WO1996030495A1 - Nueva cepa de la levadura candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley y su utilización como agente de control biológico de las enfermedades fúngicas de postcosecha en frutas - Google Patents
Nueva cepa de la levadura candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley y su utilización como agente de control biológico de las enfermedades fúngicas de postcosecha en frutas Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996030495A1 WO1996030495A1 PCT/ES1996/000064 ES9600064W WO9630495A1 WO 1996030495 A1 WO1996030495 A1 WO 1996030495A1 ES 9600064 W ES9600064 W ES 9600064W WO 9630495 A1 WO9630495 A1 WO 9630495A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B7/00—Preservation of fruit or vegetables; Chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B7/155—Microorganisms; Enzymes ; Antibiotics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/165—Yeast isolates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/32—Yeast
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
- C12R2001/72—Candida
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new strain of Candida sake yeast and its use as an antagonist for the biological control of fungal infections of the harvested fruit, in order to prevent fruit rot in storage conditions. .
- Post-harvest diseases of fruits produce annual losses in agriculture that are estimated, worldwide, in an amount of 15% to 20% of total crops.
- yeasts are particularly interesting, which can colonize the surface of the fruit for long periods of time, producing extracellular polysaccharides that enhance their survival and limit places colonization and germination of fungal propagules, because they use available nutrients more quickly.
- McLaughlin, RJ et al. Phytopathology 80: 456-461 (1990)
- PCT patent application WO-91/1641 describes the use, as agents for the biological control of postharvest diseases of vegetable products, of various yeasts, including strains or isolates belonging to the species Candida guilliermondii.
- PCT patent application WO-92/18009 also describes the use of yeasts as agents of biological control of postharvest diseases in fruits, specifically citing the Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Candida parapsilopis and Candida guill iermondii species.
- Wilson, CL in US patent application US-7-745796, published as document NTIS (National Technical Information Service) number PB92-102334, describes the use as biological control agents, against diseases post-harvest of fruits such as apples, peaches and oranges, from three specific strains of Candida sake, isolated from the skin of tomatoes, deposited, in accordance with the provisions of the Budapest Treaty, in The Northern Regional Research Center US Department of Agriculture, Peoria Illinois 61604, with deposit numbers NRRL Y-18844, NRRL Y-18845 and NRRL Y-18846.
- NTIS National Technical Information Service
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new strain of Candida sake yeast capable of acting as a highly effective antagonist for the biological control of pathogenic fungi responsible for rotting the post-harvest fruit and maintaining its effectiveness in low temperature conditions and oxygen depleted atmosphere.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of said antagonist to prevent rotting of the fruit harvested during storage.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for the best preservation of the fruit harvested under different storage conditions.
- Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the growth curve of strain CECT-10817, in NYDB medium, under low temperature conditions.
- Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the growth curve of strain CECT-10817, in NYDB medium, at temperatures of 15 ° C, 26 ° C and 30 ° C.
- Figure 3 is a graphical representation of the growth curve of strain CECT-10817, in NYDB medium, at temperatures of 34 ° C and 37 ° C.
- Figure 4 is a graphic representation of the population development of strain CECT-10817 on "Golden Delicious" apple at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- Figure 5 is a graphic representation of the population development of the strain CECT-10817 on "Golden Delicious" apple under conditions of frigoconservation: in conventional cold (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere containing 21% oxygen); under controlled atmosphere (at 1 ° C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 3%); and in a controlled atmosphere at ultra low oxygen (at 1 ° 2 temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 1%).
- Figure 6 is a three-dimensional bar diagram representation of the percentages of rot reduction, in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Botryti s ci replacementrea, caused by the inoculation of the CECT-10817 antagonist. Data obtained after six days of incubation at 20 ° C.
- Figure 7 is a three-dimensional bar chart representation of the percentages of rot reduction, in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Peni cilli um expansum, caused by inoculation of the antagonist CECT-10817. Data obtained after seven days of incubation at 20 ° C.
- Figure 8 is a three-dimensional bar diagram representation of the percentages of rot reduction in "Golden Delicious" apples inoculated with Rhi zopus ni gri cans, caused by the inoculation of the CECT-10817 antagonist. Data obtained after six days of incubation at 20 ° C.
- Figure 9 is a three-dimensional bar diagram representation of the percentages of rot reduction, in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Peni cilli um expansum, caused by inoculation of the CECT-10817 antagonist. Data obtained from then of sixty days of incubation under conditions of refrigeration: in conventional cold (at I or C of temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 21%); in a controlled atmosphere (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 3%); under controlled atmosphere at ultra low oxygen (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 1%).
- Figure 10 is a three-dimensional bar chart representation of the percentages of rot reduction, in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Botrytis cinerea, caused by the inoculation of the CECT-10817 antagonist. Data obtained after sixty days of incubation under conditions of conventional cold (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 21%).
- Figure 11 is a three-dimensional bar chart representation of the percentages of rot reduction, in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Penicillium expansum, caused by the fruit bathing with the CECT-10817 antagonist. Data obtained after sixty days of large-scale testing under conditions of conventional cold (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 21%).
- Figure 12 is a three-dimensional bar diagram representation of the percentages of rot reduction in "Golden Delicious” apples inoculated with Peni cill ium expansum, caused by spraying with 7 x 10 6 cfu / ml of CECT-10817 antagonist and by the application of the chemical fungicide Imazalil at a concentration of 7.5%. Comparative data obtained after eight days of incubation at 20 ° C temperature.
- Figure 13 is a graphic representation of the population evolution of the CECT-10817 antagonist on Golden Delicious apple, applied in the field by spraying, throughout the process of collection, handling and conservation in conditions of conventional cold (at I or C temperature, and with an atmosphere with an oxygen content of 21%).
- the authors of the present invention have managed to isolate a new strain of the species Candida sake (Saito and Ota) van Uden and Buckley that shows a very high effectiveness as an antagonist of the fungal species that cause postharvest fruit diseases, in a wide range of temperatures and atmospheres of oxygen, which allows its industrial use for the biological control of these fungal species and prevent the rot of the fruit in storage conditions.
- the strain object of the present invention has been isolated from the surface of apples, by repeated washing with sterile water, and a culture thereof has been deposited, in accordance with the provisions of the Budapest Treaty on the recognition of the deposit of microorganisms for the purpose of the patent procedure, in the international deposit authority Spanish Collection of Type Crops, domiciled in the Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjasot (Valencia) Spain, which has assigned the number of tank CECT-10817.
- the isolate of CECT-10817 was identified as Candida sake by the "Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures" of the Netherlands and, after its isolation, was grown in the NYDA medium, consisting of yeast extract, dextrose and agar, and in the NYDB medium, consistent in yeast and dextrose extract broth.
- the isolate of CECT-10817 forms white-creamy, round, well-defined colonies, with a smooth edge and with a slight central elevation, observing pseudohifas in the crops.
- strain CECT-10817 presents the biochemical characteristics detailed in Tables I and II.
- strain CECT-10817 is resistant to the antibiotic streptomycin sulfate, at a concentration of 0.5 g / ml.
- the "in vitro" growth of the microorganism of strain CECT-10817, in NYDB medium, at pH 7, occurs, in aerobic conditions, over a wide range of incubation temperatures, showing satisfactory growth at temperatures between I or C and 34 ° C. As can be seen in figures 1, 2 and 3, the maximum population is reached at I or C, this being much higher than that produced in any of the other temperatures studied.
- the inoculation of the microorganism in fruit shows great growth in aerobic conditions, both at room temperature (25 ° C) and at the temperature of I or C, either in an atmosphere ambient (21% oxygen) or in a controlled atmosphere of 3% oxygen and 1% oxygen (ultra low oxygen), which are typical of storage conditions in fruit and vegetable plants.
- the CECT-10817 isolate can be obtained, both at the laboratory level and for industrial use, through its cultivation in an appropriate medium, by means of conventional techniques sufficiently known by the expert. For example, it can be obtained by culturing the original strain in NYDB medium, at pH 7, in a container provided with stirring and aeration, at temperatures between I or C and 34 ° C, during periods of time of the order from 20 to 50 hours. The maximum population, for the NYDB medium, is reached at 37 hours at 25 ° C. Once the incubation period is over, the microorganisms are separated from the culture medium by conventional sedimentation, centrifugation or filtration techniques, and the culture can be preserved, for example, by freezing with silica gel.
- the antagonist CECT-10817 can be applied to the surface of the fruits by any conventional technique ⁇ .
- any conventional technique ⁇ For example, it is possible to prepare a dispersion of the crop in water and to spray or shower the fruit in the field before harvesting, or to carry out the treatment during the handling process. tion of the fruit collected, before proceeding to storage, in which case the treatment can also be carried out by immersion.
- the dispersion of application for the treatment of fruits can be variable depending on factors such as the type of fruit, the maturity of the fruit, the concentration of the pathogenic fungus in the fruit, the type of wound or injury that affects the fruit , the temperature and humidity of the conservation, etc.
- the range of effective concentrations ranges between 10 5 and 10 7 u. f. c. / mi (colony forming units per milliliter), but such margins should not be considered as limiting the object of the present invention.
- CECT-10817 is very effective in the biological control of a large number of species of pathogenic fungi of fruits that include, but are not limited to, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum and Rhizopus nigri cans. Its effectiveness in the prevention of fruit rot is not limited to its storage under ambient temperature and oxygen concentration conditions, but, due to the characteristics of the microorganism already mentioned above, its use also gives Excellent results in storage conditions of frigoconservation and controlled atmosphere, usually used by industrial fruit and vegetable plants.
- the effectiveness of the CECT-10817 isolate in the control of pathogenic fungi is comparable to that of the Imazalil fungicide, imidazole-derived chemical (1- [2- (2, 4-dichlorophenyl) -2- (2-propenyloxy) ethyl] -1H-imidazole), one of the most widely used fungicides in the world in post-harvest fruits, which means that the CECT isolate -10817 constitutes an effective alternative for said chemical, with the advantage of lacking its toxicity characteristics.
- the isolated CECT-10817 can be used effectively to combat the rot of all kinds of fruits in any of its varieties, especially the seeds of seeds, such as apples, pears and bricks; citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons and tangerines; those of bone, such as peaches, baskets and plums; and other fruits such as, for example, strawberries.
- the authors of the present invention are not aware that, until the present invention, no specific antitonistic biological control agent against the fungal pathogens of the species Rhi zopus nigri can ⁇ has been described. This species is very aggressive in pathological terms, since it has pectinolytic enzymes that allow it to degrade the tissue of the fruit without the infection requiring wounds or injuries to start.
- the rot that causes this species is fast developing and is characterized in that the tissues of the fruit become very watery and soft, so that, when a large volume of contaminated liquid is released, the infection spreads easily to the rest of the stored boxes. .
- Rhizopus nigricans in an industrial cold room produces very high percentages of dust.
- chemical fungicide against Rhizopus nigri cans known to the authors of the present invention. This situation means that, for example in Spain, country with a high fruit and vegetable production, the fungi of the Rhizopus nigricans species are becoming one of the most dangerous pathogens, causing serious losses in the postharvest of seed fruits.
- the antagonist CECT-10817 object of the present invention, constitutes the first effective treatment described to combat the harmful effects produced by the fungi of the aforementioned Rhizopus nigricans species.
- Example 1 Obtaining an aqueous dispersion of CECT-
- the CECT-10817 antagonist was seeded in a test tube with NYDA medium and incubated at 25 ° C for 24-48 hours. Then, from said test tube, it was seeded in an Erlenmeyer flask with 50 ml of NYDB medium which was incubated in an orbital shaker at 150 rpm and at 25 ° C for 24 hours. The flask content was then centrifuged at 6,000 rpm for 10 minutes and the supernatant was discarded.
- the sediment was dispersed in 50 ml of sterile distilled water and, from said dispersion, the desired concentrations of the anthragonist were prepared by calculating the transmittance of the microbial suspension in a spectrophotometer, as an indirect measure of the concentration of the antagonist.
- the equivalence between the transmittance and the concentration of microorganisms was carried out by means of a Thoma microorganism counting chamber. The concentrations are expressed in cfu / ml (colony forming units per milliliter)
- the three pathogenic fungal species tested were Botrytis cinerea, Peni cill i um expansum and Rhizopus nigri cans and the titration of spore suspensions was made from young cultures of 5-7 days, sown in PDA medium (potato, dextrose and agar), and incubated at a temperature of 28 ° C, by scraping the colonies in sterile distilled water with Tween 80. The spores were then counted in a Thoma chamber, setting the desired concentration, expressed in cfu / ml
- the incubation time was seven days, for Botryti s cinerea 6 days and for Rhizopus nigricans 5 days.
- the incubation period was set based on the time required for the control knobs to have large rot diameters. After said incubation period, the results were read, measuring the rot diameters of all the perforations performed.
- the rotting diameter reading data of the different repetitions was subjected to a statistical analysis consisting of carrying out an analysis of the variance and, once it was verified that said analysis of variance was significant ( ⁇ ⁇ 0.01 to ⁇ ⁇ 0 , 05), a separation of means was carried out according to the Duncan Multiple Range Test, the results of which are expressed with the lowercase letters of the alphabet (a, b, c, d, ...), so that treatments with the same letter are statistically the same and treatments with different letters are statistically different.
- Table III shows the results obtained in the case of the biological control of Botryti s cinerea, in table IV in that of Peni cil li um expansum, and in V in that of Rhi zopus nigricans.
- Example 3 Effectiveness of CECT-10817 in fruits stored at low temperatures and different atmospheres of oxygen.
- Example 4 Control of B. cin rea under conventional cold conditions.
- Example 3 A test was carried out, under the same conditions as in Example 3, using 20 ⁇ l of a cinematic Botrytis inoculum as a pathogen inoculum, at a concentration of 10 4 cfu / ml. The test was performed under conditions of 21 conventional cold storage (I or C and ambient oxygen).
- Example 5 Control of Pen i ci l l i um expansum in large scale salad.
- the antagonist dispersion was prepared, on a larger scale, as follows:
- the CECT-10817 antagonist was seeded in a test tube with NYDA medium and incubated at 25 ° C for 24-48 hours. Then, from said test tube, it was seeded in a fermenter, equipped with stirrer and aeration system, with 2,000 ml of NYDB medium and incubated at 25 ° C for 37 hours. The content of the fermenter was then centrifuged at 6,000 rpm for 10 minutes and the supernatant was discarded. The sediment was dispersed in sterile distilled water and, after that disper sion ⁇ were prepared the desired concentrations of the anti 22
- a box of "Golden Delicious” apples (70 fruits) was used per repetition and four repetitions per treatment. Apples picked in the field were perforated in their equatorial zone (4 wounds per apple) with a scalpel and were treated with the antagonist CECT-10817, by introducing the boxes with the fruits in baths containing antagonist dispersions. concentrations of 7 x 10 5 and 7 x 10 ⁇ cfu / ml. An untreated control lot was also used. Then, once the apples were dried, the boxes were placed in a bath with a dispersion titled of Penicillium expansum spores at the concentration of 10 4 cfu / ml. The apple boxes were stored for days in conditions of conventional cold (1 ° C and ambient oxygen), after which the results were read under the same conditions and with the same statistical treatment as in The previous examples. The results are shown in Table X and its graphic representation in Figure 11.
- the large-scale test allows to confirm the excellent control results of P. expansum obtained in the 23 previous trials. It is noteworthy that the reduction of the rot diameter is almost 90% when a concentration of CECT-10817 antagonist of ⁇ 7 x 10 cfu / ml is used.
- the test was carried out with twenty "Golden delicious” apples per repetition and three repetitions per treatment and in each fruit five perforations were made.
- Both the antagonist CECT-10817 and the fungicide Imazalil were applied by bathing the fruits in solutions or dispersions thereof.
- the antagonist was applied at a concentration of 7x10 and cfu / ml and Imazalil at a concentration of 7.5% by weight.
- the apples were then inoculated with the Penicillium expansum species pathogen at a concentration of 10 4 cfu / ml.
- the inoculation of the pathogen was carried out 24 hours after the treatment.
- the fruits were incubated at 20 ° C for eight days, after which the results were read and statistically treated.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT96906776T ATE244757T1 (de) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Neuer stamm der hefe candida sake (saito und ota) van uden und buckley und seine verwendung zur kontrolle von pilzerkrankungen bei geernteten früchten |
| NZ303679A NZ303679A (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Isolated candida sake strain and use in inhibiting fruit rotting caused by fungal diseases |
| BR9606242A BR9606242A (pt) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Cultura biológica substancialmente pura utilização da cultura biológica substancialmente pura e processo para impedir o apodrecimento de frutas |
| EP96906776A EP0781843B1 (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Novel strain of the yeast candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley and its use as biological control agent in fungal diseases of postharversted fruits |
| AU50056/96A AU706874B2 (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | New strain of the yeast candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley and its use as biological control agent for post-harvest fungic diseases in fruits |
| DE69628998T DE69628998T2 (de) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Neuer stamm der hefe candida sake (saito und ota) van uden und buckley und seine verwendung zur kontrolle von pilzerkrankungen bei geernteten früchten |
| JP52896696A JP3585931B2 (ja) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | 酵母カンジダ・サケ(サイトウ・アンド・オータ)・ファン・ユーデン・アンド・バックレイの新しい株、並びに果実の収穫後真菌疾病の生物学的制御物質としてのその使用 |
| US08/757,583 US5843434A (en) | 1996-03-25 | 1996-11-27 | Strain of the yeast Candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley and its use as a biological control agent for post-harvest funga l diseases in fruits |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES09500602A ES2089981B1 (es) | 1995-03-28 | 1995-03-28 | Nueva cepa de la levadura candida sake (salto and ota) van uden and buckley y su utilizacion como agente de control biologico de las enfermedasdes fungicas de postcosecha en frutas. |
| ESP9500602 | 1995-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996030495A1 true WO1996030495A1 (es) | 1996-10-03 |
Family
ID=8289900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES1996/000064 Ceased WO1996030495A1 (es) | 1995-03-28 | 1996-03-25 | Nueva cepa de la levadura candida sake (saito and ota) van uden and buckley y su utilización como agente de control biológico de las enfermedades fúngicas de postcosecha en frutas |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0781843B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3585931B2 (es) |
| AR (1) | AR002973A1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE244757T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU706874B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9606242A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2191252A1 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69628998T2 (es) |
| ES (2) | ES2089981B1 (es) |
| IL (1) | IL117678A (es) |
| NZ (1) | NZ303679A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1996030495A1 (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA962432B (es) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103243034A (zh) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-14 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 清酒假丝酵母及其发酵方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991001641A1 (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-02-21 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, U.S. Department Of Commerce | Inhibiting plant pathogens with an antagonistic microorganism(s) |
| US5041384A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-08-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Agriculture | Pichia guilliermondii (Anamorph Candida guilliermondii) useful for the biological control of postharvest rots in fruits |
| WO1992018009A1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-10-29 | Daratech Pty. Ltd. | Yeasts as a biocontrol for microbial diseases of fruit |
| WO1995002964A1 (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | The United States Of America, Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Biological control of postharvest diseases by combining a sugar analog with an antagonistic yeast |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9015775D0 (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1990-09-05 | British Telecomm | Optical fibre coupler |
-
1995
- 1995-03-28 ES ES09500602A patent/ES2089981B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-25 DE DE69628998T patent/DE69628998T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-25 AU AU50056/96A patent/AU706874B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-03-25 ES ES96906776T patent/ES2201174T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-25 EP EP96906776A patent/EP0781843B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-25 JP JP52896696A patent/JP3585931B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-25 AT AT96906776T patent/ATE244757T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-25 AR ARP960101900A patent/AR002973A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-25 NZ NZ303679A patent/NZ303679A/en unknown
- 1996-03-25 WO PCT/ES1996/000064 patent/WO1996030495A1/es not_active Ceased
- 1996-03-25 CA CA002191252A patent/CA2191252A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-25 BR BR9606242A patent/BR9606242A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-27 ZA ZA9602432A patent/ZA962432B/xx unknown
- 1996-03-27 IL IL11767896A patent/IL117678A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991001641A1 (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-02-21 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, U.S. Department Of Commerce | Inhibiting plant pathogens with an antagonistic microorganism(s) |
| US5041384A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-08-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Agriculture | Pichia guilliermondii (Anamorph Candida guilliermondii) useful for the biological control of postharvest rots in fruits |
| WO1992018009A1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-10-29 | Daratech Pty. Ltd. | Yeasts as a biocontrol for microbial diseases of fruit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103243034A (zh) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-14 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 清酒假丝酵母及其发酵方法 |
| CN103243034B (zh) * | 2012-02-10 | 2016-04-27 | 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 清酒假丝酵母及其发酵方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA962432B (en) | 1997-09-29 |
| ATE244757T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
| NZ303679A (en) | 1998-08-26 |
| ES2201174T3 (es) | 2004-03-16 |
| EP0781843A1 (en) | 1997-07-02 |
| JPH10501424A (ja) | 1998-02-10 |
| DE69628998D1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
| AU5005696A (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| CA2191252A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 |
| JP3585931B2 (ja) | 2004-11-10 |
| BR9606242A (pt) | 1997-09-23 |
| ES2089981B1 (es) | 1997-04-16 |
| AU706874B2 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
| DE69628998T2 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
| EP0781843B1 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
| ES2089981A1 (es) | 1996-10-01 |
| IL117678A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
| AR002973A1 (es) | 1998-05-27 |
| IL117678A0 (en) | 1996-07-23 |
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