WO2002000810A1 - Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwelgas - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwelgas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002000810A1 WO2002000810A1 PCT/AT2001/000199 AT0100199W WO0200810A1 WO 2002000810 A1 WO2002000810 A1 WO 2002000810A1 AT 0100199 W AT0100199 W AT 0100199W WO 0200810 A1 WO0200810 A1 WO 0200810A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- screw
- smoldering
- carbonization
- conveyor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for producing carbonization gas, with at least one carbonization chamber, which has an inlet side and an outlet side, and in which a device for mechanically moving the carbonization material is provided.
- a large number of devices and methods are known for producing an energetically usable gas from biomass, for example wood chips and other waste, the biomass becoming carbonized and the carbonization gas being further processed in a fixed or fluidized bed.
- the smoldering material as described, for example, in WO 95/21903, sinks under the force of gravity, it being able to be moved mechanically if necessary.
- the invention improves the carbonization of the biomass in that the device for mechanically moving the carbonization material is designed as a conveyor device from the inlet side to the outlet side of the carbonization chamber.
- the smoldering material is not only constantly in motion, but is actively conveyed further, so that the smoldering chamber can be arranged in any desired orientation.
- the smoldering chamber can rise at an angle of approximately 60 °.
- the increasing direct current of carbonization material and carbonization gas makes it possible for the carbonization gas to be further processed, for example in a fluidized bed process, in a reaction chamber attached directly to the outlet end of the carbonization chamber. This eliminates the need for pipes and conveyors between the individual chambers.
- the conveying device has a driven shaft, on which spaced-apart vanes are provided, between which comminution internals protrude from the housing.
- This design makes it possible to smolder raw materials that tend to fuse and clump together when heated.
- the smeared mass is crushed and ground during the smoldering and conveying process between the rotating blades and the shredding structures.
- the wings are preferred in four Screw lines are arranged on the shaft, and are optionally adjustable in angle.
- the comminution structures are formed in particular by rings of four to eight knives or the like protruding radially inwards from the smoldering chamber wall, which are preferably adjustable.
- the conveyor device that transports and loosens up the carbonized material has at least one conveyor screw.
- the smoldering chamber is preferably a hollow body adapted to the screw conveyor. This means that a hollow cylindrical smoldering chamber is provided in the case of a cylindrical screw and that in the case of a frustoconical screw the smoldering chamber has approximately the shape of a hollow truncated cone.
- the conveying of the smoldering material by means of a screw conveyor enables advantageous influences on the smoldering process and the gasification residues if the screw conveyor has a driven shaft and at least two screw sections arranged one behind the other, since this allows each screw section to be assigned its own process or treatment characteristics in the smoldering chamber.
- comminution internals fixed to the housing are provided at least at the end of the first screw section. The gasification residues are broken down into smaller particles by the shredder internals, which are then taken over by the following section of the screw. This is followed by further smoldering and degassing of the crushed particles.
- Comminution internals can also be provided at the end of the second or a possible third screw section. These crushing internals are also formed, in particular, by a ring of four to eight knives or the like protruding radially inwards from the smoldering chamber wall, which are preferably adjustable.
- the screw sections have different pitches, for example the first screw section having a smaller pitch and the second or subsequent screw section having a larger pitch. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if at least one screw section is axially displaceable, so that the running play of the screw can be adapted to the requirements and jamming and fixing of the screw can be prevented. Due to the (very slow) rotation of the conveyor, the carbonization gas that flows continuously flows around the carbonization material, so that the heat exchange between solid and gaseous substances is improved.
- this effect can be increased further if the shaft is hollow and has radial outlet openings. Thermal energy can also be supplied to the smeared mass from the inside through the outlet openings when hot air or hot fuel gas is introduced into the hollow shaft. As a result, the threshold power can also be increased significantly without the pressure loss via the conveyor also being increased.
- the conveying device is preferably mounted on the outside on the lower entry side and also on the upper exit side of the smoldering chamber, so that the storage area can be shielded from the temperature of the smoldering chamber.
- the reaction chamber connected directly to the outlet side is arranged laterally offset from the screw conveyor.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a first embodiment
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a second embodiment
- Fig. 3 shows a section along the line III-III of Fig. 2
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic partial longitudinal section through a third embodiment
- the device according to the invention is part of a system for converting the gasifiable constituents present in biomass into an energetically usable gas, in which the energy stored in the biomass is contained except for small, process-related losses.
- the plant comprises a smoldering chamber 4, in which the swelling takes place, and a subsequent reaction chamber 20 for fluidized bed gasification of the smoldered charcoal.
- the raw material for example wood chips, shredded biomass waste, etc.
- the raw material passes through a hopper 1 with a feed lock 2 into a downpipe 3, which can be heated in particular.
- the two gates of the feed lock 2, which only open alternately, can ensure that the feed area to the smoldering chamber 4 is always filled with raw material, but no gas can escape via the raw material supply.
- the downpipe leading into the smoldering chamber 4 can be heated from the outside, for example by hot engine exhaust gases, in order to increase the gasification efficiency.
- the smoldering chamber 4, in which the charring takes place at approximately 600 ° C., is preferably formed by a cylindrical tube, the jacket of which is provided with thermal insulation 5.
- the smoldering chamber 4 contains a conveying device for the smoldering material between the inlet side 6 at the bottom, at which the downpipe 3 opens, to the outlet side 7 at the top.
- the conveyor is by Conveyor screw 8 is formed, which has a shaft 11 axially penetrating the smoldering chamber 4, which is supported on the lower end face in a heat-protected outer bearing 13 and is connected to a drive motor 12 via a transmission.
- the screw conveyor 8 is divided in particular into screw sections 9, with comminution fittings 15 being provided in the region of the interruption, which, as shown in more detail in FIG. 3, consist of a ring of, for example, six knives or the like. exist, each extending radially from the jacket to the shaft 11.
- the screw conveyor 8 can have a construction that can be dismantled into several parts, the individual parts only being able to be plugged onto one another and being retained by the dead weight.
- the screw conveyor fills the gasification tube to a minimal play and moves, for example, self-centering.
- the shaft 11 can be hollow and have openings 16. (Fig. 4)
- the comminution internals 15, which are in particular adjustable, ensure that the carbonizing solids are ground or pulverized, so that they can be fused as completely as possible.
- a supply shaft 18 for hot air or hot fuel gas from a support or initial burner is provided in the smoldering chamber 4 and preferably also in the shaft 11 in order to initiate the smoldering of the raw material or through the outlet through the openings 16 to support at least part of the length. Due to the (very slow) rotation of the screw conveyor 8, the solids in the smoldering chamber 4 are slowly conveyed upwards, while the smoldering gas that gradually arises flows through or overflows the solids.
- FIG. 4 shows a conveyor device, in which vanes 10 arranged in four helical lines are arranged on the preferably hollow shaft 11, and which is comparable to an interrupted, four-speed screw conveyor. Between the rings of inclined, possibly also adjustable blades 10, at least in the initial area of the conveying device, rings of housing-fixed, optionally also adjustable shredding structures 15 protrude completely obscured.
- the smoldering chamber 4 can be divided, so that the upper half-shell contains flexible elements which are supported by the dead weight on the outer edge of the screw 8 or the wing 10.
- the materials of the outer edge of the screw conveyor 8 or the wing 10 can be provided with ceramic elements or can be designed such that the abrasive wear is as low as possible.
- the grated charcoal ensures a lubricating effect or a separating layer between the tribological running partners.
- the conveying surfaces can be variable over the length of the smoldering chamber 4 in the gradient and in the geometric shape, as can the diameter of the sections 9. Likewise, the diameter of the smoldering chamber 4 can also be variable over the length.
- the speed of the conveyor is specified by a process control and is variable, for example, to regulate the power during operation.
- a reaction chamber 20 is directly attached to the outlet side 7 of the smoldering chamber 4, which likewise has thermal insulation and in which fluidized-bed gasification takes place at a temperature of approximately 800 ° C.
- the reaction chamber has fixed internals, is made of highly heat-resistant material or is lined with heat-resistant material.
- Hot air (or a hot air / hot steam mixture) is blown in through a swirling nozzle 21, the gasification of the pulverized smoldering mass emerging from the screw conveyor 8 taking place by oxidation and subsequent reduction.
- the hot process gas is preferably set into sufficiently strong rotation by means of helically arranged guide devices 25, a cyclone effect being produced and the (inert) solid particles being deposited on the edge of the housing by centrifugal force, while the product gas emerges from the center of the high-temperature reaction chamber through outlet 24.
- the inert gasification residues are discharged through discharge locks 22, 23.
- water vapor can be supplied at various points between the inlet 6 into the smoldering chamber 4 and the outlet 24 of the product gas from the fluidized bed chamber 20.
- hot air can be blown in at any desired point between the inlet 6 into the smoldering chamber 6 and the outlet 24 from the reaction chamber 20 for the fluidized bed gasification in order to optimize or optimally control and regulate the process variables.
- the size of the material flows introduced into the smoldering and gasification process is essentially controlled or regulated by measuring and evaluating the process temperatures at various points in the system.
- the shaft 11 of the screw conveyor 8 is only supported in an outer bearing 13 attached to the inlet side 6, so that the reaction chamber 20 is connected to the smoldering chamber 4 in a direct extension.
- the otherwise essentially identical design of FIG. 2 also shows an outside bearing 14 on the exit side of the shaft 11, and the reaction chamber 20 is mounted laterally offset on the exit end 7.
- the advantages of the device according to the invention are that, due to the conveyance of the carbonization material through the carbonization chamber, a precisely defined, well-regulated and controllable process control with a high gas purity value is achieved.
- the condensable hydrocarbons are largely eliminated in the high-temperature fluidized bed gasifier.
- the gasification residues are practically inert due to the precisely defined and maximum dwell time in the reaction area guaranteed by the process control.
- a high power density can be achieved with the arrangement described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU65663/01A AU6566301A (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2001-06-22 | Device for the production of distillation gas |
| EP01942865A EP1294824A1 (de) | 2000-06-23 | 2001-06-22 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwelgas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT10872000A AT413105B (de) | 2000-06-23 | 2000-06-23 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwelgas |
| ATA1087/2000 | 2000-06-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002000810A1 true WO2002000810A1 (de) | 2002-01-03 |
Family
ID=3685241
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT2001/000199 Ceased WO2002000810A1 (de) | 2000-06-23 | 2001-06-22 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von schwelgas |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1294824A1 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT413105B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU6566301A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002000810A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019100258A1 (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | 李颂 | 一种拨料式喂料机 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4125384A (en) * | 1977-03-03 | 1978-11-14 | Kamyr Inc. | Method and apparatus for continuously feeding solid particles into a pressurized container |
| EP0891799A1 (de) * | 1996-04-13 | 1999-01-20 | Bauknecht, Maximillian | Verfahren und Anlage zur Entölung fettiger Substanzen |
| DE19932822A1 (de) * | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-25 | Johann Hochreiter | Vorrichtung zum Entgasen von organischen Substanzen |
| EP1078698A1 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-28 | Radwan Matrmawi | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermolytischen Aufarbeitung von polymer- und zellulosehaltigen Stoffen, insbesondere Shredderleichtgut |
| WO2001044405A1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-06-21 | Tirenergy Corporation | Processes for pyrolyzing tire shreds and tire pyrolysis systems |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2520492C3 (de) * | 1975-05-07 | 1978-10-05 | Estonskaja Ssr, Kochtla-Jarwe | Mischgas-Erzeuger für feste Brennstoffe |
| DD147548A1 (de) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-04-08 | Lutz Groeschel | Reaktor zur gaserzeugung aus festen brennstoffen |
| DE3406307A1 (de) * | 1984-02-22 | 1985-08-22 | KPA Kiener Pyrolyse Gesellschaft für thermische Abfallverwertung mbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Verfahren zur erzeugung von brennbaren gasen aus abfallstoffe |
| DE19618213A1 (de) * | 1996-05-07 | 1997-11-13 | Petersen Hugo Verfahrenstech | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Brenngas und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
-
2000
- 2000-06-23 AT AT10872000A patent/AT413105B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-06-22 EP EP01942865A patent/EP1294824A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-22 WO PCT/AT2001/000199 patent/WO2002000810A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-22 AU AU65663/01A patent/AU6566301A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4125384A (en) * | 1977-03-03 | 1978-11-14 | Kamyr Inc. | Method and apparatus for continuously feeding solid particles into a pressurized container |
| EP0891799A1 (de) * | 1996-04-13 | 1999-01-20 | Bauknecht, Maximillian | Verfahren und Anlage zur Entölung fettiger Substanzen |
| DE19932822A1 (de) * | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-25 | Johann Hochreiter | Vorrichtung zum Entgasen von organischen Substanzen |
| EP1078698A1 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-28 | Radwan Matrmawi | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermolytischen Aufarbeitung von polymer- und zellulosehaltigen Stoffen, insbesondere Shredderleichtgut |
| WO2001044405A1 (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-06-21 | Tirenergy Corporation | Processes for pyrolyzing tire shreds and tire pyrolysis systems |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019100258A1 (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | 李颂 | 一种拨料式喂料机 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT413105B (de) | 2005-11-15 |
| EP1294824A1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
| AU6566301A (en) | 2002-01-08 |
| ATA10872000A (de) | 2005-04-15 |
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