WO1999059191A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trocknung von photoresistschichten - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trocknung von photoresistschichten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999059191A2 WO1999059191A2 PCT/DE1999/001485 DE9901485W WO9959191A2 WO 1999059191 A2 WO1999059191 A2 WO 1999059191A2 DE 9901485 W DE9901485 W DE 9901485W WO 9959191 A2 WO9959191 A2 WO 9959191A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- drying
- radiation source
- substrate
- photoresist
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/06—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting, marking, testing or measuring
- H10P72/0602—Temperature monitoring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/04—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H10P72/0431—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H10P72/0436—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by radiation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for drying photoresist layers, in particular for microsystem and precision engineering.
- Photoresists are customized multicomponent systems that are used to manufacture microelectronic components,
- the photoresists are multicomponent systems which consist of a polymeric binder, a photoactive component and a solvent mixture. Determined the polymeric binder the physical
- the photoactive component acts on the photochemical process, and the solvent mixture influences the behavior of the resist system during the drying process.
- the solvent mixture is composed in such a way that it contains a solvent which has a high vapor pressure in order to accelerate or promote the expulsion of the solvent mixture from the photoresist during the drying process.
- the drying of the photoresist as an immediate precursor before the photolithographic step in the Manufacturing process is considered a very sensitive process step.
- the physical drying of the photoresists must be carried out in such a way that complete removal of the solvent mixture is achieved.
- the resist coating of the wafers is usually carried out on a centrifugal centrifuge at about 5000 min "1.
- the resist thickness generally ranges between 0.5 ⁇ m with flat or leveled surfaces and 2
- the surface is dried on a hot plate at approximately 100 ° C, completely removing the solvent, and then the photoresist is adjusted and exposed in a special disk exposure device.
- the drying time for thicker layers is usually 16 to 20 hours per batch with this conventional technology, so that this represents a bottleneck in the production line.
- EP 0 509 962 A1 discloses a process for drying photopolymers on metallized substrates, in which the layers are dried by means of infrared radiation (IR radiation). This publication deals specifically with the
- drying process should be suitable for different resists of different thicknesses and for different combinations of resist / substrate and should enable the production of masks with high image accuracy.
- the method and the device according to the invention provide an essential technological prerequisite for application in microsystem technology which meets the demand for ever shorter technological processing times for components.
- the method according to the invention opens up the possibility of electroplating micromechanical components true to size and building up multilayer systems on one another.
- the applied photoresist layer is exposed to IR radiation in a vented process chamber, while at the same time the temperature or a temperature-dependent variable in the vicinity of the photoresist layer is measured.
- the output of the IR radiation source is dependent on the measured temperature or temperature-dependent variable (eg electrical resistance) in real time in order to achieve a predetermined temperature profile in the vicinity of the photoresist layer.
- Resist material and the substrate can be selected.
- the space enclosed by the process chamber can be regarded as the surroundings of the photoresist layer. However, a temperature measurement as close as possible to the photoresist layer is preferable.
- the level of the temperature is adjusted according to the selected resist and substrate materials.
- the optimal parameters, ie the level of the temperature and the duration of the irradiation, and a possible change in the temperature over the drying time can be optimally determined by experimental tests. At the level of the temperature, of course, an upper limit must be observed above which the respective photoresist is destroyed.
- the device according to the invention preferably consists of a ventable chamber with an air inlet and an air outlet for removing the solvents emerging from the photoresist.
- a preferably height-adjustable IR emitter is arranged in the chamber above a substrate holder.
- the substrate holder is preferably rotatable and can accommodate several substrates at the same time.
- a temperature measuring sensor detects the temperature during drying.
- a control unit is provided which determines the power of the IR radiator as a function of the measured one Temperature controls so that a predeterminable temperature profile over time can be realized at the measuring point of the temperature sensor.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention for drying photoresist layers
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a predetermined temperature profile over time, which includes a ramp
- FIG. 3 shows an example of an application of the drying method according to the invention for the production of pressure springs of read / write heads for hard disks
- Receiving device for substrates or wafers in the device according to the invention in plan view
- Fig. 5b is a sectional view of a circular
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an IR drying system according to the invention. It essentially consists of three functional parts, the actual furnace (ventable chamber) 1 with a holding option 5 for a defined number of wafers 12 of dimensions 4 "and 6", an IR radiation source 4 with associated power supply unit 9 and the control module 8.
- the control module combines the control hardware and software and the necessary computer technology, which take over the regulation of the power of the IR radiation source.
- the footprint of the entire system is approximately 0.9 m 2 in this example.
- the power consumption of the IR radiation source is 4 kW.
- the power to be absorbed is adjustable from 0 to 100%.
- the detection of temperature is of fundamental importance for controlled process control.
- two different temperature measurement sensors 6, 7 are provided in the present case.
- the two temperature sensors, a pyrometer 7 and a temperature-dependent resistor 6 (PT100) can be used to complement the process.
- other temperature measuring sensors such as thermocouples, can also be used.
- a temperature sensor preferably a PT100, is sufficient to supply the control module 8 with the temperature data or a measurement variable that is in a fixed relation to the temperature.
- a relative measurement of the temperature of the surrounding air or the surrounding gas is carried out in the present device by arranging the temperature sensors below the wafer holder 5. Overall, a temperature measurement is outside the radiation, i.e. out of the range between the IR radiator and the wafer holder.
- an air inlet 2 and an air outlet or exhaust air outlet 3 are provided in the chamber 1.
- a controllable blower 13 is additionally arranged at the air inlet 2.
- the infrared radiation source 4 is height-adjustable via an adjusting device 10 above the rotary holder 5 for the wafers 12 with the applied photoresist layer.
- the IR radiation source 4 can in this case be formed, for example, from a holder for four IR tubes lying parallel next to one another at a distance of approximately 10 cm.
- the radiation source is supplied via an adjustable power supply 9.
- the power of the power supply 9 is regulated by the control unit 8.
- the receiving possibility 12 for wafers is formed by a rotating sample plate, which receives several wafers in a star-shaped arrangement.
- this turntable has a diameter of approximately 40 cm and can rotate at a speed of approximately 1 to 5 min. "1.
- the speed of rotation is likewise specified by the control unit 8.
- the rotation is realized by the motor 11.
- the distance between the IR radiation source and the turntable is about 20 cm in the present case.
- the rotation of the wafers under the radiation source advantageously brings about a uniform drying of the layers on the wafers, it being possible for several wafers to be dried at the same time.
- FIG. 5a An example of a particularly advantageous receiving device for substrates or wafers in the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5a in
- the substrate holder (5) consists of stainless steel and in the present example has six individual holders (14) arranged in a star shape for receiving six wafers (12). Of course, an arrangement with a larger or smaller number of individual holders can also be selected.
- circular rings with a recess (15) are used as a single holder in order to enable the wafers to be deposited into the rings using tweezers.
- the wafers (12) are advantageously only at the edge over a width of approximately 0.5 mm, so that no significant heat transfer to the wafer holder can occur.
- This configuration of the receiving device therefore has the advantage on the one hand that the wafer (with
- Photoresist can be heated more quickly in the IR beam due to a lack of heat transfer to the holder.
- Fig. 5b shows a sectional view of a circular single holder (14) of the receiving device of Fig. 5a.
- the individual holder has a height of approximately 10 mm on the outer circumference.
- the support surface (16) with a support width of the wafers (12) of approximately 0.5 mm can be clearly seen in the sectional view.
- Table 1 shows a list of different carrier substrates on which a 50 ⁇ m thick photoresist layer could be subjected to drying in accordance with the invention.
- Substrate and resist (commercially available under the name AZ 4562 from Hoechst or ma-PlOO from micro resist technology GmbH) as well as different layer thicknesses of the resist, which with the drying parameters specified there, i.e. Lamp power and
- Drying time could be optimally dried.
- the radiator power here refers to the maximum power of the radiation source used here of 4 kW.
- the structure resolution of the masks that can subsequently be produced from the photoresist layers is also specified.
- Silicon wafers with nickel surfaces can be dried with the same parameters.
- the resist thickness in the table is to be regarded as the upper limit. Thinner layers can be dried in a shorter time.
- FIG. 4 An example of a generated structure, which could be produced using the mask produced from a photoresist layer dried according to the invention, is shown in FIG. 4.
- a 60 ⁇ m thick photoresist layer was IR-dried using the method according to the invention, a mask was produced therefrom by means of photolithography and electroplated with nickel.
- the thickness of the webs shown in the micrograph is approximately 20 ⁇ m.
- the main areas of application for IR drying are high-viscosity and high-resolution photoresists. These are mainly exposed with contact imagesetters. Contact platesetters work according to the shadow casting principle.
- the mask structure is transferred 1: 1 into the resist. This means that the resolution of the lithography correlates with the distance from the mask to the photoresist.
- the resist surface After IR drying, the resist surface must therefore be as flat as possible so that there is a small distance from the lithography mask. However, this is offset by the formation of an edge bead when the resist is spun on and a bubble formation when drying.
- the cause of the bead is the surface tension from the resist to the substrate and the high viscosity.
- spin-on coating process
- resist is applied to the center of the wafer and the wafer is set in rotation.
- a resist layer of different thickness forms.
- An excess of resist remains on the edge of the wafer, which contracts to form a bead.
- the bead can be removed by a solvent spinning process.
- the photoresist is kept sufficiently liquid, for example by a continuous increase in temperature during drying, so that the gas formed can still leave the resist surface. It is important that the temperature increases at the end of drying.
- the resist remains sufficiently viscous, although solvent evaporates continuously.
- a temperature curve for suppressing the formation of bubbles is shown in FIG. 3 as a function of time.
- the temperatures for the constant temperature range and the maximum temperature at the end of the temperature curve are, for example, 90 and 105 ° C. However, these depend on the resist materials to be dried.
- This driving of a temperature ramp can be easily implemented with the device according to the invention on the basis of the control unit 8 in connection with the temperature sensors and the regulation of the IR radiation source. This is particularly advantageous because the tendency to form bubbles increases with increasing thickness of the photoresist layer to be dried.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B Such a manufacturing process, during which IR drying according to the invention takes place, is shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- a silicon wafer (4 "or 10 cm in diameter) serves as the carrier substrate.
- a metallic layer which functions as a galvanic starting layer, is applied to this substrate.
- Photoresist is then spun on (step no. 3), dried according to the invention (step No. 4), exposed and developed, the micro spring is now created by galvanically filling the lacquer structure, and finally the micro spring is detached from the silicon substrate by two etching processes.
- an IR radiation source with a power of 4 kW was used in each case.
- the maximum of the IR radiation is about 2.6 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000548909A JP2002515646A (ja) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | フォトレジスト層を乾燥するための方法及び装置 |
| EP99936266A EP1145284A3 (de) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trocknung von photoresistschichten |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19821237A DE19821237C1 (de) | 1998-05-12 | 1998-05-12 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Photoresistschichten |
| DE19821237.2 | 1998-05-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999059191A2 true WO1999059191A2 (de) | 1999-11-18 |
| WO1999059191A3 WO1999059191A3 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
Family
ID=7867509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1999/001485 Ceased WO1999059191A2 (de) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-05-12 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trocknung von photoresistschichten |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1145284A3 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002515646A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19821237C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1999059191A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118689038A (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-09-24 | 西北工业大学 | 大幅面高深微纳结构制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4926567A (en) * | 1985-07-04 | 1990-05-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process and apparatus for drying coated web |
| JPS6370940A (ja) * | 1986-09-11 | 1988-03-31 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | レジスト原盤の熱処理装置 |
| JPS63221618A (ja) * | 1987-03-10 | 1988-09-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | レジスト加熱装置 |
| DE4004511A1 (de) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-08-22 | Hoechst Ag | Vorrichtung zum einbrennen von lichtempfindlichen schichten waehrend der herstellung von druckformen |
| EP0509962A1 (de) * | 1991-04-15 | 1992-10-21 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellung einer dünnen photographisch aufzeichnenden Beschichtung auf einem metallbeschichteten Substrat |
| JPH05251333A (ja) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-09-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体製造装置および処理方法 |
| US5540782A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1996-07-30 | Tokyo Electron Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat treating apparatus having heat transmission-preventing plates |
| DE19516193A1 (de) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-16 | Schaefer Hans Juergen | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Leiterplatten, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Multi-Chip-Modulen |
| US5705232A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1998-01-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | In-situ coat, bake and cure of dielectric material processing system for semiconductor manufacturing |
-
1998
- 1998-05-12 DE DE19821237A patent/DE19821237C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-12 JP JP2000548909A patent/JP2002515646A/ja active Pending
- 1999-05-12 WO PCT/DE1999/001485 patent/WO1999059191A2/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-12 EP EP99936266A patent/EP1145284A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118689038A (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-09-24 | 西北工业大学 | 大幅面高深微纳结构制造方法 |
| CN118689038B (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2025-01-28 | 西北工业大学 | 大幅面高深微纳结构制造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1145284A2 (de) | 2001-10-17 |
| WO1999059191A3 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
| JP2002515646A (ja) | 2002-05-28 |
| DE19821237C1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
| EP1145284A3 (de) | 2002-09-11 |
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