WO2002021047A1 - Waste-gasified fusion furnace and method of operating the fusion furnace - Google Patents
Waste-gasified fusion furnace and method of operating the fusion furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002021047A1 WO2002021047A1 PCT/JP2001/007523 JP0107523W WO0221047A1 WO 2002021047 A1 WO2002021047 A1 WO 2002021047A1 JP 0107523 W JP0107523 W JP 0107523W WO 0221047 A1 WO0221047 A1 WO 0221047A1
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- furnace
- gasification
- melting
- waste
- gas
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
- F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/08—Liquid slag removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1215—Heating the gasifier using synthesis gas as fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/304—Burning pyrosolids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/104—Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/20—Combustion to temperatures melting waste
Definitions
- This invention heats and removes municipal waste and industrial waste by heating and drying and pyrolyzing them to remove incombustible components into slag, and the gas generated in the furnace is treated and exhausted by an exhaust gas treatment device.
- the present invention relates to a melting furnace and its operation method. Specifically, waste gas is dried in a single furnace. Waste gas with improved system fluctuations and instability due to the dispersion of garbage (waste) when melting ash generated by pyrolysis
- the present invention relates to a chemical melting furnace and an operation method of the melting furnace. (Background technology)
- shaft furnaces are generally used for this type of gasification and melting furnace.
- the pressure of the high-temperature (for example, 170 ° C) combustion gas Q introduced from the furnace bottom As a result, the waste A that is being heated and melted is balanced, and a melting zone that is a boundary with the combustion gas Q is formed in a dome shape 53. Then, the molten slag S flows down and is taken out of the furnace.
- the combustion gas Q rises between the wastes (gap) in the furnace, and the rising combustion gas Q causes the waste A to be dried in the upper layer in the furnace, and the dried waste A in the middle layer. Is thermally decomposed, and the gas G Is exhausted from the exhaust port 5 5.
- the waste A in the furnace 51 undergoes a drying process and a pyrolysis process, and the pyrolysis residue gradually descends to the vicinity of the furnace bottom under gravity, where it is heated and melted by high-temperature combustion gas to form slag S as described above. To take out.
- a feature of shaft furnaces is that they efficiently achieve high-temperature conditions.
- the refuse injected into the shaft furnace flows down while burning, and the generated gas is used to heat the refuse injected while rising.
- Solid garbage descends according to gravity, while gaseous gas rises because it is light. Since heat is exchanged directly, heat efficiency is high. Also, the long convection time has the effect of reducing fluctuations in garbage quality on average.
- the dome-shaped melting zone 53 has the load of the waste A in the furnace body and the combustion which is blown from the furnace bottom and tries to rise to the top of the furnace.
- Gas hot gas
- the pressure of Q is balanced, it is kept in a dome shape.
- the dome surface 53 is disturbed as shown in Fig. 14 (b), and a part of the combustion gas Q is May break through through 5 3
- there are various fluctuation factors in garbage For example, when watery garbage is thrown in, steam is actively generated.
- the waste is plastic, it will significantly increase the amount of gas generated, cause molten waste to adhere to the furnace wall, etc., and if the waste contains sheet or plate-like waste, In other words, the gas flow becomes uneven, and the quality of the waste (that is, the amount of heat generation) increases or decreases the amount of generated gas, or the temperature of generated gas becomes higher or lower, which causes a disturbance in the reaction. I have. As a result, deposits are formed on a part of the furnace, and the waste layer located on top of the furnace does not flow down and is suspended from the shelf. Eventually, a cavity is formed at the bottom and the shelf becomes unsupported and slips, A so-called shelf drop phenomenon may occur. Then, the dome-shaped melting zone 53 may be destroyed by these effects.
- the other type of the shaft furnace method is to add limestone M and coke N together with waste A through a charging chute 64 to dry and pyrolyze it.
- Oxygen gas O and air P are blown in from nearby to burn continuously.
- the input waste A may contain a large amount of water (for example, 30 to 50%)
- the water was evaporated by the combustion gas Q from below in the upper layer in the furnace 61 and dried.
- the intermediate layer below it pyrolyzes to gasify the combustible components in the waste, and the pyrolysis residue is passed through the lower layer of the furnace to remove oxygen ⁇ and air P from the tuyere 63 and tuyere 62.
- Injection actively burns and heats and melts it, converts it into slag and removes it with a slag machine 65, etc., and exhausts combustible gas G mainly generated during thermal decomposition from an exhaust port 66.
- This combustible gas is used as fuel, generates steam by a boiler, etc., generates electricity with a steam turbine, and generates unnecessary exhaust gas.
- drying and thermal decomposition are performed in a kiln or a fluidized bed, and the generated unburned char and non-flammable components are heated to a high temperature and melted.
- the waste was pyrolyzed by heating it at about 600 ° C in a tunnel type heating / pyrolysis furnace.
- a structure has been proposed in which the generated pyrolysis residue (including combustibles) is charged into a shaft furnace-type melting furnace, and oxygen gas is blown into the pyrolysis residue to burn and melt.
- the equipment cost is enormous due to the indirect heating method. For example, in a standard-scale facility with a tunnel type heating furnace of 150 ton / day, width: 1.5 m, height : 0.5 m, length: 10 number irf, etc.
- the rate at which heat is conducted through such a thick waste layer is extremely slow as compared with the direct heating method of the shaft furnace method, and the heat efficiency of the tunnel furnace is extremely poor, so a large amount of heating fuel is required.
- the melting reaction zone in the shaft melting furnace has the same problems as those described above. In other words, since a larger amount of oxygen gas and the like than tuyeres 62 and 63 is blown into the pyrolysis residue that has fallen to the lower part of the melting furnace 61, the part where the blown gas contacts the pyrolysis residue melts. As shown in Fig. 15 (a), a molten film 68 is formed.
- a high temperature (about 140 to 160 ° C) region is formed in the furnace and heated and melted. If this region is disturbed and becomes abnormal, for example, the molten portion of the pyrolysis residue may adhere to the furnace inner wall and hinder the continuation of operation, and the operating rate will decrease.
- the refractory in the furnace was easily damaged by exposure to molten slag and high-temperature gas.In order to repair the damaged refractory, the internal waste was removed. It is necessary to lower the furnace temperature first. For this reason, the operation rate of the equipment decreases. Furthermore, in order to deal with refractory damage under severe conditions, the furnace wall is made to be a water-cooled wall, and a thin refractory is attached to the water-cooled wall to reduce the adhesion of the slag itself and the melting equilibrium (self-coating) effect. Use May be. In this case, thermal loss becomes enormous.
- the incineration ash D generated by the stoker-type waste combustion device described above is put into the furnace 71 through the input chute 73, and the combustion
- Some melting furnaces have a structure in which fuel is blown together with oxygen-enriched air and heated and melted.
- incineration ash D can be stably melted and turned into slag.However, since the high-temperature gas Q after being melted is discharged from the furnace as it is, the boiler etc. There is no use other than heat recovery. In other words, the high-temperature gas Q cannot be used for drying or pyrolysis of waste or used for preheating incineration ash, so its thermal efficiency is poor.
- there is a method of melting incineration ash by electric arc or plasma instead of the above combustion burner but it is uneconomical due to large power consumption.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and two furnace bodies (processes) of a conventional melting furnace and an ash melting furnace of the above-described shaft furnace method are organically combined and integrated to form a conventional melting furnace.
- the char (pyrolysis residue or incinerated ash) generated in the furnace section is melted in the ash melting furnace section, and the high-temperature combustion gas (hereinafter, also referred to as high-temperature gas) generated there is introduced (supplied) to the melting furnace section.
- high-temperature combustion gas hereinafter, also referred to as high-temperature gas
- It aims to provide a stable waste gasification and melting furnace (process) with high thermal efficiency by heating and pyrolyzing waste, and at the same time replace expensive gas fuel used in conventional melting furnaces.
- the objective is to provide a method for operating a waste gasification and melting furnace that can use inexpensive oil as fuel.
- the waste gasification and melting furnace according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured to sequentially charge waste into the furnace from above.
- a shaft furnace type or a fluidized bed type gasification furnace body for drying and pyrolysis after drying with high-temperature gas, and a pyrolysis of the waste material integrally connected to the lower end discharge port of the gasification furnace body A melting chamber furnace provided with a heating / melting parner toward an inclined surface of the pyrolysis residue; and a melting chamber furnace for taking out a molten material of molten slag and metal.
- An outlet is provided, and a mechanism is provided for supplying high-temperature gas generated during heating and melting of the pyrolysis residue in the melting chamber furnace to the gasification furnace main body.
- the waste gasification / melting furnace having the above configuration, high-concentration oxygen and fuel are blown into the pyrolysis residue by heating and melting the pyrolysis residue in the melting furnace, and remain in the pyrolysis residue.
- a high temperature of about 165 ° C. is obtained, and the incombustible components in the residue are turned into molten slag.
- Oxygen is supplied in excess of the theoretical combustion amount, and metal salts in the residue are oxidized.
- iron can be discharged in the form of iron oxide and copper in the form of copper oxide in a molten and mixed state.
- oxygen is supplied in a shortage state, it becomes a reducing flame, and when the metal in the residue becomes molten metal, it is heavier than slag and is stored in the lower part of slag. Since the present invention is basically in an oxidizing atmosphere, and therefore the molten metal is oxidized, there is no useful industrial application by itself, and there is no need to separate the molten metal from the slag separately. For example, molten metal can be used together with slag for applications such as roadbed paving stones.
- the high-temperature gas used to melt the pyrolysis residue in the melting chamber furnace is supplied to the furnace body for drying and pyrolysis of the waste.
- Most of the sensible heat possessed by the high-temperature gas is It is used for reaction with waste.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas exhausted from the furnace is reduced to, for example, about 300 ° C, so that the energy is lower than that of a conventional melting-only furnace (see Fig. 16). Since there is no waste and the high thermal efficiency of the shaft furnace melting furnace can be inherited, fuel consumption, power consumption and oxygen consumption are all low, and running costs are low.
- the melting chamber furnace is separate from the gasification furnace main body and only the refractory in the space inside the melting chamber furnace is mainly damaged, it can be easily repaired by spraying the refractory for repair, and the operation rate is reduced. Extremely high. Moreover, the structure of the whole device is simple, the operation is simple, and the operation and maintenance are easy.
- the amount and properties of the exhaust gas are stabilized, stable and high-quality electric power can be obtained, for example, by power generation equipment such as a boiler and a steam turbine.
- power generation equipment such as a boiler and a steam turbine.
- reducing the amount of excess combustion air As a result, the steam generated from the waste heat boiler can be used effectively, and most of the steam can be sent to the steam turbine, enabling more efficient power generation.
- the burner may be not only a method for burning fossil fuels and various gas fuels, but also a plasma method.
- an introduction path for oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (also referred to as an oxygen-containing gas) is connected to a high-temperature gas supply path from the melting chamber furnace to the gasification furnace main body.
- an oxygen-containing gas also referred to as an oxygen-containing gas
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas can be reduced by blowing a normal-temperature oxygen-containing gas into the high-temperature gas supplied into the gasification furnace main body.
- a normal-temperature oxygen-containing gas into the high-temperature gas supplied into the gasification furnace main body.
- the inner wall such as the gas supply pipe, duct, and header in the high-temperature gas supply path.
- the amount of oxygen injected is large, the temperature of the mixed gas decreases, but the temperature of this part increases due to the heat of reaction with the waste.
- a supply path is provided at a connection point between the gasification furnace main body and the melting chamber furnace. It can be provided or a lower part in the gasification furnace main body and a space in the melting chamber furnace can be connected by duct.
- the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace is supplied to the gasification furnace main body and used for drying and pyrolysis of waste.
- the energy possessed by the high-temperature gas can be used without waste, and the thermal efficiency is high.
- a pyrolysis residue delivery mechanism such as a screw type, a rotary blade type, a pusher type, or the like is provided near a connection point between the gasification furnace main body and the melting chamber furnace. Is desirable.
- the residue is continuously supplied as it descends by gravity according to the angle of repose by an amount corresponding to the amount melted in the melting furnace.
- it is desirable to prepare for abnormal obstructions such as large foreign objects and hanging shelves.
- the pyrolysis residue generated in the gasification furnace body is sent out into the melting chamber furnace by the feed mechanism by a fixed amount, and the amount of the pyrolysis residue sent out is adjusted according to the melting state of the pyrolysis residue in the melting chamber furnace. Can be.
- a tuyere for blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the thermal decomposition residue can be provided in the melting chamber furnace.
- oxygen-containing gas such as oxygen can be blown from the tuyere into the pyrolysis residue deposited in the melting chamber furnace and burned, and heated to a temperature close to the melting temperature.
- the temperature of the pyrolysis zone generated in the gasifier main body can be adjusted, for example, to around 800 ° C.
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied from the melting chamber furnace to the gasification furnace main body is adjusted to 100 to 130 ° C., and the gas is In order to adjust the supply amount of oxygen so that the waste put into the furnace and dried is heated at a temperature of 500 to 100 ° C to generate pyrolysis residues. It is preferable to provide a control device.
- the temperature is controlled within the range of 500 to 100 ° C, the minimum temperature of 500 ° C required to thermally decompose the combustible components in the waste is secured, and the temperature of 100 ° C is maintained. Since it is below C, there is no risk that the pyrolyzed residue (ash) will begin to soften.
- the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace is at a very high temperature of around 160 ° C, but the temperature of the high-temperature gas falls within the range of 100 ° C to 130 ° C. The problem of the quality and life of the refractory adhered to the inner wall such as the gas supply pipe, duct, and header in the supply path is eliminated.
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied from the melting chamber furnace to the gasification furnace main body is 100 ° C. or more, and the waste in the gasification furnace main body is as described in claim 7. It is preferable to adjust the temperature and supply amount of the high-temperature gas so that the gas is heated at a temperature of 800 ° C. or less to generate a pyrolysis residue.
- the gasification furnace since the waste in the gasification furnace body is heated at a temperature of 800 ° C or less to generate a pyrolysis residue, the gasification furnace is There is no abnormal adhesion of pyrolysis residues on the main unit and no hanging on the shelves, stabilizing the operation and dramatically extending the life of refractories.
- a charging port for incombustible substances such as ash or sludge is provided below a middle portion of the gasification furnace main body in a height direction, and a screw is provided near the charging port.
- Type ⁇ Rotating blade type ⁇ Pushing mechanism such as a set of pushers or a gas blowing mechanism for accompanying gas can be added.
- incombustible substances such as ash or sludge is charged into the waste layer in the middle part of the furnace by a pushing mechanism or a blowing mechanism of accompanying gas. Since the waste accumulated above the charging position acts as a filter, the high-temperature gas supplied into the furnace body does not scatter ash etc. And is efficiently heated.
- the invention according to claim 8 can efficiently treat a wide variety of wastes.
- an inlet for injecting incombustibles alone or together with fuel and oxygen-containing gas can be provided in the melting chamber furnace.
- ash and the like can be directly charged into the melting furnace and melted together with the pyrolysis residue to form slag.
- a hot cyclone is provided in the middle of a high-temperature gas supply path from the melting chamber furnace to the gasification furnace main body, and is provided at an inlet of the cyclone or in the cyclone.
- An inlet for incombustible substances such as ash or sludge can be provided, and a feed path for the collection by the cyclone can be provided from the cyclone to the melting chamber furnace.
- a level meter for properly maintaining a melt flow rate and a level of a pyrolysis residue layer during heat melting by the heat melting furnace in the melting chamber furnace.
- Either an industrial television camera, a microwave measuring device or a radiation measuring device can be deployed as a side device.
- the waste gasification / melting furnace is heated by a parner in the melting chamber furnace. Since the level of the pyrolysis residue layer during thermal melting can be maintained at an appropriate level, the pyrolysis residue can be reliably and accurately melted and turned into slag. In addition, if a TV camera is installed, it is possible to grasp not only the status of slag generation and flow, but also the status of damage to the refractory in the melting furnace, so that the repair time can be accurately determined.
- a charging hole for a repair refractory spraying device is provided in the melting chamber furnace wall, and a damaged portion of the refractory in the melting chamber furnace is repaired from outside. It is preferable to configure it so that it can be used.
- a damaged portion of a refractory wall such as a ceiling is detected, and the repair refractory is sprayed by a gun as a spraying device and repaired.
- the operation time is about 20 minutes and the operation is easy.
- the time required to stop operations for repairing refractories is greatly reduced compared to conventional melting furnaces, thus improving equipment utilization.
- in the vicinity of the middle part in the height direction of the gasification furnace main body whether the gasification furnace is rapidly expanded or contracted in a tapered shape as compared with a portion immediately above the furnace inner wall.
- a gas header can be provided inside the furnace as part of the furnace body, instead of the header duct that is installed outside the furnace. This simplifies the structure of the equipment and improves the durability of the header. It is improved and installed inside the furnace, so there is little thermal loss of the supplied gas. Furthermore, hot gas can be evenly introduced into the waste layer.
- each of the gas suction ports is connected to the gas supply pipe, and the waste gasification and melting according to claim 14, wherein According to the furnace, the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace can be supplied into the furnace body not through the space but through the layer of the pyrolysis residue, so that the high-temperature gas can be used for preheating the pyrolysis residue.
- each gas inlet is set at a depth of, for example, about 100 mm from the surface of the pyrolysis residue layer, the flow rate of gas flowing into each suction port becomes slow, and the pyrolysis residue is entrained in the high-temperature gas. It is possible to reduce scattering and mixing.
- the main body of the gasification and melting chamber furnace is a fluidized bed furnace, and a pyrolysis residue layer sieved from a fluid medium such as sand circulating in the furnace body.
- the residue accompanying the top gas generated in the gasification furnace main body and the dust collected at the cycle port or the like can be supplied to the melting chamber furnace.
- the method for operating a waste gasification / melting furnace according to claim 16 is characterized in that air, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is provided at an upper part in the gasification furnace main body at an air ratio of 0.5 to 2.5.
- air, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is provided at an upper part in the gasification furnace main body at an air ratio of 0.5 to 2.5.
- said exhaust gas gas exiting the waste bed of the gasification furnace body the C_ ⁇ 2 concentration
- the temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled at, for example, 300 ° C.
- the amount of oxygen is increased to increase the amount of thermal decomposition. If the temperature of the residue increases, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be increased. Moreover, by keeping the temperature of the exhaust gas at 500 ° C. or less, refuse (waste) does not burn up due to blown air or oxygen, and stable gasification can be performed. Since the spontaneous ignition temperature of many gases is around 700 ° C, the safe temperature for partial combustion without generating a flame is as described above, taking into account fluctuations in the quality of garbage, etc. It is desirable to keep the temperature below ° C.
- Oxygen or air can be further blown into the partial combustion gas generated from dust in the gasification furnace main body from the outside to reburn the combustion exhaust gas.
- the calorific value of the partial combustion gas varies depending on the calorific value of the refuse, the air ratio is increased when the calorific value is high.
- the heat generation of the partial combustion gas can be diluted to 800 to 950 ° C. For example, a method of adjusting the temperature by spraying water can be used.
- the natural combustion temperature range of 700 to 800 ° C by adding oxygen or air from the outside at the top of the gasification furnace It is preferable to perform combustion in such a manner that combustion of oil, tar, organic matter, and the like proceeds, and clogging of a gas analysis conduit, a pressure gauge pressure pipe, and the like is eliminated. In this case, by adjusting the air ratio, the oxygen amount, and the spray water amount of the exhaust gas recirculation amount in the subsequent reburning furnace, the reburning temperature of 800 to 950 ° C is finally reached. realizable.
- the combustion temperature is controlled to 700 to 800 ° C. in advance, it is easy to adjust the subsequent reburning.
- the flammable gas such as hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen contained in the gasification gas is higher than the natural ignition point (ignition temperature), and is easily completely burned by blowing air or oxygen at room temperature. This eliminates the need for a complicated structure such as a wrench. By paying attention to the direction of air or oxygen injection, fly ash can be easily prevented from sticking or accumulating on the furnace wall.
- the combustion temperature can be kept constant, so that there is no generation of C ⁇ due to incomplete combustion. Too high a temperature does not increase the generation of N ⁇ x .
- the temperature of the reburning of exhaust gas is reduced to 850 to 900 ° C, so that the material of the tube equipment of the subsequent boiler and air preheater can be reduced. Inexpensive materials can be used, and dioxins can be reduced.
- the combustion temperature of the waste layer in the furnace body is lower than in the conventional method
- the temperature of the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis zone is slightly higher than in the conventional method.
- the amount of LP gas used is reduced, and the calorific value of exhaust gas is also reduced. Therefore, the amount of combustion air supplied is reduced, and the amount of exhaust gas generated is also reduced.
- a part of the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace is guided near the upper surface of a waste layer in the gasification furnace main body, and air, oxygen, or oxygen-rich gas is supplied.
- Oxygen-containing gas such as chemical vapor is added and burned, and the temperature of exhaust gas exhausted from the furnace top can be adjusted.
- combustion starts in the gasification furnace regardless of the presence or absence of waste Can operate.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas can be kept constant, it is possible to respond to changes in the amount of waste input over a wide range, and to minimize fluctuations and blow-through of exhaust gas.
- a part of the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace is guided to an intermediate portion in the height direction of the gasification furnace main body, and further, Air near the upper surface of the waste layer.
- High-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace which burns by adding oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, is guided to the middle part in the height direction of the melting furnace main body, and air, oxygen or The combustion may be performed by adding an oxygen-containing gas such as oxygen-enriched air.
- the temperature and properties of the gas used for drying and pyrolysis of the waste in the furnace body are arbitrarily adjusted to improve efficiency. Good operation is possible, and it is possible to respond to changes in the amount of waste input over a wide range, and to minimize fluctuations and blow-through of exhaust gas.
- a part of the high-temperature gas generated in the furnace for the gasification and melting chamber is spaced apart in the height direction at a middle portion in the height direction of the gasification furnace main body.
- air, oxygen, or oxygen-enriched air can be added to the vicinity of the upper surface of the waste layer in the gasification furnace body and burned.
- controlling the total oxygen flow fed to the gasifier unit according to CO / CO 2 ratio in the exhaust gas generated from the waste layer of the gasifier unit Can be.
- the partial combustion gas is reburned by adding air in the subsequent step, but at a temperature that is not too high to suppress N ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x and high-temperature corrosion, the generation of dioxins and CO Usually, incineration is carried out in the range of 850 to 950 ° C, because it must be completely burned at a high temperature in order to suppress it.
- the calorific value rises suddenly or When the combustion of garbage becomes active, the combustion temperature rises and the amount of generated gas increases, so it can be suppressed by reducing the supply of oxygen.
- the flow rate of gasification gas just before the re-combustion can be controlled by indirect adjusting the total oxygen supply amount of C 0 / C_ ⁇ to the gasification furnace body to the 2 ratio is constant understood.
- the composition and the gas amount of the gasification gas can be made substantially constant while adjusting the reburning temperature and the air ratio. And finally relapse The flow rate of the flue gas can be made substantially constant.
- the temperature and flow rate of the final reburning exhaust gas can be made substantially constant, so that an excessive equipment margin, a limitation of the processing amount, and an extension of the life of the furnace can be expected.
- FIG. 1 shows a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 (a) is a central longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 1 (b) is FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification / melting furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification / melting furnace according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste leaf gasification and melting furnace according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the welding chamber furnace in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 11 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification melting furnace according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a first type of a conventional general gasification and melting furnace of a shaft furnace type.
- FIG. 13 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a second type of conventional one-piece gasification and melting furnace of the shaft furnace type.
- Fig. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the melting reaction zone of the gasification and melting furnace shown in Fig. 12.
- Fig. 14 (a) shows a normal state
- Fig. 14 (b) shows an abnormal state. Represents time respectively.
- Fig. 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the dome-shaped melting zone of the gasification and melting furnace shown in Fig. 13.
- Fig. 15 (a) shows a normal state, and Fig. 15 (b) ) Indicates abnormal time.
- FIG. 16 is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a conventional general melting furnace.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification melting furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 1 (a). It is.
- the gasification and melting furnace 1 of this example includes a gasification furnace main body 2 composed of a vertical shaft furnace in which a refractory (not shown) is lined with a steel shell. And a melting chamber furnace 3 which heats and melts a pyrolysis residue called a char finally generated by the gasification furnace main body 2 at a high temperature.
- the upper part of the gasifier main body 2 is formed in a shape in which the diameter is gradually reduced toward the upper end, and an exhaust port 4 for the furnace top gas is opened at the upper end.
- one end of the duct is connected to the exhaust port 4, and an exhaust gas treatment device is connected downstream of the duct.
- This exhaust gas treatment system consists of a reburner, energy recovery equipment such as a heat exchanger such as a boiler * steam turbine, and a dust collector.
- a waste charging shot 5 is provided through the furnace wall 2a.
- the lower part of the gasification furnace main body 2 is formed in a shape in which the diameter is gradually reduced downward, and a melting chamber furnace 3 is combined with a melting chamber furnace 3 at the bottom of the furnace below the lower end opening 2b.
- the melting furnace 3 consists of a horizontally long rectangular cylinder, An upper end opening 3a communicating with a lower end opening (discharge port) 2b of the furnace body 2 is provided, and a slag outlet 6 is provided at a lower end of one side wall 3b.
- the slag outlet 6 is provided with a weir 6a, and the slag S overflowing the weir 6a automatically flows out.
- ⁇ Thermal decomposition flowing into the melting chamber furnace 3 from the upper end opening 3a As shown in Fig. 3, the residue has a lateral length inside the melting chamber furnace 3 where the slope of the angle of repose is sufficiently formed to one side (right side of the figure). It is configured such that a space is formed above.
- a heating / melting parner 7 is provided in the space with the combustion gas outlet at the tip facing the inclined surface of the pyrolysis residue.
- the heating and melting parner 7 is used by mixing low-priced fuel such as heavy oil with oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air. Note that a brass burner can also be used.
- One end of an upward gas supply pipe 8 is connected from the space inside the melting chamber furnace 3, and the other end is connected to a header duct 9 arranged around the lower part of the gasification furnace main body 2.
- One end of a gas blowing pipe 10 is connected to the header duct 9 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the other end penetrates the furnace wall 2 a of the gasification furnace main body 2 and faces the inside of the furnace 2.
- the position where the high-temperature gas is injected from the gas injection pipe 10 corresponds to the pyrolysis area Y of the waste A.
- the drying zone X in the upper part of the gasification furnace main body 2 was dried at a temperature of 300 to 400 ° C. after removing the moisture of the injected waste A and drying it.
- the temperature and flow rate of the hot gas generated in the melting chamber furnace 3 so that the substance A can be thermally decomposed at a temperature in the range of 500 to: L0000 ° C, preferably slightly lower than 800 ° C. Is adjusted and introduced into the pyrolysis zone Y of the gasification furnace main body 2.
- the gasification and melting furnace 1 is configured as described above.In this melting furnace 1, while the waste injected in the upper drying zone X in the furnace is dried, The gas slowly descends to the lower pyrolysis zone Y, where it is pyrolyzed and the combustible components in waste A are gasified. This gas is sent from the melting chamber furnace 3 to the gasification furnace body 2 together with the high-temperature gas, and then used for drying the waste A in the drying zone X. The gas is exhausted from the exhaust port 4 and used by power generation facilities, etc., and energy is recovered. After that, it is exhausted by a bag filter etc. and then discharged outside.
- the inclined surface of the pyrolysis residue layer is sequentially melted by the flame of the heating / melting parner 7 to form slag. Is melted together with the alumina, silica, etc. contained in Waste A, and flows out of the slag outlet 6.
- the spilled melt solidifies, so it can be disposed of or buried as it is. Can be used as a standing material.
- the refractory on the bottom surface is hardly damaged due to the accumulation of pyrolysis residues on the bottom surface in the melting chamber furnace 3.
- the symbol Z in the figure indicates the heat melting zone, in which pyrolysis residue C is deposited.
- FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnace 1 and 2 of the second embodiment and the melting furnace 1 is that the header duct 9 provided outside the furnace is replaced with a gas header 11 as a part of the gasification furnace body 2.
- the furnace wall 2a of the gasification furnace main body 2 is projected radially outward in a triangular cross section and annularly over the circumferential direction, An annular space that is not filled with waste layer B is configured in the gas header 11.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the same reference numerals are used for the same components, and the description will be omitted.
- FIG. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnace 13 of the third embodiment and the above-mentioned melting furnace 1 is that an inlet pipe 1 2 for blowing an oxygen-containing gas such as oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air into a gas supply pipe 8 is provided. Is connected.
- the amount of heat required to melt the pyrolysis residue in the melting furnace 3 basically corresponds to the amount of the pyrolysis residue flowing into the melting furnace 3 from the gasifier main body 2.
- the waste A cannot be completely dried and pyrolyzed only by the high-temperature gas generated in the melting furnace 3.
- the conversion of combustible components in the waste material A as light as possible a gas is desirable in the exhaust gas treatment system, for example, rather than the tar or oil is converted to a hydrocarbon gas to the CO, H 2 and CH about 4 Requires additional heat and oxygen. For this reason, it is necessary to blow oxygen into the gasification furnace main body 2.
- the high-temperature gas generated in the melting furnace 3 is at a very high temperature of about 160 ° C., but if such a high-temperature gas is supplied to the gasification furnace body 2 without lowering the temperature, Gas supply pipes in the supply path Attached to the inner wall, such as 8 ducts and headers The refractory may be damaged, but by adding the oxygen-containing gas to lower the gas temperature to, for example, 130 ° C, the problem of refractory damage is eliminated.
- FIG. 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnaces 114 of the fourth embodiment and the above-mentioned melting furnaces 13 is that the openings (discharge outlets) 2 b and 3 a connecting the gasification furnace main body 2 and the melting chamber furnace 3 are located immediately adjacent to each other.
- a screw-type extrusion device 13 is provided below.
- the following functions and effects can be obtained. That is, by rotating the screw shaft 13a by the drive unit 14 in the melting chamber furnace 3, the pyrolysis residue generated in the gasification furnace body 2 is quantitatively and gradually determined. It is pushed out to sneak in. Although the illustration is omitted, the main part of the screw shaft 13a (including the screw) is cooled with a water-cooled structure. In addition, since the temperature of the pyrolysis residue in this example is a relatively low temperature of 1000 ° C. to 800 ° C. or less, not only the screw type but also various types of mechanical extrusion such as a pusher type. Apparatus can be applied.
- FIG. 5 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification / melting furnace according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnaces 15 of the fifth embodiment and the melting furnaces 1-4 of the fourth embodiment is that the high-temperature gas Q generated in the melting furnace 3 is supplied to the gas supply pipe 8 and the header duct 9. Instead, the gas is passed through the pyrolysis residue layer in the melting furnace 3 and guided to the gasification furnace main body 2 from the connection ports 2 b and 3 a with the gasification furnace main body 2.
- the screw-type extrusion device 13 is shown slightly below the connection ports 2b and 3a, in this example, the extrusion device 13 is slightly above the connection ports 2b and 3a, that is, It is more preferable to provide it on the gasification furnace main body 2 side.
- Oxygen contained in the high-temperature gas reacts with combustibles (mainly carbon) remaining in the pyrolysis residue and burns, so that the temperature of the pyrolysis residue layer can be raised to a higher temperature.
- the fuel used for PANA 7 can be reduced.
- the melting furnace 115 of this example has a simpler structure than the melting furnaces according to the other examples described above. Also, in the above-mentioned prior art (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-11332), melting occurs in an unstable dome-shaped melting zone. While melting is performed, melting is performed on the inclined surface of the pyrolysis residue layer in the melting furnace 3, so that the operation is stably performed.
- the temperature of the pyrolysis residue near the extruder 13 is controlled so as to be 1000 ° C. or less.
- the pyrolysis residue in the vicinity of the extruder 13 is not only a char, but also a layer of waste that accumulates in the gasification furnace main body 2 so that pyrolysis is not completely completed and contains a relatively large amount of combustible components. Set so that the height of B becomes shallow.
- FIG. 6 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the melting furnace 116 of the sixth embodiment differs from the melting furnace 114 of the fourth embodiment in two points.
- a gas header 16 is provided in the furnace as a part of the gasifier main body 2. That is, the furnace wall 2a of the gasification furnace main body 2 is protruded annularly inward in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction in a triangular cross section, and an annular space in which the waste layer B is not filled is formed in the gas header 16. It was done.
- the high-temperature gas generated in the melting chamber furnace 3 is supplied into the gasification furnace main body 2 not through the space but through the pyrolysis residue layer. That is, a plurality of gas inlets 17 provided on the inner wall in contact with the pyrolysis residue layer deposited in the melting chamber furnace 3 are connected to the gas supply pipe 8.
- Each suction port 17 is located approximately 100 mm (indicated by L in Fig. 6) from the surface of the pyrolysis residue layer, in order to prevent the pyrolysis residue from scattering and mixing in the high-temperature gas.
- the gas flow rate flowing into each suction port 17 is very low, 0.1 lm / sec. I'm late.
- FIG. 7 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification / melting furnace according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnace 117 of the seventh embodiment and the melting furnace 114 of the above-described fourth embodiment is that the oxygen-containing gas introduced into the gas supply pipe 8 is of two systems, oxygen and air, and that the furnace body 2
- the temperature of the lower pyrolysis residue layer and the temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied through the gas supply pipe 8 are measured, for example, the temperature of the pyrolysis residue layer becomes 800 ° C and the temperature of the high-temperature gas, respectively.
- the controller 18 and 19 and the solenoid on-off valves 20 and 21 are configured to adjust the flow rate of oxygen and the flow rate of air so that the temperature is set to 1300 ° C.
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas supplied to the furnace body 2 can be generally adjusted by the flow rates of oxygen and air, and the temperature of the pyrolysis residue layer can be generally adjusted by the ratio of oxygen and air.
- the amount of fuel and the amount of air and oxygen introduced into the melting furnace 3 may be increased while increasing the amount of fuel added from the parner 7. In this case, oxygen and air may be blown from the Pana 7.
- FIG. 8 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification / melting furnace according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference between the melting furnace 1-8 of the eighth embodiment and the melting furnace 114 of the fourth embodiment is that the ash can be positively pushed into the furnace body 2 from the outside to perform the melting process. That is. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the ash injection chute 22 is arranged at a position slightly higher than the high-temperature gas injection port of the gasifier main body 2, and A screw feeder 23 is connected to the upper end of the chute 22 so that ash C can be pushed into the furnace body 2 from the outside so that it can be treated.
- FIG. 9 shows the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a waste gasification and melting furnace according to an example.
- the melting furnace 114 of the ninth embodiment differs from the melting furnace 114 of the fourth embodiment in the following points. That is, a cyclone suspension preheater 24 is provided in the middle of the gas supply pipe 8, and an ash inlet 25 is provided upstream of the cyclone suspension preheater 24.
- the high-temperature gas Q supplied from the melting chamber furnace 3 into the gasification furnace main body 2 is introduced into the cyclone suspend preheater 24, and is also injected into the gas supply pipe 8 from the input port 25.
- the ashes are instantaneously heated by the high-temperature gas flowing into the cyclone suspend preheater 24, fall into the melting chamber furnace 3, flow into the furnace, and are melted.
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas Q is decreased by being used for heating the ash C, and is supplied to the gasification furnace main body 2 at an appropriate temperature.
- the method of injecting ash from the cyclone suspension preheater 24 into the melting chamber furnace 3 may be as simple as blowing from the inlet 26 as shown in FIG. 9 or as fuel or air from the burner 7. It may be blown together.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged central longitudinal section showing another embodiment of the melting furnace.
- a through hole 28 through which a spray gun 27 of the refractory E for repair can be inserted is formed in the side wall 3 c, and the gun 27 is inserted through the through hole 28. It is loaded and can be moved back and forth and left and right. Then, measuring instruments such as a TV camera (not shown) and a thermometer (not shown) are installed in the space U inside the melting chamber furnace 3 ', and the damaged parts of the refractory wall such as the ceiling are detected.
- Spray refractory E for repair with gun 27 and repair The operation time of the gun 27 used in this case is about 20 minutes, and the operation is easy. ⁇ With this configuration, the time to stop the operation for repairing the refractory is greatly reduced, and the melting furnace The operation rate of 1 improves.
- FIG. 11 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a tenth embodiment of the gasification and melting furnace.
- the communication openings 2b and 3a between the gasification furnace main body 2 and the melting chamber furnace 3 are not narrowed, It is connected to the gasification furnace main body 2 with the same cross section as the opening, and one side wall 3 d (left side in the figure) of the melting furnace 3 is formed on an inclined surface close to the angle of repose of the pyrolysis residue C.
- a metal belt conveyor (with a crossbar) 29 is provided along the inclined surface 3d as a transfer device having excellent heat resistance.
- a slag storage room 30 with an open top is installed below the slag outlet 6, and a metal belt conveyor 31 with excellent heat resistance is also installed in the slag storage room 30, and slag etc. Can be automatically discharged. Furthermore, three burners 7 are provided in the space inside the melting furnace 3, and LP gas or oil is blown from each of the burners 7 as oxygen-enriched air and auxiliary fuel.
- the furnace walls 1a at the middle part (drying area X) and the lower part (pyrolysis area Y) in the height direction of the gasification furnace main body 2 are each radially outward in a triangular cross section as in the second embodiment. And annular in the circumferential direction The unfilled annular space above the slope formed by the waste A inclined at the angle of repose is formed in the gas headers 32, 33.
- the gas supply pipe 8 branches from the space inside the melting chamber furnace 3 to the upper and lower gas headers 32, 33, and the respective branch pipes 34.35 are connected.
- a branch pipe 36 is connected to the section T, and dampers 37, 38, and 39 are interposed in the respective branch pipes 34 to 36.
- the inlet pipes 40 to 42 for oxygen-containing gas such as oxygen and nitrogen are connected to the furnace top space T and the gas headers 132, 33, and an opening / closing valve 4 is provided in the middle of each of the inlet pipes 40 to 42. 3, 4 4 and 4 5 are interposed. Further, an input port 46 for waste A is opened in the upper furnace wall 2a of the furnace body 2, and a pusher 48 provided with a hopper 47 for inputting waste A is connected to the input port 46. ing.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the same reference numerals are used for the common components, and the description will be omitted.
- the gasification furnace may be a rotary kiln or the like instead of the shaft furnace / fluidized bed furnace.
- the melting furnace 1-10 constructed as described above is operated according to the following procedure.
- the melting method (operating method) of this example was compared with the melting method (hereinafter referred to as the conventional method) using the above-described conventional melting furnace (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-132432, hereinafter referred to as the conventional furnace). While explaining.
- the conventional method produces hydrogen and carbon monoxide from the exhaust gas generated from the furnace because the exhaust gas contains relatively large amounts of CO.
- Dome melting zone 5 3 first 2 view
- the composition of the exhaust gas calculated predicted from chemical equilibrium at this temperature, CO 1 7%, C_ ⁇ 2 1 4%, a H 2 1 4%, generally consistent with the actual furnace operating data.
- the amount of LP gas used as auxiliary fuel is about 20% of the total calorific value of waste A. %.
- the ratio of C ⁇ ⁇ 2 in the composition of the exhaust gas was increased.
- the combustion temperature of the waste leaf layer B in the furnace body 2 is set lower than in the conventional method. That is, the high-temperature gas Q generated in the melting furnace 3 is introduced into the furnace top space T and the gas headers 32 and 33 together with the oxygen-containing gas, and reacts with the waste layer B in the furnace main body 2 to perform the conventional method.
- the temperature of the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis zone Y is slightly higher than in the conventional method, so that the amount of LP gas or oil used as a fuel for auxiliary combustion is reduced.
- Table 1 shows (1) the amount of LP gas used as auxiliary fuel, (2) the amount of oxygen used in the entire melting furnace, and (3) the amount of reburning gas required to burn exhaust gas, in the conventional method and the operation method of this example. table 1 ⁇
- the proportion of C_ ⁇ 2 is higher exhaust gas that occur as compared with the conventional method.
- the temperature required for melting the pyrolysis residue C is 1650 ° C, which is the same as the conventional method.
- the calorific value per unit of waste A is the same for both, but the LHV (calorific value) of the generated exhaust gas is (conventional method)> (operating method in this example).
- the amount of carbon in the exhaust gas is the same, but due to a decrease in hydrogen due to a decrease in the amount of LP gas used as auxiliary fuel, the gas capacity becomes (conventional method)> (operating method in this example).
- the material of the tube equipment of the subsequent boiler and air preheater can be reduced, and inexpensive materials can be used. Dioxin can be reduced.
- the supply amount of the high-temperature gas Q to the gas headers 32, 33 is adjusted by the damper 37.38 so that the carbon dioxide concentration of the exhaust gas G becomes constant, and the drying zone X and the pyrolysis zone Y are adjusted.
- the amount of the oxygen-containing gas introduced from the introduction pipes 41 and 42 is determined so that the temperature of the mixture becomes the target temperature. When an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the furnace body 2, the amount of carbon dioxide generated increases.
- high-temperature gas Q was introduced into the furnace top space from the branch pipe 36, and oxygen-containing gas was introduced from the introduction pipe 40 and mixed, thereby disposing of the waste gas. This makes it possible to respond to changes in the input amount of substance A over a wide range, and to minimize fluctuations and blow-off of exhaust gas G. Furthermore, if the high-temperature gas Q is introduced into the furnace top space T from the branch pipe 36 at the start of the combustion of the waste A, the combustion can be started regardless of the presence or absence of the waste A.
- the waste gasification and melting furnace and the operation method according to the present invention have the following excellent effects.
- the temperature of the waste layer in the furnace body is much lower than that of the above-mentioned prior art melting furnace, and the temperature at which the ash starts melting (softening).
- the present invention is configured as described above, the two furnace bodies of the melting furnace and the ash melting furnace are integrated, and the char generated in the melting furnace portion is melted in the ash melting furnace portion, and generated there. It is suitable as a stable waste gasification and melting furnace with high thermal efficiency, which can introduce high-temperature combustion gas into the melting furnace and heat and pyrolyze the waste.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001282571A AU2001282571A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-31 | Waste-gasified fusion furnace and method of operating the fusion furnace |
| EP01961244A EP1347236A4 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-31 | WASTE GASIFYING FURNACE AND METHOD FOR ITS OPERATION |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2000-268857 | 2000-09-05 | ||
| JP2000268857A JP2002081624A (ja) | 2000-09-05 | 2000-09-05 | 廃棄物ガス化溶融炉と同溶融炉の操業方法 |
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|---|---|
| WO2002021047A1 true WO2002021047A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2001/007523 Ceased WO2002021047A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-31 | Waste-gasified fusion furnace and method of operating the fusion furnace |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1347236A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2002081624A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2001282571A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2002021047A1 (ja) |
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| DE20120189U1 (de) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-04-24 | Umweltkontor Renewable Energy AG, 04158 Leipzig | Gleichstrom-Schacht-Reaktor |
| WO2004090422A1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-21 | Dingli Zhou | Method and apparatus for treating medical materials |
| US8701573B2 (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2014-04-22 | Convanta Energy Corporation | Gasification combustion system |
| US8707875B2 (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2014-04-29 | Covanta Energy Corporation | Gasification combustion system |
| US8997664B2 (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2015-04-07 | Covanta Energy, Llc | Gasification combustion system |
| CN106765142B (zh) * | 2016-12-16 | 2023-11-28 | 启迪环境科技发展股份有限公司 | 固体废弃物分级气化系统 |
| CN106765142A (zh) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 启迪桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | 固体废弃物分级气化系统 |
| CN108413412A (zh) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-17 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | 一种线路板的处理系统 |
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| CN111995213A (zh) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种污泥处置工艺 |
| CN112050220A (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-12-08 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | 一种采用等离子体技术净化陈腐垃圾的处理系统及方法 |
| CN112050220B (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-04-14 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | 一种采用等离子体技术净化陈腐垃圾的处理系统及方法 |
| CN112779054A (zh) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-11 | 李冶 | 一种固定床气化炉及排灰排渣方法 |
| CN114891538A (zh) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 洪利进 | 污泥气化处理装置及污泥气化处理的方法 |
| CN116481032A (zh) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-07-25 | 开封市德意环保设备实业有限公司 | 一种等离子体垃圾焚烧设备及方法 |
| CN116592367A (zh) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-15 | 上海煜工环保科技有限公司 | 一种典型危废焚烧灰、渣电感熔融处理系统 |
| CN118184090A (zh) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-14 | 华能烟台八角热电有限公司 | 一种油泥热解气化熔融装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1347236A4 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| AU2001282571A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
| JP2002081624A (ja) | 2002-03-22 |
| EP1347236A1 (en) | 2003-09-24 |
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