WO1997007552A1 - Pile alcaline - Google Patents
Pile alcaline Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997007552A1 WO1997007552A1 PCT/JP1996/002265 JP9602265W WO9707552A1 WO 1997007552 A1 WO1997007552 A1 WO 1997007552A1 JP 9602265 W JP9602265 W JP 9602265W WO 9707552 A1 WO9707552 A1 WO 9707552A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- tin
- zinc
- electrode case
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
- H01M6/12—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with flat electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
- H01M50/133—Thickness
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a button-type alkaline battery, and more particularly, to an improvement in the leakage resistance of an alkaline battery using zinc or zinc alloy powder as a negative electrode case and a negative electrode active material provided with a tin plating.
- a tin-plated negative electrode has been used as a negative electrode active material for button-type alkaline batteries in order to make use of non-melonized zinc or zinc alloy powder (for example, see Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 7-54704 and 7-54705). It is used in combination with a case (for example, see JP-A-6-65747 and JP-A-6-089724).
- the reason for applying tin plating on the copper layer surface between the negative electrodes by an electroless method is to suppress the generation of hydrogen gas due to metal impurities attached to the negative electrode case. As a result, the swelling and self-discharge of the button-type battery are reduced and the leakage resistance is improved.
- the above-mentioned button-type alkaline battery incorporating a non-melted zinc or zinc alloy powder (hereinafter abbreviated as non-melted) z
- the tin-plated negative electrode case incorporates the conventional zinc-melted zinc powder / negative electrode case.
- swelling and self-discharge are at the same level, but the result is still inferior to liquid leakage resistance.
- the cause is that tin plating generates and dissolves sodium stannate in the caustic electrolyte by the following reaction.
- the metal impurities adhering to the copper layer 10 of the negative electrode case 6 or penetrating deep into the scratches of the copper layer may cause deterioration over time.
- the battery sometimes swelled due to generation and accumulation of no hydrogen gas.
- tin plating has been applied to the copper layer of the three-layer clad material (Ni-SUS304-Cu) generally used for the negative electrode case to take measures against battery swelling. (See, for example, JP-A Nos. 6-65747 and 6-087724).
- tin plating on the copper layer on the inner surface of the negative electrode case is a factor that accelerates the leakage of caustic electrolyte.
- the button-type alkaline battery is sealed by inserting the folded part of the negative electrode case into the groove of the gasket 7 of synthetic resin such as nylon or polyethylene, regardless of the presence or absence of zinc powder or non-melted zinc powder or tin plating on the negative electrode case.
- the gasket 7 of synthetic resin such as nylon or polyethylene
- a so-called liquid sealing material 12 obtained by diluting process oil, petroleum asphalt, or the like with an organic solvent or the like is injected into the gasket portion, or the shape of the negative electrode case is devised.
- a button-type alkaline battery incorporating a zinc or zinc alloy powdered tin-plated negative electrode case has been conventionally inferior in terms of liquid leakage resistance to the former one, as compared to the above-described battery incorporating a zinc-aluminized zinc powder negative electrode case. I have. This is mainly due to the difference in the rate of electrochemical creep of tin and copper, namely the causticity of the tin plating surface.
- the thickness of the tin plating is appropriately 0.1 to 0.25 ⁇ . If the thickness is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, pinholes are generated and the base copper can be seen, so that the surface smoothness is insufficient. When the thickness exceeds 0.25 m, the tin plating peels off slightly due to contact with the negative electrode case, and tin adheres to the entire negative electrode, which may cause a short circuit.
- the surface roughness of the copper layer of the negative electrode case after drawing is about 2 to 3 m on the inner bottom surface of the case, and the turn-around portion is a rather rough surface of 5 zm or more.
- the present inventors conducted a heat treatment at 120 to 180 ° C for 2 minutes or more on a negative electrode case provided with tin plating of a button-type alkaline battery using zinc or zinc alloy powder as the negative electrode active material.
- the above-mentioned problem was achieved by forcibly forming a stable diffusion alloy layer in a caustic electrolyte solution comprising a tin plating and a copper layer.
- the tin-plated negative electrode case it is necessary to heat-treat the tin-plated negative electrode case to form a tin-copper diffusion alloy layer so that the proportion of the tin-plate layer dissolved in the caustic solution is reduced as much as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to change the tin plating into a 100% diffusion alloy layer.
- the thickness of the diffusion alloy layer is 30% or more, leakage resistance in practical use can be secured.
- the higher the ratio of the diffusion alloy layer the longer the heat treatment time.
- the tin plating layer formed by the subsequent electroless method can be finished smoothly, and the leakage resistance of the button-type alkaline battery is improved.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a button-type alkaline battery.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the circled portion in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the negative electrode case 6 [thickness: 200 m, composition: three-layer clad material, Ni (15 ⁇ )-SUS (1 55 m)-Cu (30, um) Draw into a cup.
- degreasing is performed with an alkali-based surfactant, and then co-barreling is performed with a solution containing an abrasive (a negative electrode case is placed in a barrel, and the negative electrode cases are brought into contact with each other while rotating the barrel.
- the tin-plated negative electrode case was washed with water and dried (60 ° C.), then transferred to a porcelain vat, and heat-treated at 140 ° C. for 15 minutes in an electric furnace. If the heat treatment temperature exceeds 180 ° C., the diffusion alloy layer of tin plating and copper becomes slightly brittle, and a part of the alloy layer peels off, which is not appropriate.
- a zinc alloy powder consisting of aluminum 30 ppm, bismuth 200 ppm, indium 50 ppm, and the balance zinc was used as the negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode was oxidized.
- the so-called silver oxide battery SR 621 using silver was assembled.
- a negative electrode case using the above zinc alloy powder as a negative electrode active material The present invention was prepared by subjecting to heat treatment with tin plating after co-barrel barrel polishing, and the comparative example was subjected to heat treatment without heat treatment. From this, 100 samples were withdrawn and stored in a 60 ° C., 90% humidity atmosphere for 40 days, and the occurrence rate of liquid leakage was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the battery of the present invention that was subjected to the heat treatment after tin plating had a significantly improved liquid leakage resistance as compared with the comparative battery that was not heat-treated.
- the present invention presumes the reason for the re-election as follows.
- a diffusion alloy layer of copper and tin gradually forms at room temperature, but when heated, tin becomes active and forms a diffusion alloy layer rapidly because it becomes a state.
- the alloy composition is composed of Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5, and is extremely insoluble in caustic alkaline electrolyte.Therefore, voids are unlikely to form on the surface of the negative electrode case that comes into contact with the gasket described above. The leakage of the caustic electrolyte can be suppressed.
- the heat-treated negative electrode case is suitable for mass production of coin-type alkaline batteries. If the negative electrode case is stored at room temperature and normal humidity, the total tin plating layer will change to a diffusion alloy layer for 1 to 2 years. It is not suitable for mass production use.
- Negative electrode case 6 Thiickness: 200 im, Composition: Three-layer clad material, Ni (15 ⁇ m) — SUS (15 ⁇ ⁇ m) — Cu (30 ⁇ m)] Copper layer on inner surface Draw in cup shape. Next, degreasing is performed with an alkali-based surfactant, and then co-barreling is performed with a liquid containing an abrasive (a negative electrode case is placed in a barrel, and the negative electrode cases are brought into contact with each other while rotating the barrel. Conditions: Liquid temperature 20 to 30. C, rotation speed 40 times).
- tin plating was performed by an electroless method.
- the solution composition was prepared from a solution containing stannous chloride (130 g / 1), thiourea (1701), sodium hypophosphite (80 g) , tartaric acid (851), and hydrochloric acid (10 cc / 1). 35 ° C) Use a rotating barrel container and process at 50 rpm for 10 minutes. 0.15 jum of tin is plated on the copper layer on the inner surface of the negative electrode case. In the electroless method, tin is not plated on the nickel layer 8 of the negative electrode case.
- the tin plating thickness can be adjusted by adjusting the plating time, and for the purpose of the present invention, 0.1 to 0.25 / m is sufficient, so that the plating thickness range can be finished in 5 to 20 minutes. And it is possible.
- a zinc alloy powder composed of aluminum 30 ppm, bismuth 200 ppm, indium 50 ppm, and the balance zinc was used as the negative electrode active material.
- a so-called silver oxide battery SR 621 using silver oxide was assembled.
- the above zinc alloy powder was used as the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode case was subjected to co-barrel polishing and tin plating.
- the present invention was similarly prepared. From this, 100 samples were withdrawn and stored in a 60 ° C, 90% humidity atmosphere for 40 days, and the incidence of liquid leakage was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the battery of the present invention in which the negative electrode case was polished with the same barrel and then tin-plated, was the comparative battery without the polishing. The result showed that the leakage resistance was significantly improved. Further, the negative electrode case of the present invention can be applied to all button-type alkaline batteries other than silver oxide batteries. 7 Industrial applicability
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96926617A EP0789407A1 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 1996-08-09 | Alkaline cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7/206327 | 1995-08-11 | ||
| JP7206327A JPH0955194A (ja) | 1995-08-11 | 1995-08-11 | アルカリ電池 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997007552A1 true WO1997007552A1 (fr) | 1997-02-27 |
Family
ID=16521470
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1996/002265 Ceased WO1997007552A1 (fr) | 1995-08-11 | 1996-08-09 | Pile alcaline |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0789407A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPH0955194A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1997007552A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2381120A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-04-23 | Wing Kei Ho | A mercury-free alkaline button cell |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4851708B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2012-01-11 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | アルカリ電池及びその製造方法 |
| AU2006242730C1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2011-03-10 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Alkaline cell anode casing |
| CN101536211B (zh) | 2006-11-01 | 2011-12-07 | 永备电池有限公司 | 具有减少的放气的碱性电化学电池 |
| US20080226976A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2008-09-18 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Alkaline Electrochemical Cell with Reduced Gassing |
| DE102010062001A1 (de) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Gehäuse für quecksilberfreie Knopfzellen |
| KR102736185B1 (ko) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-12-03 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 수계 이차전지용 아연 전극, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 수계 이차전지 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0689724A (ja) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ボタン形亜鉛・アルカリ電池 |
| JPH0757717A (ja) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-03-03 | Katayama Tokushu Kogyo Kk | 金属材料板、該金属材料板からなる電池の負極端子板および該端子板の製造方法 |
| JPH0799044A (ja) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-11 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | ボタン型電池用負極缶の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59114751A (ja) * | 1982-12-20 | 1984-07-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ電池用封口板の製造法 |
| JP2963318B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1999-10-18 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | 電池ケース用表面処理鋼板および電池ケース |
-
1995
- 1995-08-11 JP JP7206327A patent/JPH0955194A/ja active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-08-09 EP EP96926617A patent/EP0789407A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-08-09 WO PCT/JP1996/002265 patent/WO1997007552A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0689724A (ja) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ボタン形亜鉛・アルカリ電池 |
| JPH0757717A (ja) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-03-03 | Katayama Tokushu Kogyo Kk | 金属材料板、該金属材料板からなる電池の負極端子板および該端子板の製造方法 |
| JPH0799044A (ja) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-11 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | ボタン型電池用負極缶の製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2381120A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-04-23 | Wing Kei Ho | A mercury-free alkaline button cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0789407A1 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| JPH0955194A (ja) | 1997-02-25 |
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