WO2002053746A1 - Procédé de production d'alcool prényle - Google Patents
Procédé de production d'alcool prényle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002053746A1 WO2002053746A1 PCT/JP2001/011214 JP0111214W WO02053746A1 WO 2002053746 A1 WO2002053746 A1 WO 2002053746A1 JP 0111214 W JP0111214 W JP 0111214W WO 02053746 A1 WO02053746 A1 WO 02053746A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1085—Transferases (2.) transferring alkyl or aryl groups other than methyl groups (2.5)
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/52—Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/01—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif
- C07K2319/02—Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif containing a signal sequence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing prenyl alcohol.
- Terranoid (isoprenoid) synthesis in vivo is achieved by sequentially condensing isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP, C 5 ) with an allylic diphosphate substrate to produce geranyl diphosphate, a linear prenyl diphosphate.
- GGPP, C 20 geranylgeranyl diphosphate
- hmgR indicates hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase
- GGPS indicates GGPP synthase
- FPS indicates FPP synthase.
- FPP is the most important biosynthetic intermediate, and a wide variety of terdinoids, such as steroids including ergosterol (provitamin D 2 ) and quinones (vitamin K, VK) Side chain, sesquiterpenes, squalene (SQ), anchor molecules of pharmacoproteins, and synthetic precursors such as natural rubber.
- steroids including ergosterol (provitamin D 2 ) and quinones (vitamin K, VK) Side chain, sesquiterpenes, squalene (SQ), anchor molecules of pharmacoproteins, and synthetic precursors such as natural rubber.
- GGPP is also an important biosynthetic intermediate in vivo, including retinol (vitamin A, VA),) 3-carotene (provitamin A;), quinoquinone (vitamin K 1; VK ⁇ tocopherols (vitamin E, VE) ), An anchor molecule of geranylgeranylated protein, chlorophyll side chain, gibberellin, Archia ether-type lipids, and other compounds are essential for biosynthesis.
- IPP in vivo synthesis
- mevalonate pathway a pathway that synthesizes IPP from acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) via mevalonic acid
- M. Rohmer Have revealed a new IPP synthesis pathway using bacteria.
- This is called the non-mevalonate pathway or the DXP (l-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate) pathway, which is a pathway that synthesizes IPP from daliseraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate via 1-deoxyxy lulose 5-phosphate. is there.
- GGOH is currently synthesized by a chemical synthesis method (for example, see JP-A-8-133999).
- chemical synthesis of GGOH requires more steps and costs more than FOH and NOH, which have shorter carbon chains.
- GGOH synthesized by chemical synthesis generally has the same carbon skeleton, but the double bond is obtained as a mixture of (local-type ( ⁇ type) and (-type (cis type).
- ⁇ -GGOH (hereinafter abbreviated as a77-GGOH) is a form synthesized by the metabolic pathway of living organisms and has industrial value. (To obtain a77-local-GGOH in pure form Requires purification using column chromatography or precision distillation, etc.
- the GGOH synthesis substrate is, for example, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( In the cells of Saccha yces cere 'siae), it is supplied via the mevalonate pathway, but the use of HMG-CoA reductase, which is considered to be the key enzyme, only increases the ability to synthesize squalene via FPP synthesis.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing prenyl alcohol by culturing a recombinant transformed with a recombinant DNA for expression containing a prenyl diphosphate synthase gene.
- the present inventor has conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, has been widely used in the fermentation industry since ancient times, synthesizes prenyl diphosphate through the mevalonate pathway or the DXP pathway, and makes full use of various methods related to genetic recombination.
- a host that can be used, for example, a unicellular eukaryote (especially yeast) or a prokaryote (such as bacteria, especially Escherichia coli) as an experimental material
- a prenyl alcohol production system was developed by gene transfer of an enzyme involved in prenyl diphosphate synthesis.
- Genes of enzymes involved in prenyl diphosphate synthesis in yeast (genes of the mevalonate pathway-related enzymes represented by the HMG-CoA reductase gene, ⁇ isomerase genes, various prenyl diphosphate synthase genes, or variants thereof) Or a fusion gene) in a host cell to construct an expression shuttle vector containing a constitutive or inducible transcription promoter and various auxotrophic markers.
- the desired gene or its mutant gene was incorporated into this, and this was introduced into host cells.
- prenyl alcohol particularly geranylgeraniol
- a gene for an enzyme involved in prenyl diphosphate synthesis eg, an FPP synthase mutant gene or - ⁇ -isomerase gene
- prenyl diphosphate synthesis eg, an FPP synthase mutant gene or - ⁇ -isomerase gene
- the present invention is as follows.
- a recombinant is produced by introducing a recombinant DNA for expression or a DNA for genomic integration containing a prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or its mutant gene into a host, and culturing the recombinant.
- a method for producing prenyl alcohol for example, geranylgeraniol, wherein prenyl alcohol is collected from the obtained culture.
- Expression including a recombinant DNA for expression or a DNA for genomic integration, including a prenyl diphosphate 'synthase gene or a mutant gene thereof, and a hydroxymethyl dalaryl-CoA reductase gene or a mutant gene thereof.
- Recombinant DNA or genomic integration DNA is introduced into a host to produce a recombinant, the recombinant is cultured, and then prenyl alcohol is collected from the resulting culture. A method for producing prenyl alcohol.
- Recombinant DNA for expression or genomic integration including the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or its mutant gene, and recombinant DNA for expression or genomic integration, including the isopentenylniphosphate ⁇ -isomerase gene
- a method for producing geranylgeraniol which comprises introducing a DNA into a host to produce a recombinant, culturing the recombinant, and collecting geranylgeraniol from the resulting culture.
- the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene includes any one selected from the group consisting of the following genes (a) and (b) and the fusion gene (c) and (d).
- a fusion gene obtained by adding the nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence represented by His Asp Glu Leu to the gene of (a) or (b) or the fusion gene of (c) above;
- examples of the huanesyl diphosphate synthase gene include those encoding the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4
- examples of the geranylgeraniliniphosphate synthase gene include the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 6. That code for
- a recombinant is prepared by introducing a recombinant DNA for expression or a DNA for genomic integration containing the hydroxymethyldaltharyl-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene into a host, and the recombinant is cultured.
- a method for producing geranylgeraniol comprising collecting geranylgeraniol from the resulting culture after the reaction.
- a recombinant DNA for expression or a DNA for genomic integration containing the hydroxymethyl dalyl-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene and any one selected from the group consisting of:
- the recombinant DNA for expression or the DNA for genomic integration containing the gene is introduced into a host to prepare a recombinant, and the recombinant is cultured. Then, geranylgeranol is collected from the resulting culture.
- a method for producing geranylgeraniol which comprises the steps of:
- geranylgeraniol can be produced at a concentration of at least 0.05 mg / l.
- the host include yeast (for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Escherichia coli.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae for example, Saccharomyces' cerevisiae A451 strain, YPH499 strain, YPH500 strain, W303-1A strain or W303-1B strain, or a strain derived therefrom can be preferably used.
- Transcription promoters include ADH1 promoter and TDH3 (GAP) promoter. Ter, a TEF2 promoter, a 6L4 ⁇ promoter and a tec promoter.
- the host is the same as described above.
- a prenyl alcohol-producing microorganism is cultured in a medium containing any of the following components (i) to (vi), and prenyl alcohol is collected from the resulting culture: A method for producing prenyl alcohol.
- Glucose is the only carbon source component in the feed solution for 12 to 24 hours after the start of the culture, and after 12 to 24 hours from the start of the culture, the feed solution is switched to a component containing ethanol for the culture.
- the ratio of ethanol to the total carbon source component in the feed solution 12 to 24 hours after the start of the culture should be 50% or more, or the carbon source in the feed solution 12 to 24 hours after the start of the culture.
- the carbon source component in the component can be only ethanol.
- feed means that a predetermined solution or component is flowed into or added to the culture solution by an arbitrary method during the culture time, and a component is flowed into or added to one culture tank.
- the culture method is called "feed batch culture”.
- the concentration of prenyl alcohol accumulated in the culture is at least 0.1 g / l, preferably at least 1 g / L.
- prenyl alcohol include geranylgeranol
- microorganisms include yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae A451 strain, YPH499 strain, YPH500 strain, W303-1A strain, W303-1B strain, or a strain derived therefrom can be used.
- the microorganism is preferably a recombinant.
- a recombinant include the following a) or b).
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae A451 strain, YPH499 strain, YPH500 strain, W303-1A strain, W303-1B strain, and strains derived therefrom.
- genes related to the meba gluconate pathway include the hydroxymethyl dalylyl-CoA reductase gene (eg, HMG gene).
- prenyl diphosphate synthase gene examples include any one selected from the group consisting of the following genes (a) and (b) and a fusion gene of (c) and (d).
- microorganisms that can be used in the present invention are prototrophic strains, diploid cells, or prototrophic strains and diploid cells.
- the present invention is characterized in that the pH of the medium is controlled.
- the pH control is performed by using, for example, ammonia gas, ammonium salt solution, sodium hydroxide solution or sulfuric acid.
- ammonia gas for example, ammonia gas, ammonium salt solution, sodium hydroxide solution or sulfuric acid.
- GGOH a77-localization-geranylgeraniol
- GGOH is thought to be a precursor of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP). Generally, GGOH simply increases GGPP synthase activity, but does not contain isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylaryldiphosphate. It is not predictable that GGPP will be produced by merely accelerating the synthesis of GGPP from acid ((3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, DMAPP)) (Fig. 1) In addition, GGPP is a carotenoid-prenylated protein in vivo. Is known only as a precursor for the synthesis of various end products (Fig.
- a recombinant DNA is constructed so that a prenyl diphosphate synthase gene, an HMG-CoA reductase gene, and / or a ⁇ isomerase gene can be introduced into a host cell. It developed a large-scale production system for alcohol, especially GGOH.
- a recombinant DNA for expression for transforming a host can be obtained by, for example, ligating or inserting a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator DNA into a prenyl diphosphate synthase gene.
- a gene expression cassette in which a transcription promoter and a transcription terminator are linked in advance to the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene can be prepared, and this can be incorporated into a vector.
- the order of ligation and insertion is arbitrary, but it is preferable to link a transcription promoter upstream of the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene and to link a transcription terminator downstream of the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene.
- a prenyl diphosphate synthase gene, a transcription promoter, and a transcription terminator may be sequentially incorporated into an appropriate DNA, for example, a vector DNA, or may be incorporated in any order if the direction of transcription is considered.
- Examples of the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene include a phenylnesyl diphosphate synthase gene (referred to as FPP synthase gene) or a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene (referred to as GGPP synthase gene).
- Examples of FPP synthase genes include Saccharomyces cereal cerevisiae) ERG20 (SEQ ID NO: 1), Escherichia coli Escherichia colijispA (SEQ ID NO: 3), Notchils stearosa monomorphus Bacillus stearothermophilus, ⁇ FPP synthase gene (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-219961, Japanese Patent No.
- GGPP synthase genes include, for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae BTS1 (SEQ ID NO: 5), Sulfolobus acidodaldarus Sulfolobus acidocalda ⁇ Tller (JP-A-7-308913, US Pat. No. 5,773,273), ⁇ Thermophilus (73 ⁇ 4a mus thermophilus) Tth GGPS gene (JP-A-9-107974, US Patent 6,107,072). These genes can be isolated by known gene isolation methods. It can be obtained by a method or using a commercially available kit. In the present invention, a mutant of the FPP synthase gene (mutant gene) and a mutant of the GGPP synthase gene can also be used.
- a vector containing a fusion gene of the GGPP synthase gene or its mutant and the FEP synthase gene or its mutant is constructed, and the GGPP synthase gene and the ⁇ Both genes can be linked so that the polypeptide produced by expression of the gene becomes a fusion protein.
- a gene constructed by combining two or more types of such genes so that the expression product becomes a fusion protein is referred to as a “fusion gene”.
- To prepare a fusion gene one DNA is cut with an appropriate restriction enzyme, and the other DNA cut with the same restriction enzyme is read into the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the DNA. A method of connecting the frames so as not to shift is adopted.
- the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or a mutant gene thereof or an amino acid sequence represented by His Asp Glu Leu at the C-terminal of a protein produced by expression of the fusion gene (SEQ ID NO: 24):
- a nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence may be added to the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or the fusion gene so that a modified gene can be prepared.
- the hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase gene (SEQ ID NO: 7) or a mutant gene thereof may be used alone or in the presence of the above prenyl diphosphate synthase gene.
- a prenyl alcohol (especially GGOH) can also be produced by introducing the gene into a host as a fusion gene with (including a fusion gene) and expressing it.
- the above prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or fusion gene and the HMG-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene can be introduced into the host and co-expressed.
- HMG-CoA reductase genes include Saccharomyces' Celepiche HG ⁇ .
- Mutants of the above prenyl diphosphate synthase gene and mutants of the HMG-CoA reductase gene include deletion types in which a partial region (for example, a maximum of 22 to 7 nucleotides in the HMG-CoA reductase gene) is deleted, and wild type.
- Type gene or base sequence of these deletion type genes A mutant gene in which one or several to several nucleotides are deleted, substituted or added in the sequence may be used.
- the amino acid sequence of natural prenyl diphosphate synthase FPP synthase: SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4; GGPP synthase: SEQ ID NO: 6) or natural HMG-CoA Mutations such as deletion, substitution, or addition may occur in one or several (eg, 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 3) amino acids of the amino acid sequence of the reductase (SEQ ID NO: 8).
- amino acid sequence of natural HMG-CoA reductase SEQ ID NO: 8
- the deletion gene as exemplified in FIG. 2B, or the amino acid sequence of the enzyme encoded thereby for example, the nucleotide at the position shown in FIG. 2A
- amino acid substitutions may be made site-specifically in the range of 1 to 10 positions.
- a natural prenyl diphosphate synthase gene for example, SEQ ID NO: 1, 3, 5
- a natural HMG-CoA reductase gene for example, SEQ ID NO: 7
- SEQ ID NO: 7 a natural HMG-CoA reductase gene
- the wild-type HMG-CoA reductase gene HMG-CoA reductase gene ⁇ HMG: n having a substitution mutation of the encoded polypeptide resulting from a base substitution mutation due to a PCR error when (SEQ ID NO: 7) is used for type I) Can be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of base substitution due to a PCR error when the wild-type HMG-CoA reductase gene (SEQ ID NO: 7) is turned into a type III.
- H ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ′ has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and the amino acid sequence encoded thereby is shown in SEQ ID NO: 10.
- nucleotide mutations are represented by the base before substitution (indicated by one letter), the base number when the first base of the initiation codon of the HMG-CoA reductase gene is set to 1, and the base after substitution (indicated by one letter) It is displayed in the order of.
- the amino acid mutation is determined by the amino acid residue before substitution (one-letter code), the amino acid number of HMG-CoA reductase, and the amino acid residue after substitution (1 (Letter notation).
- the PCR One type of base sequence can be partially corrected by site-directed mutagenesis or the like, and such a modified HMG-CoA reductase gene can also be used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of base substitution due to PCR error.
- the base sequence of the above-mentioned PCR error type can be partially corrected by site-directed mutagenesis or the like, and the gene encoding such a modified HMG-CoA reductase (SEQ ID NO: 12) Number 11) can also be used in the present invention.
- HMG-CoA reductase gene including a PCR type 1 encoding a deletion form in which a region predicted to be a transmembrane domain of HMG-CoA reductase is deleted
- a PCR error type HMG -CoA reductase gene HMGr deletion gene H a PCR error type HMG -CoA reductase gene HMGr deletion gene
- FIG. 2B An example of M6 ⁇ Zl is shown (Fig. 2B). The top row is the gene without deletion-? '. The portion indicated by the thin line (1) is the deleted region. In each deletion type gene, hidden G1
- Table 1 shows which region of the 'gene (SEQ ID NO: 9) was deleted.
- the abdominal Gl, deletion gene is represented by HUixxy according to the deletion pattern.
- XX indicates the pattern of the deletion, and y indicates the operation number (arbitrary number).
- ⁇ 026 is displayed as an example of HMG1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ (other deletion patterns are similarly displayed).
- HMGK27-1) 5 'TTT CAG TGC GTT GAA TAG GGG CGG CAT 3' SEQ ID NO: 77
- HMG1 (558-532) 5 'GTC TGC TTG GGT TAC ATT TTC TGA AAA 3' SEQ ID NO: 61
- HMG1 (1573-1599) 5 'CAT ACC AG TAT ACT GCA GAG CAA TTG 3' SEQ ID NO: 62
- HMG1 (2218-2244) 5 'AAG GAT GGT ATG ACA AGA GGC CCA GTA 3' SEQ ID NO: 85
- prenyl alcohol particularly GGOH
- prenyl alcohol can also be produced by introducing the isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase ( ⁇ -isomerase) gene together with the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or a mutant gene thereof.
- ⁇ -isomerase gene c / (SEQ ID NO: 32) derived from Escherichia coli is used.
- prenyl diphosphate synthase mutant gene each mutant gene derived from Escherichia coli ispA (Y79M: SEQ ID NO: 37, Y79E: SEQ ID NO :) 35, Y79D: SEQ ID No. 33) smSm (Y8lM; SEQ ID NO.
- Plasmid DNAs include, for example, YCp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pRS413, pHS414, pRS415, pRS416, YCp50, pAUHll2 or pAURl23, YEp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pYES2 or YEpl3, pRS403, pRS404 , PRS405, pRS406, pAURlOl or pAUR135, etc., and a Yip-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector, a plasmid derived from E.
- YCp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pRS413, pHS414, pRS415, pRS416, YCp50, pAUHll2 or pAURl23
- YEp-type E. coli-yeast shuttle vector such as pYES2 or YEpl3, pRS40
- ColE-based plasmid Pl5A based plasmids such as pACYC177 or pACYC184, pMWll8, pMWll9, pMW218 or pMW219 p SC101 series plasmids, etc., etc.
- plasmids derived from Bacillus subtilis e.g.
- phage DNA Examples include ⁇ phage (Charon4A, Charon21A, EMBL3, EMBL4, AgtlO, Agtll, AZAP), X174, M13mpl8 or M13mpl9.
- retrotransposons include Ty factors.
- a YAC vector is pYACC2.
- a selectable marker gene is often used, If there is an Atssey method, a marker gene is not necessarily required.
- a constitutively expressed promoter or an inducibly expressed promoter can be used.
- a constitutively expressed promoter means a transcription promoter of a gene involved in a major metabolic pathway, and is a promoter having transcription activity under any growth condition.
- the inducible expression type promoter refers to a promoter that has transcription activity under specific growth conditions and has reduced activity under other growth conditions.
- Any transcription promoter may be used as long as it has activity in a host such as yeast.
- promoters, promoters, TDH3 GAP) promoter, ADH1 promoter, TEF2 promoter and the like can be used.
- promoters such as trp, lac, trc, and tac can be used.
- cis elements such as enhancers, splicing signals, poly-A addition signals, selection markers, and the like can be linked as desired.
- selection marker URA3, LEU2, TRP1, HZS ⁇ marker monogenic and to nutritional unsolicited of phenotype indicators such as, Amp f, Tet r, antibiotic resistance, such as Cm Km ff C Genes.
- an evening initiator derived from any gene may be used as long as it has activity in a host such as yeast.
- yeast for expression in yeast, an ADH1 terminator, a CO2 terminator and the like can be used.
- a terminator may also be used for expression in E. coli.
- an SD sequence represented by 5'-AGGAGG-3 '
- the expression vector prepared as the recombinant DNA for gene introduction can be named and identified by displaying the gene name next to the plasmid name.
- Table 2 shows the relationship between one expression vector and its composition when pRS435GAP was used as the plasmid.
- the pRS434, pRS444, and pRS445 plasmids can also be described in the same manner as pRS435GAP by combining with the above promoter. Table 2
- Table 3 shows the relationship between one expression vector and its structure when pRS434GAP is used as a plasmid. Can be described in the same manner as pRS434GAP when pRS435GAP, PRS445GAP, etc. Table 3
- the recombinant of the present invention can be obtained by combining the recombinant DNA of the present invention with various prenyl diphosphate synthase genes or their fusion genes, and / or HMG-CoA reductase genes (including mutants. Same) or ⁇ -isomerase It can be obtained by introducing the gene into a host so that the gene can be expressed.
- the host is not particularly limited as long as it can produce prenyl alcohol, but yeast or pacteria is preferable.
- the recombinant DNA containing the transcription promoter and transcription terminator and the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene, the HMG-CoA reductase gene, the ⁇ -isomerase gene or the genes described in (e;) to (j), Recombinants can be obtained by introduction into fungi, prokaryotes, animal cells, plant cells, etc., including unicellular eukaryotic microbes such as yeast.
- fungi examples include myxomycota, algal fungi (Phycomycetes), ascomycetes (As comycota), borne fungi (Basidiomycota), and individual fungi (Fungi ⁇ mperfecti).
- unicellular yeasts are well known as industrially important yeasts, and examples include ascomycetous yeasts of ascomycetes, basidiomycetous yeasts of basidiomycetes, and incomplete fungal yeasts of incomplete fungi.
- yeast examples include saccharomyces yeast, especially fission yeast, such as budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (also known as baker's yeast), Candida utilis T ⁇ Candida u j7is) or Pichia pastoris. Zosaccharomyces bomb (?? sac charomyces pomb) and the like.
- the yeast strain is not particularly limited as long as it can produce prenyl alcohol.
- S. cerevisiae for example, the following A451, EUG5, EUG8, EUG12, EUG27, YPH499, YPH500, W303-1A, W303-1B ATCC28382, AURGG101, AURGG102, AH1 And YH1 strains.
- an electo-portion method, a spheroplast method, a lithium acetate method, or the like can be employed.
- A451 (ATCC200589, MATa canl leu2 trpl ura3 aroT)
- YPH499 (ATCC76625, MATa ura3-52 Iys2-801 ade2-101 trpl- A 63 his3- ⁇ 200 leu2- ⁇ 1, Stratagene, La Jolla, CA)
- W303-1A MAl Jeu2-S Ieu2-I12 his3-ll ade2- ⁇ ura3-l trpl-1 canl-100
- W303-1B MATa Jeu2-3 Ieu2- ⁇ Y ⁇ his3- ⁇ ade2- ⁇ u 3- l trpl-1 canl-10 0
- AURGG101 (A451, aizr ORZ-C): A451-derived strain established according to the present invention, in which the 7 2-() gene is integrated.
- AURGG102 (A451, aurl GALl-BTSl & A URl-C): A451-derived strain established according to the present invention, which contains the 6LJ promoter, BTS1 and Xminator at the CZS locus at the CZS locus.
- EUG5 EUG5, EUG8 (A451, ERG9p :: URA3-GALl V ): A451-derived strains established in the present invention, including squalene synthase gene ⁇ , transformant selection marker one gene and transcription promoter (
- EUG12 (YPH499, EEG9p :: URA3-GALlp): A strain derived from YPH499 established in the present invention, including ERG9 and URA3 GALlp.
- EUG27 (YPH500, ERG9p :: UBA3-GALlp): YPH500-derived strain established in the present invention, including ERG9 and URA31XS GAL1.
- AH1 strain (pRS434GAP-HMGl / A451): An A451-derived strain established in the present invention, in which pRS434GAP-HMGl has been introduced into A451.
- YH1 strain (pRS434GAP-HMGl / YPH499): A strain derived from YPH499 established in the present invention, in which pRS434GAP-HMGl has been introduced.
- Prokaryotes include archaea and bacteria.
- archaea examples include methane-producing bacteria such as Methanobacterium, halophilic bacteria such as Hacteriom, and thermoacidophilic bacteria such as Sulfolobus wi / ⁇ oZ ⁇ s).
- bacteria various gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria having high industrial or scientific value, such as Escherichia such as Escherichia coJj, or Bacillus subtilis 03 ⁇ 4: // subtilis or) V: ⁇ (Bacillus krev), etc .; Pseudomonas petit (JPseudomo nas, etc.); Agrobacterium ⁇ mefaciens (4 robacterium Corynepterium genus, such as HA ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , Corynebacterium glutsmicuni, Lactobacillus plano, Tara, etc. Lactobacillus plantaruni), Lactobacillus genus, Actinomyces ”) and: ⁇ Treptomyces cetes).
- the recombinant DNA of the present invention is capable of autonomous replication in cells, and at the same time, has a transcription promoter, an SD sequence as a ribosomal RNA binding region, and a gene of the present invention. Preferably, it is configured. It is also possible to appropriately insert a transfer image, a mineral image, and an image. Further, a gene that controls a promoter may be included. Examples of E. coli include, but are not limited to, BL21, DH5a, HB101, JM101, JM109, MV1184, TH2, XL1-Blue, Y1088, and the like.
- Any transcription promoter can be used as long as it can be expressed in a host such as Escherichia coli.
- a motor designed and modified artificially, such as a c promoter, may be used.
- the method for introducing the recombinant vector into bacteria is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for introducing DNA into bacteria. For example, a method using calcium ion, an electroporation method and the like can be mentioned.
- telomere length is a region of DNA sequence located at the end of the DNA sequence.
- DNA is prepared from a recombinant, a primer specific to the introduced DNA is designed, and PCR is performed. Thereafter, the amplification product is subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, or capillary electrophoresis, and then stained with bromide, SYBR Green solution, or the DNA is detected with a UV detector. Confirm the introduced DNA by detecting it as a single band or peak.
- amplification products can be detected by performing PCR using primers previously labeled with a fluorescent dye or the like.
- the prenyl alcohol is the introduced prenyl diphosphate synthase gene or its mutant gene (including a fusion gene), and Z or HMG-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene;
- the recombinant can be obtained by culturing the above-mentioned recombinant containing the mevalonate pathway-related enzyme gene described in e) to (j), and collecting from the culture.
- "Culture” refers to the culture supernatant as well as the cultured cells Alternatively, it means any of the cultured cells themselves or the crushed cells or cells.
- the method for culturing the recombinant of the present invention is performed according to a usual method used for culturing a host.
- Examples of prenyl alcohol include GGOH. The prenyl alcohols accumulate in the culture individually or as a mixture.
- the culture medium for culturing the recombinant obtained using the microorganism as a host is a medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, inorganic salts, etc. that can be utilized by the microorganism and which can efficiently culture the recombinant. If present, either a natural medium or a synthetic medium may be used.
- the carbon source include carbohydrates such as glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose, and starch; organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid; and alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.
- nitrogen source examples include ammonium salts of inorganic acids or organic acids such as ammonia, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate, and ammonium phosphate, or other nitrogen-containing compounds. Corn steep liquor, various amino acids and the like.
- inorganic substance examples include potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic, magnesium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, and calcium carbonate.
- the cultivation is usually carried out under aerobic conditions such as shaking culture or aeration and stirring culture at 26 to 42 ° (preferably 2 to 7 days at 30 ° C when cere'siae is used as a host, E. « ⁇
- aerobic conditions such as shaking culture or aeration and stirring culture at 26 to 42 ° (preferably 2 to 7 days at 30 ° C when cere'siae is used as a host, E. « ⁇
- the host perform for 12-18 hours at 37 ° C. Adjust the pH using an inorganic or organic acid, alkali solution, or the like.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- an inducer may be added to the medium as necessary.
- a promoter when a promoter is used, galactose can be used as a carbon source.
- IPTG When culturing a microorganism (.col) transformed with an expression vector having a promoter inducible with isopropyl-] 3 thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), IPTG can be added to the medium.
- prenyl alcohol When cultured under the above culture conditions, prenyl alcohol can be produced in high yield by the host.
- a jar mentor culturing device or the like can be used for culturing prenyl alcohol in large amounts.
- the introduced plasmid DNAs are pRS435GGF and pRS434GAP-HMGl Can produce 1.5 mg or more per liter of culture medium and 128 mg or more depending on culture conditions.
- the production efficiency of prenyl alcohol can be increased by further adding terpenoids, fats and oils, surfactants and the like to the above-mentioned medium.
- terpenoids terpenoids, fats and oils, surfactants and the like.
- Terpenoids squalene, tocopherol, IPP, DMAPP
- Fats and oils soybean oil, fish oil, 'almond oil, olive oil
- Surfactant Yuichi Jitol, Triton X-305, Span 85, Adekinol LG10 9 (Asahi Denka), Adekinol LG294 (Asahi Denka), Adekino LG295S (Asahi Denka), Adekinol LG297 (made by Asahi Denka), Aderick Nord B-3009A (made by Asahi Denka), Aderick Pronic L-61 (made by Asahi Denka)
- Fat concentration is 0.01% or more, preferably 1 to 3%
- surfactant concentration is 0.005% to 1%, preferably 0.05 to 0.5%
- terpenoid concentration is 0.01% or more, preferably 1 ⁇ 3%.
- a prenyl alcohol-producing microorganism is cultured in a medium containing any of the following components (i) to (vi), and prenyl alcohol is collected from the resulting culture. You can also.
- a Fued batch culture using a feed solution containing any of the following components (i) to ( v ) can also be performed.
- sugar examples include glucose, sucrose, galactose, and lactose.
- alcohol examples include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and butanol.
- a carbon source component in the feed solution a combination of glucose and ethanol is preferable. More preferably, ammonia gas or ammonium salt (for example, ammonium acetate) is added as the pH controlling compound.
- ammonia gas or ammonium salt for example, ammonium acetate
- the ratio of ethanol to the total carbon source in the feed solution may be any ratio, but can be 50% or more, or 100%.
- a prototrophic strain is a strain that has the same phenotype as a wild-type strain in an auxotrophic phenotype.
- auxotrophic mutants are often used as recombinant host strains. To make this auxotrophic phenotype the same as the auxotrophic strain, a wild-type gene for the mutated gene responsible for the auxotrophic mutation can be introduced and the mutation complemented. .
- the mutation can also be complemented by conjugation with another strain having the wild-type gene.
- some of the mutated genes that cause auxotrophy in the genome of GGOH-producing strains are wild-type genes.
- the prototrophy strain can be obtained by substituting and mating with a YPH500-derived strain having a dominant wild-type gene for the remaining mutant gene.
- the target prenyl alcohol is collected by crushing the cells or cells by a homogenizer treatment or the like.
- the cells may be directly extracted with an organic solvent or the like without crushing.
- the prenyl alcohol of the present invention is produced extracellularly or extracellularly, the culture solution is used as it is, or the cells or cells are removed by centrifugation or the like. Thereafter, prenyl alcohol is collected from the culture by extraction with an organic solvent or the like, and if necessary, can be further isolated and purified using various chromatography methods and the like.
- Table 4 shows an example of a preferred combination of a strain and a vector and a relationship between prenyl alcohol production.
- GA 1 GAP HMG1 A 044, ispA Sc AURGG101 0.11 0.11-1.64
- GAP GAL1 HMG1, BTS1 Sc AURGG703 0.05 0.05-0.46 cn
- GAP BTS1 ECG20—HDEL Sc EUG12 1.3 1.3-5.6
- GAP GAP HMG1, ERG20-BTS1-HDEL Sc YPH499 0.1 1 0.1 1-0.29
- GAP GAP HMG1, BTS1-ERG20 Sc YPH499 0.46 0.46-2.1
- GAP GAP, GAP H G1, BTS1- ERG20- HDEL Sc A451 0.05 0.05-5.1
- GAP GAP, GAP HMG1, BTS1-ERG20-HDE Sc YPH499 1.0 1.0-1.9 2.2-5.6
- GGOH production amount 1 indicates a lower limit, 2 indicates a preferable range, and 3 indicates a more preferable range.
- fpsm is stearothermophilus FPSm (Y81 M) gene
- idi ⁇ coli IPP isomerase gene / plasmid is p3—47—13
- ispAm is iE coli ispAm (Y79M) gene / plasmid is pALispA16m
- Plasmid pRS445GG was prepared by incorporating the GGPP synthase gene BTSl into pRS445GAP and introduced into the host strain A451 or YPH499, resulting in increased GGOH production (average about 0.4 mg / l).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the metabolic pathways of mevalonate pathway-related enzymes.
- FIG. 2A is a view showing a pattern of substitution mutation.
- Figure 2B shows the construction of the deleted HU gene.
- FIG. 3 shows the plasmid pRS414.
- FIG. 4 shows the plasmid pYES2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a sequence of a Z7HZ promoter and a terminator.
- FIG. 6A shows the plasmid pRS414PTadh.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the plasmid pRS414TPadh.
- FIG. 7A shows the plasmid pRS434GAP.
- FIG. 7B shows the plasmid pRS434TEF.
- FIG. 7C shows the plasmid pRS435GAP.
- FIG. 7D shows the plasmid pRS444GAP.
- FIG. 7E shows the plasmid pRS444TEF.
- FIG. 7F shows the plasmid pRS445GAP.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing the directions of each mevalonate pathway-related gene inserted into the pT7 vector.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a physical map of plasmid pALHMG106.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing restriction enzyme recognition sites on the ORF182 fragment.
- FIG. 11 is a view showing an expression vector of a B. stearothermophilus FPP synthase mutant (Y81M).
- FIG. 12 is a photograph showing the results of Southern plot hybridization.
- FIG. 13 is a photograph showing the result of PCR mapping.
- FIG. 14 is a photograph showing the results of Northern blotting.
- FIG. 15A is a diagram showing the specific activity of each prenyl diphosphate synthase in a crude enzyme solution.
- FIG. 15B is a view showing the specific activity of each prenyl diphosphate synthase in the crude enzyme solution.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the GGOH production amount of each recombinant when the HMG_? Gene linked to the constitutively expressed promoter was introduced into A451.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the amount of GGOH produced by each recombinant when A451 or AUR GG101 harboring a YEp expression vector containing GALlp-belly G1 was used as a host.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced by each recombinant when the plasmid pYES2-HMG was introduced into AURGG102 and AURGG703.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced by each recombinant when a deletion type H ′ ′ gene was introduced into the vector pYES2 containing GALlp.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced by each recombinant when a deletion gene was introduced into the vector pYES2 containing jo.
- FIG. 21 shows the amount of GGOH produced when the deleted H ⁇ ′ gene was introduced into the vector pYES2 containing
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when the deleted HG ⁇ 'gene was inserted into the vector pYES2 containing 6 ⁇ .
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when recombinant E. coli carrying p4M, pl6M, etc., is cultured in a medium containing IPP and DMAPP.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing primers used for preparing a fusion gene with BTS1, and their positions and directions.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced by introducing the ERG20-BTS1 fusion gene into an A451 strain.
- FIG. 26 shows the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced by introducing the ERG20-BTS1 fusion gene into a YPH499 strain.
- FIG. 27 is a graph showing the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced when the YPH499 strain into which TEF2 ⁇ -secreted G1 was introduced was used as a host.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced when the YPH499 strain into which TDH3-HMGl has been introduced is used as a host.
- FIG. 29A shows the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced using the A451 strain as a host.
- FIG. 29B shows the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced using the A451 strain as a host.
- FIG. 30A shows the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced using the YPH499 strain as a host.
- FIG. 30B shows the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced using the YPH499 strain as a host.
- FIG. 31A is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into A451 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 31B is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into A451 and cultured for 4 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 31C is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pHS435GGFHDEL were introduced into A451 and cultured for 7 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 32A shows the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into AH1 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 32B is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into AH1 and cultured for 4 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 32C is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into AH1 and cultured for 7 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 33A is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG5 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 33B is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG5 and cultured for 4 days at a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 33C is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG5 and cultured for a day with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 34A is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YPH499 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 34B is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YPH499 and cultured for 4 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 34C is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YPH499 and cultured for 7 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 35A is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YH1 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 35B is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YH1 and cultured for 4 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 35C is a diagram showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YH1 and cultured for 7 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 36A is a graph showing the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG12 and cultured for 2 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 363B shows the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG12 and cultured for 4 days with a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 36C shows the amount of GGOH produced when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG12 and cultured for 7 days at a predetermined sugar composition.
- FIG. 37 shows the results of measuring the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when pRS435GGF / YHl (pRS434GAP-HMGl / YPH499) strain was cultured in a soybean oil-containing medium in a jmentor mentor.
- FIG. 38 shows the results of measuring the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when the 15-2 strain was cultured in a soybean oil-containing medium in a jar armamenter.
- FIG. 39 is a photograph showing the results of Northern blot hybridization performed to confirm the expression of the fusion gene.
- FIG. 40 is a photograph showing a result of Western plot.
- FIG. 41A is a graph showing the results of measuring the amount of GGOH produced in a strain in which an HMG-CoA reductase gene and a GGPP synthase gene-FPP synthase gene fusion gene are co-expressed.
- FIG. 41B shows the results of measuring the GGOH production in a strain in which the HMG-CoA reductase gene and the GGPP synthase gene-FPP synthase gene fusion gene were co-expressed.
- FIG. 41C shows the results of measuring the GGOH production in a strain in which the HMG-CoA reductase gene and the GGPP synthase gene-FPP synthase gene fusion gene were co-expressed.
- FIG. 42 is a view showing a flow rate condition of a feed solution.
- the present embodiment includes the following contents.
- An expression vector pRS435GAP or the like is prepared based on genomic DNA derived from Stratagene's pRS vectors, Invitrogen's pYES, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae YPH499.
- Acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase gene, HMG-CoA reductase gene or its mutant gene, mevalonate kinase gene, mevalonate phosphate kinase gene, mevaphate diphosphate decarboxylase gene, isopenteerniline
- An expression vector is produced by cloning the acid ⁇ ⁇ -isomerase gene, the pharmacophoric acid synthase gene or its substitution mutant gene, and the geranylgeranilnic acid synthase gene.
- GGOH prenyl diphosphate synthase expression vector
- a specified medium such as YM7 medium (YM medium adjusted to pH 7 with NaOH), YMO medium, IPP and DMAPP-containing medium, and culture Extract the liquid and separate and quantify prenyl alcohol (especially GGOH).
- Plasmids pRS404, pRS405 and pRS414 were purchased from Stratagene.
- PAURl23 was purchased from Takara Shuzo, and pYES2 ( Figure 4) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA).
- S. cerevisiae genomic DNA we purchased a yeast genomic DNA preparation kit “Gen Toru-kun” from Takara Shuzo and prepared genomic DNA from ⁇ cerevisiae YPH499 according to the attached protocol.
- ⁇ « ⁇ 'genomic DNA was prepared from E. coli JM109 (Takara Shuzo) by the following method. After culturing J M109 in 1.5 ml 2xYT medium, the cells were collected by centrifugation, and 567 H ⁇ ⁇ TE (pH 8.0), 3 il of 20 mg / ml protemase-K (Boe rmger Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and 30 1 After adding 10% SDS and keeping the temperature at 37 ° C for 1 hour, 100 5M NaCl was added and mixed. To this was added 80 l of CTAB / NaCl solution (10% CTAB, 0.7 M NaCl) and heated at 65 ° C for 10 minutes.
- Plasmid DNA from E. coli was prepared using the Wizard Purification Fection Plasmid DNA Purification System from Proinega (Madison, WI).
- the 1 kbp fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis.
- pAUR123 was digested with BamBI, blunt-ended with Klenow enzyme, and then subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis to adjust the ADH1 promoter DHl and Yuichi Minei Yoichi (1.0 kbp including WHlt).
- the 4.1 kbp fragment of pRS414 contains the origin of replication for E. coli and yeast, the transformation marker Amp for E. coli and the auxotrophic marker for yeast TRP1.
- the 1.0 kbp fragment of pAUR123 is between ADH1, ADHlt and Cloning site. The two fragments were ligated with Takara Shuzo DNA Ligation Kit, and then transformed into E. coli SURE2 supercombinant cells (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA).
- Plasmid DNA was prepared from the obtained recombinant, and checked by matching with and Seal, plasmids pRS414PTadh (Fig. 6A) and pRS414TPadli (Fig. 6B) inserted into pRS414 in two different orientations were obtained. Was done.
- the CYC1 transcript was prepared by PCR.
- the following oligo DNA for PCR A combination of XhoI-TcyclFW and Apal-TcyclRV was used as a primer for PCR and DNA, and pYES2 was used as type II.
- XhoI-TcyclFW 5'- TGC ATC TCG AGG GCC GCA TCA TGT AAT TAG -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 40)
- Apal-TcyclRV 5'-CAT TAG GGC CCG GCC GCA AAT TAA AGC CTT CG -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 41)
- CYClt-XA was inserted into the ⁇ -al site of pRS404 and pRS405, and designated as pRS404Tcyc and pRS405Tcyc, respectively.
- SacI-Ptdh3FW 5'-CAC GGA GCT CCA GTT CGA GTT TAT CAT TAT CAA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 42)
- SacII-Ptdh3RV 5'-CTC TCC GCG GTT TGT TTG TTT ATG TGT GTT TAT TC -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 43)
- SacI-Ptef2FW 5'-CCG CGA GCT CTT ACC CAT AAG GTT GTT TGT G AC G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 44)
- SacII-Ptef2RV 5'-CTT TCC GCG GGT TTA GTT AAT TAT AGT TCG TT G ACC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 45)
- SacI-PadhlFW and SacII-Padhl RV were used as DNA primers for PCR, and pAUR123 was used for ⁇ type.
- TDH3 (GAP) transcription promoter 7X> H3 ⁇ 4) (GAPp) SacI-Ptdh3FW and SacII-Pt dh3RV are used for PCR DNA primers for amplification, and SacI-Ptef2FW and SacII for amplification of U motor TEF2p -Ptef2RV was used as a DNA primer for PCR.
- Yeast genomic DNA was used for each template.
- the reaction solution was 0.1 g pAUR123 or 0.46 / xg yeast genomic DNA, 100 pmol primer-DNA, lx ExTaq buffer-I (Takara Shuzo), 20 nmol dNTP, 0.5 u ExTaq DNA polymerase (Takara Shuzo) and 1 Hi Perfect Match polymerase polymerase.
- the amplified four kinds of DNAs were digested with Sacl and SacII, and the DNA fragments of 620 bp, 680 bp, 710 bp and 400 bp were purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and TDH3p and TEF2p human 1 were purified.
- the 1.5 kbp fragment containing (2 ori) was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, blunt-ended with Klenow enzyme, and this DNA fragment was designated as 2 OriSN.
- plasmid DNA was prepared. This was digested with Dralll and Ecc L Hpal, or Pstl and uII, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis to check the insertion of 2 li ori and its orientation.
- PRS404Tcyc prepared, respectively PRS434Tcyc2 Ori Plasmids 2 ori is ⁇ in the same direction as pYES2 to PRS405Tcyc, and pRS435Tcyc2 Ori, pRS404Tcyc, respectively PRS444Tcyc2 Ori plasmids opposite in 2 ori were inserted pYES2 into PRS405Tcyc, P RS445Tcyc2 Ori.
- Table 5 summarizes the expression vectors produced by the present invention.
- the + and-directions of the marker and the transcription unit for expression of the gene indicate downstream and upstream, respectively.
- each YEp-type expression vector was introduced into YPH499 by using Frozen-EZ Yeast Transformation II (Zymo Research, Orange, CA) to check whether the DNA replication region of the prepared YEp-type expression vector functions. Then, colonies growing at 30 on an SD-W agar plate (DOB + CSM (-Trp), BIO101, Vista, CA) were examined (the procedure was according to the instructions included in the kit). Table 6 shows the results.
- a cDNA library "Quick-Clone cDNA" derived from S. cerevisiae D Y746 purchased from Clontech (Palo Alto, CA) was used.
- S. cerevisiae FPP synthase gene ERG20 SEQ ID NO: 1
- the PCR primers are as follows.
- the PGR fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis and cloned into pT7Blue-T (Novagen, Madison, Wis.) By T / A ligation. ERG20 was inserted in the same orientation as ⁇ in pT7Blue-T ( Figure 8). The nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment was determined (SGD (Saccharomyces Genome Database, http://genome-www.stanford.edu/SaccharomycesA. There were no PCR errors at
- the prepared plasmid DNA was designated as pT7ERG20.
- Escherichia coli genomic DNA was converted into type III, and the FPP synthase gene ispA (SEQ ID NO: 3) derived from ⁇ coli was cloned by PCR using the following synthetic oligo DNA as a primer.
- ISPA1 5 * -TGA GGC ATG CAA TTT CCG CAG CAA CTC G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 4
- ISPA2 5'-TC AGA ATT CAT CAG GGG CCT ATT AAT AC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 4
- lx ExTaq buffer 0.5 mM dNTP, 100 pmol ISPA1, 100 pmol ISPA2, 0.2 g E. 100 l reaction solution containing genomic DNA, 5 u ExTaq, 94 ° C for 1 minute, 55 ° C for 1 minute, PCR was performed by repeating 1.5 cycles of 72 ° C for 30 cycles. After digestion of the PCR product with EcoRl and Sphl, a 1.0 kbp DNA fragment is purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, inserted into the EcoL-SpM site of pALTER-Ex2 (Promega), and introduced into E. coli JM109 for gene cloning. went.
- GenBank http: ⁇ www.ncbi.nlm.nin.gov / GenbaiLk / inaex.htm! S. cerev j'sj'ae-derived GGPP synthase gene (ANU31632) (Y. Jiang, et al, J Biol. Chem. 270 (37), 21793-21799 (1995)) to prepare primers that match the N- and C-termini of the protein encoded by the gene, PGR was performed using the mother cDNA library (Clontech No. CL7220-l) as type II.
- N-terminal primer 5'-ATG GAG GCC AAG ATA GAT GAG CT-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 50)
- PCR was performed using Perfect Match polymerase enhancer (Stratagene), 30 cycles of denaturation at 94 ° C for 45 seconds, annealing at 55 for 1 minute, and extension at 72 ° C for 2 minutes. went.
- the 7 ⁇ fragment was cloned into the pT7Blue T vector capable of TA cloning, and the nucleotide sequence of the entire BTS1 region was determined.
- GenBank GenBank
- ExTaq DNA polymerase was used to amplify a 1.2 kbp genomic DNA fragment of the S. cerevisiae acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferase gene (SEQ ID NO: 26) by PCR using the PCR method. Cloned.
- the PCR primers are as follows.
- Primer 1 (SacII-ERGlO): 5'-TCC G CGG ATG TCT CAG AAC GTT TAC ATT GT-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 52)
- Primer 2 (Xbal-ERGIO): 5'-TGC TCT AGA TCA TAT CTT TTC AAT GA C AAT GGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 53)
- PCR was performed at 95 ° C for 45 seconds, 601 minutes, and 72 ° C for 2 minutes for 30 cycles in the presence of Perfect Match polymerase enhancer. It was checked whether the prepared plasmids could be prepared as planned by fflsl, Sad, Ncol, aRl recognition site mapping, and they were named pRS435GAP-ERG10 and pRS445GAP-ERG10, respectively.
- a cerevisiae HMG-CoA synthase gene HAf09 about 1.5 kbp fragment (SEQ ID NO: 27) was amplified by PCR using a cDNA as a type III PCR. However, annealing was performed at 50 ° C.
- the PCR primers are as follows.
- Primer 1 (HMGS-1-2): 5'-ATG AAA CTC TCA ACT AAA CTT TGT T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 54)
- the PCR fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis and cloned into pT7Blue-T by T / A ligation. Was inserted in the opposite direction to ⁇ of pT7Blue (Fig. 8).
- the 39th A when the A of the start codon was the first base, caused a PCR error in the G (A39G; other The same applies to PCR errors below.)
- T223C and A1370G also cause an error in the amino acid that is encoded
- T223C causes an error in Ser at the 75th residue in Pro (S75P, similarly described below)
- A1370G causes an amino acid in K457R. An array error occurred.
- the prepared plasmid was designated as pT7HMGS.
- HMG-CoA reductase gene HMGl (AN M22002) (ME Basson, et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 3797-3808 (1988): arrangement U number 7) in GenBank Based on this, primers matching the N-terminus and C-terminus were prepared, and using this, PCR was performed using a yeast cDNA library (Clontech) as type III.
- N-terminal primer 5'-ATG CCG CCG CTA TTC AAG GGA CT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 56)
- PCR was performed 30 times using a Perfect Match polymerase enhancer, with denaturation at 94 ° C for 45 seconds, annealing at 55 ° C for 1 minute, and extension at 72 ° C for 2 minutes as one cycle.
- HMG1 was cloned into a pT7 Blue T vector capable of TA cloning (this was designated as pT7-HMGl), and the nucleotide sequence of HG ⁇ was determined.
- pT7-HMGl pT7 Blue T vector capable of TA cloning
- the determined nucleotide sequence was partially different from the nucleotide sequence shown in the GenBank sequence, causing a PGR error (Fig. 2A).
- the mutant HMG-CoA reductase gene containing this PCR error is designated as HMG1.
- Plasmid PT7HMG1 was used as cloned HG ⁇ . Also, pALTER- ⁇ was purchased as a vector for site-directed mutagenesis (Promega).
- ⁇ -specific mutation site-directed mutagenesis was performed by the method described in “Protocols and armlication guide, third edition, 1996 Promega, ISBN 1-882274-57-1” of ⁇ ⁇ from jromega. The following three types of oligos for mutagenesis were chemically synthesized.
- HMG1 (1807-1833) 5'-GAATTAGAAG C ATTATTAAGTAGTGGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 59)
- HMGl (2713-2739) 5'-GGATTTAACGCACATGCAGCTAATTTA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 60)
- pT7HMGl was cut with & HaI, ApaLl, 3 ⁇ 4 [, and a 3.2 kbp hired G1 fragment was prepared by agarose gel electrophoresis. This was inserted into the Sma [site] of pALTER-II to produce pALHMGl.
- the above mutation-introduced oligo, Amp repair oligo (Promega) as a repair oligo, and Tet knockout oligo (Promega) as a knockout oligo were annealed, and introduced into E. coli ES1301 (Promega), and then 125 g / ml.
- Transformants carrying the plasmid into which the site-specific mutation was introduced with ampicillin were integrated and cultured to prepare plasmid DNA.
- the sequences corresponding to HMG1 (190-216), HMG1 (1807-1833), and HMGl (2713-2739) were all the sequences of these oligonucleotides. (SEQ ID NO: 11).
- the amino acid sequence encoded by the modified sequence was identical to the amino acid sequence encoded by H "i '(SEQ ID NO: 10) (silent mutation).
- HMGl (558-532) 5'-GTCTGCTTGGGTTACATTTTCTGAAAA-3, (SEQ ID NO: 6
- HMG1 (1573-1599) 5 *-C ATAC C AGTTATACTGCAGAC C AATTG- 3 * (SEQ ID NO: 62)
- HMGl (2458-2484) 5'-GAATACTCATTAAAGCAAATGGTAGAA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 63)
- pALHMG106 The plasmid whose sequence in HMG1 was modified was designated as pALHMG106 (FIG. 9).
- Primer 2 (: ATM-2 ⁇ : 5'-CCG AGC TCT TAT GAA GTC CAT GGT AAA TT C G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 65)
- the PGR fragment was cut with Pstl and Ss, purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and cloned into the Pstl-Sacl site of ⁇ 71 ⁇ ue. This inserts ERG12 pT7Blue in the opposite direction to lacZ (Fig. 8). When the base sequence of the cloned fragment was determined and compared with the SGD sequence, no PCR error was found.
- the prepared plasmid DNA was designated as pT7ERG12.
- A was amplified into type III and amplified.
- the PCR primers are as follows.
- Primer 2 (YSCE -2): 5'-CCG AGC TCT TAT GAA GTC CAT GGT AAA TTC G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 67)
- the PCR fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis and cloned into pT7Blue-T by T / A ligation. Was inserted in the opposite direction to pT7Blue 7ac (Fig. 8).
- the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment was determined and compared with the SGD sequence.A70C, A72G, G146A, C171G, G224C, A306G, T387C, G5 74T> C637G, G638C, G729A, G739A, T759A, A879G, A1222G PCR Was causing an error.
- A70C and A72G cause amino acid T24P
- G146A is G49E
- G224C is S75T
- G574T is A192S
- C637G and G638C are R213A
- G739A is D247N
- A1222G is T408A. Had an error.
- the prepared plasmid DNA was designated as pT7ERG8.
- PCR primers are as follows.
- Primer 1 (; SCU-1): 5'-AAC TGC AGA TGA CCG TTT ACA CAG CAT CC G T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 68)
- Primer 2 (; SCU-2 5'-CGa AAT TOT TAT TCC TTT GGT AGA CCA GT C T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 69)
- the PCR fragment was digested with Psii and UcoRl, purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and cloned into the JPstl-EcoRi site of ⁇ 71 ⁇ ue. Now, ERG19 ⁇ MVDI) is inserted in the opposite direction of pT7Blue (Fig. 8). When the base sequence of the cloned fragment was determined and compared with the SGD sequence, there was no PCR error.
- the prepared plasmid DNA was designated as pT7ERG19.
- a cDNA was amplified to a type III cDNA by a PCR method using an approximately 0.9 kb fragment of S. cerevisiae IDI1 gene (SEQ ID NO: 31).
- primers for PCR primers for PCR, Primer 1 (SCIPP-1) and Primer 2 (SCI PP-2) were used.
- the PCR fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and then cloned into pT7Blue-T by T / A ligation. IDI1 was inserted in the opposite direction to that in pT7Blue-T (Fig. 8). When the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment was determined and compared with the SGD sequence, no PCR error was found.
- the prepared plasmid DNA was designated as pT7IDIl.
- Primer 1 (SacII-ORFl82 (l-23)): 5'-TCC CCG CGG ATG CAA ACG GAA CAC GTC ATT TT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 72)
- Primer 2 (XbaI-ORF182 (549-525)): 5'-TGC TCT AGA TTA TTT AAG CT G GGT AAA TGC AGA-3 '(IB column number 73)
- the amplified 0.55 kbp PCR fragment was cut with Sacli and Xbai, purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and cloned into the Ssdl-Xbal site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP.
- the prepared plasmids were named pRS435GAP-ORF182 and pRS445GAP-ORF182, respectively.
- the Escherichia coli ⁇ -isomerase gene (SEQ ID NO: 32) was previously named OKF182 (by NCBI BLAST search; GenBank accession number AE000372), but Hahn et al. (1999) J. Bacteriol., Named Mj by 181, 4499-4504. P3-47-ll and p3-47-13 described in Hemmi et al. (1998) J. Biochem., 123, 1088-1096 were used as plasmids for cloning £.
- ISPA-D 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA GTC AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC A AC GGC GGC AGC-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 74)
- ISPA-E 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA TIG AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC AA C GGC GGC AGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 75)
- ISPA-M 5'-ATC ATG AAT TAA TGA CAT AGC GTG GAT GCA TTC AAC GGC GGC AGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 76)
- the mutant oligos ISPA-M is the codon 16 th to 18th bases (shown portion 3 bases underlined) encodes a 79 th iy r of the amino acid sequence of the wild-type FPP synthase Therefore, it is designed to code Met.
- mutant oligo ISPA-D and mutant oligo ISPA-E were designed to encode Asp and Glu, respectively.
- the 26th to 31st bases (6 bases are underlined) are designed so that a new ⁇ 22 ⁇ (N sil) site is created by introduction of substitution mutation, and the mutant gene is restricted.
- the sequence is designed to be easily distinguishable by enzyme mapping.
- the mutant oligo has been phosphorylated at the 5 'end with T4 polynucleotide kinase (Promega) and gel-filtered and purified using Nick Culumn (Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden).
- Cm repair oligo Promega
- Tet knockout oligo Promega
- Cm repair oligo, Tet knockout oligo, and mutant oligo were annealed to pALi spA16 denatured by E. coli and transformed into E. coli ES1301 nt; ⁇ (Promega). Plasmid DNA was prepared from E.
- Plasmids containing substitution mutant 3 ⁇ 4a (this is called m) prepared by using pALispA4 as ⁇ and using ISPA-D, ISPA-E, and ISPA-M as mutant oligos were designated as p4D, p4E, and p4M, respectively.
- m substitution mutant 3 ⁇ 4a
- pl5D Plasmids prepared in the ⁇ type are referred to as pl5D, pl5E, and pl5M, respectively.
- pl6D Plasmids prepared in the ⁇ type in pALispA 16 are referred to as pl6D, pl6E, and pl6M, respectively, and plasmids prepared in the ⁇ type in pAL , Pl8M.
- the gene encoding the Y79D mutant amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 34) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 33
- the gene encoding the Y79E mutant amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 36) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 35
- the Y79M mutant amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 38) ) Is shown in SEQ ID NO: 37.
- the plasmid thus obtained was appropriately selected and used.
- pRPS is an expression plasmid in which is integrated downstream of the c promoter of pTVll8N (Takara Shuzo) and expresses the FPP synthase gene derived from B. stearothermophilus in E. coli by IPTG.
- a Y81M mutation that is, a mutation that substitutes Met for the 81st TVr of the amino acid sequence encoded by the FPP synthase gene was performed ( p FPS (Y81M)).
- pFPS (Y81M) is a product in which the reaction product specificity of the encoded enzyme is changed by the introduction of a Y81M substitution mutation, and the FPP synthase gene is changed to a GGPP synthase gene without a decrease in specific activity. Then cut pFPS the (Y81M) at 3 ⁇ 4 BI, was blunt-ended with Klenow enzyme, and purified 2.7kbp fragment containing the transcriptional unit was inserted into the Hindi site of Amp 1 ⁇ the gene of pACYC177. Amp r gene and mutant gene fragments in the same orientation as the pFPS21m the ⁇ plasmid was inserted plasmid in the opposite direction to the PFPS31m ( Figure 11).
- Vectors pRS414PTadh and pRS414TPa dh containing the constitutively expressed promoter ADH2p were treated with restriction enzymes and HMG1 was inserted to prepare plasmids pRS414PTadli-HMGl and pRS414TPadh-HMGl.
- Example 2 (5) pT7-HMGl a 3 a mm produced in, SaR, and Seal process removed HU 'genes with PCR E error sequence, mH i site of this pYES2 (Invitrogen, Carlsb ad, CA ) Was introduced.
- the obtained recombinant vector was designated as pYES-HM G1.
- pYES2 is a yeast expression shuttle vector having an ori of yeast 2 mDNA as an origin of replication and a ⁇ 2 promoter that can be induced by Garruk I ⁇ is (FIG. 4).
- pYES-HMG1 prepared as described above was used as A fragment in which a part of the HMG1 coding region was deleted together with the vector part was prepared. The resulting fragment was blunt-ended with Klenow enzyme, cyclized again by self-ligation, transformed into E.co7i JM109, and plasmid DNA was prepared.
- the synthetic DNA sequences used as primers and their combinations are shown in Table 1 above.
- the 373A DNA sequencer confirmed that the reading frame of the amino acid downstream of HMG1 ⁇ ⁇ in the obtained plasmid DNA was not shifted and that no amino acid substitution due to PGR error occurred near the binding site. ). As a result, the following plasmid was obtained in which no amino acid substitution due to a PCR error occurred near the binding site and the gene could be deleted without shifting the reading frame.
- the deleted arrow HMG1 gene is described as A02y (y represents an arbitrary work number) according to the deletion pattern, and the pYES2 vector containing A02y is described as pYHMG026 (for example, other deletions). The same).
- HMG1 ⁇ 062 SEQ ID NO: 16
- HMG1A 100 SEQ ID NO: 19
- HMG1 M12 SEQ ID NO: 20
- HMG1 M33 SEQ ID NO: 22
- the pRS vector used in this Example which is a K. coli-S. Cerevisiae YEp type shuttle vector having a constitutively expressed transcription promoter, used in Example 1 was used.
- PT7ERG20 described in Example 2 (1-1) was cut with Xbal and ⁇ -tissue, and a 1.1 kbp ⁇ gene fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis. This was inserted into the Xbal-BamHl site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP, and was designated as pRS435GAP-ERG20 and pRS445GAP-ERG20, respectively.
- PALispA4 described in Example 2 (1-2) was digested with Sphl and EcoRi, and a 1.0 kbp is gene fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis. This fragment contains 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ linker DNA (5 ⁇ - ⁇ CCG CGG AAA CAT G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 86)) and EGORI-Eco52l linker DNA ( ⁇ '- ⁇ TGA CGG CCG TC -3' (sequence No. 87)) was ligated and cut with SscLI and Eco521.
- This SadI-Eco521 l.Okbp fragment was inserted into the SacU-Eco521 site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP and subcloned.
- the subcloned plasmids were constructed as planned by mapping the recognition sites of restriction enzymes 3 ⁇ 4d, SacII, Ndel, Nsil ( ⁇ 221), ⁇ , Xbal, Sal, ⁇ , Pstl, NdeL Pvull, and EcoT I. We selected what we could do.
- the selected plasmids were pRS435GAP-ispA and pRS445GAP-ispA, respectively.
- the FPP synthase gene from B. stearothermophilus was cloned directly from a genomic PCR fragment into a vector.
- the pT7Blue T vector described in Example 2 (2) was treated with / ⁇ and SaR to remove the BTS1 fragment, which was introduced into the BamHlXhol site of pYES2 (Invitrogen).
- the obtained recombinant vector was designated as pYESGGPS.
- pYESGGPS was cut with BaHI and MIul, and a 1.3 kbp fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis. This is called pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP
- the plasmids were inserted into these sites, and were named pRS435GAP-BTSl and pRS445GAP-BTSl, respectively.
- Pl6M described in Example 3 (1) was cut with Sphl and EcoEl, and a 1.0 kbp m gene fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis. This fragment was ligated with the Sphl-Sadl linker DNA and the Eco-Eco521 linker DNA described in this example (1-2), and then cut with ⁇ dl and 521. This Sacn-JEc ⁇ il.Okbp fragment was inserted into the Sacil- £ co521 site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP and subcloned.
- the subcloned plasmids were prepared as planned by mapping the recognition sites of the restriction enzymes 3 ⁇ 4cl, Sacll, Ndel, Nsil (EcoT22I), Aor51HI, Xbal, Smal, BamBl, Pstl, Pvull, and ⁇ 14 ⁇ . Selected. Of these, the Nsil ( ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ ) recognition site was the site that was newly introduced when the substitution was mutated, and if it could be cleaved with this, it could be confirmed that it was the ispA mutant gene ⁇ ⁇ .
- the selected plasmids were pRS435GAP-ispAm and pRS445GAP-ispAm, respectively.
- the pT7Blue T vector described in Example 2 (5) was treated with Bamm and SaA to remove the gene imj 'encoding the mutant HMG-CoA reductase due to the PC: R error, and this was pYES2 (Invitrogen) BsmHI-XJioi site.
- the obtained recombinant vector was designated as pYES-HMGl.
- the vectors pRS414PTadh and pRS414TPadh containing the constitutively expressed promoter OH2p were treated with the restriction enzymes Smal and S & R, and the HU gene was inserted into them to produce plasmids pRS414PTadh-HMGl and pRS414TPadh-HMGl.
- the deletion mutant gene of the HMG-CoA reductase gene was cloned into pRS434GAP in the same manner as described above from a plasmid incorporating the deletion mutant thigh G1 derived from pYES2 described in Example 3.
- L 1.3 kbp gene fragment was prepared from pT7ERG8 described in Example 2 (8), and inserted into the & MaHI-> ⁇ I site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP. Plasmids subcloned with ERG ⁇ 9 were selected as planned by Xbal recognition site mapping. The selected plasmids were pRS435GAP-ERG8 and pRS445GAP-ERG8, respectively.
- pT7ERG19 described in Example 2 (9) was cut with BsmHI SaR, a BamBI-SaA 1.5 kbp gene fragment was purified by agarose gel electrophoresis and inserted into the aznHI-Sal site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP. Plasmids subcloned from ERG19 were selected from plasmids that could be produced as planned by Xbal recognition site mapping. The selected plasmids were pRS435GAP-ERG19 and pRS445 GAP-ERG19, respectively.
- a BamBl-SaA 0.9 kbp fragment was prepared from pT7IDIl described in Example 2 (10-1), and p
- the subcloned plasmids were selected as prepared by Ncol and ⁇ nHI recognition site mapping as planned.
- the selected plasmids were pRS435GAP-IDIl and pRS445, respectively.
- ORF182 (ic3 ⁇ 4 was a genome; cloned directly from a PCR fragment into a pRS vector).
- the pYESGGPS described in Example 4 (2-1) was made into type III, and primer PYES2 (l-27) was used.
- PYES2 (l-27): 5'-GGC CGC AAA TTA AAG CCT TCG AGC GTC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 88)
- PYES2 (861-835): 5'-ACG GAT TAG AAG CCG CCG AGC GGG TGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 89)
- This fragment was inserted into the Si site of pAURlOlrakara) to obtain pAURGGll5.
- the absence of PCR errors in the BTS1 gene in pAURGG115 was confirmed by DNA sequencing.
- pAURGG115 was linearized with co065I, introduced into the A451 strain and the YPH499 strain by the lithium acetate method, and YPD agar plate containing lg / ml aureobasidin (1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% dextrose, 2% agar) The colonies growing at 30 ° C above were used as transformants.
- the obtained transformant was selected once again on an o-leobasidin selection plate by single colony selection.
- AURGG101 did not integrate the BTS gene as shown in the Southern blot hybridization ( Figure 12) and PCR mapping ( Figure 13) described below, and replaces with the marker gene ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2- ⁇ 3 ⁇ 47. I know it is.
- a gene map around the squalene synthase gene _E G ⁇ was extracted, and a transcription promoter ERG9p and a PCR primer DNA for amplifying a replacement DNA fragment were designed.
- a 1.8 kbp DNA fragment containing the transformant selection marker gene and the transcription promoter GAL1 V was obtained by digesting pYES2 with Nhel, blunt-ending with Klenow enzyme, and deleting the 2 ori portion by self-ligation p YES2 A was prepared by carrying out PCR amplification with the type.
- the primers used in the PCR are as follows.
- E-MCSf 5'- GCC GTT GAC AGA GGG TCC GAG CTC GGT ACC AAG -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 90)
- E-URA3r 5'-CAT ACT GAC CCA TTG TCA ATG GGT AAT AAC TGA T -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 91)
- the above primer is provided with a ⁇ ajMll05I recognition site (underlined) so that T / A ligation can be performed with a 0.7 kbp DNA fragment containing the downstream portion of YHR189W and a 0.9 kbp DNA fragment containing the upstream portion of ERG.
- the YHR189W fragment was prepared by PCR using the PCR primers YHR189Wf and YHR189Wr to transform the YPH499 genomic DNA into type I
- the _G ⁇ fragment was prepared by PCR using the PCR primers ERG9f and ERG9r to transform the YPH499 genomic DNA into type III.
- YPH499 genomic DNA was prepared using “Gen Toru-kun”.
- ERG9f 5'-ATG GGA AAG CTA TTA CAA T-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 94)
- ERG9r 5-CAA GGT TGC AAT GGC CAT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 95)
- YHR189W-3f 5'-CAA TGT AGG GCT ATA TAT G-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 96)
- the vector was introduced into yeast using a Frozen EZ yeast transformation II kit purchased from Zymo Research (Orange, CA).
- a Frozen EZ yeast transformation II kit purchased from Zymo Research (Orange, CA).
- SGR a Frozen EZ yeast transformation II kit
- CSM CSM
- -URA adenine sulfate
- the obtained recombinants were named EUG (EG9p URA3-GALl ⁇ ) strain, clones derived from A451 were EUG1 ⁇ : 10, clones derived from YPH499 were EUG11-20, clones derived from YPH500 were EUG21-30, W303- Clones derived from 1A were designated EUG31-50 and clones derived from W303-1B were designated EUG51-70.
- Genome DNA was prepared from EUG5, EUG8, EUG12, and EUG27 using "Gene Toru-kun", and PCR was performed using the DNA as a result. As a result, a 1.8 kbp PCR fragment containing 3 ⁇ 43 and p was obtained. It was confirmed that it was integrated upstream of the coding region in the genome.
- the gene expression of the various recombinant yeasts produced (for the production of each recombinant, see Examples 8 to 13 for prenyl alcohol production described below), the enzymatic activity of prenyl diphosphate synthase, The analysis was performed using various methods of Northern blot hybridization, Southern plot hybridization, PCR matching, and measurement of prenyl alcohol production.
- Yeast DNA was prepared using the yeast DNA purification kit "Gen Toru-kun". The procedure followed the protocol attached to the kit.
- DNA prepared from yeast was cut with Ndel and Stul and 3 per lane.
- RNA was prepared by partially modifying the method described in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John ⁇ Viley & Sons, Inc., pp. 13. 12.2-13.12.3. The modification is that the prepared RNA sample was further treated with DNase I.
- the prepared yeast DNA 0.3-0.6 was transformed into a ⁇ -type, and the synthetic oligonucleotide AUR-FWc PCR was performed using as primers AUR-RVc, and each combination of AUR-SAL1 and AUR-SAL2 as primers. PCR was performed under the conditions of 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 55 ° C for 1 minute, and 72 ° C for 3 minutes.
- AUR-RVc 5'-TCA CTA GGT GTA AAG AGG GCT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 99)
- AUR-SAL1 5'-TGT TGA AGC TTG CAT GCC TGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 100)
- AUR-SAL2 5'-TTG TAA AAC GAC GGC CAG TGA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 101)
- Probe I Four types of hybridization probes, Probe I, II, III and V, were prepared.
- pT7ERG20 prepared in Example 2 (1-1) as a ⁇ type
- SCFPS1 and SCFPS2 were used as primers
- a DIG-labeled probe DNA was prepared using a PGR DIG Probe Synthesis Kit (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). The experimental conditions followed the protocol attached to Roche Diagnostics. The PCR was performed under the conditions of repeating 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 58 ° C for 1 minute, and 72 ° C for 3 minutes. In addition, the DIG label probe DNA was checked for the synthesis state by agarose gel electrophoresis after the reaction. Probe II:
- BTS1 (1-21): 5'-ATG GAG GCC AAG ATA GAT GAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 102)
- BTSl (1008-988): 5'-TCA CAA TTC GGA TAA GTG GTC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 10
- Synthetic oligonucleotides HMG1 (1267-1293) and HMGl (2766-2740) were used as primers, and pYES-HMGl (see Example 3 (3)) was used as a type II to prepare DIG-labeled probe DNA in the same manner as probe I. did.
- HMG1 (1267-1293): 5'-AAC TTT GGT GCA AAT TGG GTC AAT GAT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 80)
- a DIG-labeled probe DNA was prepared in the same manner as Probe I.
- AUR-FW 5 * -ATG GCA AAC CCT TTT TCG AGA-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 105)
- AUR-RV 5'-AGC CCT CTT TAG ACC TAG TGA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 106)
- Southern blot hybridization was performed with DIG at a probe concentration of 20 ng / ml.
- each vector into the host can be performed by the lithium acetate method described in Current Protocols Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 13.7.1-13.7.2, or Frozen-EZ Yeast Transformation II. (Zymo Research, Orange, CA) was used in the order of introduction according to the instructions included in the kit).
- the 1-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYES-HMGl into the A451 strain
- the 3-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYHMG044 into A451
- the 13-2 strain was obtained by introducing pYES-HMGl into AURGGIOI.
- 15-2 is the introduction of pYHMG044 into AURGGIOI.
- the No.l-No.10 strain was cultured at 26 ° C. 1 ml of the preculture was washed with physiological saline, added to the 100 ml culture, and placed in a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask at 26 ° C for 1 minute. Culture was performed 120 times per round. The media used were SD and SG (SD in which glucose was replaced with galactose). The recombinant carrying the marker is SD-U (SD plus CSM (-URA)) or SG-U (SG plus CSM (-URA)) medium, and the AURGG strain is Aureobasidin was added to 1 zg / ml. Cell growth was measured at OD, OD 6 . . When the culture reached about 3-4 (23-52 hours), the culture was stopped, cooled in ice, and the DNA preparation, RNA preparation and crude enzyme solution preparation described below were performed.
- the cells were collected from each culture by centrifugation, crushed in a glass bead at 4 ° C as in the preparation of RNA, and suspended in sterile water. The mixture was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 minutes using a microcooled centrifuge, and the supernatant was used as a crude enzyme fraction. The protein concentration in the crude enzyme fraction was measured using BSA as a standard protein by Bio-Rad Protein Assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). The crude enzyme solution 10 was reacted in the following 200 l reaction cocktail at 37 ° C for 40 minutes.
- Figure 12 shows the results of Southern plot hybridization.
- Fig. 13 shows the results of muting by PCR near AUR1. 12 and 13, lanes 1 to 10 correspond to the strain numbers (No .:! To No. 10) used in (6), respectively.
- N indicates Ndel digestion and S indicates a Stul digested DNA lane.
- DNA in each lane was prepared from the following strains.
- Lane 1 A451; Lane 2, AURGG101; Lane 3, AURGG102; Lane 4, pYES-HMGl / A451; Lane 5, pYHMG044 / A451; Lane 6, pYES-HMGl / AURGG101; Lane 7, pYHMG044 / AURGG101, Lane 8 , PYES-HMGl / AURGG102; Lane 9, pYHMG045 / AURGG102; Lane 10, pYHMG076 / AUEGG102 ⁇ (FPP synthase gene) is the same in all strains, and there is no change in the genome around the gene. ( Figure 12).
- BTS1 GGPP synthase gene
- ⁇ ZTS ⁇ ZTS
- each of lanes 1 to 10 is the same as in FIG. One is SD medium
- HU transcript increased remarkably in the strain into which the 6 Up-HO_ fragment was introduced by the plasmid (No. 4-7) by transcription induction in SG medium.
- the upper panel shows HexPP synthase (HexPS) activity
- the lower panel shows PTase (total prenyl diphosphate synthase) activity.
- the gray bars show the results on the SD medium
- the white bars show the results on the SG medium.
- Most of the total prenylniphosphate synthase activity was FPP synthase activity, and the activity was increased by SG medium. In particular, the number increased remarkably in 13-2 strains (No. 6) and 15-2 strains (No. 7).
- the GGPP synthase activity is about 1 / 20,000 of FFP synthase activity and about 300 / th of HexPP synthase activity.
- Hex PP synthase activity decreased in SG medium.
- the gene for the mevalonate pathway-related enzyme was isolated in S. carew'siae cells.
- Each mevalonate pathway-related enzyme gene expression vector was introduced into a host.
- Yeast into which the mevalonate pathway-related enzyme gene was introduced was pre-cultured on an SD selective medium corresponding to the marker gene, and then the pre-cultured solution was replaced with 2.5 ml of YM or SG (galactose in which the glucosyl component of SD was replaced with galactose).
- the cells were cultured at 26 ° C for 4 days by reciprocating shaking at 130 rpm. However, before adding to the SG medium, the cells were washed with physiological saline so that glucose components were not brought in.
- adenine sulfate was added to the medium at a concentration of 40 g / ml.
- Pentane extract fractions were separated, identified and quantified using an HP6890 / 5973 GC / MS system (Hewlett-Packard, Wilmington, DE).
- the column used is HP-5MS (0.25 mm x 30 m, film thickness 0.25 m), and the analysis conditions are as follows.
- the GC / MS analysis conditions in this specification are all the same.
- Table 9 shows the results showing the gene, expression vector, host, culture conditions (medium, temperature, culture time) and the maximum production of GGOH.
- HMG1 A (YEp) + BTS1 (genome)
- YEpJ means that the YEp vector has been introduced
- ⁇ Genome J means genomic integration
- Ec in the column of host means ⁇ colH Sc means S. cereKz'w'ae.
- (20) means a medium in which the initial sugar content in the saccharide component in the YM medium is 20% Glc-80% Gal, and a final concentration of 5% Glc is further added 2 days later. The same applies to other media and values.
- FIG. 16 shows the result of measuring the production amount of GGOH.
- 434 and 444 represent the results when the pRS434GAP and pRS444GAP vectors were used, respectively.
- the graph on the right shows the results when the host (A451) was cultured before gene transfer.
- the plasmid pYES2-HMG in which the HMG1 gene (HMGT that is a PCR error mutant HMG1) was inserted into the vector pYES2 containing the inducible promoter O LJp, was introduced into A451 and AURGG101 (A451, aiz :: Z3 ⁇ 4-Q). .
- GGOH a clone that highly produced GGOH was obtained.
- the amount of GGOH reached an average of l.lmg / 1 with one AURGG10 strain, producing GGOH up to 2.2 mg / l (Fig. 17).
- Inducible promoter HMG1 & BTS1 AURGG102 & AURGG703 Inducible promoter 6? A plasmid pYES2-HMG in which HM7J 'was inserted into pYES2 containing Wp, and AURGG703 which is an A451-derived strain and AURGG102 and YFH499-derived strain. (Integrated into the genome).
- FIG. 19 Marauder Gl A 026 shows the result when pYHMG026 was introduced into A451. The same applies to other genes (the same applies hereinafter).
- GGOH-producing strain When the deleted HMG1 gene was expressed with an inducible promoter, a GGOH-producing strain was obtained. G and HMG1 ⁇ 062 were effective in producing GGOH (average 0.063 mg / l for HMG062 / A451).
- Plasmids pYHMG044 and pYHMG062 in which the deleted 3 ⁇ 4G ⁇ ′ gene was inserted into the vector pYES2 containing the inducible promoter OAL were introduced into AURGG703, respectively. After culturing in SG medium, GGOH production was measured.
- IspA (Y79D), ispA (Y79E), sj3 ⁇ 44 (Y79M), which is modified into GGPP synthase gene by substituting and mutating ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 4 by using pALisp4, pALispl5, pALisp16, and pALispl8 as K coli FPP synthase gene ispA expression vector as expression vectors p4D, p4 E, P 4M, p8M, pl5D, pl5E, pl6D, pl6E, pl6M, pl8E, using Pl8M, also, B.
- stearothermophilus FPP synthase gene fps of Y81M mutant gene to PFPSm21 Using pFPSm31, introduce into E. JM109, add 0.5 ml of preculture to 50 ml / 300 ml fl ask 2x YT, 1 mM IPTG medium, and add antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol) as needed. 5 mM (approximately 0.12% (W / V)) of IPP and DMAPP were added, and cultured with shaking at 37 ° C for 16 hours.
- the obtained plasmid p3-47-13 carrying the ⁇ -isomerase gene was introduced into Rco7i JM109, and 0.5 ml of the preculture was added to a 50 ml / 300 ml flask of 2x YT, 1 mM IPTG medium, and required. If necessary, antibiotics were added (ampicillin, chloramphenicol) and cultured at 37 with shaking for 16 hours.
- the production of GGOH when IPP and DMAPP were added to the medium was 16.1 mg / l and 6.9 mg / l, respectively, when the mutant fps was introduced (indicated by pFPSm21 and pFPSm31 in Fig. 23). l.
- the mutant was introduced, when JM109 carrying p4M, pl6M, and pl8M was cultured, the yield was 15.5 mg / l and 21.9 mg / L, respectively, 6.0 mg / 1 (Fig. 23), and the Y79M mutation was introduced.
- p4M and pl6M high GGOH activity was observed in the precipitated fraction. This suggests that pALispA4 and pALispAl6 express active FPP synthase in ⁇ 7 cells, and their substituted mutant plasmids p4M and pl6M also have sufficient expression activity.
- GGPP synthase encoded by S. cerevisiae BTSl prefers FPP over DMAPP (dimethyl allyl diphosphate) as a primer substrate. Then, in order to enhance the ability of IPP to synthesize GGOH, a precursor of GGOH, it was thought that it was necessary to simultaneously enhance the ability to synthesize pharynesyl diphosphate.
- a fusion gene of and K3 ⁇ 4 was prepared, and the fusion gene was expressed in S. cerevisiae cells to determine whether the GGOH-producing ability was improved.
- PCR was performed using pYESGGPS, in which the GGPP synthase gene BTS1 was incorporated into pYES2, and pT7ERG20, in which the FPP synthase gene ERG20 was incorporated in pYES2, in type III.
- the PCR primers used are as follows.
- SacII-BTSl 5'-TCC CCG CGG ATG GAG GCC AAG ATA GAT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 107)
- BTSl-XhoI 5 * -CAA CTC GAG TCA CAA TTC GGA TAA GTG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 108)
- ERG20HDEL-XbaI 5'-GCT CTA GAG TTC GTC GTG TTT GCT TCT CT T GTA AAC TT-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 109)
- BTSlHDEL-XhoI 5'-TAT CTC GAG TCA CAA TTC GTC ATG TAA ATT GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 110)
- BTSI-109I 5'-GCA GGG ACC CCA ATT CGG ATA AGT GGT C-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 111)
- ERG20-109I 5'-GCA GGG ACC CTT TGC TTC TCT TGT AAA CT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 113)
- T7 5'-TAA TAG GAC TCA CTA TAG GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 116)
- ERG20HDEL-XbaI 5'-GCT CTA GAG TTC GTC GTG TTT GCT TCT C TT GTA AAC TT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 117)
- BTSIHDEL-Xhol 5'-TAT CTC GAG TCA CAA TTC GTC ATG TAA ATT GG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 118)
- the 3rd to 8th bases of ERG20HDEL-XbaI and the 4th to 9th bases of BTSIHDEL-Xhol are used for vector concatenation; 3 ⁇ 4dl, Xhol Or 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Indicates the recognition site.
- the 4th to 10th bases of BTSI-109I, 109I-BT Sl, ERG20-109I, and 109I-ERG20 are recognition sites for the production of fusion genes. Show.
- KOD-Plus contains 1.6 g / l KOD antibody.
- the reaction was performed at 94 ° C for 2 minutes, followed by 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 15 seconds, 55 ° C for 30 seconds and 68 at 1 minute, followed by incubation for 68 minutes.
- the 1st PCR was performed using the following combinations of type I and primers (primer 1, primer 2).
- PCR product names are also shown in Table 10 and FIG. In FIG. 24, the final plasmid name is shown in the leftmost column.
- the sequences shown in gray letters indicate amino acid sequences, of which GS was introduced into the binding sequence of the fusion gene, and HDEL was inserted as an endoplasmic reticulum translocation signal. Wedge arrows indicate the position and orientation of the primers used in the PCR.
- # 9- # 11 was cut with Sadl and BsmFU, they were inserted into the SacLH m site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP to obtain pRS435GGF and pRS445GGF, respectively.
- # 10- # 12 was cleaved with Xbal and Xhol, they were inserted into the Xbal-Xhol sites of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP to obtain pRS435FGG and pRS445FGG, respectively.
- # 10- # 14 was cleaved with Xbal and Xhol, they were inserted into the Xbal-Xhol sites of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP to obtain pRS435FGGHDEL and pRS445FGGHDEL, respectively.
- # 7 was digested with Ssdl and Xbal, it was inserted into the Sacll-Xbai site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP to obtain pRS435FHDEL and pRS445FHDEL, respectively.
- 76 # 6 was cut with BamHI and Xhol and inserted into the B thigh Hoi site of pRS435GAP and pRS445GAP to obtain pRS435GGHDEL and pRS445GGHDEL, respectively.
- the prepared plasmid DNA was confirmed to have the designed base sequence by DNA sequencing.
- ERG20 As an expression vector for non-fusion gene BTS1, ERG20, pRS435GAP-BTSl (referred P RS435G), (referred to p S445GG) pRS445GAP-BTSl, (referred P RS435F) pRS435GAP- ERG20, utilizing pRS445GAP-E G20 (referred pRS445FG), PRS434TEF-HMGl and pRS434 GAP-HMG1 were used as plasmids used for HMGl expression.
- P RS435G pRS435G
- p S445GG p S445GG
- pRS445GAP-BTSl As an expression vector for non-fusion gene BTS1, ERG20, pRS435GAP-BTSl (referred P RS435G), (referred to p S445GG) pRS445GAP-BTSl, (referred P RS435F) pRS435
- the recombinant was prepared by introducing the plasmid prepared as described above into a host using Frozen EZ yeast transformation kit of Zymo Research (Orange, CA). A451, YPH499, AH1 (pRS434GAP-HMG1 / A451), YHl (pRS434GAP-HMGl YPH499), EUG5 and EUG12 were used as hosts.
- Recombinants other than EUG strain are inoculated into SD (synthetic dextrose) selective liquid medium,
- the UG strain was inoculated into SGR (SD in which the glucose component of SD was replaced with galactose and raffinose) and cultured at 30 ° C to obtain a pre-culture solution.
- SGR standard in which the glucose component of SD was replaced with galactose and raffinose
- YM7 + ade YM, pH7, 40 g / ml adenine sulfate
- YMO YM
- Table 1 shows a list of the maximum production of geranylgeraniol obtained by the fusion gene expression.
- pRS435GGF Sr FUG5 YM 30 95 20 pRS435GGF Sc EUG5 YM 30 -J 68 732 pRS435GGF Sc EUG5 YMG 30 9g 1 20 pRS435GGF Sc EUG5 YO 30 Sc EUG12 YM 30 168 1.18 pRS435GGF Sc EUG12 YMO 30 96 2.38 pRS435GGF Sc EUG12 YMO 30 168 5.02 pRS445GGF Sc EUG12 YM 30 96 3.25
- PRS435GGFHDE then Sc EUG5 YM 30 96 5.78
- PRS435GGFHDE then Sc EUG5 YMO 30 168 10.6
- PRS435GGFHDE then Sc EUG12 YMO 30 168 5.78
- EUG EUG (ERG9p :: URA3-GAL1 p)
- HMG1 A PRS434GAP-HMG026 Sc EUG12 YM 30 96 0.629 pRS434GAP-HMG044 Sc EUG12 YM 30 96 0.428
- Figure 25 shows the change in prenyl alcohol production when the fusion gene was expressed with A451.
- 435GGF indicates pRS435GGF and 435GGFHDE
- FIG. 80 L indicates pRS435GGFHDEL (the same applies hereinafter).
- OD indicates the absorbance at 600 nm.
- Figure 25 also shows the results (435GG) when an expression vector incorporating a non-fused gene was introduced into A451.
- PS445GAP-BTS1 (indicated as “445GG / A451” in the figure) was introduced, an average GGOH production of 0.44 mg / 1 was observed.
- Figure 26 shows the change in GGOH production when the fusion gene was expressed in YPH499.
- 499 indicates YPH499
- 435GGF indicates pRS435GGF
- 445GGFFHDEL indicates pRS445GGFHDEL (the same applies hereinafter).
- FIG. 26 shows the results obtained when the expression vector incorporating a gene other than the fusion gene was introduced into YPH499.
- PRS435GAP-BTS1 (indicated as “435GG / 499j” in the figure) showed an average GGOH production of 0.11 mg / 1, and pRS435 FGG incorporating ERG20 and BTS1 fusion gene (indicated as “435FGG / 499” in the figure) GGOH, pR S435GGF with an average of 0.20 mg / 1 when introduced (indicated as “435GGF / 499” in the figure) 0.39 mg / 1 ⁇ D GGOH.
- PRS35GGFHDEL with an average introduced (indicated as “435GGFHDEL / 499” in the figure) GGOH production at an average of 0.62 mg / 1 was observed, indicating that the GGOH productivity was improved by the fusion gene and HDEL sequence.
- the present inventors have found that, in YPH499, a strain into which HM6 ⁇ expression vector has been introduced, pRS434G AP-HMG1 / YPH499 (YH1) and pRS434TEF-HMGl / YPH499 as a host, and a strain that produces more GGOH by co-expression with HMG1. I thought it might be obtained.
- FIG. 27 shows the amount of prenyl alcohol produced when the previously prepared pRS434TEF-HMGl was introduced into YPH499 as a host and an expression vector containing a non-fusion gene or a gene was further introduced.
- 434TEFp-HMG1 represents a strain into which pRS434TEF-HMG1 has been introduced.
- TJEF & is a gene transcription promotion event.
- 499 indicates ⁇ 499
- 435F indicates pRS435GGF
- 445F indicates pRS445GGF (the same applies hereinafter).
- GGOH production was 0.11 mg / 1.
- BTS1 expression was carried out using the TEF2 ⁇
- 434GAPp-HMG1 represents a strain into which pRS434GAP-HMG1 has been introduced.
- GAfII is the transcriptional promoter of the gene.
- the prenyl diphosphate synthase gene into which the HDEL signal was introduced was co-expressed with HMG1, and the productivity of GGOH was improved by introducing the ⁇ 73 ⁇ 4 fusion gene.
- the GGOH-producing transgenic strain which is a GGOH-producing strain prepared in the present invention, was cultured for 4 to ⁇ days on a ⁇ 7 ( ⁇ , ⁇ 7) medium and a ⁇ ( ⁇ 7, 0.1% After culturing, prenyl alcohol production was measured.
- the results when the A451 strain was used as a host were shown in FIGS. 29A and 29B, and the results when the YPH499 strain was used as a host are shown in FIGS. 30A and 30B.
- AH1 indicates pRS434GAPp-HMG1 / A451.
- GGFHDEL indicates pRS435GGFHDEL.
- P RS435GGF / A451 is production of when cultured 7 days YM7 medium (FIG. 29A, upper panel GGF / A451 -2) while were averaged 0.26 mg / 1 GGOH, average 0.98 mg is in YMO medium / 1 ( Figure 29B, GGF / A451 -2 in the upper panel) and production increased. Even when the AH1 strain in which PRS434GAP-HMG1 was introduced into A451 was used as a host, pRS43
- GGOH productivity by YMO medium was also observed when the YFE499 strain was used as a host (Figs. 30A and 30B), and the average of 0.19 mg / 1 when pRS435GGF-introduced YPH499 was cultured in YM7 for 7 days. (Fig. 30A, upper panel GGF / YPH499-2), and YMO medium produced an average of 2.5 mg / 1 GGOH (Fig. 30B, upper panel GGF / YPH499-2).
- the vector was introduced into yeast using the Frozen EZ yeast transformation II kit from Zymo Research (Orange, CA).
- PRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were used as ERG20 and fusion gene expression vectors. Also, with the host
- Transformants were grown on selective medium agar plates based on SGR medium, with appropriate auxotrophy as an index. For cloning, selective medium agar plate culture was performed twice. Pre-culture the prepared transformant in SGR selective medium, add 0.01-0.05 mi of pre-cultured solution to 1-5 nil of ⁇ 7 each, and in a test tube of 18 mm diameter at 30 and reciprocal shaking at 130 rpm. Cultured.
- Glc-100% Gal 20% Glc-80% GaL 50 Glc-50% GaL 75% Glc-25% GaL 100% Glc-0% as sugar component (composition ratio of Glc and Gal) of YM7 medium
- Each medium with a Gal composition was prepared, and cultured in these mediums at 30 ° (130 rpm, forward and reverse shaking culture conditions. After 2 days of culture, Glc was further added to a final concentration of 5%. Culture was continued until day 7.
- Figures 31A-C show the results of GGOH production when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into A451. In this case, GGOH was hardly detected. Characteristically, when pRS435GGFHDEL / A451 was cultured for 4 days, GGOH production reached the maximum value (average 0.56 mg / l) at an initial condition of 20% Glc.
- GGOH production results when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into AH1 are shown in FIGS. 32A-C. Even with AH1 into which the SHG ⁇ i? Fusion gene was introduced, the GGOH production reached the maximum in the case of 2-4 days culture when the initial conditions were 20% Glc (3.32 mg / l), and the 7 days culture In the case of, the production of GGOH was maximum when the initial conditions were 50-80% Glc (average 4.13 mg / l).
- Figures 33A-C show the results of GGOH production when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG5.
- the culture under 2-4 days and the initial conditions of 20-80% Glc were favorable.
- PRS435GGF in YPH499 the results of Pureniruaru call production when introduced P RS435GGFHDEL shown in FIG. 34A-C.
- P RS435GGFHDEL the results of Pureniruaru call production when introduced P RS435GGFHDEL shown in FIG. 34A-C.
- FIGS. 35A-C The results of prenyl alcohol production when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into YH1 are shown in FIGS. 35A-C.
- G GOH production was high when the initial condition was 100% Glc.
- Figures 36A-C show the results of prenyl alcohol production when pRS435GGF and pRS435GGFHDEL were introduced into EUG12.
- high productivity of prenyl alcohol was shown when the initial condition was 20% Glc.
- PRS435 preferentially produces GGOH at 5.6 mg / 1 to produce large quantities of GGOH
- the GGF / YH1 strain (see Example 10) was cultured using a jar arm mentor under the following conditions.
- GGOH was produced at a rate of 128 mg / 1 after culturing for 115 hours.
- squalene (SQ) was 15 mg / L
- FOH was 5 mg / L nerolidol (NOH) was almost 0, and a system capable of producing large amounts of GGOH alone could be produced (Fig. 37). .
- the 15-2 strain described in Example 7 was inoculated from a slant into a GSM-U; RA (manufactured by BIO101) and DOB (manufactured by BIO101) medium (triangle flask with 200rnl / 500ml baffle). Then, the cells were cultured at 30 and 130 rpm for 2 days. Next, centrifugation (1500 rpm, 5 minutes, 4 ° C) and washing with sterilized saline were repeated three times to completely remove glucose contained in the culture solution.
- the cells were cultured in a jar arm mentor using 50 ml of the preculture solution under the same conditions as in (l) pRS35GGF / YHl.
- the culture medium used was the following medium and cultured at a temperature of 26 ° C.
- transcript analysis and translation product analysis were performed by Northern blot hybridization and Western blot.
- PRS435GGFHDEL shows P RS435GGF
- the probe used was a DNA fragment in the ZJS gene coding region encoding tubulin, a probe described in Table 7 in Example 7, a BTS1 probe, and a ⁇ probe.
- the TUB1 probe was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7 using the following oligonucleotides TUBlf-2 and TUBlr-2, and the RNA preparation, Northern plot, and hybridization conditions were also performed in the same manner as in Example 7. .
- TUBlf-2 5'-ACG GTAAGAAAT CCAAGC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 119)
- TUBlr-2 5'-TAT GAG TCG GCA CCC ACT-3 * (SEQ ID NO: 120)
- GGF RNA sample from a cell into which no plasmid containing prenyl diphosphate synthase has been introduced
- GGF RNA sample from a cell into which no plasmid containing prenyl diphosphate synthase has been introduced
- GGF RNA sample from a cell into which no plasmid containing prenyl diphosphate synthase has been introduced
- GGF RNA sample from a cell into which no plasmid containing prenyl diphosphate synthase has been introduced
- GGF RNA sample from a cell into which no plasmid containing prenyl diphosphate synthase has been introduced
- BDEL is an RNA sample derived from a recombinant transfected with pRS435GGFHDEL
- HMG1 is a RNA sample derived from a recombinant
- a polypeptide having the following amino acid sequence is chemically synthesized according to the C-terminal sequence of the polypeptide encoded by ERG20 and BTS1, and this is used as an antigen by a conventional method (FM Ausubel et al. Ed, "Short Protocols m Molecular Biolosrv, Fourth Edition Mouse antibodies were prepared according to "(1999) John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, et al.). The following peptide was used as an antigen after cross-linking to KLH (Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin) using 2 mg.
- KLH Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin
- BTS1-C NH2 Cys Tyr lie lie Asp His Leu Ser Glu Leu COOH (SEQ ID NO: 121)
- ERG20-C NH2 Cys Leu Asn Lys Val Tyr Lys Arg Ser Lys COOH (SEQ ID NO: 122)
- Proteins were prepared from 6 strains of YPH499, pRS435F / YPH499, pRS435GGF / YPH499, pRS435FGG / YPH499 ⁇ P RS435GGFHDEL / YPH499, pRS435GGF / YHl as follows, and Western blot analysis was performed.
- Each cell is a selective medium (SD medium DOB (dropout base: minimum medium using glucose as a carbon source for YPH499) plus CSM (complete supplement mixture) as an amino acid or nucleic acid component), pRS435F / SD-L (SD medium minus Leu) medium for YPH499, SD-L medium for pRS435GGF / YPH499, SD-L medium for pRS435FGG / YPH499, SD-L medium for pRS435GGFHDEL / YPH499, pRS435GGF / For Y Hi, use SD-LW (SD medium without Leu and Trp) medium) and dilute with physiological saline to measure the absorbance at 600 nm and equalize the bacterial volume.
- SD medium DOB dropout base: minimum medium using glucose as a carbon source for YPH499
- CSM complete supplement mixture
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01272514A EP1354955A4 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING PRENYL ALCOHOL |
| CA002433529A CA2433529A1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | Process for producing prenyl alcohol |
| JP2002555252A JP3894119B2 (ja) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | プレニルアルコールの製造方法 |
| US10/451,643 US7501268B2 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | Methods of producing prenyl alcohols |
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| JP2000-403067 | 2000-12-28 | ||
| JP2000403067 | 2000-12-28 |
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| WO2002053746A1 true WO2002053746A1 (fr) | 2002-07-11 |
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| PCT/JP2001/011214 Ceased WO2002053746A1 (fr) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-12-20 | Procédé de production d'alcool prényle |
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| US (1) | US7501268B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1354955A4 (ja) |
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- 2001-12-20 CN CNA018227147A patent/CN1491282A/zh active Pending
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| JP2010279290A (ja) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | 組換え酵母、当該組換え酵母を用いた分岐アルコールの製造方法 |
| KR20140033002A (ko) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-03-17 | 오르가노발란스 게엠베하 | 테르펜을 생산하기 위한 효모 세포와 이의 용도 |
| JP2014510524A (ja) * | 2011-02-28 | 2014-05-01 | オルガノバランス ゲーエムベーハー | テルペンの生産のための酵母細胞およびその使用 |
| KR101944841B1 (ko) | 2011-02-28 | 2019-02-01 | 노보자임스 에이/에스 | 테르펜을 생산하기 위한 효모 세포와 이의 용도 |
| JP2018537075A (ja) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-12-20 | バックマン ラボラトリーズ インターナショナル,インコーポレイティド | 発酵による生物産物の製造のための酵母成長の増強方法、及び該方法のための栄養組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1491282A (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
| EP1354955A4 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
| JPWO2002053746A1 (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
| US7501268B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
| CA2433529A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
| JP3894119B2 (ja) | 2007-03-14 |
| EP1354955A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| US20070087425A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
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