WO2003015187A2 - Supraleitendes material - Google Patents
Supraleitendes material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003015187A2 WO2003015187A2 PCT/EP2002/008565 EP0208565W WO03015187A2 WO 2003015187 A2 WO2003015187 A2 WO 2003015187A2 EP 0208565 W EP0208565 W EP 0208565W WO 03015187 A2 WO03015187 A2 WO 03015187A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cuprate
- material according
- nickel
- powder
- cations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0436—Passive magnetic bearings with a conductor on one part movable with respect to a magnetic field, e.g. a body of copper on one part and a permanent magnet on the other part
- F16C32/0438—Passive magnetic bearings with a conductor on one part movable with respect to a magnetic field, e.g. a body of copper on one part and a permanent magnet on the other part with a superconducting body, e.g. a body made of high temperature superconducting material such as YBaCuO
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/80—Constructional details
- H10N60/85—Superconducting active materials
- H10N60/855—Ceramic superconductors
- H10N60/857—Ceramic superconductors comprising copper oxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Definitions
- the invention relates to superconducting material based on cuprate, which contains lithium, magnesium and / or nickel ions.
- the term “superconductive material based on cuprate material” refers to all those oxide ceramics which contain CuO, have superconducting properties at a sufficiently low temperature and can be processed further into semi-finished products under suitable conditions, e.g. B. for the formation of, in particular, melt-textured moldings, in layer form, applied to tapes or substrates, as wire, in "powder-in-tube -" form or as a target in coating processes.
- Superconducting bodies e.g. B. melt-textured moldings can be used for example for cryomagnetic applications with higher external magnetic fields. For example, components in electric motors can be involved. Depending on the strength of the external magnetic field, it was observed that the larger the external magnetic field, the lower the critical current density. It is an object of the present invention to provide superconductive material based on cuprate material which can be processed further into shaped articles with an increased critical current density in the presence of external magnetic fields. This object is achieved by the cuprate-based material according to the invention.
- the superconductive material based on cuprate material according to the invention is characterized by a content of lithium, magnesium and / or nickel cations. The lithium, magnesium or nickel is usually in the form of the oxide.
- Material which contains 0.006 to 0.8% by weight of nickel and / or 0.002 or 0.2% by weight of magnesium and / or 0.006 to 0.06% by weight of lithium is preferred.
- 0.1 to 0.4% by weight of nickel and / or 0.03 to 0.15% by weight of magnesium and / or 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of lithium are preferably contained.
- the material according to the invention is preferably in particulate form, so that it can be further processed into semi-finished products or other bodies, preferably into melt-textured shaped bodies. It is preferably in powder form.
- cuprate material is cuprate material of the rare earth, alkaline earth metal cuprate type, and cuprate material of the bismuth (lead) alkaline earth metal, copper oxide type. These materials are known per se; Well-suited materials have already been mentioned at the beginning.
- Bismuth-strontium calcium cuprate with an atomic ratio of 2: 2: 1: 2 and 2: 2: 2: 3 can be used, with the latter being able to replace part of the bismuth with lead.
- the bismuth strontium calcium cuprates with modifications in the stoichiometry of the aforementioned atomic ratios are of course also usable.
- Superconducting cuprate material as a base is known per se.
- Bi-containing cuprates are e.g. B. described in: EP-A 0 336 450, DE-OS 37 39 886, EP-A 0 330 214, EP-A 0 332 291 and EP-A 0 330 305.
- RE stands for one or more of the elements Y (this element is preferred), La, Nd or other lanthanide metals, AE means barium, which can be partially replaced by Sr and / or Ca, M stands for Li, Mg or Ni and 0 , 0002 ⁇ x ⁇ 2-10 ⁇ 2 and -0.8 ⁇ ⁇ 0.2. Kn ⁇ 1, 5 and 2>m> 1, 5 also apply. Preferred is 0, 0005 ⁇ x ⁇ 0, 01. A part (up to 50 atom%) of the Li, Mg or Ni can be replaced by zinc.
- AE is yttrium and AE is barium (i.e., yttrium-barium cuprate).
- the powder according to the invention has a particle size distribution in which 90% of all particles have a diameter below 35 ⁇ m.
- the YBa 2 Cu 3 ⁇ 7 _ x powder which preferably already contains the lithium, magnesium or nickel cations, can be converted into moldings in a manner known per se. It is usually pressed and shaped, ie it is compacted.
- the powder can be produced in a manner known per se by mixing yttrium oxide, barium oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium oxide and / or nickel oxide or their precursors.
- Yttrium is usually used in the form of Yttrium oxide, the copper in the form of the copper oxide and the barium in the form of the barium carbonate.
- Magnesium oxide or lithium oxide can also be generated from decomposed carbonate in situ. The conversion of the raw materials (metal oxides or carbonates) into superconducting powder is known.
- German Patent DE 42 16 545 Cl Such a method is disclosed in German Patent DE 42 16 545 Cl.
- the material is heated up to a heating temperature of 950 ° C in a multi-stage temperature treatment and then cooled again.
- Preferred melt-textured moldings can then be produced by mixing the powder according to the invention with the desired fluxpinning additive, optionally grinding the powder in order to achieve the desired particle size, and then subjecting it to a temperature treatment.
- the powder material is expediently pressed uniaxially into green compacts. Then the melt texturing takes place.
- Various types of bodies can be produced, for example shaped bodies, in particular by melt texturing.
- International patent application WO 97/06567 discloses a yttrium barium cuprate mixture which is particularly suitable for the production of melt-processed high-temperature superconductors with high levitation force. It is important with this mixture that less than 0.6% by weight of free copper oxide which is not bound in the yttrium barium cuprate phase and less than 0.1% by weight of carbon are present.
- additives are added which form "pinning" centers or promote their formation. These centers enable the critical current density in the superconductor to be increased.
- additives which promote fluxpinning are Y 2 BaCu0 5 , Y 2 0 3 , Pt0 2 , Ag 2 0, Ce0 2 , Sn0 2 , Zr0 2 , BaCe0 3 and BaTi0 3 . These additives can be added in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight.
- the yttrium barium cuprate powder is set at 100% by weight.
- Platinum oxide for example, is expediently added in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight.
- DE-OS 38 26 924 deposition from homogeneous solution
- thick layers in tape form or wire form with an intermediate layer by calcining a precursor phase applied to the support EP-A 0 339 801
- layer deposition by PVD Process EP-A 0 299 870
- CVD process EP-A 0 388 754
- wire in the form of a ceramic powder-filled metal tube wire in the form of a ceramic powder-filled metal tube (powder-in-tube technology)
- DE-OS 37 31 266 DE-OS 37 31 266.
- EP-A 0 375 134 discloses a glass ceramic molded body
- EP-A 0 362 492 discloses a cast body that solidifies from the melt.
- the superconducting bodies can be present in the "powder in tube”.
- the material is in powder form within a metal tube (made of silver, for example). They are flexible, wire-like structures.
- the shaped bodies which can be produced with the material according to the invention have as an advantage a substantially higher critical current density, which is constant over a large range, than bodies produced for comparison with corresponding cations if the bodies have an external one Magnetic field works. This is attributed to the Li, Mg and Ni cations.
- the higher critical current density is already noticeable at low field strengths, for example in the range from 0 to 1 Tesla.
- the bodies according to the invention have an approximately constant in the field strength of 0 to 5 Tesla, preferably 0.1 to 4 Tesla of the external magnetic field Current density at a very high level. The level of levitation is very high. In series tests, it has been found that a further advantage of the presence of the cations mentioned is that the properties of the individual samples are much less scattered (levitation force, remanence induction, current density).
- the bodies Due to the increased constant critical current density in the presence of an external magnetic field, whether in the range from 0 to 5 Tesla or preferably from 0.1 to 4 Tesla, the bodies are very well suited for industrial use.
- the material is generally suitable, for example, for the production of power supplies, current-conducting cables or for use with poles in electric motors.
- Material of the 2-2-1-2 type is suitable, for example, for the production of short-circuit current limiters, high field magnets and power supplies.
- Material of the 2-2-2-3 type is suitable, for example, for the production of power transmission cables, transformers, SMES (superconducting magnetic energy storage), windings for electric motors, generators, high field magnets, power supplies and short-circuit current limiters.
- An advantage is, for example, that these components can be made more compact and have a higher efficiency than was previously possible.
- Yttrium oxide, barium carbonate and copper oxide were used in quantities so that the atomic ratio of yttrium, Barium and copper was set to 1: 2: 3.
- the foreign metal ions were added to the copper oxide starting material and thus introduced into the powder.
- the starting products were homogenized and pressed. Then they were decarbonated in a heat treatment. For this purpose, they were slowly brought to a final temperature of 940 ° C., held at this temperature for several days and then gradually cooled.
- the product obtained was then broken up and comminuted in a jet mill. It was then pressed again and again subjected to a temperature treatment in an oxygen stream. It was slowly heated to 940 ° C and held at this temperature for several hours. Then it was slowly allowed to cool to ambient temperature. It was broken, sieved and the sieved fine material was dry milled in a ball mill.
- the dg 0% value (grain size distribution determined in the Cilas laser granulometer) was below 30 ⁇ m
- CuO and lithium oxide were mixed in such an amount that the atomic ratio of Cu to Mg was about 9900: 100. This material was then processed as described in the general manufacturing instructions.
- the powder produced contained 0.02% by weight of Li.
- Example 1 was repeated, instead of lithium oxide, NiO was used.
- the powder produced contained 0.4% by weight of Ni.
- the material according to the invention was processed into moldings by melt texturing, as described in WO 97/06567. These showed an increased critical current density in the presence of an external magnetic field.
- the Li-containing material achieved up to 5 T 30 kA / cm 2 in a field area.
- the nickel-containing material was characterized by a critical current density that was higher by a factor of 2.5 (it was 30 kA / cm 2 ) than material which was produced without nickel. In the zero field, the nickel-containing material corresponded to the conventional material (40 kA / cm 2 ).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10137969A DE10137969A1 (de) | 2001-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Supraleitendes Material |
| DE10137969.2 | 2001-08-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003015187A2 true WO2003015187A2 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
| WO2003015187A3 WO2003015187A3 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=7694173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/008565 Ceased WO2003015187A2 (de) | 2001-08-08 | 2002-08-01 | Supraleitendes material |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10137969A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003015187A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2351677C2 (ru) * | 2004-05-17 | 2009-04-10 | Андрей Александрович Дончак | Высокотемпературный сверхпроводник на основе силицида лития |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2021491A6 (es) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-11-01 | Univ Madrid Complutense | Conductor ionico obtenido por introduccion de atomos de litio en la red de materiales superconductores de alta temperatura tipo ba2ycu3o7-x. |
| JPH08245297A (ja) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-09-24 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | 酸化物超電導体 |
| DE19943838A1 (de) * | 1999-03-24 | 2001-03-15 | Solvay Barium Strontium Gmbh | Supraleitende Formkörper |
-
2001
- 2001-08-08 DE DE10137969A patent/DE10137969A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-08-01 WO PCT/EP2002/008565 patent/WO2003015187A2/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10137969A1 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
| WO2003015187A3 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
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