WO1998028672A2 - Appareil et procede d'amelioration de l'utilisation efficace d'une source d'energie - Google Patents

Appareil et procede d'amelioration de l'utilisation efficace d'une source d'energie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998028672A2
WO1998028672A2 PCT/US1997/022825 US9722825W WO9828672A2 WO 1998028672 A2 WO1998028672 A2 WO 1998028672A2 US 9722825 W US9722825 W US 9722825W WO 9828672 A2 WO9828672 A2 WO 9828672A2
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Prior art keywords
circuit
recited
power source
cycle
load
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PCT/US1997/022825
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WO1998028672A3 (fr
Inventor
Edward G. Price
Haynes Ellis, Jr.
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Digital Scientific Inc
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Digital Scientific Inc
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Priority to AU78754/98A priority Critical patent/AU7875498A/en
Publication of WO1998028672A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998028672A2/fr
Publication of WO1998028672A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998028672A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply

Definitions

  • the field of this invention relates to circuits for extending the operating time of batteries. Also, switching circuits for switched power supplies is another related area to the present invention. More particularly, the present invention relates to battery life extension circuits involving selectively switching the battery to a load through specialized circuitry.
  • Battery powered portable power supplies are prevalent and used in many different applications and in connection with a myriad of devices. Typically, such power supplies have a finite amount of power associated therewith due to their portable nature. A common example would be the types and varieties of batteries found in all sorts of consumer electronics, notebook computers, and even automobiles to name just a few applications.
  • a number of trade offs are associated with battery power and other forms of portable power supplies.
  • An important trade off to balance is the energy capacity of a power supply versus its size and weight. Usually, a higher capacity power supply will be larger and heavier than a lower capacity power supply. The added bulk and weight can be a significant disadvantage for the portable applications that such power supplies find their most beneficial use.
  • a prime example is the area of notebook computers, which commonly derive their power from a rechargeable battery, such as a nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydride or similar battery, when a source of line power is not available. Such notebook computers are carried by businessmen between office and home or office and client site and can be used during travel on a commercial aircraft.
  • the consumer desires the longest possible battery life (sometimes referred to herein as the "operating time" of a battery) in order to maximize the length of time the computer or other device can be used.
  • the longest possible battery life is a similarly important, so as to obtain the longest service from a battery before it has to be replaced.
  • notebook computers commonly include power management circuitry that turns off computer display, hard drive motors, etc., when the computer has been inactive for a pre-deterrnined period of time, circuitry to reduce power to the microprocessor and other circuitry when inactive for a certain amount of time, display blanking circuitry for computer inactivity, development of semiconductor devices that require very little power to operate effectively, etc.
  • this type of approach also introduces significant inconveniences to the user.
  • many of the solutions in this area are specific to the particular battery operated device and are not readily transferred from one device to the next.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,023,068 to Harvey discloses a battery life extending circuitry for a photo-flash wherein a monitor circuit couples the battery to a charging circuit when the charge on the firing capacitor is below a predetermined level and, conversely, decouples the battery from the charging circuit when the charge on the firing capacitor is above a predetermined level.
  • U. S . Patent No. 5,101,335 to Ludden et al discloses a DC-to-DC converter which is operated using coupled inductor current sensing and a predetermined ON time so that optimum performance of a low level voltage DC power source and the converter is achieved.
  • the circuit includes a switching means for selectively interrupting the current flow through the primary winding of the inductor.
  • the circuit also includes means for sensing the current in the secondary winding of the inductor and reactivating the switching means whenever the current in the secondary winding falls below a predetermined level.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,130,780 to Ban et al discloses selective connection and disconnection of the battery from the load through the use of an electro-mechanical switching means which disconnects the battery from the charging circuit after a predetermined time interval.
  • U. S. Patent No. 5,528,087 to Sibata et al discloses a power supply for hand-held electronic devices with volatile memory, which combines a battery, diode and charge capacitor. While the device is on, the battery charges the capacitor.
  • 5,387,820 to Imagawa discloses a power management circuit which compares a battery voltage with a reference voltage and automatically switches the power sources to a battery or a step up circuit output when the battery voltage is higher or lower, respectively, than the reference voltage. What is needed is a relatively simple and inexpensive circuit that will significantly improve the utilization of any battery as it applies to a given system load, regardless of type or chemistry of the battery, and that is readily adaptable to provide the voltages and power consumption requirements of a wide variety of applications.
  • the invention combines a tuned RLC circuit with multiple high side switching circuitry to selectively connect and disconnect the battery from the load at precise intervals so as to utilize the energy stored in the circuit components to sustain the current during the period when the battery is removed from the circuit.
  • the tuned circuit has a capacitor and an inductor in series with the load to be powered by the power supply.
  • the circuit has a resonant frequency / admir and thus a cycle period T 0 , which is determined by the particular values of the capacitor and inductor.
  • a switchable isolation path is provided to complete the circuit when the power supply is switched out of the circuit to keep current flowing to the load in an uninterrupted manner. Switching of the isolation path and the power supply into the energy extension circuit is accomplished through high speed switching devices.
  • the battery is connected to the load during the first portion of each half cycle between time t 0 and time t x and is disconnected from the load each half cycle between time t, and time TJ2.
  • the capacitor is charged to a pre-defined reference voltage.
  • the capacitor voltage aids the battery voltage in the circuit.
  • the circuit receives a "boost" when the stored energy is at its maximum so that a relatively small amount of energy from the battery is required to provide the momentum necessary to maintain the current through each half cycle.
  • the switching circuit then reverses the polarity of the battery, which in turn reverses the charge on the capacitor, and the process is repeated.
  • the tuned circuit produces a near sinusoidally shaped AC output current, which effectively passes an amount of energy to the load that is equal to several times the amount of energy drawn from the battery.
  • the present invention extends the life of a power source by connecting a battery or other power supply to the tuned circuit, and thus the load, for only a fraction of the total cycle time of the circuit that transmits the energy to the load.
  • the battery or power supply is only depleted part of the time while the tuned circuit maintains a constant or appropriate energy transfer to the load itself.
  • Energy is initially placed into the circuit by pre-charging the capacitor using conventional circuitry known in the art and continues reciprocating between the capacitor and inductor while the battery or other power source is disconnected. During this time, the load constantly receives the power necessary for proper operation.
  • the battery adds energy to the tuned circuit in short time intervals, and that energy is dissipated through the load in a more efficient manner thereby extending battery life.
  • the battery aids or boosts the energy in the circuit to compensate for energy dissipated in the load and gains an efficiency of transfer through the circuit so that less energy is required from the battery itself to power the same level of load.
  • the present invention also effectively functions as a digital power converter, converting the supply voltage from a DC voltage input to an AC output voltage.
  • the AC output can then be used directed to power a given load or, if DC voltage is required, can be passed through a rectifier bridge and related circuitry before being applied to the load.
  • Figure 1 is a functional block diagram, graphically illustrating the present invention and showing a battery, a tuned circuit, a circuit for pre-charging the capacitor in the tuned circuit, logic circuitry for operating the switches of the tuned circuit, and the load that will draw or dissipate energy from the battery through the tuned circuit;
  • Figure 2 is circuit diagram, modeling the tuned circuit, the battery, and the load in more detail
  • Figures 3 A to 3D are circuit diagrams of the circuit illustrated in Figure 2, showing the operation of the tuned circuit with the various conductive paths, which are shown in bold, that are presented during operation of the present invention
  • Figures 4A-4D are circuit diagrams that model the equivalent circuits corresponding to Figures 3A-3D, respectively, and which show the direction of current flow and the polarity of the capacitor voltage across the capacitor;
  • Figure 5 is a set of graphs illustrating the voltage across the capacitor, the current through the load, the battery voltage as contributed to the tuned circuit, and the switch statuses for each of the six switches (all of the foregoing relationships being expressed in terms of the period of the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit);
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a simplified model of the tuned circuit
  • Figure 7 provides graphs of the current through the load and voltage across the capacitor during one-half cycle of operation of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the current through the load during one complete cycle of operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a detailed circuit diagram of one presently preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • the circuit of the present invention 10 consists generally of a tuned circuit 12, a battery 14, a load 16, a logic circuit 18, and a pre-charging circuit 20.
  • battery 14 provides power to all of the other modules of the present invention.
  • the present invention is readily adaptable to be used with any type of conventional battery or voltage source currently available and, as discussed in more detail below, will significantly extend the effective life or operating time of the battery 14.
  • operating time as it relates to a battery shall mean the amount of time that a given battery provides power to a given load between the time the battery is in a fully charged condition and the time the battery is fully discharged.
  • the tuned circuit has a capacitor and an inductor in series with the load to be powered by the voltage source. Furthermore, a switchable isolation path is provided to complete the circuit when the voltage source is switched out of the circuit to keep current flowing to the load in an uninterrupted manner. Switching of the isolation path and the voltage source into the tuned circuit is accomplished through high speed switching devices.
  • the tuned circuit 12 consists of a capacitor C l5 an inductor L j and a resistor R x (which may comprise or include load 16).
  • the tuned circuit also includes six switches S1-S6 interposed between the various circuit elements, which operate under the control of logic circuit 18, to reconfigure the conduction path of the circuit at predetermined time intervals during operation of the circuit and to selectively connect and disconnect battery 14 from the load 16 at precise intervals so as to utilize the energy stored in the circuit components to sustain the current during the period when battery 14 is removed from the circuit.
  • battery 14 is connected to the load 16 during the first portion of each half cycle between time t 0 and ti and is disconnected from the load 16 each half cycle between time ⁇ and T Q /2.
  • pre- charging circuit 20 Prior to initial operation, pre- charging circuit 20 is used to charge capacitor to a pre-defined initial voltage. Between time t 0 and t 1; the voltage across capacitor C, aids the voltage V B of battery 14 in the circuit. At that point, the tuned circuit will have energy stored therein in capacitor and inductor Lj as represented by the standard energy equations: and
  • switching circuit 18 then reverses the polarity of battery 14, which in turn reverses the charge on capacitor C and the process is repeated.
  • the present invention extends the life of a power source by connecting a battery 14 or other voltage source to the circuit for only a fraction of the total cycle time of the circuit that transmits the energy to the load 16.
  • battery 16 or other voltage source is only depleted part of the time while the tuned circuit maintains a constant or appropriate energy transfer to the load itself.
  • the battery adds energy to the circuit 12 in short time intervals that is dissipated through the load in a more efficient manner, thereby extending battery life.
  • the battery aids or boosts the energy in the circuit to compensate for energy dissipated in the load and gains an efficiency of transfer through the circuit so that less energy is required from the battery itself to power the same level of load.
  • the present invention functions as a digital power converter, converting the DC voltage supplied by battery 14 to an AC output. The AC output can then be used to power a given load 16 or, if DC voltage is required, can be passed through a rectifier circuit and related circuitry before being applied to the load 16.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified circuit model consisting of the tuned circuit 12, the battery 14 and the load 16.
  • load 16 is represented by a resistor R l7 depicting a fully resistive load
  • the load 16 may be of any type and may have other components rather than being purely resistive.
  • a resistive load is shown for simplicity in explaining the operation of the circuit and for being representative of a common load element.
  • Electrically coupled in series with resistor R x are capacitor C, and inductor L j .
  • a pair of diodes D x and D 2 are connected in parallel with the series connection of resistor R 1?
  • a first pair of switches S 1 and S2 are coupled in parallel between the positive terminal of battery 14 and the passive components of the circuit as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • a second pair of switches are coupled in parallel between the negative terminal of battery 14 and the passive components of the circuit.
  • a third pair of switches S5 and S6 are provided, with switch S5 being coupled in series with diode D l5 and switch S6 being coupled in series with diode D 2 .
  • switches S 1-S6 and diodes Dj and D 2 operate in conjunction to provide alternate conduction paths to complete the circuit to allow current to flow through the circuit, and hence through the load 16, at all times during the operation of the circuit.
  • the timing at which switches S1-S6 open and close during operation of the circuit is controlled by logic circuit 18.
  • Switches S1-S6 can be constructed using standard semiconductors, such as IGFETs or MOSFETs, as well as more rugged componentry, such as SCRs, depending on the requirements and characteristics of the particular implementation. Inherent in all switching are switching times, including rise time, fall time, and delay time. The faster such switching times can be made, the more efficient the operation of the present invention. Switches S1-S6 are represented more conveniently in the form shown in Figure 2 rather than as discreet electronic components and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the particular construction of the switches is not particularly significant as long as they operate and function as described herein. In effect, switches S1-S4 form a switching matrix situated in series between tuned circuit 12 and battery 14.
  • the switching matrix formed by switches S1-S4 alternately connects battery 14 in series with tuned circuit 12 for a predetermined portion of each half-cycle and disconnects and isolates battery 14 from tuned circuit 12 during the remainder of each half-cycle.
  • the switching matrix formed by switches S1-S4 reverse the polarity of battery 14 relative to tuned circuit 12 during each successive half- cycle.
  • switch S5 and diode Dl, and switch S6 and diode D2 form a pair of switched shunts that are connected in parallel with tuned circuit 12. As will be discussed in more detail below, these shunts are used to provide alternate conduction paths for the tuned circuit for those portions of each half cycle during which battery 14 is disconnected and isolated from tuned circuit 12.
  • Figures 3 A-3D illustrate and highlight the circuit appearance and associated conduction paths as switches S1-S6 are opened and closed at various times under the direction of logic circuit 18.
  • Figures 4A-4D illustrate the equivalent circuits corresponding to Figures 3 A-3D, respectively.
  • Figure 5 provides a timing diagram, graphically illustrating (beginning from the top to the bottom of Figure
  • capacitor C j Once capacitor C j is pre-charged, the circuit is switched on by closing switches SI and S3 from time t 0 to time t,. Closing switches SI and S3 forms the circuit shown in bold in Figure 3A and the equivalent circuit as shown in Figure 4A.
  • battery 14 is connected in series with capacitor C, aids in supplying a voltage V B having the same polarity as the voltage across capacitor C This results in a current I R flowing through the circuit along the conduction path shown in bold in Figure 3 A.
  • capacitor C r begins to discharge such that the voltage across capacitor C, begins to drop.
  • the voltage V c across capacitor Cl and the current I R through resistor are graphically represented in Figures 5A and 5B, respectively.
  • Switch S6 is also closed with switches S 1 and S3 between times t 0 and t 1; but does not provide a conductive path due to the diode D 2 .
  • switches SI and S3 are placed in the open position by logic circuit 18, thereby foirning the circuit as shown in Figure 3B and the equivalent circuit of Figure 4B.
  • This internal closed and isolated circuit remains in place from time t x to time TQ/2.
  • the battery is isolated from, and provides no power to, the circuit.
  • capacitor C 1 continues to discharge, providing additional power to the circuit.
  • inductor L x attempts to maintain the current in the circuit.
  • the current I R continues to build and flow through the circuit in the same direction, as shown by arrow 60 in Figure 3B, without the aid of battery 14.
  • logic circuit 18 causes switch S6 to open and causes switches S2, S4, and S5 to close, resulting in the circuit path as shown in bold in Figure 3C with equivalent circuit model shown in Figure 4C.
  • the circuit remains in this configuration from time ⁇ J2 until time t 2 .
  • switches S2 and S4 closed, battery 14 is once again coupled to, and supplies power to, the circuit and again aids capacitor C j which is now in a different polarity (negative).
  • switch S5 is also closed, no current flows through that circuit path due to diode D and, consequently, it has no appreciable effect on the circuit between time T ( 2 and time t 2 .
  • battery 14 is connected in series with capacitor C, and aids in supplying a voltage V B having the same polarity as the voltage across capacitor C,. This results in a current I R flowing through the circuit along the conduction path shown in bold in Figure 3C. As current begins to flow through the circuit, capacitor C, begins to discharge such that the voltage across capacitor begins to drop.
  • the voltage V c across capacitor and the current I R through resistor are graphically represented in Figures 5 A and 5B, respectively.
  • the cycle repeats itself and maintains the energy initially placed into the tuned circuit on the pre-charged capacitor and provides a current flow through the load R,.
  • the present invention essentially functions as a digital power converter, converting the DC power supplied by battery 14 into an AC voltage source. It should also be apparent that, while not specifically shown in the drawing, the resulting AC power output could readily be passed through a bridge rectifier and related circuitry before being applied to a DC load.
  • the time interval between time tj and time t 0 is equal to T Q /8.
  • the time interval between time ⁇ J2 and time t 2 is equal to T Q /8.
  • switches S1-S6 are controlled and coordinated by logic circuit 18.
  • Logic circuit 18 can be implemented in any number of ways well within the knowledge of those skilled in the art and, therefore, will not be discussed in detail. Suffice it to say that standard logic components may be used to create four control outputs, one each to control switches SI and S3, S2 and S4, S5, and S6, respectively, by generating control pulses having the shape and timing illustrated in Figures 5D through 5G.
  • L x and C x should be chosen such that their resonant frequency f is such that the corresponding period T 0 , which is equal to l// 0 , is sufficiently long that the switching times (including rise, fall and decay) of switches S1-S6 are insignificant compared to the period T 0 .
  • the values of L x and C x can be determined.
  • a convenient value of capacitor C is selected.
  • Capacitor Cj is preferably a nonpolarized, very low loss type capacitor, such as a polypropylene capacitor.
  • the value of inductor L j can then be determined from the following relationship:
  • the Q value should preferably be sufficiently low to provide a relatively wide operating range of load resistance values, yet should at least be greater than 0.5.
  • the Q value of an inductor is defined to be the ratio of the amount of energy stored in the system to the amount of energy lost (to the load resistance).
  • resistor R x must be such that the system is underdamped, as demanded by the value of Q to be greater than 0.5.
  • V B will be disconnected, so for the duration of the half period, I(s) will equal (V c /s)/(R, + l/ s + Ljs), where V c will continue with the initial condition of voltage, namely that value V co at the instant of the disconnection of the battery voltage, as depicted in Figure 7.
  • the capacitor voltage will reverse polarity at approximately T Q /4 and will be opposite in magnitude at T, 2, relative to its value at initiation.
  • T Q 2 the battery V B is again connected in the opposite direction, so that the battery, along with V c aiding, can repeat the process just described.
  • the stored energy V2 C X V C 2 is transported through the series connected to load R, to the inductor L 1; which develops a stored energy value V2 Ljl 2 .
  • the energy dissipated in ⁇ is equal to I 2 R j t. Because the Law of Conservation of Momentum applies in this case, the total energy stored (or that from momentum) in three quarters of each half cycle ⁇ e.g., between T Q /8 and T Q /2, and between 5T, 8 and T 0 ) is available to be directed through the load R x , which is in series, and intercepting the current i(t).
  • the battery voltage V B is applied, having sufficient energy to keep the system in equilibrium, without decay.
  • the term "energy ratio” means the total amount of energy delivered to the load (the energy contributed by the battery plus the energy extracted from the other circuit components) in comparison to the amount of energy contributed by the battery alone.
  • the mean value of current (assuming a peak of amplitude of 1) is first determined.
  • the normalized mean value is determined from the following formula:
  • the ratio value above assumes a pure sine wave and no other losses (such as switching).
  • the wave in fact, is modified slightly by an exponential coefficient e ⁇ t .
  • e ⁇ t an exponential coefficient
  • circuit 10 is one particular implementation of the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the circuit shown in Figure 9 and discussed below is provided merely by way of a representative example of one particular implementation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Following the methodology for implementing a circuit for a specific application in accordance with the present invention, the circuit illustrated in Figure 9 is based on a power requirement of 25 watts and a full cycle period T 0 equal to 1 millisecond.
  • the major functional components of circuit 10 are identified with dashed blocks, which correspond to the functional blocks contained in the block diagram illustrated in Figure 1. Thus, circuit 10 consists primarily of tuned circuit 12, battery 14, load 16, logic circuit
  • Circuit 10 also has an operational amplifier U j and associated components R 2 and C 2 .
  • Operational amplifier U is configured, and the values of R 2 and C 2 are selected, so that operational amplifier ⁇ J 1 outputs a square wave having a frequency equal to 4 times the resonant frequency f 0 of tuned circuit 12.
  • R 2 is preferably 1 k ⁇ and C 2 is preferably 0.001 ⁇ F.
  • the output of operational amplifier U j is coupled to, and provides an input signal to both logic circuit 18 and pre-charging circuit 20.
  • Logic circuit 18 and pre-charging circuit 20 are actually coupled to the output of operational amplifier U x through switch S7, which, in this particular implementation, is a manual multiple pole, double throw switch.
  • Logic circuit 18 provides four outputs, graphically represented at connectors W, X, Y and Z, which are coupled to switches SI and S3, S2 and S4, S5, and S6, respectively. More specifically, logic circuit 18 converts the input signal received from operational amplifier U, into: a first output W, which has a waveform of that illustrated in Figure 5D and which is coupled to and controls the operation of switches SI and S3; a second output X, which has a waveform of that illustrated in Figure 5E and which is coupled to and controls the operation of switches S2 and S4; a third output Y, which has a waveform of that illustrated in Figure 5F and which is coupled to and controls the operation of switch S5; and a fourth output Z, which has a waveform of that illustrated in Figure 5G and which is coupled to and controls the operation of switch S6.
  • switches S1-S6 were selected for use as switches S1-S6.
  • switches S1-S6 can be constructed using any standard semiconductors, such as IGFETs or MOSFETs, as well as more rugged componentry, such as SCRs, depending on the requirements and characteristics of the particular implementation. Inherent in all switching are switching times, including rise time, fall time, and delay time. The faster such switching times can be made, the more efficient the operation of the present invention.
  • Pre-charging circuit 20 is made up of a transistor Q l5 a transformer T 1; rectifier bridge RBj, resistors R,, R 5 and Rg, and diode D 3 .
  • the component values used in pre-charging circuit 20 are preferably as follows: Q, is an NPN type transistor, transformer T x is a 10: 1 transformer, rectifier bridge RBj is 2 amp standard type rectifier bridge, resistor R 3 is lOk ⁇ , resistor R 4 is 300 ⁇ , R 5 is 480 k ⁇ , and Rg is 2.2 k ⁇ , and D 3 is a fast recovery type rectifier, such as MUR160.
  • switch S7 When switch S7 is positioned in the middle position, the output of operational amplifier U x is coupled through resistor R 3 to the base of, and drives transistor Q x . Placement of switch S7 in the middle position also couples one side of resistor R 4 to battery 14, which supplies a voltage V B to pre-charging circuit 20, and also couples the output of pre-charging circuit O and O' to opposite sides of capacitor C,.
  • Tuned circuit 12 consists of the load 16, which in this case as modeled as resistor R x , capacitor C x , inductor L x , switches S1-S6, diodes D x and D 2 .
  • Capacitors C 3 and C 4 are also provided to filter out transients, and rectifiers D 4 and D 5 are used to couple tuned circuit 12 to battery supply 14.
  • Resistor R 7 , diode D 6 and capacitor C 4 are also provided to isolate tuned circuit 12 from pre-charging circuit 20.
  • capacitors C 3 and C 4 are preferably 0.01 ⁇ F and 0.1 ⁇ F, respectively, rectifiers D 4 and D 5 are preferably fast recovery type rectifiers, such as MUR160, resistor R 7 is preferably 82 ⁇ , and diode D 6 is preferably a fast recovery type rectifier, such as MUR160.
  • the values of resistor R x , capacitor C x and inductor L x depend on the requirements of the particular application. In this particular implementation of the present invention, the following selections were made: the power requirements were assumed not to exceed 25 watts, the full cycle period was selected to be equal to 1 millisecond, and a convenient value of 3 ⁇ F was selected for capacitor C x .
  • resistor R x and inductor L x can be calculated in the manner described above, which results in a value for resistor R x equal to 10.58 ⁇ and a value for inductor L x of 8.4 mH with a Q value of 5.
  • the circuit operates generally in the manner previously described.
  • Switches S 1 -S6 are coupled to, and their operation is controlled and coordinated by, logic circuit 18 through control lines W-Z.
  • battery 14 delivers power to the circuit and the load only for one-fourth of each half-cycle; the power for the circuit, including the load, being derived for the remainder of each half-cycle from the energy stored in capacitor C x and inductor L x
  • the present invention reduces the power drawn from battery 14 by a factor of approximately 6, thereby extending the effective life or operating time of battery 14.
  • circuit 10 converts the DC input from battery 14 to a sinusoidal AC output to drive the load 16.
  • the present invention provides a relatively simple and inexpensive circuit that will significantly prolong the operating time of any battery, regardless of type or chemistry, and that is readily adaptable to provide the voltages and power consumption requirements of a wide variety of applications.
  • Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be embodied in many other forms, and the scope of the invention is intended to include all equivalent circuits and implementations, whether implemented in analog or digital form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un circuit permettant de prolonger la durée de vie d'une pile. Une source d'énergie, généralement une pile ou autre source de tension portable, est connectée de manière cyclique à un circuit accordé comprenant une charge. Le circuit comprend un élément destiné à commuter la source de tension dans et en dehors du circuit. Cet élément de commutation crée également une voie de conduction alternée durant la période où la source de tension n'est pas connectée au circuit de sorte que le courant, et par conséquent l'énergie, puisse s'écouler dans la charge. De cette manière, la pile est réellement en utilisation durant de brefs intervalles de temps tandis que la charge reçoit du circuit une alimentation en énergie constante.
PCT/US1997/022825 1996-12-13 1997-12-12 Appareil et procede d'amelioration de l'utilisation efficace d'une source d'energie Ceased WO1998028672A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU78754/98A AU7875498A (en) 1996-12-13 1997-12-12 Apparatus and method for improving the efficient utilization of a po wer source

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76416796A 1996-12-13 1996-12-13
US08/764,167 1996-12-13

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WO1998028672A2 true WO1998028672A2 (fr) 1998-07-02
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1672763A1 (fr) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-21 Luxon Energy Devices Corporation Dispositif et méthode d'allimentation utilisant commutation de polartié mutuelle
WO2018068523A1 (fr) * 2016-10-12 2018-04-19 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 Procédé et circuit de gestion de batterie, procédé et circuit d'égalisation, et dispositif rechargeable

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1672763A1 (fr) * 2004-12-07 2006-06-21 Luxon Energy Devices Corporation Dispositif et méthode d'allimentation utilisant commutation de polartié mutuelle
US7085123B2 (en) 2004-12-07 2006-08-01 Luxon Energy Devices Corporation Power supply apparatus and power supply method
WO2018068523A1 (fr) * 2016-10-12 2018-04-19 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 Procédé et circuit de gestion de batterie, procédé et circuit d'égalisation, et dispositif rechargeable

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AU7875498A (en) 1998-07-17

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