lc, a potential difference signal V MN from the differential amplifier 8 1 receiving by an integrator 82 for integrating the voltage difference signal V MN, it receives an integral signal obtained by integrating the voltage difference signal V MN from the integrator 82, and a zero-cross comparator 83 outputs a position signal.
- the comparator 84, both ends of the armature coil 7 lc are respectively connected to the input terminal, and outputs a signal representing the polarity of the induced voltage E w to the microcomputer 74.
- the motor terminal voltages of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase from the inverter section 80 are Vu, Vv, Vw, and the U-phase, V-phase of the armature coils 7 la, 7 lb, 7 lc.
- the induced voltages of the phase and the W phase are Eu and Ev. Ew
- the 3 ⁇ 41 pressure V M at the neutral point of the resistance circuit 72 and the voltage V N at the neutral point of the armature coils 7 la, 71 b, and 7 lc are ,
- VN (l / 3) ⁇ (Vu-Eu) + (Vv-Ev) + (Vw-E w ) ⁇
- the armature coil 7 la, 7 lb, 71 c of the induced voltage E u is proportional to the sum of E v. Ew.
- the induced voltages E u , Ev, and Ew of the armature coils 7 la, 7 lb, and 7 lc become trapezoidal waveforms having different phases every 180 degrees, and the potential difference signal V MN corresponds to the induced voltages Eu, Ev, and Ew. It becomes a substantially triangular wave having three times the fundamental wave frequency component.
- the peak point of the triangular wave of this potential difference signal V MN is the switching point of the voltage pattern.
- the integrator 82 integrates the potential difference signal VMN from the differential amplifier 81 and outputs a substantially sinusoidal integrated signal JV MN dt.
- the zero-cross comparator 83 detects the zero-cross point of the integral signal V MN dt, and outputs a position signal to the microcomputer 74. That is, the peak point of the voltage difference signal V MN is the amplitude by the rotating speed varies, the voltage difference signal V MN then product min, than that to detect the zero-cross point.
- the position signal indicates a relative position of the rotor 70 with respect to the armature coils 7 la. 71 b and 7 lc of the stator 71.
- the microcomputer 74 receives the position signal from the zero cross comparator 83, and outputs a switching signal to the base drive circuit 75.
- the base drive circuit 75 receives a switching signal from the microcomputer 74 and outputs a commutation control signal to the base of each of the transistors 80a to 8Of of the inverter unit 80. Then, the transistors 80a to 8Of of the inverter section 80 are sequentially turned on and off to cut the voltage pattern for the armature coils 7 la, 7 lb, and 71 c. Change.
- the brushless DC motor detects a position signal representing the rotational position of the rotor 70 from the induced voltages Eu. Ev, Ew of the armature coils 7 la, 7 lb, 7 lc, and the inverter 80 ⁇ The voltage pattern of the armature coils 71a, 7lb, 7lc is switched by the E signal.
- an exciting current is supplied to a specific phase of the armature coils 7 la, 71 b, and 7 lc for a predetermined time so that the permanent magnet of the rotor 70 and the stator 71 Due to the suction force acting between them, the rotor 70 tries to converge to a stable point and causes damped oscillation centered on the stable point.
- the oscillating rotor 70 has a speed in the same direction as the direction to be rotated, the armature coils 7 la, 71 b.
- Fig. 38 shows the relationship between the inverter output voltage and the output frequency when the inverter output frequency is 12 Hz and no load is applied to a brushless DC motor that performs synchronous operation by increasing the inverter output voltage and output frequency in a predetermined pattern.
- Fig. 39 shows the characteristic of the integrated signal with respect to the inverter output voltage when the frequency of the inverter output is 20 Hz and no load is applied. .
- the integrated signal of the integrator 82 becomes smaller as the inverter output voltage becomes higher.
- the inverter output voltage range B 1, B 2 the stable range of the level of the integrated signal obtained by integrating the potential difference signal, that is, The range in which the position detection operation can be performed based on the potential difference signal is A.
- the voltage of the integration signal in FIGS. 38 and 39 indicates the voltage from the peak point to the zero point. Further, when inverter output voltage than the lower limit of s the position sensing operation can have a range B capable of B 2 each is low, loss of synchronism by insufficient torque.
- Fig. 40 shows the waveforms of the motor current and the stable integrated signal when the output voltage of the inverter is 10 V in Fig. 38.
- Fig. 41 shows the waveform when the output voltage of the inverter is 20 V in Fig. 38.
- the waveforms of the motor current and the unstable integration signal are shown.
- Fig. 42 shows the waveform of the motor current and the stable integrated signal when the inverter output voltage is 15 V in Fig. 39.
- Fig. 43 shows the motor current when the inverter output voltage is 27 V in Fig. 39. Shows the waveform of current and unstable integrated signal are doing.
- the horizontal axis (time axis) in FIG. 40, FIG. 41, FIG. 42, and FIG. 43 is the 2 OmsecZ scale.
- the commutation control signal is set to a PWM (Panoles width modulation) signal and its duty You have to change the ratio.
- PWM Puloles width modulation
- the duty ratio is reduced to prevent the inverter output voltage from rising, while when the power supply voltage is lower than the standard, the duty ratio is increased. It is necessary to prevent the inverter output voltage from falling.
- the inverter output voltage fluctuates due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage, and the characteristics of the integrated signal will fluctuate.
- the inverter output voltage must be set according to the fluctuations. There is a problem that the inverter output voltage cannot be set so that the potential difference signal is in a stable state.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a brushless system that can reliably switch from synchronous operation at start-up to position detection operation regardless of fluctuations in load torque and power supply voltage.
- the present invention provides a rotor having a multi-pole magnet, a stator having a three-phase Y-connected armature coil, and a three-phase Y in parallel with the armature coil.
- a relative rotation position between the rotor and the stator is detected based on a potential difference between the connected resistance circuit and a neutral point of the armature coil and a neutral point of the resistance circuit, and
- a brushless DC motor comprising: a rotation position detecting means for outputting a signal; and an inverting portion for switching a voltage pattern of the armature coil based on the position signal from the rotation position detecting means.
- Synchronous operation control means for outputting the voltage and frequency of the inverter output of the inverter section based on a predetermined pattern; and, based on the position signal from the rotational position detection means, Position detection operation control means for controlling the inverter output; and, when the inverter section is in a synchronous operation state by the synchronous operation control means, a position detection operation using the position signal from the rotational position detection means is possible.
- a switching means for switching the control of the inverter unit from the synchronous operation control means to the position detection operation control means when the determination means determines that the position detection operation is possible.
- a brushless DC motor provided with:
- the synchronous operation control means uses the inverter output voltage and frequency from the inverter unit based on a predetermined pattern. After completion of the output of the predetermined pattern, in the synchronous operation state, the determination means determines whether or not the position detection operation based on the position signal from the rotational position detection means is possible. For example, when the potential difference signal representing the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistor circuit is stable, the position signal based on the potential difference signal is also stable, so that the potential difference signal is stable. By judging whether or not it is possible, it is determined whether or not the position detection operation based on the position signal can be performed.
- the operation switching means switches from the synchronous operation control means to the position detection operation control means.
- the position detection operation control means controls the inverter output of the inverter unit based on the position signal from the rotation position detection means.
- the synchronous operation control means outputs the inverter output voltage and frequency of the inverter section based on the predetermined pattern, and after the predetermined pattern is output, performs the discrimination.
- the synchronous operation control means determines the voltage of the inverter output of the inverter unit until the determination means determines that the position detection operation based on the position signal is possible. The ratio V / F between V and frequency F is reduced.
- the synchronous operation control means determines whether the voltage V and the frequency F of the inverter output can be changed until the position detection operation based on the position signal from the rotational position detection means becomes possible. Since the ratio F is lowered, even if the range where the potential difference signal is stable fluctuates due to the size of the load or fluctuations in the power supply voltage at start-up, switching from synchronous operation to position detection operation is assured Can be obtained.
- the determination unit includes a level determination unit that determines whether the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistance circuit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the level determining means determines that the potential difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it determines that the position detection operation is possible.
- the predetermined value is set to a value at which the potential difference signal between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistance circuit is stabilized, and when the potential difference is equal to or more than the predetermined value, the potential difference signal is set. Is stable and the position signal from the rotational position detecting means based on the potential difference signal can be determined to be stable, so that it is possible to determine that the position detecting operation based on the position signal is possible.
- the level determining means includes: a rectifier that rectifies a signal representing a potential difference between a neutral point of the armature coil and a neutral point of the resistor circuit; And a smoothing signal comparing means for comparing the smoothed signal from the smoothing means with a predetermined reference value. Then, the smoothed signal comparing means compares the smoothed signal from the smoothing means with the reference value, and when the smoothed signal exceeds the reference value, the potential difference is equal to or more than the predetermined value. It is determined that there is.
- the rectifier may perform full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification on the signal representing the potential difference.
- the signal representing the potential difference is rectified and smoothed by the rectifying means, the smoothing means, and the smoothing signal comparing means of the level determining means, the signal exceeds the reference value, it is determined that the potential difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value. It can be determined that the position signal based on the signal representing the potential difference is stable.
- Potential difference signal comparing means for comparing a signal representing the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistor circuit with a predetermined reference value is provided. Then, when the output signal of the potential difference signal comparing means obtained by comparing the potential difference signal with the reference value by the potential difference signal comparing means is a predetermined pattern, it is determined that the potential difference is not less than the predetermined value. judge. For example, when the pulses of the output signal of the potential difference signal comparing means continue at a predetermined interval for a predetermined number of pulses or more, the level determining means determines that the potential difference is equal to or more than the predetermined value. Therefore, it can be determined that the potential difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, and it can be determined that the position signal based on the signal representing the potential difference is stable.
- the level determining means includes a signal representing the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistor circuit, and a predetermined level based on a hysteresis characteristic of a hysteresis comparator.
- the level determining means determines that the output signal of the hysteresis comparator is a predetermined value. In this pattern, it can be determined that the potential difference is equal to or larger than the predetermined value. Further, the hysteresis comparator makes it possible to easily configure the level determining means without using a full-wave rectifier circuit / a plurality of comparators.
- the discriminating means includes a position signal mode comparing means for comparing whether the position signal from the rotational position detecting means and the inverter output of the inverter section have a predetermined relationship.
- the position signal mode comparison means is configured to output a voltage pattern The switching level of the position signal and the H level of the position signal are compared several times in succession. Compare whether or not they match, or the phase of the switching point of the voltage pattern of the inverter output and the switching point of the position signal. Is compared with the specified range.
- the position signal mode comparing means compares the position signal with the inverter output, and determines that the position detection operation is possible when the position signal and the inverter output have a predetermined relationship. .
- the position signal and the inverter output have a predetermined relationship by the position signal mode comparing means, it can be determined that the position signal from the rotational position detecting means is stable and the position detecting operation is possible. .
- the determination unit determines whether an absolute value of a difference between a value of the cycle of the position signal and a value corresponding to a cycle of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- a position signal period comparing means for comparing the two. When the absolute value of the difference between the value of the period of the position signal and the value corresponding to the period of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output is equal to or smaller than the predetermined value, the position signal period comparing means performs the position detection operation. Is determined to be possible.
- the determination means determines that the position detection operation cannot be performed. I do.
- the position signal cycle comparing means can determine whether the position signal based on the potential difference signal is stable.
- the rotational position detecting means detects a potential difference between a neutral point of the armature coil and a neutral point of the resistor circuit, and outputs a potential difference signal.
- An integration means for integrating the potential difference signal from the potential difference detection means and outputting an integration signal; and having a hysteresis characteristic, comparing the integration signal from the integration means with a predetermined reference value, A hysteresis comparator for outputting the position signal.
- the rotational position detecting means can detect the position signal, determine that the potential difference is equal to or more than the predetermined value by the hysteresis comparator, and determine that the position signal based on the potential difference signal is stable. Therefore, the rotational position detecting means is provided with a means for comparing whether or not the potential difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and a separate means for determining the level of the potential difference signal is not required, so that the cost can be reduced.
- the determination unit includes at least two of the level determination unit, the position signal mode comparison unit, and the position signal cycle comparison unit of the embodiment.
- the condition that the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coil and the neutral point of the resistance circuit in the level determination means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the rotation position detection means in the position signal mode comparison means A condition that the position signal of the inverter and the inverter output of the inverter have a predetermined relationship, and a value corresponding to the value of the period of the position signal and the period of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output in the position signal period comparing means.
- the determination means determines that the position detection operation based on the position signal is possible.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a brushless DC motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the microcomputer of the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a level detector of the brushless DC motor.
- Figures 48, 4 40, 4 £, 4 ?, 40. 41,, 4 ⁇ 4 M, 4 N, 40, 4 P show the signals of each part of the brushless DC motor.
- FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D are diagrams illustrating switching of the position detection operation of the brushless DC motor based on only the level determination.
- Fig. 6A.6 B.6 C is a diagram showing the position detection operation switching based on only the mode comparison of the brushless DC motor.
- FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D are diagrams showing switching of the position detection operation by level judgment and mode comparison of the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the synchronous processing interrupt processing of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing of the position detection operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing by the timer interrupt of the phase correction timer of the microcomputer.
- Figure 11 shows the changes in the inverter output voltage and inverter frequency when the brushless DC motor is started.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing changes in the inverter output voltage and the inverter frequency when the inverter output voltage is reduced after acceleration is stopped when the brushless DC motor is started.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a brushless DC motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a microcomputer of the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a level determiner of the brushless DC motor.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B.16C.16D are diagrams showing signals of respective units when the level discriminator of FIG. 15 is used.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing of the synchronous operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an interruption process of the position detection operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing by the interruption of the phase correction timer of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram of a level detector of a brushless DC motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 21A, 21B, 21C, 21D, and 21E are diagrams showing signals of respective units when the level determiner of FIG. 20 is used.
- FIG. 22 is a circuit diagram of a level detector of a brushless DC motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 shows the configuration of the microcomputer of the brushless DC motor.
- Figures 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D, 24E, and 24F show the signals of each part of the level detector of the brushless DC motor.
- FIGS. 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F, 25G, and 25H are diagrams showing a comparison between the cycle of the position signal and the cycle of the waveform timer by the cycle comparison unit of the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing of the synchronous operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing of the position detection operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing by the interruption of the phase correction timer of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram of a brushless DC motor position detecting circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a configuration diagram of a microcomputer of the brushless DC motor.
- FIGS. 31A, 31B, 31C, and 31D are diagrams showing signals of each section of the position detection circuit.
- FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing of the synchronous operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 33 is a flow chart showing the interrupt processing for the position detection operation of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing the interrupt processing by the interruption of the phase correction timer of the microcomputer.
- FIG. 35 is a configuration diagram of a conventional brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the relationship between the inverter frequency and the inverter output voltage when the brushless DC motor is started.
- Fig. 37 shows the change in inverter output voltage and inverter frequency when the brushless DC motor is started.
- FIG. 38 is a graph showing the characteristics of the integrated signal with respect to the output voltage of the brushless DC motor with respect to the output voltage of the inverter at no-load at an inverter frequency of 12 Hz.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the integrated signal with respect to the inverter output voltage at the time of no-load at an inverter frequency of 2 OHz in the brushless DC motor.
- Figure 40 shows the waveforms of the motor current and the integrated signal when the inverter frequency is 12 Hz and the output voltage of the inverter is 10 V in the above brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the waveforms of the motor current and the integration signal when the above-mentioned brushless DC motor has an in-vivo frequency of 12 Hz and an in-vivo output voltage of 20 V.
- Figure 42 shows the waveforms of the motor current and the integrated signal when the inverter frequency is 20 Hz and the inverter output voltage is 15 V in the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing the waveforms of the motor current and the integration signal when the inverter frequency is 20 Hz and the output voltage is 27 V in the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a change in the voltage characteristic of the integration signal with respect to the output voltage of the brushless DC motor according to the magnitude of the load in the DC motor.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram showing the voltage characteristics of the integration signal with respect to the inverter output voltage and the duty ratio of the PWM of the switching signal when the power supply voltage changes corresponding to the inverter output voltage in the brushless DC motor.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a brushless DC motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- numeral 1 denotes a Y-connected armature coil la, lb, lc and rotates a rotor 10 having a plurality of permanent magnets.
- a stator rotated by a magnetic field, 2 is connected in parallel with the armature coils la, lb, and lc, and a resistance circuit in which the resistances 2a, 2b, and 2c are Y-connected, and 3 is a neutral point of the resistance circuit 2
- Rotation as rotation position detection means for detecting a relative position of the rotor 10 and outputting a position signal based on the heavy pressure V M and the voltage V N at the neutral point of the armature coils la, lb, and lc.
- Position detector, 4 is the above A microphone computer that receives a position signal from the commutation position detector 3 and outputs a switching signal, and a base drive circuit 5 that receives a switching signal from the microcomputer 4 and outputs a commutation control signal .
- the commutation control signal from the base drive circuit 5 is connected to the inverter 20.
- the motor unit 11 is composed of the stator 1 and the rotor 10.
- the rotational position detector 3 inputs the voltage V M of the non-inverting input the neutral point of the resistor circuit 2 to the terminal of the amplifier I C1, connect the ground GND via a resistor to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier I C1 , a differential amplifier 31 to the resistor R 2 connected between the output of amplifier I C1 and the inverting input terminal, the other resistor R 3 having one end connected to the output and the resistance R 3 of the differential amplifier 31 an integrator 32 consisting of a capacitor connected between the end and the ground GND, the other end and a non-inverting input terminal of the resistance R 3 of the integrator 32 is connected, a ground GND is connected to the inverting input terminal And a cross comparator 33 composed of an amplifier IC2.
- the neutral point of the armature coils la, lb, and lc is connected to the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier 31 via the ground GND and the resistor R, so that the differential amplifier 31 has a resistance circuit.
- voltage V M and the armature co Inore la of the second neutral point, lb detects the potential difference signal V MN and the voltage V N at the neutral point of lc.
- the brushless DC motor includes a level detector 34 that receives an integration signal from the integrator 32 of the rotation position detector 3 and outputs a level detection signal to the microcomputer 4.
- the inverter unit 20 includes three transistors 20a and 20b.20c connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 9 and three transistors 20d and 20e, respectively connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 9. It consists of 20f.
- the emitter of the transistor 20a and the collector of the transistor 20d are connected to each other, and the emitter of the transistor 2 Ob and the collector of the transistor 20e are connected.
- the U-phase armature coil 1a is connected to the portion of the transistors 20a and 20d connected to each other, and the V-phase armature coil is connected to the portion of the transistors 20Ob and 20e connected to each other.
- the W-phase armature coil lc is connected to the mutually connected portions of the transistors 2 O c 2 O f. Diodes are connected in anti-parallel between the collectors and emitters of the transistors 20a to 20f.
- the microcomputer 4 receives the level detection signal from the level detector 34 (shown in FIG. 1) and determines whether or not the level of the potential difference signal VMN is equal to or more than a predetermined value.
- a mode as a position signal mode comparing means in which the potential difference signal level judging section 41 to be judged and the position signal from the rotation position detector 3 (shown in FIG. 1) are connected, and the position signal is compared with an inverter mode described later.
- a position detection operation switching unit that outputs a position detection operation switching signal based on the comparison result from the comparison unit 42 and the potential difference signal level determination unit 41 and the mode comparison unit 42.
- the voltage command signal for starting and the frequency Command signal VZF pattern setting unit 44 that outputs a frequency command signal from the VZF pattern setting unit 44
- a waveform timer T1 that outputs an interrupt signal IRQ1. 44 and the waveform timer T1 constitute a synchronous operation control unit 51 as synchronous operation control means.
- the potential difference signal level determining section 41 and the level detector 34 constitute a level determining means.
- the mode comparing section 42 includes a counting section 42a and a counting determining section 42b.
- the microcomputer 4 is connected to the rotational position detector 3 (see FIG. 1). Signal is connected via an external interrupt terminal, and a phase correction timer T2 started by the position signal. In response to the position signal, the period of the voltage pattern of the armature coils la, lb, and lc Cycle measurement timer T3 that measures the period. Receiving the measured timer value from the period measurement timer ⁇ 3, the cycle of the voltage pattern of the armature coils la, lb, and lc is calculated from the timer value to represent the cycle.
- a position signal period calculator 45 that outputs a period signal, a timer that receives a period signal from the position signal period calculator 45 and an external phase amount command signal, and that corresponds to the phase amount from that period.
- Measurement timer # 3 position signal period calculation unit 45, timer value calculation unit 46, speed calculation unit 47, and speed control unit 48 constitute position detection operation control unit 52 as position detection operation control means. .
- the microcomputer 4 receives the interrupt signal IRQ 1 from the waveform timer T1 via the operation switching switch SW, and outputs a voltage pattern signal.
- a PWM unit 54 that receives a voltage pattern signal from the V / F pattern setting unit 44 via the operation switching switch SW and outputs a switching signal.
- Figure 3 shows a circuit diagram of the level detector 3 4, the connecting integrated signal from the integrator 3 second rotational position detector 3 to inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 3 via a resistor R 4
- the ground GND is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC3.
- the output terminal of the amplifier IC 3 and the inverted human terminal Between, the connecting Daio by the anode to the output terminal side, and a resistor R 5 and Daiodo D 2 connected in series from the inverted input terminal side of the ⁇ width unit I C3.
- the force cathode side of the diode D 2 is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier I C3.
- the comparison circuit 17 as an example of the smoothed signal comparison means is composed of 0, RM and the comparator IC5.
- the operation switching switch SW when the operation switching switch SW is selected on the position detection operation side and the motor is driven according to the position signal, the 11-phase and V-phase of the armature coils la.
- the W-phase induced voltage Eu. Ev. ⁇ * becomes a trapezoidal waveform with a different phase every 12 Odeg as shown in Figs. 4A, 4C, and 4C.
- the differential amplifier 31 of the rotational position detector 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes a neutral point voltage V M of the resistor circuit 2 input to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 1, The armature coil 1 a.
- Lb, lc input to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 1 via the resistor Ri is detected as a potential difference signal V MN from the voltage V N at the neutral point.
- the integrator 32 integrates the potential difference signal V MN to obtain an integrated signal J ′′ V MN dt (shown in FIG. 4D).
- the integral signal JV MN dt has a substantially sinusoidal waveform with a frequency three times the rotation frequency c .
- the zero-cross comparator 33 has an integral signal J "V input to the non-inverting input terminal. Compares MN dt with the reference voltage of ground GND connected to the inverting input terminal and outputs a position signal (shown in Figure 4E).
- the integrated signal V MN dt is input to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 3 of the level detector 34 via the resistor R 4, and the full-wave rectification circuit 15 of the level detector 34 outputs a full-wave signal.
- a signal representing the full-wave rectified waveform (shown in FIG. 4G) is output from the output terminal of the amplifier IC 4.
- the signal representing the full-wave rectified waveform, the resistance by R 9 and smoothing circuit 1 6 comprising a capacitor C 2 is the flat smooth, Comparator evening 1 C the smoothed signal (shown in FIG. 4 H) representing the smoothed waveform Input to 5 inverting input terminal.
- the smoothed signal is compared with the reference voltage E n set by the resistors R 10 and R n. If it is higher, the output of the con- troller IC 5, that is, the level detection signal (shown in Fig. 4I) is at the L level.
- the position signal from the zero cross comparator 33 is input to the period measurement timer T3, and the period measurement timer T3 determines the period from the leading edge of the position signal to the trailing edge and the period from the trailing edge to the leading edge. And outputs the measured timer value.
- the position signal cycle calculator 45 determines the cycle of the position signal. That is, the period from the trailing edge to the leading edge of the position signal and the leading edge The period from to the trailing edge is repeated every 6 degrees, and the timer value for one period of the above voltage pattern is obtained by multiplying the measured timer value for each period by six.
- the timer value calculator 46 In response to the periodic signal indicating the cycle from the position signal cycle calculator 45 and the external phase amount command signal, the timer value calculator 46 outputs a timer value setting signal.
- the phase correction timer T2 Upon receiving the timer value setting signal from the timer value calculation section 46, the phase correction timer T2 measures the time from the position signal to the switching of the voltage pattern. That is, the phase correction timer T2 outputs an interrupt signal IRQ2 to the inverter mode selection section 53 when the counting is completed, and the inverter mode selection section 53 outputs the phase corrected voltage pattern signal (FIG. 4J).
- the inversion mode shown in FIG. 4P is a number assigned from 0 to 5 so as to correspond to the voltage pattern signal shown in FIG. 4J-40.
- the operation switching switch SW is selected to the synchronous operation side, and the synchronous operation control unit 51 increases the voltage and frequency of the inverter output in a predetermined pattern. Then, the level detector 34, the potential difference signal level determining section 41 and the mode comparing section 42 determine that the integrated signal from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and that the rotational position detector 3
- the position detection operation switching unit 43 operates the operation switching switch SW. Is switched from the synchronous operation side to the position detection operation side.
- FIGS. 7A-7D show signals of each unit when the potential difference signal level determination unit 41 switches from synchronous operation to position detection operation based on the level detection signal from the level detector 34.
- 6A-16C show that the mode comparison unit 42 switches from synchronous operation to position detection operation based on the position signal from the rotational position detector 3 and the inverter mode of the inverter mode selection unit 53. The signal of each part at the time of switching is shown.
- FIGS. 7A to 7D show the potential difference signal level determination unit 41 and the mode comparison unit 42 based on the level detection signal from the level detector 34 and the position signal from the rotational position detector 3. The signal of each part when switching from synchronous operation to position detection operation is shown.
- the level detection signal (shown in Figure 5B) changes from H level to L level at the point where the position signal number (shown in Figure 5A) is 5, and the next position signal number Switch to position detection operation at the switching point between 5 and 0.
- the operation switching switch SW is switched to the position detection operation side by the position detection operation switching section 43, and then the phase correction timer T2 is started at each switching point of the position signal number (FIG. 5C). Shown).
- An interrupt signal IRQ2 is output each time the counting of the phase correction timer T2 is completed, and the inverter mode selection unit 53 advances the inverter mode (shown in FIG. 5D) by one step.
- FIG. 6A-6C the position signal number (FIG.
- the phase correction timer T2 is started at each switching point (shown in Fig. 6B). In other words, the operation is switched from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation on the assumption that the position signal and the inverter mode have a predetermined relationship and the position detection operation is possible based on the stable position signal. Then, every time the counting of the phase correction timer T2 is completed, an interrupt signal IRQ2 is output, and the inverter mode selection section 53 advances the inverter mode (shown in FIG. 6C) by one step.
- FIGS. 7A-7D when the position signal number (shown in FIG. 7A) is 1, the level detection signal (shown in FIG. 7B) has changed from H level to L level.
- the determination unit 41 determines.
- the mode comparing section 42 determines the position signal number (at the point where the inverter mode (shown in FIG. 7D) selected by the inverter overnight mode selecting section 53 changes from [2] to [3]. (See Fig. 7A.) Assuming that the position signal in 2 is at the H level, the position signal at position signal number 3 will be at the L level at the point where the next inversion mode switches from [3] to [4].
- the position detection operation switching unit 43 switches the operation switching switch SW to the position detection operation side, and then sets the phase at each position signal number switching point.
- Start the correction timer T2 (see Fig. 7C).
- an interrupt signal IRQ2 is output, and the inverter mode selection section 53 advances the inverter mode (shown in FIG. 7D) by one step.
- Fig. 6 6-6C and Fig. 7 ⁇ -7D switching occurs when the H.L level condition of the position signal continues four times at the odd / even switching point of the inverter mode. Although the condition was satisfied, the number of consecutive times is not limited to this.
- the operation switching switch SW connects the interrupt signal IRQ1 of the waveform timer T1 to the inverter mode selection section 53, and also connects the voltage command signal of the V / F pattern setting section 44 to the PWM section 54. Is selected for the synchronous operation side connected to.
- step S101 it is determined whether or not the frequency of the inverter output has been accelerated to a constant value. If it is determined that the frequency has been accelerated to a constant value, the process proceeds to step S111, while the frequency is increased to a constant value. If it is determined that the vehicle has not accelerated, the process proceeds to step S113. Then, in step S113, the VF pattern data (for the voltage command signal and the frequency command signal) stored in the table in advance is read, and the process proceeds to step S102. Next, at step S111, it is determined whether or not the external interrupt is not permitted. Then, the process proceeds to step S114, the external interrupt is permitted in step S114, and the process proceeds to step S112. On the other hand, if the external interrupt is permitted in step S111, the process proceeds to step S112. If the external interrupt is permitted in step S114, an interrupt process 2 described later is performed for each rising and falling of the position signal.
- step S112 it is determined whether or not the level detection signal from the level detector 34 is at the L level. That is, it is determined whether or not the position signal of the rotational position detector 3 is stable. If it is determined in step S112 that the level detection signal is at the L level, the process proceeds to step S115. If it is determined that the level detection signal is not at the L level, the process proceeds to step S116. Then, the voltage command is changed in step S116, the output voltage of the inverter is reduced, and the process proceeds to step S102.
- step S115 it is determined whether or not the position signal and the inverter mode have a certain relationship. That is, as shown in Figures 7A-7D, the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an odd number (for example, 2 to 3, 4 to 5), or an even number of the inverter mode (for example, 3 to 3). 4. It is determined whether the position signal is at the L level at the point of switching from 5 to 0). If the position signal and the inverter mode have a fixed relationship in step S115, the process proceeds to step S117. If the position signal and the inverter mode do not have a fixed relationship, the process proceeds to step S118. Then, the voltage command is changed in step S118 to lower the inverter output voltage, and the process proceeds to step S102.
- the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an odd number (for example, 2 to 3, 4 to 5), or an even number of the inverter mode (for example, 3 to 3). 4. It is determined whether
- step S117 the number of times the correspondence between the inverter mode and the H and L levels of the position signal are continuously repeated is counted by the counting section 42a of the mode comparing section 42. It is determined whether or not a certain number of times has been counted by the counting determining unit 4 2 b of 2. That is, as shown in Figure 7A-7D, the position signal at the point where the Inva overnight mode switches to an odd number (eg, 2 forces, 3 and 4 to 5) Is the H level, and the position signal is the L level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an even number (for example, 3 to 4, 5, 5, etc., 0). Then, it is determined whether or not 4 times have been counted.
- the position signal at the point where the Inva overnight mode switches to an odd number eg, 2 forces, 3 and 4 to 5
- the position signal is the L level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an even number (for example, 3 to 4, 5, 5, etc., 0).
- step S117 If it is determined in step S117 that the predetermined number of times has been counted, the process proceeds to step S119 to request switching of the position detection operation, and then proceeds to step S102. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S117 that the predetermined number has not been counted, the process proceeds to step S102.
- step S102 a voltage command signal is output based on the voltage command.
- step S103 the timer value for the waveform timer T1 is calculated based on the frequency command set by the VZF pattern setting unit 44, that is, the frequency data previously stored in the table.
- step S104 the timer value obtained in step S103 is set in the waveform timer T1 and started, and the interrupt process 1 ends.
- step S119 of the above interrupt processing 1 the operation switching switch SW is switched to the position detection operation side, and the rise and rise of the position signal input to the external interrupt terminal of the microcomputer 4 are performed.
- Interrupt processing 2 shown in Fig. 9 is performed for each fall.
- step S121 it is determined in step S121 whether there is a position detection operation switching request. If there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S131. If there is no position detection operation switching request, step S122. Proceed to. Then, in step S131, the timer value calculator 46 calculates the phase correction timer value for the phase correction timer T2 based on the external phase amount command signal. Next, proceeding to step S132, the timer value obtained in step S131 is set in the phase correction timer T2. Then, the phase correction timer T2 is started in step S133, the process proceeds to step S134, and the waveform timer T1 of the synchronous operation control section 51 is stopped.
- step S122 the cycle measurement timer T3 is stopped, and the flow advances to step S123 to read the timer value of the cycle measurement timer # 3.
- step S124 the period measurement timer 3 is started.
- step S125 the position signal cycle calculator 45 calculates the cycle of the position signal from the timer value of the cycle measurement timer # 3.
- step S126 the speed calculation unit 47 calculates the rotation speed of the motor based on the cycle of the position signal obtained in step S125.
- step S127 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection operation switching request. If there is a position detection operation switching request, the operation proceeds to step S128, where speed control is performed based on an external speed command signal. To output the voltage command signal, and end the interrupt processing 2. On the other hand, if there is no position detection operation switching request in step S127, the interruption process 2 ends.
- step S141 the inverter mode selection unit 53 advances the inverter mode by one step.
- step S142 the voltage pattern is output, and interrupt processing 3 ends.
- the inverter output voltage and the inverter frequency are gradually stored along a predetermined substantially linear pattern based on the frequency data, as shown in Fig. 11.
- the level detector 34, the potential difference signal level determination unit 41, and the mode comparison unit 42 detect whether or not the potential difference signal is stable. And the potential difference signal When the signal is stable, the position detection operation switching unit 43 switches from synchronous operation to position detection operation.
- the level detector 3 By detecting whether or not the potential difference signal is stable according to 42, if the potential difference signal is unstable, the VZF pattern setting unit 44 gradually reduces the inverter output voltage until the potential difference signal is stabilized .
- the position detection operation switching unit 43 switches from synchronous operation to position detection operation. In FIG. 12, the overnight output after acceleration is stopped has a constant frequency, but may be increased or decreased.
- the synchronous operation control unit 51 continues to operate until the position detection operation by the position signal from the rotational position detector 3 becomes possible. Since the output voltage is reduced, it is possible to reliably switch from synchronous operation to position detection operation even if the range in which the potential difference signal stabilizes due to the size of the load or fluctuations in the power supply voltage at startup.
- the potential difference signal level determination unit 41 determines that the potential difference between the neutral point of the armature coils la, lb, and lc and the neutral point of the resistance circuit 2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the VZF pattern setting unit 44 reduces the inverter output voltage until the position signal from the rotational position detector 3 becomes stable until the position signal and the inverter output have a predetermined relationship.
- the operation switching unit 43 determines that the position detection operation is possible, and reliably switches from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation. Therefore, even when the characteristics of the potential difference signal change due to a load change or a power supply voltage change, it is possible to reliably switch from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation.
- the average value of the integrated signal from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is set to the predetermined value by the full-wave rectifier circuit 15, the smoothing circuit 16, and the comparison circuit 17 of the level detector 34.
- the potential difference signal level determination unit 41 can determine that the potential difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and can determine that the position signal based on the potential difference signal is stable.
- FIG. 13 shows the configuration of a brushless DC motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the level detector 35 and the microcomputer 14, and the description is omitted. .
- FIG. 14 shows the configuration of the microcomputer 14 described above.
- the position signal from the rotational position detector 3 (shown in FIG. 13) and the level signal from the level detector 35 (shown in FIG. 13) are shown in FIG.
- the level detector control section 60 outputs a reset signal in response to the level detection signal of the first level, and receives a signal indicating the level determination flag from the level detector control section 60 to determine the level of the potential difference signal VMN.
- a potential difference signal level judging section 61 for judging whether or not the value is equal to or more than a value; a mode comparing section 62 as position signal mode comparing means to which the position signal is connected and for comparing the position signal with the inverter mode; A position detection operation switching unit 63 as operation switching means for outputting a position detection operation switching signal based on the determination result from the potential difference signal level determination unit 61 and the comparison result from the mode comparison unit 62; Potential difference signal level Outputs a voltage command signal and a frequency command signal for starting when an external operation signal is input based on the judgment result from the setting section 61 and the comparison result from the mode comparing section 62.
- the level detector control section 60, the potential difference level determination section 61, and the level detector 35 constitute a level determination section.
- the potential difference signal level determining section 61 includes a counting section 6 la as counting means and a counting section 6 lb as counting determining means, and the mode comparing section 62 includes a counting section 62 a and a counting determining section. 62b.
- the microcomputer 14 is the same as the microcomputer 4 of the first embodiment except for the synchronous operation control unit 55, the level detector control unit 60, the potential difference signal level determination unit 61, the mode comparison unit 62, and the position detection operation switching unit 63. And the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- Figure 15 shows a circuit diagram of the level detector 35 of FIG. 13, a resistor R 21 to the noninverting input terminal of the integrated signal JV MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detection can 3
- Comparator I C11 together they are connected via a power supply one Vcc connected via the resistor R 22 to the inverting input terminal of the comparator I C11, and connect the power + V CC to the inverting input terminal of the comparator I C11 through the resistor R 23 I have.
- the power supply V DD is connected to the input terminal D and input terminal PR of F1, and a level detection signal is output from the output terminal Q.
- the reset signal from the computer 14 is connected.
- Contact, the resistor R 21 to R 26 and the comparator A comparison circuit 18 as an example of the potential difference signal comparison means is constituted by the IC 12 and the IC 12.
- the integration signal J * V MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotation position detector 3 (shown in FIG. 16A) is input via the resistor R 21 to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator I C11 of the level detector 35, is inputted through a resistor R 24 to the inverting input terminal of the comparator I C12 level detection can 35 .
- the comparator I C11 compares the integrated signal JV MN dt with the reference value E! In comparison with the reference value E, set by the resistors R 22 and R 23 .
- the output When the value is larger, the output is at the H level, and when the integrated signal JV MN dt is smaller than the reference value E, the output is at the L level. Further, the comparator I C12 is compared with a reference value E 2 set by resistors R 25, R 26, when the integral signal JV MN dt is smaller than the reference value E 2, while the output becomes H level, the integration when the signal JV MN dt is greater than the standard values E 2, the output becomes the L level. When one of the outputs of the comparator I Cll. IC 12 goes high, the output of the OR circuit OR1 (shown in FIG. 16C) goes high.
- H level is input to the clock input terminal CLK of the D flip-flop FF1, and the D flip-flop FF1 is set by rising from the L level to H level.
- the level detection signal from the output terminal Q (shown in Fig. 16D) changes from L level to H level.
- the level detector control section 60 of the microcomputer 14 receives the H level detection signal from the level detector 35 and rises or falls the next position signal (shown in FIG. 16B).
- a reset signal (L level) is output based on.
- the D flip-flop FF1 is reset, and the D flip-flop FF1 is reset.
- the level detection signal (shown in Figure 16D) output from the output terminal Q of the flip-flop FF 1 is at the L level.
- the level detector 35 compares the integrated signal JV MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 with the predetermined reference value EE 2 for each half-wave, and Output.
- the operation switching switch SW before the start connects the interrupt signal IRQ3 of the waveform timer T4 to the inverter mode selection section 53, and the voltage command signal of the VZF pattern setting section 64 to the PWM section 54. Select the synchronous operation side to be connected.
- step S201 it is determined whether or not the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value. If it is determined that the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value, the process proceeds to step S211 while the frequency has not been accelerated to a certain value. When the determination is made, the process proceeds to step S213. Then, in step S213, the data of the VZF pattern (for the voltage command signal and the frequency command signal) stored in the table in advance is read, and the process proceeds to step S202. Next, it is determined whether or not the external interrupt is not permitted in step S211. If it is determined that the external interrupt is not permitted, the process proceeds to step S214, and the external interrupt is permitted.
- step S212 it is determined whether or not the number of times of setting the level determination flag is equal to or more than a certain number. That is, the counting section 6 la of the potential difference level judging section 61 counts the number of times the level judgment flag is continuously set in the level detector control section 60, and counts a certain number of times with the counting judging section 6 lb. It is determined whether or not it has been done. If the number of setting of the level determination flag is equal to or more than the predetermined number in step S212, the process proceeds to step S215. If the number of setting of the level determination flag is less than the predetermined number, the process proceeds to step S216. Then, the voltage command is changed in step S216, the output voltage of the inverter is reduced, and the process proceeds to step S202.
- step S215 it is determined whether or not the position signal and the inverter mode have a certain relationship. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A-7D of the first embodiment, the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode switches to the odd number, and the position signal is at the L level at the point where the inverter mode switches to the even number. It is determined whether there is. If the position signal and the inverter mode have a fixed relationship in step S215, the process proceeds to step S217. If the position signal and the inverter mode do not have a fixed relationship, the process proceeds to step S218.
- step S217 the number of times that the correspondence between the inverter mode and the H and L levels of the position signal are continuously repeated is counted by the counting section 62 of the mode comparing section 62. It is determined whether or not a certain number of times has been counted by the counting determining unit 6 2 b of 2. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A-7D of the first embodiment, the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode is switched to an odd number (for example, 2 to 3 and 4 to 5), and the even number of the inverter mode is used.
- an odd number for example, 2 to 3 and 4 to 5
- step S217 Determines whether the condition that the position signal is at the L level at the point of continuous switching has counted a certain number of times (four times in Fig. 7A-7D) It is. Then, it is determined that the predetermined number of times has been counted in step S217. In this case, the process proceeds to step S219 to request switching of the position detection operation, and then proceeds to step S202. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S217 that the predetermined number has not been counted, the process proceeds to step S202.
- step S202 a voltage command signal is output based on the voltage command.
- step S203 the timer value for the waveform timer T4 is calculated based on the frequency command set by the V / F pattern setting unit 64, that is, the frequency data previously stored in the table. Then, the process proceeds to step S204, in which the timer value obtained in step S203 is set in the waveform timer T4, the process is started, and the interrupt process 11 is completed.
- the operation switching switch SW is switched to the position detection operation side by the position detection operation switching request in step S219 of the interrupt processing 11, and the rise of the position signal input to the external interrupt terminal of the microcomputer 14 and Interrupt processing 12 shown in Fig. 18 is performed for each falling edge.
- step S221 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection switching request in step S221. If there is no position detection switching request, the process proceeds to step S231, and the level detector control unit 60 transmits the level detection signal from the level detector 35. Determine the logic of If the level detection signal is at the H level in step S231, the process proceeds to step S241, the level determination flag is set, and the process proceeds to step S232. On the other hand, if the level detection signal is not at the H level in step S231, the process proceeds to step S242, the level determination flag is reset, and the process proceeds to step S232.
- the counting section 61a of the potential difference signal level determining section 61 counts the number of times the level determination flag of the level detector control section 60 is continuously set. The initial state of the level determination flag has been reset.
- step S232 a reset signal is output from the level detector control unit 60 in step S232. Then, the input of the D flip-flop FF1 of the level detector 35 is inputted. When an L-level reset signal is input to the terminal R, the D flip-flop FF1 is reset, and the level detection signal from the output terminal Q is set to the L level.
- step S222 it is determined whether there is a position detection operation switching request. If it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S233. If it is determined that there is no position detection operation switching request, step S233 is performed. Proceed to 223. Then, in step S233, the timer value calculator 46 calculates the phase correction timer value for the phase correction timer T2 based on the external phase amount command.
- step S234 the phase correction timer value obtained in step S233 is set in the phase correction timer T2. Then, in step S235, the phase correction timer T2 is started, the flow proceeds to step S236, and after stopping the waveform timer T4, the flow proceeds to step S223.
- step S223 the cycle measurement timer T3 is stopped in step S223, and the process proceeds to step S224, where the timer value of the cycle measurement timer T3 is read.
- step S225 the period measurement timer T3 is started.
- step S226 the position signal cycle calculator 45 calculates the cycle of the position signal from the timer value of the cycle measurement timer T3.
- step S227 the speed calculation unit 47 calculates the rotation speed of the motor based on the cycle of the position signal obtained in step S226.
- step S228 it is determined whether there is a position detection operation switching request, and if it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S237, where speed control is performed based on the speed command signal, Outputs the voltage command signal and terminates interrupt processing 1 and 2. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S228 that there is no position detection operation switching request, the interrupt processing 12 is terminated.
- the phase correction timer T2 When the counting of the phase correction timer T2 started in the interrupt processing 12 is completed, the phase correction timer T2 outputs an interrupt signal IRQ2, and The interrupt processing 13 shown in FIG. 19 is performed at each generation interval of the interrupt signal IRQ2. That is, when the count of the phase correction timer T2 is completed and the interrupt signal IRQ2 is output, the interrupt processing 13 starts, and the inverter mode selection unit 53 sets the inverter overnight mode to one step in step S251. Then, the voltage pattern is output in step S252, and the interrupt processing 13 ends.
- the level detector control unit 60 and the potential difference signal level determination unit 61 determine that the potential difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value. It can be determined whether or not the position signal based on the potential difference signal is stable. Therefore, this brushless DC motor can determine whether or not the position detection operation by the position signal is possible at the time of startup, and can reliably switch from the synchronous operation at the time of startup to the position detection operation. Further, since the determination is made for each half-wave of the integration signal from the integrator 32 of the rotation position detector 3, the response time of switching from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation can be shortened.
- FIG. 20 shows a circuit diagram of a level detector of a brushless DC motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Except for this level detector, the brushless DC motor has the same configuration as the brushless DC motor of the second embodiment. Is omitted.
- the integration signal JV MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 13 via the resistor R31, and the non-inversion of the amplifier IC 13 is performed.
- Ground GND is connected to the input terminal.
- a diode D 3 is connected between the output terminal and the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 13 with the anode serving as the output terminal, and a resistor R connected in series from the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 13. 32 and Daio FD 4 are connected.
- the cathode side of the diode D 4 is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier IC 13. You.
- resistor R 33 is Se' through resistor R 33 to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier I C14 of the connection point between the resistor R 32 and Daio KD 4 which is the series connection. Then, connect the resistor R 34 between the inverting input terminal of the amplifier I C13 and opposite end and amplifier I C14 of the resistor R 31.
- a ground GND is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 14, and a resistor R35 is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal. Then, it is connected via a resistor R 36 to the output terminal to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator IC 15 of the amplifier IC 14.
- the integrated signal J "V MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 (shown in FIG. 21A) ) Is input to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier I C13 of the level detector 36 via the resistor R 31.
- the integration signal / V MN dt is calculated by the resistors R 31 to R 35 .Diodes D 3 and D 4
- a full-wave rectification circuit (shown in Fig. 21C) is formed by the full-wave rectification circuit composed of the amplifier I C13 and I C14.
- the compared with resistor R 37, the reference value E 3 set by R 38 when the full-wave rectified waveform is greater than the reference value E 3, the output of the comparator I C15 and a H level It becomes one, when the full-wave rectified waveform is smaller than the reference value E 3, the output of the comparator IC 1 5 becomes the L level.
- the output signal of the comparator IC 15 shown in FIG. 21D
- the H level is input to the clock input terminal CLK of the D flip-flop FF2
- the L level changes from the L level to the H level.
- the D flip-flop FF2 is set by the rising, and an H level detection signal (shown in FIG. 21E) is output from the output terminal Q.
- the level detector control section 60 of the microcomputer 14 shown in FIG. 14 receives the H level detection signal from the level detector 36 and receives the next position signal (shown in FIG. 21B). Outputs a reset signal (L level) based on the rising or falling edge of). Then, upon receiving the reset signal from the level detector control section 60, the D flip-flop FF2 is reset, and the level detection signal output from the output terminal Q (shown in FIG. 21E) Becomes L level.
- the level detector 3 6 compares the integral signal J "V MN dt predetermined reference value E 3 every the half wave of the integrator 3 second rotational position sensor 3 shown in FIG. 1 3 Outputs a level detection signal.
- the level detector control unit 60 and the potential difference signal level determination unit 61 determine that the potential difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value. It is possible to determine whether or not the position signal based on the potential difference signal is stable. Therefore, this brushless DC motor can determine whether the position detection operation based on the position signal from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is possible at the time of startup, and reliably switch from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation. Can be done at any time. Also, since the determination is made for each half-wave of the integration signal, the response time of switching from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation can be shortened.
- FIG. 22 shows a circuit diagram of a level detector of a brushless DC motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Except for this level detector and a microcomputer described later, the brushless DC motor of the first embodiment It has the same configuration and description is omitted.
- the integration signal J "V MN dt from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 16 and the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 16 is grounded. and it is. and connected via a resistor R 41 to GND, and has an output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 16 connect via a resistor R 4 2.
- the amplifier IC 16 constitutes a level detector 37, which is a hysteresis comparator having hysteresis characteristics.
- Figure 23 shows the configuration of the microcomputer 24, and the position from the rotational position detector 3 A level judgment flag setting unit 1000 that receives the signal and a level detection signal from the level detector 37 (shown in FIG.
- a period comparison unit 103 as a period comparison unit, based on the judgment result from the potential difference signal level judgment unit 101, the comparison result from the mode comparison unit 102, and the comparison result from the period comparison unit 103
- a position detection operation switching unit 104 as operation switching means for outputting a position detection operation switching signal; and a determination result from the potential difference signal level determination unit 101 and a comparison result from the mode comparison unit 102.
- From cycle comparison section 103 Based on the compare result, external When an operation signal is input from the VZF pattern setting unit 105 that outputs a voltage command signal and a frequency command signal for starting, and receives a frequency command signal from the VZF pattern setting unit 105, A waveform timer T4 that outputs an interrupt signal IRQ3 is provided.
- the V / F pattern setting unit 105 and the waveform timer T4 constitute a synchronous operation control unit 56 as synchronous operation control means.
- the level detector 37, the level determination flag setting unit 100, and the potential difference signal level determination unit 101 constitute a level determination unit.
- the potential difference signal level determining unit 101 includes a counting unit 10 la and a counting determining unit 10 lb, and the mode comparing unit 102 includes a counting unit 102 a and a counting unit 102 a. And a determination unit 102b.
- the frequency command signal from the V / F pattern setting unit 105 is connected to the period comparison unit 103.
- This frequency command signal is a signal indicating a timer value set in the waveform timer T4, and a value corresponding to the cycle of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output can be obtained.
- the timer value set in the above waveform timer T4 is a value corresponding to a frequency six times the frequency of the inverter output, and a value corresponding to the period of the position signal can be obtained based on the timer value. You can.
- the value corresponding to the cycle of the position signal is obtained from the timer value set in the waveform timer T4, the value may be obtained based on the frequency of the inverter output of the VZF pattern setting unit 105.
- the brushless DC motor is driven according to the position signal, and as shown in FIG. 24A— 24F, the integrated signal V MN dt (shown in FIG. 24A) from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 is obtained. If stable, the integral signal JV MN dt inputted to the inverted input terminal of the level detector 3 7 of the amplifier IC 16 exceeds the reference value E 4, the output terminal of the amplifier IC 16 becomes L level, the reference value If less than E 5, the output terminal of amplifier IC 16 becomes the H level. That is, the above level detector 3
- the level detection signal 7 (shown in Fig. 24C) is a signal having the same period and a different phase from the position signal (shown in Fig. 24B).
- the timer value of the period measurement timer # 3 is represented by a period signal indicating the period of the position signal from the position signal period calculator 45, and the timer value of the waveform timer # 4 is set by the V / F pattern setting. It is represented by a frequency command signal from the unit 105. Then, based on the period signal and the frequency command signal, the period comparison unit 103 determines whether or not the absolute value of the difference between the timer value of the period measurement timer # 3 and the timer value of the waveform timer # 4 is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Is determined.
- the operation switch before starting SW connects the interrupt signal IRQ3 of the waveform timer T4 to the inverter mode selection unit 53 and the synchronous operation side that connects the voltage command signal of the V / F pattern setting unit 105 to the PWM unit 54. select.
- step S301 it is determined whether or not the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value. If it is determined that the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value, the process proceeds to step S311 while the frequency has not been accelerated to a certain value. When the determination is made, the process proceeds to step S313. Then, in step S313, the VZF pattern data (for the voltage command signal and the frequency command signal) stored in the table in advance is read, and the process proceeds to step S302.
- step S311 it is determined whether or not the external interrupt is not permitted. If it is determined that the external interrupt is not permitted, the process proceeds to step S314. After the external interrupt is permitted, the process proceeds to step S312. . On the other hand, if the external interrupt is permitted in step S311, the process proceeds to step S312. When the external interrupt is permitted in step S314, an interrupt process 22 described later is performed for each rise and fall of the position signal.
- step S312 it is determined whether the absolute value of the difference between the waveform timer value set in the waveform timer # 4 and the period of the position signal is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the waveform timer value corresponding to the cycle of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output, which is the frequency command signal from the VZF pattern setting section 105, and the position signal cycle calculation Position based on the periodic signal from part 4 5 It is determined whether or not the absolute value of the difference from the value of the signal period is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- step S315 If it is determined that the difference between the waveform timer value and the period of the position signal is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S315, while if it is determined that the difference between the period of the waveform timer value and the period of the position signal exceeds the predetermined value, Proceeding to step S316, the voltage command is changed, the output voltage of the inverter is reduced, and the flow proceeds to step S302.
- step S315 it is determined whether or not the number of times of setting the level determination flag is equal to or more than a predetermined number. That is, the counting section 10 la of the potential difference level determination section 101 counts the number of times the level determination flag is continuously set in the level determination flag setting section 100, and the counting determination section 10 lb It is determined whether or not a certain number of times have been counted. If the number of times the level determination flag is set is equal to or more than a certain number, the level detection signal is determined to be a predetermined pattern, and the process proceeds to step S317, while the number of times the level determination flag is set is less than the certain number. If, go to step S318. Then, the voltage command is changed in step S318 to reduce the output voltage of the inverter, and the process proceeds to step S302.
- step S317 it is determined whether or not the position signal and the inverter mode have a certain relationship. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D of the first embodiment, the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an odd number, and the position signal is at the L level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an even number. It is determined whether or not it is a level. Then, in step S317, if the position signal and the invert mode are in a fixed relationship, the process proceeds to step S319. If the position signal and the invert mode are not in a fixed relationship, the process proceeds to step S320. Then, the voltage command is changed in step S320 to lower the inverter output voltage, and the process proceeds to step S302.
- step S319 the H and L levels of the inverter mode and the position signal are determined.
- the number of times the correspondence is continuously repeated is counted by the counting section 10a of the mode comparison section 102, and the fixed number of counts is counted by the counting determination section 102b of the mode comparison section 102. It is determined whether or not it has been performed. That is, as shown in FIGS.
- the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode switches to an odd number (for example, 2 to 3 and 4 to 5), and It is determined whether or not the condition that the position signal is at the L level at the point of switching to an even number (for example, 3 forces, from 4, 5 to 0) has been counted continuously for a certain number of times. If it is determined in step S319 that the predetermined number has been counted, the process proceeds to step S321, in which a request for switching of the position detection operation is requested, and the process proceeds to step S302. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S319 that the predetermined number has not been counted, the process proceeds to step S302.
- step S302 a voltage command signal is output based on the voltage command.
- step S303 the timer value for the waveform timer T4 is calculated based on the frequency command set by the VZF pattern setting unit 105, that is, the frequency data previously stored in the table.
- step S304 the timer value obtained in step S303 is set in the waveform timer T4, the process is started, and the interrupt process 21 ends.
- step S331 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection switching request. If there is no position detection switching request, the process proceeds to step S341, and the level determination flag setting unit 100 turns the rotation position detector Judge whether the position signal from 3 rises or not. Then, in step S341, the position signal rises. If it is determined that the position signal does not rise, the process proceeds to step S351. Then, in step S351, the level determination flag setting unit 100 determines whether or not the level detection signal from the level detector 37 is at the H level. Proceed to 353 to set the level judgment flag. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S351 that the level detection signal is not at the H level, the process proceeds to step S354, and the level determination flag is reset.
- step S352 the level determination flag setting unit 100 determines whether the level detection signal from the level detector 37 is at the L level, and determines whether the level detection signal is at the L level. If a determination is made, the process proceeds to step S355, and a level determination flag is set. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S352 that the level detection signal is not at the L level, the process proceeds to step S356, and the level determination flag is reset.
- the counting section 10la of the potential difference signal level determining section 101 counts the number of times the level determination flag is continuously set in the level determination flag setting section 100. The initial state of the level determination flag has been reset.
- step S332 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection operation switching request. If it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S342, while if it is determined that there is no position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S332. Continue to S333. Then, in step S342, the timer value calculation unit 46 calculates the phase correction timer value for the phase correction timer T2 based on the external phase amount command. Next, proceeding to step S343, the phase correction timer value obtained in step S342 is set in the phase correction timer T2. Then, in step S344, the phase correction timer T2 is started, the flow proceeds to step S345, and after the waveform timer T4 is stopped, the flow proceeds to step S333.
- step S333 the cycle measurement timer T3 is stopped, and the flow advances to step S334 to read the timer value of the cycle measurement timer # 3.
- step S335 the period measurement timer # 3 is started.
- step S336 the position signal cycle calculator 45 calculates the cycle of the position signal from the timer value of the cycle measurement timer # 3.
- step S337 the speed calculation unit 47 calculates the rotation speed of the motor based on the cycle of the position signal obtained in step S336.
- step S3308 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection operation switching request, and if it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S346 to perform speed control based on the speed command signal, Outputs the voltage command signal and ends interrupt processing 22. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S338 that there is no position detection operation switching request, the interrupt processing 22 is terminated.
- the phase correction timer # 2 outputs the interrupt signal IRQ2, and every time the interrupt signal IRQ2 is generated.
- Interrupt processing 23 shown in FIG. 28 is performed. That is, when the counting of the phase correction timer # 2 is completed and the interrupt signal IRQ 2 is output, the interrupt processing 23 starts, and in step S361, the inverter mode selector 53 sets the inverter mode to one step. Then, the voltage pattern is output in step S362, and the interrupt processing 23 ends.
- the potential difference signal level determination unit 101, the mode comparison unit 102, and the cycle comparison unit 103 allow the rotation position even when the characteristic of the potential difference signal changes due to a load change or power supply voltage change at startup. It is possible to determine whether or not the position detection operation based on the position signal from the detector 3 is possible, and it is possible to reliably switch from the synchronous operation to the position detection operation.
- the integrator of the rotational position detector 3 is provided by the level detector 37.
- the level detection signal obtained by comparing the integrated signal V MN dt from 32 with the reference values E 4 and E 5 based on the hysteresis characteristic has a predetermined pattern, it is determined that the potential difference is equal to or larger than the predetermined value. Can be determined. Therefore, the level detector 37 can easily constitute a level determination means without using a full-wave rectifier circuit or a plurality of comparators.
- FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram of a rotational position detector for a brushless DC motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Except for the rotational position detector and a microcomputer described later, the level detection of the first embodiment is performed. It has the same configuration as a brushless DC motor without a container, and its description is omitted.
- the rotational position detector 110 is composed of a differential amplifier 31 as potential difference detecting means and an integrator 3 as integrating means of the rotational position detector 3 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and a hysteresis comparator 38.
- the hysteresis comparator 38 includes an amplifier IC 17 connected to the inverting input terminal of the integration signal V MN dt from the integrator 32, and a resistor R 44 connecting the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 17 to the ground GND.
- a resistor R 45 which connects the output terminal and the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 17, and has a hysteresis characteristic.
- FIG. 30 shows the configuration of the microcomputer 120.
- the “position signal + level detection signal” from the rotational position detector 110 is connected to the microcomputer. And the inverter mode.
- the mode comparison unit 11 1 as a position signal mode comparison unit and the period signal indicating the period of the position signal from the position signal period calculation unit 45 receive the period of the position signal.
- a period comparison unit 112 as position signal period comparison means for comparing the value of the position signal with a value corresponding to the period of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output; Based on the comparison result from the mode comparator 1 11 1 and the comparison result from the period comparator 1 1 2, the position detection operation switching unit 1 13 that outputs the position detection operation switching signal, and the mode comparison unit 1 11 VZ F pattern setting section that outputs a voltage command signal and a frequency command signal for startup when an external operation signal is input based on the comparison result from 1 and the comparison result from cycle comparison section 12. And a waveform timer T4 that receives a frequency command signal from the V / F pattern setting unit 114 and outputs an interrupt signal IRQ3.
- the VZF pattern setting section 114 and the waveform timer T4 constitute a synchronous operation control section 57 as synchronous operation control means.
- the mode comparing section 111 includes a counting section 11 la and a counting determining section 11 lb.
- the frequency command signal from the VZF pattern setting unit 114 is connected to the period comparison unit 112.
- This frequency command signal is a signal representing a timer value set in the waveform timer T4, and a value corresponding to the cycle of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output can be obtained.
- the brushless DC motor is driven according to the position signal, and as shown in FIG. 31A— 31D, the integral signal JV MN dt (FIG. 31A) from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 110 If shown) in is stable, is input to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier IC 17 of the hysteresis comparator Les Isseki 3 8, exceeds the reference value E 6, the output terminal of the amplifier IC 17 becomes L level, the reference value E If it becomes less than 7 , the output terminal of the amplifier IC 17 becomes H level. Then, the rotational position detector 110 outputs “position signal + level detection signal” (shown in FIG. 31B) based on the reference values E 6 and E 7 .
- the detection signal (shown in Fig. 31D) has a lower frequency and a different duty ratio compared to Fig. 31B. That is, the unstable state of the integration signal appears as a change in the frequency and duty ratio of the "position signal + level detection signal", and the change enables the detection of the stability and instability of the position signal based on the integration signal. .
- the operation switching switch SW before the start connects the interrupt signal I RQ3 of the waveform timer T4 to the inverter mode selection unit 53, and also transmits the voltage command signal of the V / F pattern setting unit 114 to the PWM unit 54. Select the synchronous operation side to be connected.
- step S401 it is determined whether or not the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value. If it is determined that the frequency has been accelerated to a certain value, the process proceeds to step S411. Proceed to step S413. Then, in step S413, the VF pattern data (for the voltage command signal and the frequency command signal) stored in the table in advance is read, and the process proceeds to step S402. Next, in step S411, it is determined whether or not the external interrupt is not permitted. If it is determined that the external interrupt is not permitted, the process proceeds to step S414. After the external interrupt is permitted, the process proceeds to step S412. On the other hand, if the external interrupt is permitted in step S411, the process proceeds to step S412. When the external interrupt is permitted in step S414, an interrupt process 32 described later is performed for each rise and fall of the position signal.
- step S412 the difference between the waveform timer value and the period of the position signal is equal to or less than a predetermined It is determined whether it is below. That is, in the period comparison unit 112, the timer value corresponding to the period of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output, which is the frequency command signal from the VZF pattern setting unit 114, and the position signal period calculation unit It is determined whether or not the absolute value of the difference from the value of the cycle of the position signal based on the cycle signal from 45 is equal to or less than a predetermined value. When it is determined that the difference between the waveform timer value and the period of the position signal is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S416. Then, change the voltage command, decrease the inverter output voltage, and proceed to step S402.
- step S416 it is determined whether or not the position signal and the inverter mode have a certain relationship. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D of the first embodiment, the position signal is at the H level at the point of switching to the odd number in the inverter mode, and at the L level at the point of switching to the even number in the inverter mode. It is determined whether there is. If the position signal and the inverter mode have a fixed relationship in step S416, the process proceeds to step S417. If the position signal and the inverter mode do not have a fixed relationship, the process proceeds to step S418 and the voltage The command is changed to lower the inverter output voltage, and the process proceeds to step S402.
- step S417 the number of times that the correspondence between the inverter mode and the H and L levels of the position signal is continuously repeated is counted by the counting unit 11a of the mode comparing unit 1111. It is determined whether or not a certain number of times has been counted by the counting determining unit 111b of the comparing unit 111. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D of the first embodiment, the position signal is at the H level at the point where the inverter mode is switched to an odd number (for example, 2 to 3 and 4 to 5), and the even mode in the inverter mode.
- an odd number for example, 2 to 3 and 4 to 5
- step S417 It is determined whether or not the condition that the position signal is at the L level at the point of switching to (for example, 3 forces, 4 and 5 to 0) has counted a certain number of times continuously. And If it is determined in step S417 that the predetermined number of times has been counted, the process proceeds to step S419, in which the position detection operation switching is requested, and the process proceeds to step S402. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S417 that the predetermined number has not been counted, the process proceeds to step S402.
- step S402 a voltage command signal is output based on the voltage command.
- step S403 the timer value for the waveform timer T4 is calculated based on the frequency command set by the VZF pattern setting unit 114, that is, the frequency data previously stored in the table.
- step S404 the timer value obtained in step S403 is set in the waveform timer T4, the process is started, and the interrupt process 31 ends.
- the operation switching switch SW is switched to the position detection operation side by the position detection operation switching request in step S419 of the interrupt processing 31, and the rise and rise of the position signal input to the external interrupt terminal of the microcomputer 120 are performed.
- the interrupt processing 32 shown in FIG. 33 is performed for each fall.
- step S421 it is determined in step S421 whether or not there is a position detection operation switching request. If it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S431. Proceed to S422. Then, in step S431, the timer value calculator 46 calculates the phase correction timer value for the phase correction timer T2 based on the external phase amount command. Next, the process proceeds to step S432, and the phase correction timer value obtained in step S431 is set in the phase correction timer T2. Then, in step S433, the phase correction timer T2 is started, and the process proceeds to step S434. After the waveform timer T4 is stopped, the process proceeds to step S422.
- step S422 the cycle measurement timer T3 is stopped in step S422, and the process proceeds to step S423, where the timer value of the cycle measurement timer T3 is read. Then, step S Proceeding to 424, the cycle measurement timer T3 is started. Then, in step S425, the position signal cycle calculator 45 calculates the cycle of the position signal from the timer value of the cycle measurement timer # 3. Next, in step S426, the speed calculator 47 calculates the rotation speed of the motor based on the cycle of the position signal obtained in step S425.
- step S427 it is determined whether or not there is a position detection operation switching request, and if it is determined that there is a position detection operation switching request, the process proceeds to step S435 to perform speed control based on the speed command signal, The voltage command signal is output, and the interrupt processing 32 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S427 that there is no position detection operation switching request, the interrupt processing 32 is terminated.
- the phase correction timer # 2 When the count of the phase correction timer # 2 started in the interrupt processing 32 is completed, the phase correction timer # 2 outputs the interrupt signal IRQ2 and outputs the interrupt signal IRQ2 at every generation interval of the interrupt signal IRQ2. Then, an interrupt process 33 shown in FIG. 34 is performed. That is, when the counting of the phase correction timer # 2 is completed and the interrupt signal IRQ2 is output, the interrupt processing 33 starts, and the inverter mode selection unit 53 advances the inverter mode by one step in step S441. Then, in step S442, the voltage pattern is output, and the interrupt processing 33 ends.
- the position signal is detected by the hysteresis comparator 38 of the rotational position detector 110 and the reference value based on the hysteresis characteristic of the hysteresis comparator 38 and the integrated signal JV MN dt from the integrator 32.
- E beta compares the E 7, and outputs the "position signal + level detection signal".
- the value of the cycle of the “position signal + level detection signal” (the value based on the periodic signal from the position signal cycle calculator 45) and the value corresponding to the cycle of the position signal based on the frequency of the inverter output (waveform timer T4
- the absolute value of the difference from the timer value is smaller than a predetermined value
- it is determined that the potential difference signal V MN is larger than a predetermined value.
- the position signal based on the potential difference signal VMN is stable. Since the rotational position detector 110 includes the hysteresis comparator 38 having the function of the level detector of the first, second, third, and fourth embodiments, it is necessary to separately provide a level detector. Cost can be reduced.
- the voltage pattern switching method of the armature coils la, lb, and 1c is set to 180-degree conduction, but the voltage pattern switching method is one.
- the energization method is not limited to 80 degrees, but may be 120 to 180 degrees.
- the period measuring timer T3 and the position signal period calculator 45 are used as means for measuring the period of the position signal, and the time (phase) from the leading edge to the trailing edge or the trailing edge to the leading edge of the position signal is used.
- the angle of 6 Odeg was counted, and the period of the voltage pattern was measured from the timer value.However, the invention is not limited to this, and the next reading edge from the leading edge of the position signal or the next from the trailing edge
- the period of the voltage pattern may be measured by counting the time until the trailing edge (12 O deg in phase angle).
- microcomputers 4, 14 and 24. 120 are used, the microcomputer may be constituted by a logic circuit or the like instead of the microcomputer.
- the synchronous operation for increasing the inverter output voltage and frequency of the inverter unit 20 at the time of start-up was performed using a linear pattern as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. It may be used to increase the voltage and frequency of the inverter output. Further, the voltage and frequency of the inverter output may be constant. Further, one of the voltage and frequency of the inverter output may be increased and the other may be constant.
- VZF pattern setting section 44.64, 105, and 114 must be Although the data of the V / F pattern stored in one table is used, the data of the VZF pattern may be calculated each time by using an arithmetic expression.
- the inverter voltage is lowered until the potential difference signal is determined to be stable.
- the frequency may be increased so that the ratio VZF of the inverter output voltage V to the frequency F decreases, that is, the inverter voltage is kept constant. Also, the frequency may be increased by decreasing the voltage.
- the level detectors 34, 35, and 36 receive the integration signal from the integrator 32 of the rotational position detector 3 and output a level detection signal. It may be determined whether or not the potential difference between the neutral point of the resistor circuit and the neutral point of the resistor circuit is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the mode comparator 42 as position signal mode comparing means for comparing the position signal of the rotational position detector 3 with the inverter mode of the inverter overnight mode selector 53 has an inverter.
- the switching point of the mode and the correspondence between the H and L levels of the position signal were compared continuously.
- the position signal comparing means is not limited to this.
- the switching point of the inverter mode and the switching of the position signal It may be compared whether the phase with the point is within a predetermined range.
- the full-wave rectifier 15 is used as the rectifier.
- the rectifier is not limited to this, and a half-wave rectifier may be used.
- a full-wave rectifier 15 as a rectifier, a smoother 16 as a smoother, and a comparator 17 as a smoother comparator are used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the means and the smoothed signal comparing means may be constituted by a digital circuit, and after performing the AZD conversion on the integrated signal, a level detection signal may be obtained by digital operation.
- the integral signal J "from the rotational position detector 3 is used. Although it was determined whether or not the reference value EL E 2 or E 3 was exceeded for each half-wave of V MN dt, the integrated signal was half-wave rectified, and only the half-wave of the half-wave rectified integrated signal was used as the reference. whether exceeds the value E 3 may be determined. Also, have the certain reference value is provided only either one of E 2, integral signal JV MN dt is the reference value E! There have may be judged whether or not exceeded either of E 2.
- the level detector control section 60 sets the level determination flag based on the level detection signals of the comparison circuits 18 and 19 as the potential difference signal comparing means, and sets the potential difference signal.
- the counting section 6 la of the level determining section 61 counts the number of times that the level determining flag is set continuously.
- the level determining section may determine the pulse width or the output signal of the potential difference signal comparing section. When the frequency or the like has a predetermined pattern, it may be determined that the potential difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value.
- the integrator 32 is an integrator using a capacitor and a resistor
- an integrator configured as a first-order lag circuit using an arithmetic amplifier may be used to amplify the integrated signal. Since the signal is sufficiently amplified, the resistance to noise is improved, which is even better.
- the rotational position detector 3 has a differential amplifier 31 in the first stage and an integrator 32 in the next stage.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and the integrator 32 is arranged in the first stage and the amplifier 31 is arranged in the next stage.
- the amplifier 31 in the next stage may not be provided.
- the differential amplifier 31 uses a non-inverting amplifier circuit, and sets the neutral point of the armature coils la, lb, and lc to ground GND, and the resistance circuit 2 in the three-phase Y connection is used.
- the potential of the neutral point was input to the non-inverting input terminal of IC1, but the emitter side of the transistor 2 Od, 2 Oe, 2Of of the inverter section 20 was set to the ground GND, and the armature coils la, lb, lc Neutral potential V N and three-phase Y
- the neutral point potential V M of the connected resistance circuit 2 may be applied to each input of the differential input subtraction circuit.
- the brushless DC motor of the present invention is suitable for use in an air conditioner such as an inverter air conditioner, and an electric home appliance such as an electric washing machine and a vacuum cleaner.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU33997/95A AU707423B2 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-11 | Brushless DC motor capable of being started stably |
| US08/640,806 US5834911A (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-11 | Brushless DC motor capable of being started stably |
| DE69513946T DE69513946T2 (de) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-11 | Bürstenloser gleichstrommotor mit stabilem start |
| EP95930726A EP0735663B1 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-11 | Brushless dc motor that starts stably |
| GR990403026T GR3032111T3 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1999-12-16 | Brushless dc motor that starts stably |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6/224657 | 1994-09-20 | ||
| JP22465794A JP3546482B2 (ja) | 1994-09-20 | 1994-09-20 | ブラシレスdcモータ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996009689A1 true WO1996009689A1 (en) | 1996-03-28 |
Family
ID=16817166
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1995/001794 Ceased WO1996009689A1 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-11 | Brushless dc motor that starts stably |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5834911A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0735663B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3546482B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1069462C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU707423B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69513946T2 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2141377T3 (ja) |
| GR (1) | GR3032111T3 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY114530A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996009689A1 (ja) |
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| CN102403939A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-04-04 | 晶致半导体股份有限公司 | 一种无感应组件的直流无刷马达的启动装置及启动方法 |
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| EP1208636B1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2004-01-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | Control of an electrical reluctance machine |
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| US6628893B2 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2003-09-30 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | DC motor rotation control apparatus |
| JP3586628B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-30 | 2004-11-10 | Necエレクトロニクス株式会社 | センサレスdcモータ及びセンサレスdcモータの起動方法 |
| JP3658310B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-16 | 2005-06-08 | 東芝テック株式会社 | Pwm制御回路、電動送風機及び電気掃除機 |
| DE10152170A1 (de) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-04-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines Elektromotors |
| JP3912190B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2007-05-09 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | ブラシレスモータの駆動装置およびそれを用いたモータ |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69513946T2 (de) | 2000-05-11 |
| EP0735663A4 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| EP0735663A1 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| JP3546482B2 (ja) | 2004-07-28 |
| AU3399795A (en) | 1996-04-09 |
| US5834911A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
| GR3032111T3 (en) | 2000-03-31 |
| JPH0898580A (ja) | 1996-04-12 |
| CN1138392A (zh) | 1996-12-18 |
| EP0735663B1 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| DE69513946D1 (de) | 2000-01-20 |
| AU707423B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
| ES2141377T3 (es) | 2000-03-16 |
| CN1069462C (zh) | 2001-08-08 |
| MY114530A (en) | 2002-11-30 |
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