WO1998024277A1 - Procede et circuits de demarreur pour l'allumage et la mise en oeuvre de lampes a decharges - Google Patents

Procede et circuits de demarreur pour l'allumage et la mise en oeuvre de lampes a decharges Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998024277A1
WO1998024277A1 PCT/IL1997/000379 IL9700379W WO9824277A1 WO 1998024277 A1 WO1998024277 A1 WO 1998024277A1 IL 9700379 W IL9700379 W IL 9700379W WO 9824277 A1 WO9824277 A1 WO 9824277A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
starter
lamp
control unit
voltage
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IL1997/000379
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Pogadaev
Boris Blyashov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JBP TECHNOLOGIES Ltd
Original Assignee
JBP TECHNOLOGIES Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JBP TECHNOLOGIES Ltd filed Critical JBP TECHNOLOGIES Ltd
Priority to AU50658/98A priority Critical patent/AU5065898A/en
Publication of WO1998024277A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998024277A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC, or with network frequencies
    • H05B41/18—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC, or with network frequencies having a starting switch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for igniting a discharge lamp and to a starter unit therefor. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with an electronic starter and control unit, operating in conjunction with a standard ballast to start and control the operation of gas- or vapor-discharge lamps.
  • a spot which is an intensive source of electrons appears on the electrode instantaneously serving as a cathode.
  • the spot always appears on the spiral end of the electrode to which the voltage is supplied. With each starting action of the lamp, the spot moves farther away from the electrode's spiral end, and during operation it moves along the electrode's spiral from its end towards the unburned part of the oxide coating.
  • the cathode spot in its movement along the spiral, reaches approximately its middle. This is caused mainly because during the movement of the spot, voltage drop on the electrode's spiral itself reaches a certain level, and about half of the spiral is not sufficiently heated.
  • the electrode spiral is constantly heated. This is achieved by introducing a transformer into the circuit.
  • the electrodes are connected to the transformer's windings which supply heating current to the electrodes.
  • the lamp is started in the following stages: First, the lamp is switched on, the electrodes are heated, and the voltage is supplied through the ballast.
  • the voltage formed with the participation of the ballast does not exceed 400 N.
  • the lamp can be started only when thermoelectronic emission is sufficiently intensive. In the existing circuits, this process takes about 1 second.
  • the glow discharge phase which is required to achieve sufficient electronic emission, has a negative effect on the electrodes and leads to their fast wear. This phenomenon does not have an explosive character, as it does in instant-start circuits where the lamp is started by applying high voltage to the electrodes without pre-heating, but it still negatively affects the lamp's life.
  • the electrode spiral is overheated, especially in the anode half-cycle. This is because, besides the constant heating of the spiral by the transformer, there is an additional heating by the lamp's current. In cathode half-cycle there is less overheating, due to the cathode cooling by electrons emitted from its surface.
  • the first stage requires pre-heating of electrodes for achieving a sufficiently high thermoelectric emission before supplying the voltage for switching on the lamp, i.e., for ensuring a smooth start.
  • the heating time is set by the starter circuit, on the basis of research for each particular type of lamp.
  • the starting time is optimized, to make the starting maximally pleasant to the user's eye.
  • the cathode spot is also characteristic of this system, however, the electrodes of the present invention are in more favorable conditions, and the cathode spot is less pronounced. This is so since the electrodes serve as cathode and anode alternatively. Measurements of the cathode energy balance show that the largest fraction of energy which heats the cathode comes from the electron collisions in the anode half-cycle.
  • the temperature field of the electrode in the anode half-cycle is symmetrical with respect to the axis passing through the spiral middle and normal to it. As a result, the thermoelectric emission in the cathode half-cycle which is needed to ensure normal lamp operation is provided not only by the emission from the cathode spot, but also from the other heated part of the spiral.
  • the main advantage of the circuit of the present invention is the possibility for the cathode spot to emerge at both spiral ends, because after the electrodes have been pre-heated and the spirals shorted, the two spiral ends are in the same physical state. It means that the formation of the cathode spot during the first starting cycle is equally probable at both ends. In subsequent startings, the location of the cathode spot depends on the degree of burning out of the oxide coating on the spiral ends, on the value of voltage drop on the spiral beginning from its end, and on the temperature of the spiral ends.
  • the cathode spot may appear on one or the other end of the electrode spirals, depending on the above-mentioned factors, and during lamp operation, the cathode spots can be seen as moving from both ends towards the center of the spiral until the oxide coating is completely burned out.
  • the lamp potential is thus fully used, without such negative side effects.
  • the invention achieves the above objectives by providing a method for igniting a discharge lamp of the type connectable across the mains via a ballast, comprising applying to the lamp's electrode spirals pre-heating voltage for a predetermined period of time, short-circuiting the electrode spirals, and applying the mains voltage across the electrodes.
  • the invention further provides a starter and control unit for a gas discharge lamp, having electrode spirals connectable across a mains of an AC power source and operating in conjunction with a standard ballast, said unit comprising a starter unit having circuit means for regulating the starting of the gas discharge lamp in a controlled and timed sequence, said sequence including a pre-heating stage wherein the electrodes of the lamp are heated for a predetermined period of time, an igniting stage wherein said electrode spirals are short-circuited, and a steady-state operation stage in which said electrode spirals remain short-circuited.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a starter and control unit according to the present invention and the manner of interconnecting same;
  • Fig. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a starter and control circuit of a gas discharge lamp according to the present invention for operating a gas discharge lamp with an electromagnetic ballast, and
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the starter and control unit 1 according to the present invention, and the manner in which it is connected, via a ballast 2, to a fluorescent discharge lamp 4 having electrodes 6 and 8.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a detailed circuit diagram of the starter and control unit 1 according to the present invention as connected in a discharge lamp circuit, and a ballast. As seen, electrodes 6 and 8 are bridged by a normally closed switch 10. A protective capacitor 12 is advantageously connected in parallel across the switch 10.
  • a capacitor 14 and rectifier bridge 16 Across the mains terminals P, N are connected a capacitor 14 and rectifier bridge 16, and the output of bridge 16 is connected to electrolytic capacitors 18, 20 and variable resistor 22.
  • a relay 24 operating the switch 10 is also connected to the bridge 16.
  • a relay 26, controlling normally open switches 28, 30 and 32, is connected between the resistor 22, the capacitors 18 and 20, and in turn to the bridge 16.
  • the pattern A of current distribution in the anode half-cycle is depicted adjacent to the lamp electrode 8. As can be seen, the current distribution is evenly distributed about the electrode's entire ends.
  • a first circuit provides pre-heating of the electrodes 6 and 8 in order to achieve a required level of thermoelectric emission.
  • the heating time is set by the RC circuit, consisting of variable resistor 22 and capacitor 20.
  • the second circuit, the control circuit consists of two relays 24 and 26, which are turned on by connecting the low voltage DC power supply provided by rectifying bridge 16 and capacitors 14 and 18 which reduce and rectify the input voltage.
  • relay 26 When voltage is applied to relay 26, the relay's switches 28, 30 and 32 react simultaneously, closing the sections of the circuit to which they are connected, thereby shorting the electrodes 6 and 8; upon closing of switch 28, relay 24 is energized and, in turn, opens switch 10. At this moment, due to the self-induction of ballast 2, an increased voltage is applied to the lamp electrodes 6 and 8 and the lamp is ignited. Current begins to flow in the lamp's circuit and the lamp provides steady illumination.
  • Fig. 3 shows the starter unit 1 according to the present invention, as utilized with, e.g., an electronic ballast using an IR2155 driver.
  • the per se known electronic ballast and driver 34 is connected in a circuit between the starter unit 1 and the lamp's electrodes 6 and 8.
  • the operation of this embodiment is similar to the operation as described hereinbefore with reference to Fig. 2.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant d'allumer une lampe à décharge d'un type raccordé au réseau via un ballast. Ce procédé consiste à appliquer aux électrodes spirales de la lampe une tension de préchauffage pendant un laps de temps déterminé, à court-circuiter les électrodes spirales, et à délivrer aux électrodes (6, 8) une impulsion de tension de démarrage. L'invention concerne également un bloc démarreur et régulateur (1) de lampe à décharge gazeuse (4) pourvue d'électrodes spirales (6, 8), se raccordant au réseau de distribution d'une source de courant alternatif, et fonctionnant en relation avec un ballast standard (2), lequel bloc comporte des organes de régulation du démarrage de la lampe à décharge gazeuse permettant une séquence de démarrage régulée et synchronisée.
PCT/IL1997/000379 1996-11-24 1997-11-20 Procede et circuits de demarreur pour l'allumage et la mise en oeuvre de lampes a decharges Ceased WO1998024277A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU50658/98A AU5065898A (en) 1996-11-24 1997-11-20 Method and starter circuits for igniting and operating discharge lamps

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL119678 1996-11-24
IL11967896A IL119678A (en) 1996-11-24 1996-11-24 Method and starter and control circuits for igniting and operating discharge lamps

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998024277A1 true WO1998024277A1 (fr) 1998-06-04

Family

ID=11069508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL1997/000379 Ceased WO1998024277A1 (fr) 1996-11-24 1997-11-20 Procede et circuits de demarreur pour l'allumage et la mise en oeuvre de lampes a decharges

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5065898A (fr)
IL (1) IL119678A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998024277A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10113903A1 (de) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Wedeco Ag Vorschaltgerät für UV-Strahler sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Desinfektion von Wässern
DE10204432A1 (de) * 2002-02-04 2003-09-11 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co Kg Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Wendelheizung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2151854A1 (de) * 1971-10-19 1973-04-26 Original Hanau Quarzlampen Schaltanordnung fuer elektrodenwendel von entladungslampen
EP0519220A1 (fr) * 1991-06-15 1992-12-23 Vossloh Schwabe GmbH Ballast avec temps de chauffage commandé
EP0610998A1 (fr) * 1993-02-08 1994-08-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Ballast pour lampe fluorescente

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2151854A1 (de) * 1971-10-19 1973-04-26 Original Hanau Quarzlampen Schaltanordnung fuer elektrodenwendel von entladungslampen
EP0519220A1 (fr) * 1991-06-15 1992-12-23 Vossloh Schwabe GmbH Ballast avec temps de chauffage commandé
EP0610998A1 (fr) * 1993-02-08 1994-08-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Ballast pour lampe fluorescente

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10113903A1 (de) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Wedeco Ag Vorschaltgerät für UV-Strahler sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Desinfektion von Wässern
WO2002076153A1 (fr) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Wedeco Ag Water Technology Ballast pour emetteur de rayonnement u.v., procede et dispositif de sterilisation des eaux
US6906468B2 (en) 2001-03-21 2005-06-14 Wedeco Ag Water Technology Ballast device for uv radiator and also method and device for disinfecting water
AU2002302455B2 (en) * 2001-03-21 2006-03-16 Xylem Ip Holdings Llc Ballast device for UV emitter and method and device for disinfection of water
DE10204432A1 (de) * 2002-02-04 2003-09-11 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co Kg Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Wendelheizung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL119678A0 (en) 1997-02-18
AU5065898A (en) 1998-06-22
IL119678A (en) 2000-02-17

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